Adaptive state-constrained/model-free iterative sliding mode control for aerial robot trajectory tracking

This paper develops a novel hierarchical control strategy for improving the trajectory tracking capability of aerial robots under parameter uncertainties.The hierarchical control strategy is composed of an adaptive sliding mode controller and a model-free iterative sliding mode controller(MFISMC).A position controller is designed based on adaptive sliding mode control(SMC)to safely drive the aerial robot and ensure fast state convergence under external disturbances.Additionally,the MFISMC acts as an attitude controller to estimate the unmodeled dynamics without detailed knowledge of aerial robots.Then,the adaption laws are derived with the Lyapunov theory to guarantee the asymptotic tracking of the system state.Finally,to demonstrate the performance and robustness of the proposed control strategy,numerical simulations are carried out,which are also compared with other conventional strategies,such as proportional-integralderivative(PID),backstepping(BS),and SMC.The simulation results indicate that the proposed hierarchical control strategy can fulfill zero steady-state error and achieve faster convergence compared with conventional strategies.

Adaptive Gain Tuning Rule for Nonlinear Sliding-mode Speed Control of Encoderless Three-phase Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Motor

In this paper, an adaptive gain tuning rule is designed for the nonlinear sliding mode speed control(NSMSC) in order to enhance the dynamic performance and the robustness of the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor(PMa-Syn RM) with considering the parameter uncertainties. A nonlinear sliding surface whose parameters are altering with time is designed at first. The proposed NSMSC can minimize the settling time without any overshoot via utilizing a low damping ratio at starting along with a high damping ratio as the output approaches the target set-point. In addition, it eliminates the problem of the singularity with the upper bound of an uncertain term that is hard to be measured practically as well as ensures a rapid convergence in finite time, through employing a simple adaptation law. Moreover, for enhancing the system efficiency throughout the constant torque region, the control system utilizes the maximum torque per ampere technique. The nonlinear sliding surface stability is assured via employing Lyapunov stability theory. Furthermore, a simple sliding mode estimator is employed for estimating the system uncertainties. The stability analysis and the experimental results indicate the effectiveness along with feasibility of the proposed speed estimation and the NSMSC approach for a 1.1-k W PMa-Syn RM under different speed references, electrical and mechanical parameters disparities, and load disturbance conditions.

Model-Free Sliding Mode Control for PMSM Drive System Based on Ultra-Local Model

This paper presents a novel model-free sliding mode control(MFSMC)method to improve the speed response of permanent magnet synchronous machine(PMSM)drive system.The ultra-local model(ULM)is first derived based on the input and the output of the PMSM.Then,the novel MFSMC method is presented,and the controller is designed based on ULM and MFSMC.A sliding mode observer(SMO)is constructed to estimate the unknown part of the ULM.The estimated unknown part is feedbacked to MFSMC controller to performcompensation for parameter perturbations and external disturbances.Compared with the sliding mode control(SMC)method,the results of simulation and experiment demonstrate that the presented MFSMC method improves the dynamic response and robustness of the PMSM drive system.

Model predictive current control for PMSM driven by three-level inverter based on fractional sliding mode speed observer

Based on the fractional order theory and sliding mode control theory,a model prediction current control(MPCC)strategy based on fractional observer is proposed for the permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)driven by three-level inverter.Compared with the traditional sliding mode speed observer,the observer is very simple and eases to implement.Moreover,the observer reduces the ripple of the motor speed in high frequency range in an efficient way.To reduce the stator current ripple and improve the control performance of the torque and speed,the MPCC strategy is put forward,which can make PMSM MPCC system have better control performance,stronger robustness and good dynamic performance.The simulation results validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

PMSM speed control using adaptive sliding mode control based on an extended state observer

In this study,a composite strategy based on sliding-mode control( SMC) is employed in a permanent-magnet synchronous motor vector control system to improve the system robustness performance against parameter variations and load disturbances. To handle the intrinsic chattering of SMC,an adaptive law and an extended state observer( ESO) are utilized in the speed SMC controller design. The adaptive law is used to estimate the internal parameter variations and compensate for the disturbances caused by model uncertainty. In addition,the ESO is introduced to estimate the load disturbance in real time. The estimated value is used as a feed-forward compensator for the speed adaptive sliding-mode controller to further increase the system's ability to resist disturbances. The proposed composite method,which combines adaptive SMC( ASMC) and ESO,is compared with PI control and ASMC. Both the simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method alleviates the chattering of SMC systems and improves the dynamic response and robustness of the speed control system against disturbances.

Time delay control of hydraulic manipulators with continuous nonsingular terminal sliding mode

For the position tracking control of hydraulic manipulators,a novel method of time delay control(TDC) with continuous nonsingular terminal sliding mode(CNTSM) was proposed in this work.Complex dynamics of the hydraulic manipulator is approximately canceled by time delay estimation(TDE),which means the proposed method is model-free and no prior knowledge of the dynamics is required.Moreover,the CNTSM term with a fast-TSM-type reaching law ensures fast convergence and high-precision tracking control performance under heavy lumped uncertainties.Despite its considerable robustness against lumped uncertainties,the proposed control scheme is continuous and chattering-free and no pressure sensors are required in practical applications.Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that faster and higher-precision position tracking performance is achieved compared with the traditional CNTSM-based TDC method using boundary layers.

