An Enhanced GAN for Image Generation

Generative adversarial networks(GANs)with gaming abilities have been widely applied in image generation.However,gamistic generators and discriminators may reduce the robustness of the obtained GANs in image generation under varying scenes.Enhancing the relation of hierarchical information in a generation network and enlarging differences of different network architectures can facilitate more structural information to improve the generation effect for image generation.In this paper,we propose an enhanced GAN via improving a generator for image generation(EIGGAN).EIGGAN applies a spatial attention to a generator to extract salient information to enhance the truthfulness of the generated images.Taking into relation the context account,parallel residual operations are fused into a generation network to extract more structural information from the different layers.Finally,a mixed loss function in a GAN is exploited to make a tradeoff between speed and accuracy to generate more realistic images.Experimental results show that the proposed method is superior to popular methods,i.e.,Wasserstein GAN with gradient penalty(WGAN-GP)in terms of many indexes,i.e.,Frechet Inception Distance,Learned Perceptual Image Patch Similarity,Multi-Scale Structural Similarity Index Measure,Kernel Inception Distance,Number of Statistically-Different Bins,Inception Score and some visual images for image generation.

Effect of Honeycomb Seals on Loss Characteristics in Shroud Cavities of an Axial Turbine

The loss in efficiency due to shroud leakage or tip clearance flow accounts for a substantial part of the overall losses in turbomachinery. It is important to identify the leakage loss characteristics in order to optimize turbomachinery. At present, little information is available in the open literature concerning the effect of honeycomb seals on the loss characteristics in shroud cavities of an axial turbine, despite of the widespread use of the honeycomb seals. Therefore, interaction between rotor labyrinth seal leakage flow with and without honeycomb facings and main flow is investigated to provide the loss characteristics of the mixing process of the re-entering leakage flow into the main flow. The effects of honeycomb seals on the flow in shroud cavities and interaction with the main flow are analyzed. An additional study on the impact of subtle shroud cavity exit geometry is also presented. The investigation results indicate that the honeycomb seal affects the over tip leakage flow and reduces mixing losses when compared to the solid labyrinth seal. The leakage flow interactions with the main flow have considerably changed the flow fields in the endwall regions. The proposed research reveals the effects of honeycomb seals on the loss characteristics in shroud cavities and the impact of subtle shroud cavity exit geometry, and it is helpful for the design optimization of turbomachinery.

Performance Improvement of a Centrifugal Compressor for the Fuel Cell Vehicle by Tip Leakage Vortex Control

Heightened interests have been laid at the preliminary design and optimization of the centrifugal compressor for the fuel cell vehicle.The centrifugal compressor for fuel cell vehicle is driven by a high-speed motor;however,the limit of the motor speed makes the flow passage of the impeller long and narrow,which leads to a serious tip leakage loss.Serious tip leakage loss deteriorates the compressor performance.In this paper,3-D numerical simulations were carried out with the aim of investigating the tip leakage loss in a prototype centrifugal compressor for a 100 kW fuel cell stack.The results revealed that the mixing loss caused by the interaction between the tip leakage vortex and the downstream tip leakage flow contributed to the major part of the tip leakage loss.The path of the tip leakage vortex almost followed the streamwise direction,while the downstream tip leakage flow exhibited strong circumferential momentum,which referred to the fact that they were nearly orthogonal.Therefore,a flow control approach,which was realized by enhancing the blade loading around the leading edge of blade tips in this paper,was proposed to decrease the interaction angle between the tip leakage vortex and the downstream tip leakage flow and then mitigate mixing loss by changing the flow direction of the tip leakage vortex.The results showed a smaller interaction angle was achieved in the optimized impeller compared with the baseline one.Meanwhile,the efficiency was also improved by 1.30%at design condition and the maximum efficiency improvement could be up to 10%at large mass flow condition of 92000 r/min.Being manufactured and tested,the optimized compressor was proved to achieve an isentropic efficiency of 75.84%at design condition.