The acquisition of digital regional-scale information and ecological environmental data has high requirements for structural texture,spatial res-olution,and multiple parameter categories,which is challenging to achiev...The acquisition of digital regional-scale information and ecological environmental data has high requirements for structural texture,spatial res-olution,and multiple parameter categories,which is challenging to achieve using satellite remote sensing.Considering the convenient,facilitative,and flexible characteristics of UAV(unmanned air vehicle)remote sensing tech-nology,this study selects a campus as a typical research area and uses the Pegasus D2000 equipped with a D-MSPC2000 multi-spectral camera and a CAM3000 aerial camera to acquire oblique images and multi-spectral data.Using professional software,including Context Capture,ENVI,and ArcGIS,a 3D(three-dimensional)campus model,a digital orthophoto map,and multi-spectral remote sensing map drawing are realized,and the geometric accuracy of typical feature selection is evaluated.Based on a quantitative remote sensing model,the campus ecological environment assessment is performed from the perspectives of vegetation and water body.The results presented in this study could be of great significance to the scientific management and sustainable development of regional natural resources.展开更多
In regard to knowledge economy,the current concept in the model construction of online education,including distance education and online learning,generally refers to a kind of network-based learning behavior,similar t...In regard to knowledge economy,the current concept in the model construction of online education,including distance education and online learning,generally refers to a kind of network-based learning behavior,similar to the concept of online training.Compared with traditional offline education methods,through the application of information technology and internet technology for content dissemination and rapid learning,online education has the characteristics of high efficiency,convenience,low threshold,and rich teaching resources.Online education covers a wide range of people,different forms of learning,and its classification methods are more diverse.Online education services are the fastest growing field of education informatization.At the moment,the most pressing problems include effectively integrating educational resources with internet technology,launching online education services and products that are highly interactive and would encourage personalized learning,increasing user stickiness,as well as avoiding trend-following and conceptualized investment.展开更多
Against the backdrop of continuous development in the field of education,universities are encouraged to innovate their talent cultivation systems and objectives.The deep integration of industry and education has emerg...Against the backdrop of continuous development in the field of education,universities are encouraged to innovate their talent cultivation systems and objectives.The deep integration of industry and education has emerged as an effective strategy,aligning with the basic requirements of the new engineering education initiative and exerting a positive impact on socioeconomic development.However,an analysis of the current state of industry-education integration in universities reveals several issues that require optimization,affecting the ultimate effectiveness of integration.To optimize this phenomenon and achieve high-quality development,universities need to further explore the construction of a deep integration model of industry and education,adhering to corresponding principles to form a comprehensive system.On this basis,pathways for deep industry-education integration can be summarized.展开更多
The process of understanding natural language can be viewed as the process of model construction. This paper? employing Kripke frame for intuitionistic logic semantics as the implement of model construction for natura...The process of understanding natural language can be viewed as the process of model construction. This paper? employing Kripke frame for intuitionistic logic semantics as the implement of model construction for natural language, introduces a method of incremental model construction.展开更多
In order to Improvement the Neutrosophic sets as effective tools to deal with uncertain and inconsistent information.The research takes method-ology of combined single-valued neutrosophic rough set and multi-scale dec...In order to Improvement the Neutrosophic sets as effective tools to deal with uncertain and inconsistent information.The research takes method-ology of combined single-valued neutrosophic rough set and multi-scale deci-sion systems.This paper proposes the optimal scale selection and reduction algorithms based on multi-scale single-valued neutrosophic dominance rough set model.User requirements were analyzed using KJ method to construct a hierarchical model.According to the statistics of representative studies from China and the West,we found that,on the one hand,classical theory has been expanded and supplemented in fashion culture communication and market-ing.The topics are more micro-diverse,and the research methods are inspired by other disciplines;on the other hand,Chinese practice and Chinese cultural perspective need to fill the gap.The fashion content in the new fashion,however,needs to broaden its boundaries,and in addition to integrating with cultural theory and sociology,it needs to be integrated with fashion products,including product design,visual communication,image design and so on.Aesthetic communication needs to be taken into account as an important connotation,with visual communication and the communication of images as important research elements.On the whole,this research abroad inspires the development of domestic fashion culture communication and marketing research.展开更多