基于观测器的高速列车半主动悬架滑模容错控制

高速列车长期处于高强度、强干扰、长距离的运行环境中,悬架系统出现执行器故障等情况都会影响列车运行过程中的安全。针对此问题,提出了一种基于滑模观测器的滑模容错控制方法。首先,构建了含有执行器故障的高速列车横向动力学模型,设计了滑模观测器,对执行器未知故障值进行实时估计;然后,将故障估计值输入滑模控制器,设计了滑模变结构容错控制器,计算得出列车姿态平稳所需的等效输出阻尼力,以实现包含执行器故障的半主动悬架系统容错控制,并且结合Lyapunov稳定性理论对滑模容错控制器的稳定性进行了分析;最后,通过实验验证了所设计的滑模观测器能够使各变量观测值在0.3 s左右跟踪上实际值,跟踪精度达到90%左右,并且同样验证了所设计的滑模控制器相较于传统PID控制器在悬架发生执行器故障的情况下有更好的鲁棒性。

基于滑模观测器的高速PMSM无传感器控制

针对基于饱和函数滑模观测器方法存在调节参数多及低通滤波器带来的相位延迟问题,研究一种基于超螺旋算法的滑模观测器无传感器控制策略,通过理论推导及系统稳定性分析,设计了一种滑模系数根据转速变化在线调节的自适应滑模系数算法。通过实验验证了该方法相比于基于饱和函数滑模观测器,能在较宽速度范围内有效地抑制抖振,提高了无传感器控制系统的估计精度,简化了参数调节过程及滤波器设计环节。

PMSM无模型滑模转速无差拍电流预测控制

针对传统永磁电机调速系统易受到参数摄动影响而导致控制精度下降的问题,提出一种基于扩张状态观测器(ESO)的永磁同步电机(PMSM)无模型滑模转速无差拍电流预测控制策略。首先用参数摄动下的PMSM调速系统数学模型归纳出系统对应的超局部模型,然后结合无差拍预测控制思想设计了电流环控制器,采用两步预测算法解决了传统无差拍算法存在的延时问题,并且提出校正算法进一步抑制实际的预测误差;利用变速率指数滑模趋近率设计了新型无模型滑模速度控制器,减弱抖振的同时提高了系统响应速度;并设计ESO对参数失配和扰动进行估计和补偿。最后,通过仿真与半实物实验验证了所提控制策略的有效性。

永磁同步电机新型趋近律滑模控制器设计

针对传统指数趋近律因函数不连续性引起抖振、趋近速度与抖振抑制之间无法同时满足高性能控制系统要求的问题,提出基于系统状态变量的新型滑模趋近律,并应用于永磁同步电机速度、电流控制器中。趋近律引入系统状态变量幂次项和状态变量的双曲正弦值,使系统状态变量以等速和指数2种速率趋向切换面,可以加快系统到达切换面的速度,当系统接近切换面时,指数项接近于0,等速项开始起关键作用,对系统的抖振进行抑制。同时采用双曲正切开关函数替代符号函数,以去除因函数的不连续性所引起的抖振问题。既能提高系统到达滑模面的速度,又能有效抑制固有抖振,提升系统的动态性能。仿真和实验结果表明,新型趋近律相比于传统指数趋近律能够有效降低永磁同步电机启动时转速超调,提高系统的响应速度,抑制系统的抖振。

永磁同步电机非线性增益非奇异快速终端滑模控制

为了研究传统滑模控制中系统误差在有限时间内无法收敛至0以及传统滑模控制中系统抖振与收敛速度互不兼容的问题,提出一种非奇异快速终端滑模控制与扰动观测器结合的速度控制器。通过将参数可变的非线性函数作为增益代替固定增益加入滑模控制策略中从而改善系统响应速度同时减小系统的抖振。针对转矩扰动对系统的影响,加入负载转矩扰动观测器并补偿到q轴电流中以进一步提高控制器抗负载扰动能力。根据李雅普诺夫稳定性理论对提出的新型滑模控制器进行稳定性证明,经过仿真和实验证明,电机在启动时响应快、无超调且抖振较小,在突加转矩时转速波动小且恢复时间迅速,证明了改进后的变增益非奇异终端滑模控制与传统非奇异快速终端滑模控制策略相比可以提高动态性能的同时抑制系统抖振、增强系统的鲁棒性。

