Research on Mixed Logic Dynamic Modeling and Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control of Multi-Inverter Parallel System

Parallel connection of multiple inverters is an important means to solve the expansion,reserve and protection of distributed power generation,such as photovoltaics.In view of the shortcomings of traditional droop control methods such as weak anti-interference ability,low tracking accuracy of inverter output voltage and serious circulation phenomenon,a finite control set model predictive control(FCS-MPC)strategy of microgrid multiinverter parallel system based on Mixed Logical Dynamical(MLD)modeling is proposed.Firstly,the MLD modeling method is introduced logical variables,combining discrete events and continuous events to form an overall differential equation,which makes the modeling more accurate.Then a predictive controller is designed based on the model,and constraints are added to the objective function,which can not only solve the real-time changes of the control system by online optimization,but also effectively obtain a higher tracking accuracy of the inverter output voltage and lower total harmonic distortion rate(Total Harmonics Distortion,THD);and suppress the circulating current between the inverters,to obtain a good dynamic response.Finally,the simulation is carried out onMATLAB/Simulink to verify the correctness of the model and the rationality of the proposed strategy.This paper aims to provide guidance for the design and optimal control of multi-inverter parallel systems.

Modeling and Control of a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Based on a Mixed Logical Dynamical Model

A novel control strategy for a continuous stirred tank reactor(CSTR)system,which has the typical characteristic of strongly pronounced nonlinearity,multiple operating points,and a wide operating range,is initiated from the point of hybrid systems.The proposed scheme makes full use of the modeling power of mixed logical dy- namical(MLD)systems to describe the highly nonlinear dynamics and multiple operating points in a unified framework as a hybrid system,and takes advantage of the good control quality of model predictive control(MPC) to design a controller.Thus,this approach avoids oscillation during switching between sub-systems,helps to relieve shaking in transition,and augments the stability robustness of the whole system,and finally achieves optimal(i.e. fast and smooth)transition between operating points.The simulation results demonstrate that the presented ap- proach has a satisfactory performance.

基于MLD-MPC的快速路出口与辅路协调控制

城市交通信号控制系统是典型的混杂控制系统。针对当前大中城市普遍存在的快速路出口匝道、辅路及下游交叉口的信号协调控制问题,研究了一种多信号自适应控制方法,以保证出口匝道排队长度较小且下游交叉口排队不溢流。首先,基于车道路段当量排队长度建立状态方程,分别选取出口匝道、辅路交叉口和下游交叉口排队长度为连续状态变量,信号灯切换信号为离散控制变量;其次,以有限排队长度为模型约束,建立了包含快速路出口匝道、辅路及下游交叉口排队长度和信号状态的混合逻辑动态MLD模型;然后,比较研究了快速路出口匝道有信号灯控、无信号灯控两种不同情况下的MPC模型预测控制方法。仿真结果表明,基于MLD-MPC的控制方法可解决快速路出口匝道与辅路及下游交叉口的多交叉口信号协调控制问题。

列车运行调度MLD模型

通过对影响列车运行状态的事件进行分析,指出各类事件对列车状态的影响本质上是改变列车的加速度。采用MLD建模理论建立了列车运行调度模型,该模型将连续行为和离散行为统一在一个框架中并考虑了停站时间、安全距离等约束。以6站5区间的调度区段为例,对模型进行了仿真研究。针对施加干扰后列车发生的晚点的情况,采用压缩列车停站时间和区间运行时间的方法对晚点的列车进行调整,最终列车恢复了正点运行。仿真结果证明了模型的有效性和正确性。

基于MLD模型GTAW焊接熔透控制方法仿真研究

针对GTAW非线性焊接过程的混杂特性,给出混杂系统的建模方法,描述成混合逻辑动态(MLD)模型,并研究其GTAW焊接熔透控制策略.仿真的结果表明,该算法有效,能使系统输出稳定在设定点.为研究MLD建模在焊接过程控制中的实际应用起步研究奠定了基础.

