Background: This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different feed enzymes(phytase,xylanase,β-glucanase) on release rate of trace elements(Fe,Cu,Mn and Zn) in 6 commonly used feedstuffs(corn,wheat,barley...Background: This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different feed enzymes(phytase,xylanase,β-glucanase) on release rate of trace elements(Fe,Cu,Mn and Zn) in 6 commonly used feedstuffs(corn,wheat,barley,soybean meal,wheat bran,wheat middlings) by using an in vitro model,simulating the digestive processes in stomach for 2 h and then in small intestine for 6 h at 39 °C.Results: Phytase raised(P < 0.05) the release rate of Cu and Zn in corn,Cu,Zn and Mn in wheat,Cu in barley,Cu,Zn and Mn in soybean meal,Zn,Fe in wheat bran and Zn,Fe,Mn in wheat middlings.The release rate of various trace elements in feedstuffs was increased after xylanase addition.Compared with the control group,the release rate of soluble Cu in corn,wheat,barley and soybean meal,soluble Zn in corn,wheat and wheat middlings and soluble of Mn in corn,wheat,barley and wheat bran increased(P < 0.05) after xylanase treatment.After the treatment of β-glucanase,the release rate of soluble Cu in corn,wheat and wheat bran,soluble Fe in barley,soybean meal and wheat bran and soluble Mn in corn and wheat bran all increased(P < 0.05) compared with the control group.In each feedstuff,after corresponding enzyme treatment,the contents of phytic acid,xylan and β-glucan were significantly lower than those of the control group(P < 0.05).Conclusions: Results showed that bound trace elements in feedstuffs can be released by feed enzymes.It may be necessary to take the trace elements in feedstuffs into account in the actual feed preparation including feed enzymes.展开更多
The gene sod in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans may play a crucial role in its tolerance to the extremely acidic, toxic and oxidative environment of bioleaching. For insight into the anti-toxic mechanism of the bacteri...The gene sod in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans may play a crucial role in its tolerance to the extremely acidic, toxic and oxidative environment of bioleaching. For insight into the anti-toxic mechanism of the bacteria, a three-dimensional (3D) molecular structure of the protein encoded by this gene was built by homology modeling techniques, refined by molecular dynamics simulations, assessed by PROFILE-3D and PROSTAT programs and its key residues were further detected by evolutionary trace analysis. Through these procedures, some trace residues were identified and spatially clustered. Among them, the residues of Asn38, Gly103 and Glu161 are randomly scattered throughout the mapped structure; interestingly, the other residues are all distinctly clustered in a subgroup near Fe atom. From these results, this gene can be confirmed at 3D level to encode the Fe-depending superoxide dismutase and subsequently play an anti-toxic role. Furthermore, the detected key residues around Fe binding site can be conjectured to be directly responsible for Fe binding and catalytic function.展开更多
Refractometric fiber optic sensors have a number of applications in industry due to advantages like remote sensing ability, compact size, easy to fit, etc. A refractometric sensor contains a pair of parallel fibers an...Refractometric fiber optic sensors have a number of applications in industry due to advantages like remote sensing ability, compact size, easy to fit, etc. A refractometric sensor contains a pair of parallel fibers and a gap between the sensor probe and reflector, wherein the liquid whose refractive index is to be measured is filled. This paper describes the importance of mathematical modeling of this sensor. Ray tracing approach is used to model the sensor mathematically. This mathematical model is generalized for any scenario which is useful to avoid tedious trial and error techniques to design the sensor prototype. Mathematical modelling is a useful tool to optimize the gap distance for a detection of refractive index of liquid. The model is developed and analyzed rigorously considering adulteration of diesel by kerosene where refractive index varies from 1.44 to 1.46. Simulation experiments are carried out to optimize the gap distance which is found to be 6.8 mm using both models. Experiments are carried out where sensor probe is fabricated and results are analyzed. It is observed that for suggested gap distance sensor output varies almost linear over the entire range.展开更多