Broadband network plays an increasingly important strategic role in the development of new rural economy,society and culture.Based on the analysis of the construction of rural agricultural informatization and existing...Broadband network plays an increasingly important strategic role in the development of new rural economy,society and culture.Based on the analysis of the construction of rural agricultural informatization and existing problems in our country,this paper gives the path selection and measures of " broadband village" combined with regional characteristics to select the construction path of " broadband village",it needs to build the long term mechanism of " broadband village" investment and financing,determine the goal of the regional construction of " broadband village" and focus on promoting the development of rural informatization services.展开更多
Through careful study, it found that the key and difficult points of affecting and restricting Xi'an to reach the model city construction standards in provincial and national levels were "urban air environment quali...Through careful study, it found that the key and difficult points of affecting and restricting Xi'an to reach the model city construction standards in provincial and national levels were "urban air environment quality standards" and "water qualification rate of urban water environment function area". In order to tackle with the weak links, highlight the important points and focus on the difficult points to strengthen scientific and technological innovation, we actively explored new ideas and ways to resolve the dilemma in meeting the two standards of model city construction, and we managed to put forward the countermeasures to resolve the dilemma through innovating system and mechanism. "Place master system" should be carded out quickly to meet the "urban air environment quality standards", while "river master system" should be implemented as soon as possible to reach the "water qualification rate of urban water environment function area". The aim of this study was to enhance the qualification rates of the indicators for model city construction to make Xi'an successfully pass the provincial and national assessment of model city construction through dealing with the weak links to accelerate the realization of becoming model environmental protection city.展开更多
BACKGROUND : Experimental animal models of intracerebral hemorrhag (ICH) are greatly needed, so the process of establishment should be ideal in hematoma formation and easy to operate. OBJECTIVE : To construct mode...BACKGROUND : Experimental animal models of intracerebral hemorrhag (ICH) are greatly needed, so the process of establishment should be ideal in hematoma formation and easy to operate. OBJECTIVE : To construct model of ICH in rats with double injection of autologous blood taken from the cut tail cut and double withdrawal of the needle (shortened as two-step injection model), and compare with those induced by single and double injections. DESIGN : A randomized controlled tria SETTING: Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Military Area Command of Chinese PLA. MATERIALS: Thirty male Wistar rats of 10 to 12 months, weighing (400±25) g, provided by the Experimental Center of Medical Animals, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, were divided randomly into 3 groups with 10 rats in each group: two-step injection group, single injection group, double injection group. METHODS : The experiment was carried out in the Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from March to June in 2004. Autologous blood ICH model in rats were established as follows: In the two-step injection group, 50 μL unclotted autologous blood was taken from the rat tail cut, then injected with microsyringe into the caudate nucleus, 10 μL injected at first, paused for 2 minutes, and then the rest 40 μL injected slowly and continuously within 2 minutes. After the injection, the needle was kept immovable for about 4 minutes, withdrawn 2.0 mm, again kept immovable for about 4 minute, and then removed wholly at a slow speed. In the single injection group, 50 μL unclotted tail blood was injected slowly and continuously all within 2 minutes and the needle was slowly removed;(4) In the double injection group, 10 mL blood was injected at first, paused for 2 minutes, the rest 40 μL injected evenly within 2 minutes, and then the needle was withdrawn slowly and uninterruptedly. Neurologic findings were scored in accordance with Longa's five-point scale (0-4 scores, the higher the score, the severer the neurological dysfunction). The rats were killed to remove and sections were prepared, the morphological features of hematomas were grossly observed, the maximal diameter and size of hematomas in each slice were measured with the imaging analytical system, and the volume was calculated. Meanwhile, the conveniences of the techniques were compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The morphological features and volume of hematomas, neurologic deficit score (NDS), and the convenience of the techniques were compared. RESULTS: All the 30 rats were involved in the analysis of results without deletion. (1) Results of the morphological observation of volume of hematoma: In the two-step injection group, hematomas located in the right caudate nucleus area regularly in circular or analogously circular shape in each slice. The formation rate of hematomas in the single injection group and double injection group were lower than those in the two-step injection group [60% (6/10), 80% (8/10), 100% (10/10), P〈 0.01, 0.05]. The volume of hematomas in the single injection group and double injection group were smaller than those in the two-step injection group [(28.5±14.8), (33.4±7.4), (41.6±3.9) mm3, P〈 0.01, 0.05]. (2) NDS results: The NDS scores in the single injection group and double injection group were smaller than that in the two-step injection group (0.90±0.83, 1.30±0.78, 1.90±0.57, P〈 0.05). (3)Comparison of the convenience of the techniques: The double injection method allowed generating reproducible hematomas in rats with shortcomings that it needed autologous arterial blood from femoral artery, and precision instruments such as microinfusion pump. The two-step injection injected fresh unclotting blood taken directly from the tail cut with microsyringe into the rat brain, and it has the advantages of easy operation, no influence on the activity of thrombase, shorter duration for model establishment, and higher rate of hematoma formation, which could generate ideal and economical models of ICH. The two-step injection induced hemotoma regularly in circular or analogously circular shape in each slice, but those induced by single and double injections were mostly in strip or fusiform shapes and extending along the needle tracks or into the ventricle or subarachnoid space. CONCLUSION : The autologous blood ICH model induced by the two-step injection method is a reproducible and reliable one in regular shape, which is better than those induced by double and single injections.展开更多
