Chinese expert consensus on laparoscopic hepatic segmentectomy and subsegmentectomy navigated by augmented-and mixed-reality technology combined with indocyanine green fluorescence imaging

Augmented-and mixed-reality technologies have pioneered the realization of real-time fusion and interactive projection for laparoscopic surgeries.Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging technology has enabled anatomical,functional,and radical hepatectomy through tumor identification and localization of target hepatic segments,driving a transformative shift in themanagement of hepatic surgical diseases,moving away from traditional,empirical diagnostic and treatment approaches toward digital,intelligent ones.The Hepatic Surgery Group of the Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association,Digital Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Association,Digital Intelligent Surgery Committee of the Chinese Society of ResearchHospitals,and Liver Cancer Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized the relevant experts in China to formulate this consensus.This consensus provides a comprehensive outline of the principles,advantages,processes,and key considerations associated with the application of augmented reality and mixed-reality technology combined with indocyanine green fluorescence imaging technology for hepatic segmental and subsegmental resection.The purpose is to streamline and standardize the application of these technologies.

Review of Digital Campus Construction Led by Virtual Reality Technology

In recent years,the government has issued a series of documents to promote the construction of digital campuses.This initiative serves to encourage the deep integration of information technology and intelligent technology education and digital reform,the combination of virtual reality and campus management is the need for innovative thinking and economic and social development,and then better change our learning style and living environment.The construction of the digital campus is based on virtual reality technology,BIM,GIS,and three-dimensional modeling technology to provide an immersive platform for students,promote the integration of virtual reality technology and education,help teachers,students,and parents to understand all kinds of education information and resources,to achieve their interoperability.From the off-campus environment to the school teaching equipment,teachers to teaching quality certification,and learning,to extracurricular entertainment,opening ceremonies to graduation parties,to bring more efficient,convenient,and safe campus life for teachers,students,and staff in school,and break the traditional information restrictions.

Application Strategies of Virtual Reality Technology in the Teaching Design of Vocational Courses from the Perspective of Learning Transfer Theory

With the rapid development of virtual reality technology,it has been widely used in the field of education.It can promote the development of learning transfer,which is an effective method for learners to learn effectively.Therefore,this paper describes how to use virtual reality technology to achieve learning transfer in order to achieve teaching goals and improve learning efficiency.

Application of Mixed Reality Technology in Visualization of Medical Operations

With the continuous progress of virtual simulation technology,medical surgery visualization system has been developed from two-dimensional to three-dimensional,from digital to network and intelligentization.The visualization system with mixed reality technology will also be used in all stage of medical surgery,such as case discussion,surgical planning,intraoperative guidance,post-operative evaluation,rehabilitation,so as to further promote high intelligence,high precision of medical surgery,and consequently improve effectiveness of treatment and quality of medical service.This paper discusses the composition and technical characteristics of medical operation visualization system based on mixed reality technology,and introduces some typical applications of mixed reality technology in medical operation visualization,which provides a new perspective for the application of mixed technology in medical surgery.

基于MR混合现实的足球机器人目标跟踪仿真

机器人跟踪足球时,由于目标具有较强的运动随机性,且较小的目标尺度增大了跟踪框的自适应跟踪难度,目标跟踪时会将很多背景信息包含在内,导致目标模型的更新错误。为此,提出基于MR混合现实的足球机器人目标跟踪方法。构建MR混合现实平台,令足球机器人在虚拟现实场景下完成人机交互,在保证目标跟踪安全性的同时提升目标跟踪性能;采用帧差法获取目标模型,利用投影法对二值图像投影,并对差分图像滤波,以此获取足球机器人在目标模板区域及候选目标区域中的直方图。基于此,更新足球机器人目标模型,实现基于MR混合现实的足球机器人目标跟踪。实验结果表明,当跟踪误差阈值为0.8mm时,研究方法的目标跟踪准确率和成功率均可达95%以上,平均耗时为55.17ms。当足球目标出现遮挡问题时,该方法仍能完成高精度跟踪。

基于MR技术的计算机组装系统设计与实现

使用HoloLens2头盔和混合现实插件Mixed Reality Feature Tool开发出一款计算机组装混合现实交互应用。通过HoloLens2凝视、手部跟踪、UX构建基块、语音和听写系统、眼部跟踪等进行输入交互,并配合Unity3D中的Animation系统与UGUI系统,最终实现混合现实虚拟交互。Unity3D工程导出UWP,并生成VS工程,然后部署到HoloLens2中进行测试。测试结果表明,该系统实现了计算机组装的相关交互功能。研究为计算机组装的虚拟操作提供了一种混合现实解决方案。