Real vehicle tracking data play an important role in the research of routing in vehicle sensor networks. Most of the vehicle tracking data, however, were collected periodically and could not meet the requirements of r...Real vehicle tracking data play an important role in the research of routing in vehicle sensor networks. Most of the vehicle tracking data, however, were collected periodically and could not meet the requirements of real-time by many applications. Most of the existing trace interpolation algorithms use uniform interpolation methods and have low accuracy problem. From our observation, intersection vehicle status is critical to the vehicle movement. In this paper, we proposed a novel trace interpolation algorithm. Our algorithm used intersection vehicle movement modeling (IVMM) and velocity data mining (VDM) to assist the interpolation process. The algorithm is evaluated with real vehicle GPS data. Results show that our algorithm has much higher accuracy than traditional trace interpolation algorithms.展开更多
针对焊接锚垫板齿板锚固区配筋,提出了一种锚固区新型拉压杆模型。首先对齿板锚固区6种典型效应、主应力迹线以及力流平衡关系进行分析并建立新型拉压杆模型,其次通过美国国家公路与运输官员协会(American Association of State Highway...针对焊接锚垫板齿板锚固区配筋,提出了一种锚固区新型拉压杆模型。首先对齿板锚固区6种典型效应、主应力迹线以及力流平衡关系进行分析并建立新型拉压杆模型,其次通过美国国家公路与运输官员协会(American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials,AASHTO)Load-and-resistance Factor Design Bridge Design Specifications、Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary(ACI 318-19)、《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》(JTG 3362—2018)和欧洲设计建议Practical Design of Structural Concrete进行拉压杆模型参数定量化设计,根据拉压杆几何关系推导出焊接锚垫板齿板锚固区劈裂力计算式,利用有限元分析,拟合出焊接锚垫板下齿板锚固区劈裂力合力重心计算式。最后通过算例分析,按本文建议的拉压杆方法进行焊接锚垫板齿板锚固区结构配筋设计,能较好地控制锚下典型效应问题,相比《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》(JTG 3362—2018)给出的设计方法,拉压杆模型法能较好地反映结构传力机制且具备可行性和可应用性,可为焊接锚垫板齿板锚固区配筋设计提供参考。展开更多
针对机舱无线通信覆盖不全面、速度慢、不稳定等问题,该文基于射线跟踪方法构建了机舱环境第5代移动通信技术(5th generation mobile communication technology,5G)信道模型,并分析了信号覆盖能力及信道参数特性。首先,利用三角面元对...针对机舱无线通信覆盖不全面、速度慢、不稳定等问题,该文基于射线跟踪方法构建了机舱环境第5代移动通信技术(5th generation mobile communication technology,5G)信道模型,并分析了信号覆盖能力及信道参数特性。首先,利用三角面元对真实的机舱环境进行三维几何重构,以降低射线跟踪方法获取信道参数的复杂度;然后,结合分簇算法构建5G信道传播模型,进而分析了机舱环境下5G信号覆盖和通信性能。仿真分析结果表明,簇功率偏移和簇时延偏移服从高斯分布,簇到达方位角和簇到达俯仰角偏移服从拉普拉斯分布,同时发现,机舱环境中的密集散射体是影响5G信号覆盖范围的关键因素。上述结论可用于机舱环境5G基站的无线通信信号覆盖预测和多径参数评估等领域。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFD0501201)National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(No.31472102,No.31772607)Zhejiang Provincial Key Science Project(No.2015C03006)
文摘Background: This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different feed enzymes(phytase,xylanase,β-glucanase) on release rate of trace elements(Fe,Cu,Mn and Zn) in 6 commonly used feedstuffs(corn,wheat,barley,soybean meal,wheat bran,wheat middlings) by using an in vitro model,simulating the digestive processes in stomach for 2 h and then in small intestine for 6 h at 39 °C.Results: Phytase raised(P < 0.05) the release rate of Cu and Zn in corn,Cu,Zn and Mn in wheat,Cu in barley,Cu,Zn and Mn in soybean meal,Zn,Fe in wheat bran and Zn,Fe,Mn in wheat middlings.The release rate of various trace elements in feedstuffs was increased after xylanase addition.Compared with the control group,the release rate of soluble Cu in corn,wheat,barley and soybean meal,soluble Zn in corn,wheat and wheat middlings and soluble of Mn in corn,wheat,barley and wheat bran increased(P < 0.05) after xylanase treatment.After the treatment of β-glucanase,the release rate of soluble Cu in corn,wheat and wheat bran,soluble Fe in barley,soybean meal and wheat bran and soluble Mn in corn and wheat bran all increased(P < 0.05) compared with the control group.In each feedstuff,after corresponding enzyme treatment,the contents of phytic acid,xylan and β-glucan were significantly lower than those of the control group(P < 0.05).Conclusions: Results showed that bound trace elements in feedstuffs can be released by feed enzymes.It may be necessary to take the trace elements in feedstuffs into account in the actual feed preparation including feed enzymes.