Traffic control and management are effective measures to solve the problem of traffic congestion. The optimal control model for freeway corridor is developed under incident conditions, which is in the form of minimiza...Traffic control and management are effective measures to solve the problem of traffic congestion. The optimal control model for freeway corridor is developed under incident conditions, which is in the form of minimization of the sum of the square of the difference between traffic demand and capacity at each intersection and on the freeway bottleneck section. The model optimizes control parameters of phase splits at arterial intersections, off-ramp diversion rates at upstream off-ramps and on-ramp diversion rates at downstream on ramps. Finally, the objective function is discussed and it is showed that the optimal control model is simple and practical.展开更多
A new model for predicting the total tree height for harvested stems from cut-to-length(CTL)harvester data was constructed for Pinus radiata(D.Don)following a conceptual analysis of relative stem profi les,comparisons...A new model for predicting the total tree height for harvested stems from cut-to-length(CTL)harvester data was constructed for Pinus radiata(D.Don)following a conceptual analysis of relative stem profi les,comparisons of candidate models forms and extensive selections of predictor variables.Stem profi les of more than 3000 trees in a taper data set were each processed 6 times through simulated log cutting to generate the data required for this purpose.The CTL simulations not only mimicked but also covered the full range of cutting patterns of nearly 0.45×106 stems harvested during both thinning and harvesting operations.The single-equation model was estimated through the multipleequation generalized method of moments estimator to obtain effi cient and consistent parameter estimates in the presence of error correlation and heteroscedasticity that were inherent to the systematic structure of the data.The predictive performances of our new model in its linear and nonlinear form were evaluated through a leave-one-tree-out cross validation process and compared against that of the only such existing model.The evaluations and comparisons were made through benchmarking statistics both globally over the entire data space and locally within specifi c subdivisions of the data space.These statistics indicated that the nonlinear form of our model was the best and its linear form ranked second.The prediction accuracy of our nonlinear model improved when the total log length represented more than 20%of the total tree height.The poorer performance of the existing model was partly attributed to the high degree of multicollinearity among its predictor variables,which led to highly variable and unstable parameter estimates.Our new model will facilitate and widen the utilization of harvester data far beyond the current limited use for monitoring and reporting log productions in P.radiata plantations.It will also facilitate the estimation of bark thickness and help make harvester data a potential source of taper data to reduce the intensity and cost of the conventional destructive taper sampling in the fi eld.Although developed for P.radiata,the mathematical form of our new model will be applicable to other tree species for which CTL harvester data are routinely captured during thinning and harvesting operations.展开更多
More space truss construction has been planned to develop and utilize space resources.These trusses are designed in the way of large-scale,complex,modular,and on-orbit assembly.To meet the upcoming challenge of large-...More space truss construction has been planned to develop and utilize space resources.These trusses are designed in the way of large-scale,complex,modular,and on-orbit assembly.To meet the upcoming challenge of large-scale space infrastructure construction,it is necessary to study space truss automation design and robotic construction.This paper proposes an ordinal finite screw adjacency matrix model(OFSAMM),focusing on the relationship between assembly motions,to express and compute a space truss structure.In this model,a space truss is abstracted as a set of ordered assembly motions,each of which is recorded as a finite screw as the basic element of the truss and its assembly.The operation of truss transformation is also derived under this model.Therefore,the truss configuration,the assembly sequence,the truss sub-assembly,the truss components,and the on-orbit assembly task can be expressed and calculated in a unified model,which is calculated and stores the truss topology and assembly with the minimum storage cost.At the end of this paper,we introduce how to synthesize and optimize space truss design through two cases.The study will help to improve design efficiency.Furthermore,it provides a theoretical basis for the automatic construction of space truss structures,especially in the next stage.展开更多
Creativity is a design feature of human language.This paper presents a cognitive model of verbal creativity that draws on insights from the psychological research into creativity-particularly Glaveanu's 5A model t...Creativity is a design feature of human language.This paper presents a cognitive model of verbal creativity that draws on insights from the psychological research into creativity-particularly Glaveanu's 5A model that distinguishes five crucial perspectives on a creative act(actors,audience,artefacts,actions and affordances).The paper will outline a linguistic version of this model that adopts Construction Grammar as its theoretical foundation.The resulting"5C model of constructional creativity"argues that the central elements of linguistic creativity are constructors,co-constructors,constructs,constructional blending and the constructional network.展开更多