MLD模型下逆变电路改进型直接功率预测控制

建立了新型逆变电路精确的混合逻辑动态(MLD)模型,并将其作为预测模型,研究了新型逆变电路基于预测直接功率控制(P-DPC)的模型预测控制方法。为了达到航空电源电压输出要求和降低开关损耗,在原来的3+3电压矢量控制序列法的基础上扩充了零矢量进行了改进,形成了一种新的对称的4+4电压矢量序列法,通过对下一时刻输出电压有功和无功分量的预测,在最小化目标函数值的基础上求出每一个电压矢量的作用时间,完成电路的控制。该方法减小了输出电压THD,具有良好动静态特性有一个较为稳定的开关频率,仿真和实验验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。

基于ESO-MLD的逆变器开路故障快速诊断方法

为了减小电机驱动系统中未知干扰对逆变器开路故障诊断的影响,提出了一种基于扩展观测器ESO(extended state observer)和混合逻辑动态MLD(mixed logic dynamic)模型的逆变器开路故障快速诊断方法。通过分析开关管在正常工作和故障状态下的电流流向路径,建立了逆变器的混合逻辑动态模型,并设计了一种电压扩展观测器。根据观测器的观测电压和实际系统输出电压之间的相电压残差进行故障检测,通过故障相残差与正常两相残差之间的数值关系来定位故障相和故障管。该方法有效减小了系统中未知干扰和不确定因素对逆变器故障诊断的影响,提高了故障诊断率。最后,通过Matlab/Simulink仿真验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。

基于MLD的微电网多逆变器并联组态的建模及优化控制

针对现有微网逆变器并联系统建模精度不高、控制方案复杂、控制效果不理想等问题,文中提出了一种基于混合逻辑动态(MLD)的光伏微网多并联逆变器的建模和优化控制方法。该方法将每个开关周期分为多个子周期,同时引入逻辑变量来判断系统运行的动态模式;然后用HYSDEL工具编程得到MLD模型;最后根据系统的自然约束及系统控制目标设计预测控制器,并通过求解相应的整数线性规划问题达到减少输出电压跟踪误差及各逆变器之间的环流的目标。相较传统的建模与控制方法,该方法具有模型精度高、控制方案简便、控制效果好的特点。仿真结果验证了模型的正确性和控制器性能的优越性。

Vehicle height control of electronic air suspension system based on mixed logical dynamical modelling

Due to the coexistence and coupling of continuous variables and discrete events, the vehicle height adjustment process of electronic air suspension system can be regarded as a typical hybrid system. Therefore, the hybrid system theory was applied to design a novel vehicle height control strategy in this paper. A nonlinear mechanism model of the vehicle height adjustment system was established based on vehicle system dynamics and thermodynamic theory for variable-mass gas charge/discharge system. In order to model both the continuous/discrete dynamics of vehicle height adjustment process and the on-off statuses switching of solenoid valves, the framework of mixed logical dynamical(MLD) modelling was used. On the basis of the vehicle height adjustment control strategy, the MLD model of the adjustment process was built by introducing auxiliary logical variables and auxiliary continuous variables. Then, the co-simulation of the nonlinear mechanism model and the MLD model was conducted based on the compiling of HYSDEL. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control strategy can not only adjust the vehicle height effectively, but also achieve the on-off statuses direct control of solenoid valves.

基于MLD的加权区间预测控制

针对生产过程中某些被控变量并没有苛刻的设定值要求,只要满足在给定区间内即可的问题,提出了一种基于混合逻辑动态模型的加权区间预测控制算法,在控制器设计中引入逻辑变量,将基于逻辑命题的目标函数以约束条件的形式集成到预测控制器模型框架下。通过逻辑变量的取值检测被控变量预测值所处的偏差区域,设定相应的误差权重值,使预测控制根据输出在不同的偏差区域范围,采取不同的控制强度,从而保证快速控制的同时满足稳定控制的要求。通过对Shell塔的仿真,验证了算法的有效性。

State Feedback Predictive Control for Hybrid System via Parametric Optimization

In this article, state feedback predictive controller for hybrid system via parametric programming is proposed. First, mixed logic dynamic （MLD） modeling mechanism for hybrid system is analyzed, which has a distinguished advantage to deal with the logic rules and constraints of a plant. Model predictive control algorithm with moving horizon state estimator （MHE） is presented. The estimator is adopted to estimate the current state of the plant with process disturbance and measurement noise, and the state estimated are utilized in the predictive controller for both regulation and tracking problems of the hybrid system based on MLD model. Off-line parametric programming is adopted and then on-line mixed integer programming problem can be treated as the parameter programming with estimated state as the parameters. A three tank system is used for computer simulation, results show that the proposed MHE based predictive control via parametric programming is effective for hybrid system with model/olant mismatch, and has a potential for the engineering applications.