基金Project(2004CB619201) supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject (50321402) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The gene sod in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans may play a crucial role in its tolerance to the extremely acidic, toxic and oxidative environment of bioleaching. For insight into the anti-toxic mechanism of the bacteria, a three-dimensional (3D) molecular structure of the protein encoded by this gene was built by homology modeling techniques, refined by molecular dynamics simulations, assessed by PROFILE-3D and PROSTAT programs and its key residues were further detected by evolutionary trace analysis. Through these procedures, some trace residues were identified and spatially clustered. Among them, the residues of Asn38, Gly103 and Glu161 are randomly scattered throughout the mapped structure; interestingly, the other residues are all distinctly clustered in a subgroup near Fe atom. From these results, this gene can be confirmed at 3D level to encode the Fe-depending superoxide dismutase and subsequently play an anti-toxic role. Furthermore, the detected key residues around Fe binding site can be conjectured to be directly responsible for Fe binding and catalytic function.
文摘Refractometric fiber optic sensors have a number of applications in industry due to advantages like remote sensing ability, compact size, easy to fit, etc. A refractometric sensor contains a pair of parallel fibers and a gap between the sensor probe and reflector, wherein the liquid whose refractive index is to be measured is filled. This paper describes the importance of mathematical modeling of this sensor. Ray tracing approach is used to model the sensor mathematically. This mathematical model is generalized for any scenario which is useful to avoid tedious trial and error techniques to design the sensor prototype. Mathematical modelling is a useful tool to optimize the gap distance for a detection of refractive index of liquid. The model is developed and analyzed rigorously considering adulteration of diesel by kerosene where refractive index varies from 1.44 to 1.46. Simulation experiments are carried out to optimize the gap distance which is found to be 6.8 mm using both models. Experiments are carried out where sensor probe is fabricated and results are analyzed. It is observed that for suggested gap distance sensor output varies almost linear over the entire range.
文摘Real vehicle tracking data play an important role in the research of routing in vehicle sensor networks. Most of the vehicle tracking data, however, were collected periodically and could not meet the requirements of real-time by many applications. Most of the existing trace interpolation algorithms use uniform interpolation methods and have low accuracy problem. From our observation, intersection vehicle status is critical to the vehicle movement. In this paper, we proposed a novel trace interpolation algorithm. Our algorithm used intersection vehicle movement modeling (IVMM) and velocity data mining (VDM) to assist the interpolation process. The algorithm is evaluated with real vehicle GPS data. Results show that our algorithm has much higher accuracy than traditional trace interpolation algorithms.
文摘针对焊接锚垫板齿板锚固区配筋,提出了一种锚固区新型拉压杆模型。首先对齿板锚固区6种典型效应、主应力迹线以及力流平衡关系进行分析并建立新型拉压杆模型,其次通过美国国家公路与运输官员协会(American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials,AASHTO)Load-and-resistance Factor Design Bridge Design Specifications、Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary(ACI 318-19)、《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》(JTG 3362—2018)和欧洲设计建议Practical Design of Structural Concrete进行拉压杆模型参数定量化设计,根据拉压杆几何关系推导出焊接锚垫板齿板锚固区劈裂力计算式,利用有限元分析,拟合出焊接锚垫板下齿板锚固区劈裂力合力重心计算式。最后通过算例分析,按本文建议的拉压杆方法进行焊接锚垫板齿板锚固区结构配筋设计,能较好地控制锚下典型效应问题,相比《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》(JTG 3362—2018)给出的设计方法,拉压杆模型法能较好地反映结构传力机制且具备可行性和可应用性,可为焊接锚垫板齿板锚固区配筋设计提供参考。
文摘针对机舱无线通信覆盖不全面、速度慢、不稳定等问题,该文基于射线跟踪方法构建了机舱环境第5代移动通信技术(5th generation mobile communication technology,5G)信道模型,并分析了信号覆盖能力及信道参数特性。首先,利用三角面元对真实的机舱环境进行三维几何重构,以降低射线跟踪方法获取信道参数的复杂度;然后,结合分簇算法构建5G信道传播模型,进而分析了机舱环境下5G信号覆盖和通信性能。仿真分析结果表明,簇功率偏移和簇时延偏移服从高斯分布,簇到达方位角和簇到达俯仰角偏移服从拉普拉斯分布,同时发现,机舱环境中的密集散射体是影响5G信号覆盖范围的关键因素。上述结论可用于机舱环境5G基站的无线通信信号覆盖预测和多径参数评估等领域。