This paper introduces the model of China's direct grain subsidy policy, adopts computable general equilibrium (CGE) theory, and advances the scheme of constructing the model of China's direct grain subsidy pol...This paper introduces the model of China's direct grain subsidy policy, adopts computable general equilibrium (CGE) theory, and advances the scheme of constructing the model of China's direct grain subsidy policy. On the basis of some assumptions, such as conforming to the complete competition of market, inexistence of move of capital and labor forces among countries, unchanged exchange rate and incomplete substitution, and the main body of behavior comprising representative households, producers, local government and central government, the model established in this paper includes production module and demand module. Moreover, the model takes into account equilibrium structure, the definition of profiting and macro condition for closure, the related coefficients this CGE model needs include Armingtion substitution elasticity of intermediate composite product, investment composite product and consumption composite product between import and domestic production; substitution elasticity among production factors; conversion elasticity of total sales between domestic absorption and export; elasticity of residents' expenditure; elasticity of price; elasticity of export demand; the relative share of all sectors in capital stock. This paper also points out the advantages and limitations of CGE model in analyzing direct grain subsidy policy.展开更多
The rapid development of the economy and the continuous improvement of the education system made the state begin to pay more attention to the talents in the education sector,especially in the context of the developmen...The rapid development of the economy and the continuous improvement of the education system made the state begin to pay more attention to the talents in the education sector,especially in the context of the development of economic globalization,the demand for talents in foreign languages is increasing.China and South Korea are closely connected,so the demand for Korean language talents in our country is increasing,and many universities have established Korean language majors,and is constantly exploring teaching models and methods to enhance Korean language teaching,among which,experiential teaching being the university’s Korean language teaching is the important ways and means.This paper mainly analyzes the construction of the model of Korean language teaching in universities under experiential learning.展开更多
The Jaynes-Cummings model is solved with the raising and lowering(shift) operators using the matrix-diagonalizing technique. Bell nonlocality is also found to be present ubiquitously in the excitation states of the ...The Jaynes-Cummings model is solved with the raising and lowering(shift) operators using the matrix-diagonalizing technique. Bell nonlocality is also found to be present ubiquitously in the excitation states of the model.展开更多
Through the systematic analysis of the ground settlement generated by the process of shield tunneling,the relationships between ground deformation and construction parameters are studied in this paper.Based on the ass...Through the systematic analysis of the ground settlement generated by the process of shield tunneling,the relationships between ground deformation and construction parameters are studied in this paper.Based on the assumption of linear small deformation,a mathematical model of the relationship between ground deformation and construction parameters is set up.The principle and method of optimization for estimating ground deformation is studied.The actual measured data are compared with the results of theoretical analysis in a case.Considering different ground formations in different construction sites with different adverse effects on surface and underground structures,the ground surface deformations caused by shield tunneling is an aimed topic in this paper.The contributions and research implications are the revealed relationships between the ground deformation and the shield tunneling parameters during construction.展开更多
Students’grades not only serve as an effective indicator of their learning achievements but also to some extent reflect the completion of teaching tasks by the instructors.Currently,many universities across the count...Students’grades not only serve as an effective indicator of their learning achievements but also to some extent reflect the completion of teaching tasks by the instructors.Currently,many universities across the country have collected and recorded various information about students and teachers in the school’s information management system,but it is only a simple storage record and has not effectively excavated hidden information,and data have not been fully utilized.Student performance information,enrolment information,course information,teaching plans,and teacher-related information are currently stored in separate databases,which are independent of each other,making it difficult to perform effective data analysis.Data warehousing technology can integrate various information and use data analysis software to excavate more high-value information,which is convenient for teaching evaluation and optimizing teaching strategies.Based on data warehousing technology,the article uses the hierarchical concept of data warehousing to construct the ODS layer,DWD layer,DWS layer and ETL layer.Facing the data warehousing topic,the article designs the data warehousing conceptual model,logical model,and physical model based on student performance,providing a model basis for later data mining.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.42171311)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science (Grant No.OFSLRSS202218)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of the Hainan Province,China (Grant No.ZDYF2021SHFZ105)the Training Program of Excellent Master Thesis of Zhejiang Ocean University.