城市排水系统混合逻辑动态(MLD)建模方法及应用

传统的排水系统机理模型在城市排水系统精细化模拟和设计评估方面应用广泛,但是在以排水系统优化控制为主攻方向的实时控制模式中,机理模型的计算复杂性与低时效性不利于与优化系统结合,难以形成较为完善的模拟-预测-优化体系。混合逻辑动态法作为一种广泛应用在物理过程建模和自动控制领域的线性离散化模拟手段,通过研究其在排水系统中的建模原理与优化方式,并通过案例分析其模拟与优化的准确性与可靠性,展现了其在城市排水系统模拟领域的应用潜力和价值。

MLD-MPC Approach for Three-Tank Hybrid Benchmark Problem

The present paper aims at validating a Model Predictive Control(MPC),based on the Mixed Logical Dynamical(MLD)model,for Hybrid Dynamic Systems(HDSs)that explicitly involve continuous dynamics and discrete events.The proposed benchmark system is a three-tank process,which is a typical case study of HDSs.The MLD-MPC controller is applied to the level control of the considered tank system.The study is initially focused on the MLD approach that allows consideration of the interacting continuous dynamics with discrete events and includes the operating constraints.This feature of MLD modeling is very advantageous when an MPC controller synthesis for the HDSs is designed.Once the MLD model of the system is well-posed,then the MPC law synthesis can be developed based on the Mixed Integer Programming(MIP)optimization problem.For solving this MIP problem,a Branch and Bound(B&B)algorithm is proposed to determine the optimal control inputs.Then,a comparative study is carried out to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid controller for the HDSs compared to the standard MPC approach.Performances results show that the MLD-MPC approach outperforms the standardMPCone that doesn’t consider the hybrid aspect of the system.The paper also shows a behavioral test of the MLDMPC controller against disturbances deemed as liquid leaks from the system.The results are very satisfactory and show that the tracking error is minimal less than 0.1%in nominal conditions and less than 0.6%in the presence of disturbances.Such results confirm the success of the MLD-MPC approach for the control of the HDSs.

A NEW APPROACH TO PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC ARRAY FOR SINGLE-CLOCK CMOS

Programmable Logic Array (PLA) is an important building circuit of VLSI chips and some of the FPGA architectures have evolved from the basic PLA architectures. In this letter, a dynamic and static mixed PLA with single-phased clock is presented. Combining both dynamic and static design style rather than introducing additional interface-buffers overcomes the racing problem, thereby saves the chip area. Besides inheriting the advantages of dynamic circuit-low power dissipation and compact structure, this approach also provides high-speed operation.

应用混合逻辑动态模型预测控制器的磁轴承三电平调制策略

传统磁轴承三电平调制策略在数字控制系统中存在控制延迟问题,影响电流纹波抑制效果。针对上述问题,提出一种基于混合逻辑动态模型预测控制器的磁轴承三电平调制策略。基于混杂系统理论,建立混合逻辑动态模型,统一表征出驱动电路充电、放电和续流工作模态,实现三电平调制;结合模型预测控制理论,将所建立的混合逻辑动态模型作为预测模型,预测磁轴承的控制电流,实现对控制延迟的补偿,并将预测控制电流送入到代价函数中,得出驱动电路的最优控制信号;基于所提调制策略构建了磁轴承控制系统,并与传统调制策略进行对比。仿真结果表明:在轻载扰动工况下,所提调制策略相比于传统三电平滞环调制策略与传统三电平脉冲宽度调制(pulse width modulation,PWM)策略,电流纹波分别降低了49.90%和49.87%;在中载扰动工况下,所提调制策略相比于传统三电平滞环调制策略与传统三电平PWM策略,电流纹波分别降低了49.99%和49.84%;在重载扰动工况下,所提调制策略相比于传统三电平滞环调制策略与传统三电平PWM策略,电流纹波分别降低了50.08%和49.77%。在三电平调制机制的基础上,所提调制策略能够有效补偿一个采样周期的控制延迟,达到降低电流纹波的效果。