Training on LSA lifeboat operation using Mixed Reality

Background This work aims to provide an overview of the Mixed Reality(MR)technology’s use in maritime industry for training purposes.Current training procedures cover a broad range of procedural operations for Life-Saving Appliances(LSA)lifeboats;however,several gaps and limitations have been identified related to the practical training that can be addressed through the use of MR.Augmented,Virtual and Mixed Reality applications are already used in various fields in maritime industry,but their full potential have not been yet exploited.SafePASS project aims to exploit MR advantages in the maritime training by introducing a relevant application focusing on use and maintenance of LSA lifeboats.Methods An MR Training application is proposed supporting the training of crew members in equipment usage and operation,as well as in maintenance activities and procedures.The application consists of the training tool that trains crew members on handling lifeboats,the training evaluation tool that allows trainers to assess the performance of trainees,and the maintenance tool that supports crew members to perform maintenance activities and procedures on lifeboats.For each tool,an indicative session and scenario workflow are implemented,along with the main supported interactions of the trainee with the equipment.Results The application has been tested and validated both in lab environment and using a real LSA lifeboat,resulting to improved experience for the users that provided feedback and recommendations for further development.The application has also been demonstrated onboard a cruise ship,showcasing the supported functionalities to relevant stakeholders that recognized the added value of the application and suggested potential future exploitation areas.Conclusions The MR Training application has been evaluated as very promising in providing a user-friendly training environment that can support crew members in LSA lifeboat operation and maintenance,while it is still subject to improvement and further expansion.

Application and Prospect of Mixed Reality Technology in Medical Field

Mixed reality(MR)technology is a new digital holographic image technology,which appears in the field of graphics after virtual reality(VR)and augmented reality(AR)technology,a new interdisciplinary frontier.As a new generation of technology,MR has attracted great attention of clinicians in recent years.The emergence of MR will bring about revolutionary changes in medical education training,medical research,medical communication,and clinical treatment.At present,MR technology has become the popular frontline information technology for medical applications.With the popularization of digital technology in the medical field,the development prospects of MR are inestimable.The purpose of this review article is to introduce the application of MR technology in the medical field and prospect its trend in the future.

Mixed Reality-based Interactive Technology for Aircraft Cabin Assembly

Due to the narrowness of space and the complexity of structure, the assembly of aircraft cabin has become one of the major bottlenecks in the whole manufacturing process. To solve the problem, at the beginning of aircraft design, the different stages of the lifecycle of aircraft must be thought about, which include the trial manufacture, assembly, maintenance, recycling and destruction of the product. Recently, thanks to the development of the virtual reality and augmented reality, some low-cost and fast solutions are found for the product assembly. This paper presents a mixed reality-based interactive technology for the aircraft cabin assembly, which can enhance the efficiency of the assemblage in a virtual environment in terms of vision, information and operation. In the mixed reality-based assembly environment, the physical scene can be obtained by a camera and then generated by a computer. The virtual parts, the features of visual assembly, the navigation information, the physical parts and the physical assembly environment will be mixed and presented in the same assembly scene. The mixed or the augmented information will provide some assembling information as a detailed assembly instruction in the mixed reality-based assembly environment. Constraint proxy and its match rules help to reconstruct and visualize the restriction relationship among different parts, and to avoid the complex calculation of constraint＇s match. Finally, a desktop prototype system of virtual assembly has been built to assist the assembly verification and training with the virtual hand.

Video Conference System in Mixed Reality Using a Hololens

The mixed reality conference system proposed in this paper is a robust,real-time video conference application software that makes up for the simple interaction and lack of immersion and realism of traditional video conference,which realizes the entire process of holographic video conference from client to cloud to the client.This paper mainly focuses on designing and implementing a video conference system based on AI segmentation technology and mixed reality.Several mixed reality conference system components are discussed,including data collection,data transmission,processing,and mixed reality presentation.The data layer is mainly used for data collection,integration,and video and audio codecs.The network layer uses Web-RTC to realize peer-to-peer data communication.The data processing layer is the core part of the system,mainly for human video matting and human-computer interaction,which is the key to realizing mixed reality conferences and improving the interactive experience.The presentation layer explicitly includes the login interface of the mixed reality conference system,the presentation of real-time matting of human subjects,and the presentation objects.With the mixed reality conference system,conference participants in different places can see each other in real-time in their mixed reality scene and share presentation content and 3D models based on mixed reality technology to have a more interactive and immersive experience.