文摘The acquisition of digital regional-scale information and ecological environmental data has high requirements for structural texture,spatial res-olution,and multiple parameter categories,which is challenging to achieve using satellite remote sensing.Considering the convenient,facilitative,and flexible characteristics of UAV(unmanned air vehicle)remote sensing tech-nology,this study selects a campus as a typical research area and uses the Pegasus D2000 equipped with a D-MSPC2000 multi-spectral camera and a CAM3000 aerial camera to acquire oblique images and multi-spectral data.Using professional software,including Context Capture,ENVI,and ArcGIS,a 3D(three-dimensional)campus model,a digital orthophoto map,and multi-spectral remote sensing map drawing are realized,and the geometric accuracy of typical feature selection is evaluated.Based on a quantitative remote sensing model,the campus ecological environment assessment is performed from the perspectives of vegetation and water body.The results presented in this study could be of great significance to the scientific management and sustainable development of regional natural resources.
文摘In regard to knowledge economy,the current concept in the model construction of online education,including distance education and online learning,generally refers to a kind of network-based learning behavior,similar to the concept of online training.Compared with traditional offline education methods,through the application of information technology and internet technology for content dissemination and rapid learning,online education has the characteristics of high efficiency,convenience,low threshold,and rich teaching resources.Online education covers a wide range of people,different forms of learning,and its classification methods are more diverse.Online education services are the fastest growing field of education informatization.At the moment,the most pressing problems include effectively integrating educational resources with internet technology,launching online education services and products that are highly interactive and would encourage personalized learning,increasing user stickiness,as well as avoiding trend-following and conceptualized investment.
基金2023 Annual Project of the China Association for Construction Education“Research on the Development Path of Private Colleges and Industry Integration in Liaoning Province Under the Strategy of Intelligent Manufacturing Strong Province”(Project number:2023239)。
文摘Against the backdrop of continuous development in the field of education,universities are encouraged to innovate their talent cultivation systems and objectives.The deep integration of industry and education has emerged as an effective strategy,aligning with the basic requirements of the new engineering education initiative and exerting a positive impact on socioeconomic development.However,an analysis of the current state of industry-education integration in universities reveals several issues that require optimization,affecting the ultimate effectiveness of integration.To optimize this phenomenon and achieve high-quality development,universities need to further explore the construction of a deep integration model of industry and education,adhering to corresponding principles to form a comprehensive system.On this basis,pathways for deep industry-education integration can be summarized.
基金This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the National '863' Hi-Tech Programme of China.
文摘The process of understanding natural language can be viewed as the process of model construction. This paper? employing Kripke frame for intuitionistic logic semantics as the implement of model construction for natural language, introduces a method of incremental model construction.
