Problems with Mobile IP and Their Solutions

The Mobile IP technology is the core technology to implement NGN applications in traditional networks.It is a new domain for the development of IP technologies and the convergence of wireless communication and IP technologies.This paper discusses the main problems of Mobile IP in triangle routing,handoff, micro-movement and QoS,and gives their solutions respectively.It also analyzes Mobile IP applications for mobile communications,and concludes that the Mobile IP technology will play an important role in mobile communications and provide new opportunities to develop novel applications in the future.

Mobility and QoS Support in Mobile IP Networks

This paper presents the state of the art of the Quality of Service (QoS) and mobility support mechanisms for mobile IP networks, which includes the issues and challenges in QoS support, an overview of the Mobile IP protocol, a general description of the QoS and Mobility framework, and the End-To-End QoS architecture in the next-generation all-IP mobile network.

Research on Mobile IP in IP-RAN

IP-RAN is a part of ALL-IP UMTS. One of the most important functions in RAN is Mobility Management (MM). In IP-RAN, traditional MM technology that is based on ATM is deficient. Based on the analysis of requirement of MM in IP-RAN, a new architecture based on mobile IP and MPLS is proposed to provide an efficient MM with QOS support. In this paper, the signal process and data process of this architecture are specified. And at the end of this paper, the benefits of this architecture are also presented. Because the architecture is based on some assumptions, the actual application of the architecture needs some optimization that is another subject of our further research.

Active Network Supports for Mobile IP

The basic mobile IP protocol is difficult to implement on the traditional IP network and not flexible and efficient under certain conditions. For example, firewalls or bound- ary routers may drop packets sent by mobile nodes for security reasons. Traditional networking devices such as routers cannot dynamically load and unload extended services to achieve differ- ent qualities of services. In this paper, a new scheme of using the active network to support the mobile IP is presented. The Softnet, a prototype of active networks based on mobile agents, is introduced. The active network is characterized by the programmability of its intermediate nodes and therefore presents dynamic and flexible behaviors. Special services can be dynam- ically deployed onto the active nodes in the Softnet. This property is definitely required in implementing the mobile IP protocols. The Softnet supports not only the basic mobile IP pro- tocol but also other extended mobiIe IP protocols. Virtual networks for mobile IP services are dynamically formed by mobile agents in the Softnet to provide different qualities of services.

IP Mobility Issues for a Mobile Tele-Robotic System-NEPWAK

The network-centric applied research team (N-CART) is continuing its work on an ambitious project known as the network-enabled powered wheelchair adaptor kit (NEPWAK). It introduces techniques for modifying and using powered wheelchairs as mobile platforms enabling communication and remote control. The wheelchair is equipped with a laptop computer, a CCD camera and a wireless network interface card (NIC) for 802.11b Internet access. The laptop acts as a server allowing network clients to gain access through a custom control interface on the chair. The remote controlling client receives a video and audio feed from the chair and sends control signals for maneuvering. While traveling, the chair is able to change its network association from one access point (AP) to another within the same subnet-the process is known as handoff. However, there is no inter-network handoff mechanism presently available in IP networks. This restricts the mobility of the wheelchair to within the coverage area of the subnet APs. This paper shows that the Internet engineering task force’s (IETF) network layer mobility protocol—Mobile IP suffers from large handoff latencies that can hinder communication between the client and the wheelchair during handoff. Mobile IP alone is not a sufficient solution for a mobile telebotic system such as NEPWAK. An interesting solution to the handoff latency problem comes from the Fast-handover protocol described in Section 4.4 with simulation results in Section 6.2.

A New Mobility Management and Routing Scheme for Mobile Computing Environments

Mobility management is an essential component in enabling mobile hosts to move seamlessly from one location to another while maintaining the packet routing efficiency between the corresponding hosts. One of the concerns raised with the internet engineering task force(IETF)mobile IP standard is the excessive signaling generated for highly mobile computers. This paper introduces a scheme to address that issue by manipulating the inherent client-server interaction which exists in most applications to provide the correspondent host with the current mobile host binding. To evaluate the performance of the scheme, typical internet application sessions involving a mobile host is simulated and the signaling and routing costs are examined. Results show a substantial reduction in the mobility management overhead as well as the total cost of delivering packets to the mobile host.

PROOF OF CERTIFICATELESS MIP REGISTRATION PROTOCOL BASED ON PCL

Security protocols are the basis of many mobile communication systems,thus it is important to ensure protocol property correct. Using Protocol Composition Logic (PCL),this paper proves a Mobile IP (MIP) registration protocol that is based on certificateless public key signature without pairing between home agent and foreign agent,which minimizes the registration time and cost as well as improves the security compared with the identity-based and certificate-based registration protocol. Analysis and proof shows that the proposed protocol provides users security and authentications,moreover,the anonymity property is proved correct.

A packet loss avoidance handoff scheme

The basic mobile IP protocol is simple but only suitable for wide area and low speed networks. In this paper, we propose a novel micro-mobile IP handoff scheme, that is the packet loss avoidance handoff scheme. By using an additional cache at the base station and distinguishing packets with packet IDs, the proposed scheme minimizes the number of lost packets during handoff. Network architecture and detailed handoff procedures are given. We also analyze the cache size at the base station, the associated network load with the handoff procedure, and the handoff delay. The scheme is investigated by computer simulations. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is suitable for environments with fast mobility and frequent handoff.

An Approach to Support IP Multicasting in Networkswith Mobile Hosts

it is an efficient way for a mobile host to obtain multicast servicevia a local multicast router on the visited network. However, there is a possibilityfor a temporary disruption of multicast service due to the join latency and otherissues in handoff procedure. This paper proposes a scheme to solve such a problem.A smooth handoff mechanism is introduced to avoid unnecessary data loss. Besides,any mobility agent capable of multicast can be appointed to provide service to mobile hosts, which makes it possible to deploy the protocol widely. Discrete-eventsimulations were conducted to survey the performance of the proposed scheme. Thesimulation results show that the scheme has better performance than the comparedapproaches.

An IP mobility management scheme with dual location areas for IP/LEO satellite network

One of the issues of mobility management in a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite network is the high-frequency location binding update initiated by mobile nodes (MNs).To solve this problem,we propose a location management scheme based on dual location area (LA) in an IP/LEO satellite network.The proposed scheme uses two kinds of LA,the fixed Earth station LA and satellite LA,to manage the location of the MNs together.MNs operate the binding update procedures only when they are moving out of both of the two LAs last registered.Geographical location information of MN is used in the binding update procedures,so that the network can page the idle MNs near their last registered location first,to enhance the probability of paging success.A detailed description of the implementation of the scheme is provided.Mathematical analysis shows that the proposed scheme reduces the location management cost and minimizes the influences of the distance between MN and its home agent.Paging cost is also reduced by introducing geographical location information in the binding update procedures.