分段仿射模型在智能车辆混合控制的应用研究

针对智能车辆混合动力学控制问题,首先采用分段仿射模型(PWA)非线性逼近车辆主要部件的系统特性,将智能车辆纵向动力学转化为计算混合逻辑动力学(MLD)模型,在此基础上提出了混合模型预测控制(HMPC)策略。通过求解混合整数二次规划(MIQP)问题,设计了能够计算智能车辆纵向工作模式(二进制控制输入),以及节气门开口度和制动压力(连续控制输入)在自动调速过程中切换顺序的控制器。最后通过仿真对比模拟分析,验证了所设计的混合控制器在典型工况下具有良好的纵向速度调节控制性能。

Vehicle height and leveling control of electronically controlled air suspension using mixed logical dynamical approach

Vehicle height and leveling control of electronically controlled air suspension(ECAS) still poses theoretical challenges for researchers that have not been adequately addressed in prior research. This paper investigates the design and verification of a new controller to adjust the vehicle height and to regulate the roll and pitch angles of the vehicle body(leveling control) during the height adjustment procedures. A nonlinear mechanism model of the vehicle height adjustment system is formulated to describe the dynamic behaviors of the system. By using mixed logical dynamical(MLD) approach, a novel control strategy is proposed to adjust the vehicle height by controlling the on-off statuses of the solenoid valves directly. On this basis, a correction algorithm is also designed to regulate the durations of the on-off statuses of the solenoid valves based on pulse width modulated(PWM) technology, thus the effective leveling control of the vehicle body can be guaranteed. Finally, simulations and vehicle tests results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed control methodology.

基于状态观测器的单相整流系统传感器故障诊断与容错控制方法

交直交传动系统广泛应用于高速铁路牵引领域。电力牵引变流器作为牵引传动系统核心部件,由于其自身结构复杂,且运行环境恶劣,易突发故障。本文针对牵引变流器脉冲整流器网侧电流传感器和中间直流侧电压传感器故障,通过建立单相脉冲整流器混合逻辑动态MLD(Mixed Logic Dynamic)模型,构建系统状态观测器,研究基于状态观测器的传感器在线故障诊断与容错控制方法,并基于RT-LAB在回路试验平台进行了验证。试验结果验证了该方法的有效性,其具有诊断速度快、精度高的特点,适用于电力牵引传动系统应用。

混杂系统理论及其在三相逆变电路开路故障诊断中的应用

针对基于事件辨识的故障诊断方法难以用于离散事件较多的电力电子电路这一问题,文章建立了电力电子电路的混合逻辑动态模型,将电路运行抽象为离散事件的变迁,并根据电路的故障模式确定电路的故障事件集和故障模型。文章应用了故障事件识别向量的概念,基于电路的故障模型仅通过对电路故障事件的辨识实现故障诊断,具有实现简单、通用性好、诊断效果可靠的优点,以逆变电路故障诊断的仿真和实验验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。

物联网感知行为统一表达模型研究

针对物联网感知终端多样性、任务复杂性等特点,采用混合逻辑动态(MLD)建模方法,推出物联网感知层测控过程行为统一表达式。把物联网感知层测控过程行为用包含状态变量、输入变量和辅助变量来描述;将物联网感知层测控过程行为中操作约束、逻辑规则和连续动态特性集成为带有混合整数不等式约束的状态方程形式。通过此模型可在宏观上把握系统过程行为,考虑系统操作约束、定性知识等因素,为测控系统协调优化奠定重要基础。结合建立机动车运行安全监测系统模型的应用例,结果表明该建模方法的可行性、合理性、有效性。