文摘In order to Improvement the Neutrosophic sets as effective tools to deal with uncertain and inconsistent information.The research takes method-ology of combined single-valued neutrosophic rough set and multi-scale deci-sion systems.This paper proposes the optimal scale selection and reduction algorithms based on multi-scale single-valued neutrosophic dominance rough set model.User requirements were analyzed using KJ method to construct a hierarchical model.According to the statistics of representative studies from China and the West,we found that,on the one hand,classical theory has been expanded and supplemented in fashion culture communication and market-ing.The topics are more micro-diverse,and the research methods are inspired by other disciplines;on the other hand,Chinese practice and Chinese cultural perspective need to fill the gap.The fashion content in the new fashion,however,needs to broaden its boundaries,and in addition to integrating with cultural theory and sociology,it needs to be integrated with fashion products,including product design,visual communication,image design and so on.Aesthetic communication needs to be taken into account as an important connotation,with visual communication and the communication of images as important research elements.On the whole,this research abroad inspires the development of domestic fashion culture communication and marketing research.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Modern Information Services Decision and Consulting Research Base Project(NYJD217010)Philosophy and Social Science Research Project of Jiangsu Universities(2014SJB006)
文摘Broadband network plays an increasingly important strategic role in the development of new rural economy,society and culture.Based on the analysis of the construction of rural agricultural informatization and existing problems in our country,this paper gives the path selection and measures of " broadband village" combined with regional characteristics to select the construction path of " broadband village",it needs to build the long term mechanism of " broadband village" investment and financing,determine the goal of the regional construction of " broadband village" and focus on promoting the development of rural informatization services.
文摘Through careful study, it found that the key and difficult points of affecting and restricting Xi'an to reach the model city construction standards in provincial and national levels were "urban air environment quality standards" and "water qualification rate of urban water environment function area". In order to tackle with the weak links, highlight the important points and focus on the difficult points to strengthen scientific and technological innovation, we actively explored new ideas and ways to resolve the dilemma in meeting the two standards of model city construction, and we managed to put forward the countermeasures to resolve the dilemma through innovating system and mechanism. "Place master system" should be carded out quickly to meet the "urban air environment quality standards", while "river master system" should be implemented as soon as possible to reach the "water qualification rate of urban water environment function area". The aim of this study was to enhance the qualification rates of the indicators for model city construction to make Xi'an successfully pass the provincial and national assessment of model city construction through dealing with the weak links to accelerate the realization of becoming model environmental protection city.
文摘BACKGROUND : Experimental animal models of intracerebral hemorrhag (ICH) are greatly needed, so the process of establishment should be ideal in hematoma formation and easy to operate. OBJECTIVE : To construct model of ICH in rats with double injection of autologous blood taken from the cut tail cut and double withdrawal of the needle (shortened as two-step injection model), and compare with those induced by single and double injections. DESIGN : A randomized controlled tria SETTING: Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Military Area Command of Chinese PLA. MATERIALS: Thirty male Wistar rats of 10 to 12 months, weighing (400±25) g, provided by the Experimental Center of Medical Animals, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, were divided randomly into 3 groups with 10 rats in each group: two-step injection group, single injection group, double injection group. METHODS : The experiment was carried out in the Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from March to June in 2004. Autologous blood ICH model in rats were established as follows: In the two-step injection group, 50 μL unclotted autologous blood was taken from the rat tail cut, then injected with microsyringe into the caudate nucleus, 10 μL injected at first, paused for 2 minutes, and then the rest 40 μL injected slowly and continuously within 2 minutes. After the injection, the needle was kept immovable for about 4 minutes, withdrawn 2.0 mm, again kept immovable for about 4 minute, and then removed wholly at a slow speed. In the single injection group, 50 μL unclotted tail blood was injected slowly and continuously all within 2 minutes and the needle was slowly removed;(4) In the double injection group, 10 mL blood was injected at first, paused for 2 minutes, the rest 40 μL injected evenly within 2 minutes, and then the needle was withdrawn slowly and uninterruptedly. Neurologic findings were scored in accordance with Longa's five-point scale (0-4 scores, the higher the score, the severer the neurological dysfunction). The rats were killed to remove and sections were prepared, the morphological features of hematomas were grossly observed, the maximal diameter and size of hematomas in each slice were measured with the imaging analytical system, and the volume was calculated. Meanwhile, the conveniences of the techniques were compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The morphological features and volume of hematomas, neurologic deficit score (NDS), and the convenience of the techniques were compared. RESULTS: All the 30 rats were involved in the analysis of results without deletion. (1) Results of the morphological observation of volume of hematoma: In the two-step injection group, hematomas located in the right caudate nucleus area regularly in circular or analogously circular shape in each slice. The formation rate of hematomas in the single injection group and double injection group were lower than those in the two-step injection group [60% (6/10), 80% (8/10), 100% (10/10), P〈 0.01, 0.05]. The volume of hematomas in the single injection group and double injection group were smaller than those in the two-step injection group [(28.5±14.8), (33.4±7.4), (41.6±3.9) mm3, P〈 0.01, 0.05]. (2) NDS results: The NDS scores in the single injection group and double injection group were smaller than that in the two-step injection group (0.90±0.83, 1.30±0.78, 1.90±0.57, P〈 0.05). (3)Comparison of the convenience of the techniques: The double injection method allowed generating reproducible hematomas in rats with shortcomings that it needed autologous arterial blood from femoral artery, and precision instruments such as microinfusion pump. The two-step injection injected fresh unclotting blood taken directly from the tail cut with microsyringe into the rat brain, and it has the advantages of easy operation, no influence on the activity of thrombase, shorter duration for model establishment, and higher rate of hematoma formation, which could generate ideal and economical models of ICH. The two-step injection induced hemotoma regularly in circular or analogously circular shape in each slice, but those induced by single and double injections were mostly in strip or fusiform shapes and extending along the needle tracks or into the ventricle or subarachnoid space. CONCLUSION : The autologous blood ICH model induced by the two-step injection method is a reproducible and reliable one in regular shape, which is better than those induced by double and single injections.
