混配农药中毒防治研究

首次在我国开展大规模的混配农药中毒流行病学调查,发现接触混配农药是当前发生农药中毒的重要危险因素,为针对性的预防提供了科学依据。毒理学研究证实多数农药混剂呈增毒效应或协同作用,且与其毒代动力学变化有密切关系,为今后开发高效、低毒的混配农药提供了毒理学依据。在国内外首次建立甲基对硫磷单克隆抗体酶联免疫测定法,并成功研制便携式血胆碱酯酶快速测定仪;这些检测接触、效应生物标志物的灵敏、特异、便捷的方法已试用于现场,并具有开发为产品的前景。同时还发现对氧磷酶基因在192位点的单核苷酸多态性,可能是甲基对硫磷免疫毒性作用的易感性生物标志物之一。在总结不同类别农药混配后所致中毒的临床表现特点和规律的基础上,修订现行的农药中毒诊断标准,增添了有机磷单剂及混剂中毒所致“中间期肌无力综合征”的新内容,将提高我国农药中毒的诊治水平。本研究主要成果达国内领先和国际先进水平。

<i>In Vitro</i>Germination and Plantlet Establishment of Wild Chamomile of Morocco <i>Cladanthus mixtus</i>(L.) Oberpr. and Vogt

In vitro seeds germination and plantlets establishment of Cladanthus mixtus (L.) Oberpr. and Vogt were studied in this report. A reliable protocol was developed for in vitro seed germination, multiplication and plantlet regeneration of Cladanthus mixtus. The seeds were sterilized and cultured in different media. Among the two basal media evaluated for symbiotic seed germination, gelled distilled water was found to be the best with a high percentage of seeds germination (100%) after 33 hours of culture. Seedlings were further transferred to different types of media. Result observed after 4 weeks showed that MS medium promotes the highest growth with an average of 2.75 ± 0.12 cm shoot length and 2.60 ± 0.29 shoots per explants, and the mean number of roots achieved 3.33 ± 0.17 root per explants with a length of 2.42 ± 0.16 cm. This study showed that macroelements of MS (1962) medium is essential for in vitro shoot multiplication, growth and rooting of shoots of Cladanthus mixtus L.