Adaptive Consistent Management to Prevent System Collapse on Shared Object Manipulation in Mixed Reality

A concurrency control mechanism for collaborative work is akey element in a mixed reality environment. However, conventional lockingmechanisms restrict potential tasks or the support of non-owners, thusincreasing the working time because of waiting to avoid conflicts. Herein, wepropose an adaptive concurrency control approach that can reduce conflictsand work time. We classify shared object manipulation in mixed reality intodetailed goals and tasks. Then, we model the relationships among goal,task, and ownership. As the collaborative work progresses, the proposedsystem adapts the different concurrency control mechanisms of shared objectmanipulation according to the modeling of goal–task–ownership. With theproposed concurrency control scheme, users can hold shared objects andmove and rotate together in a mixed reality environment similar to realindustrial sites. Additionally, this system provides MS Hololens and Myosensors to recognize inputs from a user and provides results in a mixed realityenvironment. The proposed method is applied to install an air conditioneras a case study. Experimental results and user studies show that, comparedwith the conventional approach, the proposed method reduced the number ofconflicts, waiting time, and total working time.

Web-based mixed reality video fusion with remote rendering

Background Mixed reality(MR)video fusion systems merge video imagery with 3D scenes to make the scene more realistic and help users understand the video content and temporal–spatial correlation between them,reducing the user′s cognitive load.MR video fusion are used in various applications;however,video fusion systems require powerful client machines because video streaming delivery,stitching,and rendering are computationally intensive.Moreover,huge bandwidth usage is another critical factor that affects the scalability of video-fusion systems.Methods Our framework proposes a fusion method for dynamically projecting video images into 3D models as textures.Results Several experiments on different metrics demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.Conclusions The framework proposed in this study can overcome client limitations by utilizing remote rendering.Furthermore,the framework we built is based on browsers.Therefore,the user can test the MR video fusion system with a laptop or tablet without installing any additional plug-ins or application programs.

混合现实(MR)能提高学习成效吗?——基于23项实验与准实验的元分析

关于混合现实(MR)能否切实提高学习者的学习成效,以及如何运用才能取得理想的教学效果,学界尚未达成共识。鉴于此,本研究检索并筛选了近10年国内外23项相关(准)实验研究,对其进行了系统分析。结果表明:①从综合影响看,MR对学习成效具有中等偏上的积极影响;②从学段看,MR对小学及以下的影响最大,对中学的影响最小;③从学科看,MR对医学护理类的影响最为显著;④从教学方法看,MR结合讲授法能大幅提高学习成效;⑤从教学目标看,MR对知识类和技能类教学目标的学习成效也产生了中等偏上的积极影响。

基于MR的水电站专项应急预案演练平台

为解决水电站特种环境应急演练中存在的事故情景难以模拟、不安全、组织成本高等问题,构建一种基于混合现实(Mixed Reality,MR)技术进行险情可视化的应急演练仿真平台。针对电站地下厂房发电机组着火事故,采用Unity3D引擎结合情景构建与向导设计方法进行MR仿真平台的设计开发。测试结果表明,所设计的平台可实现在现实场景下进行虚拟操作的应急演练,平台模块设置得科学合理。该平台不仅拓宽了应急演练实训模式的边界,还可为水电站特种环境下应急演练提供新的参考依据。

Effects of virtual agents on interaction efficiency and environmental immersion in MR environments