基金This work was supported by the national 863 project of China (No. 2004AA505560).
文摘Traffic control and management are effective measures to solve the problem of traffic congestion. The optimal control model for freeway corridor is developed under incident conditions, which is in the form of minimization of the sum of the square of the difference between traffic demand and capacity at each intersection and on the freeway bottleneck section. The model optimizes control parameters of phase splits at arterial intersections, off-ramp diversion rates at upstream off-ramps and on-ramp diversion rates at downstream on ramps. Finally, the objective function is discussed and it is showed that the optimal control model is simple and practical.
基金Forest and Wood Products Australia Limited(FWPA)through project PNC465-1718:Advanced real-time measurements at harvest to increase value recovery and also supported by Beijing Forestry University through the special fund for characteristic development under the program of Building World-class University and Disciplines.
文摘A new model for predicting the total tree height for harvested stems from cut-to-length(CTL)harvester data was constructed for Pinus radiata(D.Don)following a conceptual analysis of relative stem profi les,comparisons of candidate models forms and extensive selections of predictor variables.Stem profi les of more than 3000 trees in a taper data set were each processed 6 times through simulated log cutting to generate the data required for this purpose.The CTL simulations not only mimicked but also covered the full range of cutting patterns of nearly 0.45×106 stems harvested during both thinning and harvesting operations.The single-equation model was estimated through the multipleequation generalized method of moments estimator to obtain effi cient and consistent parameter estimates in the presence of error correlation and heteroscedasticity that were inherent to the systematic structure of the data.The predictive performances of our new model in its linear and nonlinear form were evaluated through a leave-one-tree-out cross validation process and compared against that of the only such existing model.The evaluations and comparisons were made through benchmarking statistics both globally over the entire data space and locally within specifi c subdivisions of the data space.These statistics indicated that the nonlinear form of our model was the best and its linear form ranked second.The prediction accuracy of our nonlinear model improved when the total log length represented more than 20%of the total tree height.The poorer performance of the existing model was partly attributed to the high degree of multicollinearity among its predictor variables,which led to highly variable and unstable parameter estimates.Our new model will facilitate and widen the utilization of harvester data far beyond the current limited use for monitoring and reporting log productions in P.radiata plantations.It will also facilitate the estimation of bark thickness and help make harvester data a potential source of taper data to reduce the intensity and cost of the conventional destructive taper sampling in the fi eld.Although developed for P.radiata,the mathematical form of our new model will be applicable to other tree species for which CTL harvester data are routinely captured during thinning and harvesting operations.
基金financial support under the Manned Aerospace Research Project(Grant No.040102)。
文摘More space truss construction has been planned to develop and utilize space resources.These trusses are designed in the way of large-scale,complex,modular,and on-orbit assembly.To meet the upcoming challenge of large-scale space infrastructure construction,it is necessary to study space truss automation design and robotic construction.This paper proposes an ordinal finite screw adjacency matrix model(OFSAMM),focusing on the relationship between assembly motions,to express and compute a space truss structure.In this model,a space truss is abstracted as a set of ordered assembly motions,each of which is recorded as a finite screw as the basic element of the truss and its assembly.The operation of truss transformation is also derived under this model.Therefore,the truss configuration,the assembly sequence,the truss sub-assembly,the truss components,and the on-orbit assembly task can be expressed and calculated in a unified model,which is calculated and stores the truss topology and assembly with the minimum storage cost.At the end of this paper,we introduce how to synthesize and optimize space truss design through two cases.The study will help to improve design efficiency.Furthermore,it provides a theoretical basis for the automatic construction of space truss structures,especially in the next stage.
文摘Creativity is a design feature of human language.This paper presents a cognitive model of verbal creativity that draws on insights from the psychological research into creativity-particularly Glaveanu's 5A model that distinguishes five crucial perspectives on a creative act(actors,audience,artefacts,actions and affordances).The paper will outline a linguistic version of this model that adopts Construction Grammar as its theoretical foundation.The resulting"5C model of constructional creativity"argues that the central elements of linguistic creativity are constructors,co-constructors,constructs,constructional blending and the constructional network.
文摘This paper introduces the model of China's direct grain subsidy policy, adopts computable general equilibrium (CGE) theory, and advances the scheme of constructing the model of China's direct grain subsidy policy. On the basis of some assumptions, such as conforming to the complete competition of market, inexistence of move of capital and labor forces among countries, unchanged exchange rate and incomplete substitution, and the main body of behavior comprising representative households, producers, local government and central government, the model established in this paper includes production module and demand module. Moreover, the model takes into account equilibrium structure, the definition of profiting and macro condition for closure, the related coefficients this CGE model needs include Armingtion substitution elasticity of intermediate composite product, investment composite product and consumption composite product between import and domestic production; substitution elasticity among production factors; conversion elasticity of total sales between domestic absorption and export; elasticity of residents' expenditure; elasticity of price; elasticity of export demand; the relative share of all sectors in capital stock. This paper also points out the advantages and limitations of CGE model in analyzing direct grain subsidy policy.
文摘The rapid development of the economy and the continuous improvement of the education system made the state begin to pay more attention to the talents in the education sector,especially in the context of the development of economic globalization,the demand for talents in foreign languages is increasing.China and South Korea are closely connected,so the demand for Korean language talents in our country is increasing,and many universities have established Korean language majors,and is constantly exploring teaching models and methods to enhance Korean language teaching,among which,experiential teaching being the university’s Korean language teaching is the important ways and means.This paper mainly analyzes the construction of the model of Korean language teaching in universities under experiential learning.
基金This work was supported by the Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.(Grant No.2019GS007-WW03/20)the State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin(Grant No.SKL2020ZY10).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China under Grant Nos 11475089,11675119 and 11575125
文摘The Jaynes-Cummings model is solved with the raising and lowering(shift) operators using the matrix-diagonalizing technique. Bell nonlocality is also found to be present ubiquitously in the excitation states of the model.
文摘Through the systematic analysis of the ground settlement generated by the process of shield tunneling,the relationships between ground deformation and construction parameters are studied in this paper.Based on the assumption of linear small deformation,a mathematical model of the relationship between ground deformation and construction parameters is set up.The principle and method of optimization for estimating ground deformation is studied.The actual measured data are compared with the results of theoretical analysis in a case.Considering different ground formations in different construction sites with different adverse effects on surface and underground structures,the ground surface deformations caused by shield tunneling is an aimed topic in this paper.The contributions and research implications are the revealed relationships between the ground deformation and the shield tunneling parameters during construction.
基金This work was supported by the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(project number:622RC723)the Education Department of Hainan Province(project number:Hnky2023-72).
文摘Students’grades not only serve as an effective indicator of their learning achievements but also to some extent reflect the completion of teaching tasks by the instructors.Currently,many universities across the country have collected and recorded various information about students and teachers in the school’s information management system,but it is only a simple storage record and has not effectively excavated hidden information,and data have not been fully utilized.Student performance information,enrolment information,course information,teaching plans,and teacher-related information are currently stored in separate databases,which are independent of each other,making it difficult to perform effective data analysis.Data warehousing technology can integrate various information and use data analysis software to excavate more high-value information,which is convenient for teaching evaluation and optimizing teaching strategies.Based on data warehousing technology,the article uses the hierarchical concept of data warehousing to construct the ODS layer,DWD layer,DWS layer and ETL layer.Facing the data warehousing topic,the article designs the data warehousing conceptual model,logical model,and physical model based on student performance,providing a model basis for later data mining.