Background Physical entity interactions in mixed reality(MR)environments aim to harness human capabilities in manipulating physical objects,thereby enhancing virtual environment(VEs)functionality.In MR,a common strategy is to use virtual agents as substitutes for physical entities,balancing interaction efficiency with environmental immersion.However,the impact of virtual agent size and form on interaction performance remains unclear.Methods Two experiments were conducted to explore how virtual agent size and form affect interaction performance,immersion,and preference in MR environments.The first experiment assessed five virtual agent sizes(25%,50%,75%,100%,and 125%of physical size).The second experiment tested four types of frames(no frame,consistent frame,half frame,and surrounding frame)across all agent sizes.Participants,utilizing a head mounted display,performed tasks involving moving cups,typing words,and using a mouse.They completed questionnaires assessing aspects such as the virtual environment effects,interaction effects,collision concerns,and preferences.Results Results from the first experiment revealed that agents matching physical object size produced the best overall performance.The second experiment demonstrated that consistent framing notably enhances interaction accuracy and speed but reduces immersion.To balance efficiency and immersion,frameless agents matching physical object sizes were deemed optimal.Conclusions Virtual agents matching physical entity sizes enhance user experience and interaction performance.Conversely,familiar frames from 2D interfaces detrimentally affect interaction and immersion in virtual spaces.This study provides valuable insights for the future development of MR systems.

Large-scale spatial data visualization method based on augmented reality

Background A task assigned to space exploration satellites involves detecting the physical environment within a certain space.However,space detection data are complex and abstract.These data are not conducive for researchers'visual perceptions of the evolution and interaction of events in the space environment.Methods A time-series dynamic data sampling method for large-scale space was proposed for sample detection data in space and time,and the corresponding relationships between data location features and other attribute features were established.A tone-mapping method based on statistical histogram equalization was proposed and applied to the final attribute feature data.The visualization process is optimized for rendering by merging materials,reducing the number of patches,and performing other operations.Results The results of sampling,feature extraction,and uniform visualization of the detection data of complex types,long duration spans,and uneven spatial distributions were obtained.The real-time visualization of large-scale spatial structures using augmented reality devices,particularly low-performance devices,was also investigated.Conclusions The proposed visualization system can reconstruct the three-dimensional structure of a large-scale space,express the structure and changes in the spatial environment using augmented reality,and assist in intuitively discovering spatial environmental events and evolutionary rules.

超越界限--MR技术在当代艺术展览中的应用与前景

探索了混合现实(MR)技术在艺术领域的应用,并以“图灵花园”展览为案例,展示了MR创新艺术表现和体验。分析了MR技术相较于传统沉浸式艺术展览的优势,讨论了MR技术面临的挑战及其对艺术展览未来发展的新视角开拓与潜在影响。

Design of Teaching System of Industrial Robots Using Mixed Reality Technology

Traditional teaching and learning about industrial robots uses abstract instructions,which are difficult for students to understand.Meanwhile,there are safety issues associated with the use of practical training equipment.To address these problems,this paper developed an instructional system based on mixed-reality(MR)technology for teaching about industrial robots.The Siasun T6A-series robots were taken as a case study,and the Microsoft MR device HoloLens-2 was used as the instructional platform.First,the parameters of the robots were analyzed based on their structural drawings.Then,the robot modules were decomposed,and 1:1 three-dimensional(3D)digital reproductions were created in Maya.Next,a library of digital models of the robot components was established,and a 3D spatial operation interface for the virtual instructional system was created in Unity.Subsequently,a C#code framework was established to satisfy the requirements of interactive functions and data transmission,and the data were saved in JSON format.In this way,a key technique that facilitates the understanding of spatial structures and a variety of human-machine interactions were realized.Finally,an instructional system based on HoloLens-2 was established for understanding the structures and principles of robots.The results showed that the instructional system developed in this study provides realistic 3D visualizations and a natural,efficient approach for human-machine interactions.This system could effectively improve the efficiency of knowledge transfer and the student’s motivation to learn.

Remote consultation based on mixed reality technology

Telemedicine includes remote teleradiology,remote ultrasound diagnostics,telesurgery,telemedicine consultation,and other forms.Telemedicine consultation is the most used form of telemedicine.However,the traditional telemedicine consultation is limited by a lack of communication and presentation methods,and its wide application is greatly limited.Mixed reality technology cuts through the boundaries between virtual reality and actual reality,bringing a new method of remote consultation.

Revolutionizing Healthcare—The Integration of Virtual Worlds, AR, and Metaverse Technology

This paper explores the transformative impact of virtual worlds, augmented reality (AR), and the metaverse in the healthcare sector. It delves into the ways these technologies are reshaping patient care, medical education, and research, while also addressing the challenges and opportunities they present. The paper highlights the potential benefits of these technologies and emphasizes the need for comprehensive regulatory frameworks and ethical guidelines to ensure responsible integration. Finally it outlines their transformative impact and discusses the challenges and opportunities they present for the future of healthcare provision.