基于反步滑模方法的车辆纵向自适应控制

车辆纵向控制是自动驾驶研究的关键技术之一,建立了复杂的车辆纵向动力学模型,设计了合适的控制算法,并构造了控制器,提升了控制性能。首先,在考虑道路倾角、轮胎形变和车轮滑动等影响因素的基础上,建立了复杂的车辆纵向动力学模型;然后,综合运用自适应方法和反步滑模控制方法对所建模型设计控制器,并对控制系统的稳定性作了证明;最后,采用MATLAB/Simulink软件对控制系统进行仿真分析。研究结果表明:通过自适应反步滑模方法设计的控制器具有较好的稳定性,能够控制车辆以极小的误差以期望速度行驶。研究成果可为车辆自动驾驶及交通拥堵的缓解提供技术支撑。

应用于PMSM调速系统的改进超螺旋滑模控制

针对永磁同步电机(PMSM)易受外界扰动和参数不确定性的影响,此处设计了一种改进超螺旋滑模控制策略。该方法采用一种准滑动模态中的连续函数来替代符号函数,以克服传统滑模控制存在的抖振问题,并将比例控制和积分控制引入超螺旋滑模控制来提高控制系统对负载和参数变化的鲁棒性,采用Lyapunov函数对控制系统进行稳定性分析。实验结果表明,所设计的改进滑模控制器能有效抑制控制系统的抖振,实现控制系统的快速跟随和无超调工作,增强了系统的鲁棒性。

基于双环自适应滑模控制的高速列车运行追踪

针对列车高速运行跟踪控制问题,提出了一种基于双环结构的RBF神经网络自适应滑模控制算法。首先系统结构分为位移与速度控制子系统,防止列车因单个控制器故障而失控;在此基础上采用积分滑模控制,加强控制器的鲁棒性;同时在速度子系统中引入参数自适应算法与RBF神经网络自适应算法削弱列车受到基本阻力、附加阻力以及不确定性阻力带来的影响;最后通过Lyapunov稳定性分析证明系统的稳定性。通过仿真实验结果表明,位移误差在[-3.3×10^(-4),1.9×10^(-4)]范围以内,速度误差在[-2.1×10^(-2),3.1×10^(-2)]范围以内,该算法可以实现对列车的速度与位移精确追踪。

基于改进模糊滑模控制的列车速度跟踪研究

列车运行过程具有强耦合、非线性等特征,且往往存在较大且不可观测的外界干扰,这些特性加大了列车运行控制的难度,针对列车运行速度跟踪控制问题,提出一种新的模糊滑模控制器设计方法。首先基于模糊滑模控制,引入全局快速终端滑模控制,使系统在有限时间内达到稳态;然后构造以李亚普洛夫函数导数的绝对值为补偿的自适应干扰估计项,对外界干扰进行准确估计,进而提出一种双层递阶指数趋近全局快速终端模糊滑模控制器,并且引入指数趋近率来调节滑模面的动态品质,该控制器能快速收敛到稳定状态,且有效地消除了控制器的抖振情况;最后通过仿真算例验证了所提方法的有效性,且提高了列车运行控制系统性能。

高速列车离散径向基函数自适应鲁棒滑模网络控制方法

[目的]为实现列车牵引制动关键系统的可靠控制,同时抑制通信时延对列车控制产生的影响,针对高速列车关键网络系统提出一种离散RBF(径向基函数)自适应鲁棒滑模控制方法。[方法]介绍了高速列车牵引制动网络系统;设计了考虑时延分数项的自适应鲁棒滑模控制方法,并对其进行了稳定性分析;在测试平台上利用组态软件对所提离散RBF自适应鲁棒滑模控制方法进行联合仿真分析。[结果及结论]将离散系统中的时延分为整数项和分数项,在充分考虑时延分数项的基础上,推导出离散趋近律下的时延补偿滑模牵引制动力,其中的未知非线性函数利用具有自适应调节特性的RBF神经网络进行精确逼近。为抑制列车运行过程中受到的较强干扰,将基于干扰观测器的滑模牵引制动力融入模型中,以增强其抗干扰性能。所提离散RBF自适应鲁棒滑模控制方法在稳定性能和响应性能方面优于其他控制方法,具有更为理想的时延补偿效果和鲁棒性能。

抑制抖振的PMSM无位置传感器控制算法优化

在分析无位置传感器控制永磁同步电机(PMSM)发生高频抖振原因的基础上,文中提出对PMSM滑模观测器算法及起动控制进行优化,包括:使用双曲正切函数代替符号函数作为滑模面切换函数,基于李雅普诺夫理论的滑模增益整定,使用锁相环法代替反正切法估计转子位置等。针对PMSM全速域无位置传感器运行时电机低速起动位置估计困难的问题,提出恒电流频比(I/F)控制。考虑零速起动的PMSM由I/F控制转向滑模观测器控制切换时产生的电磁转矩不平稳,引入避免滑模观测器给定观测位置角差值发生波动的q轴电流系数,并制定转子电流控制新策略。仿真实验结果证明该方法相比传统方法能有效降低转速波动且转子位置角估算误差更小,验证了所提优化方法在抑制抖振方面的有效性。该算法可应用于智能制造领域,以有效抑制系统抖振问题,进而提升智能制造企业生产效益。

基于滑模干扰观测器的直线伺服系统滑模速度控制仿真研究

为了减小永磁同步直线电机伺服系统的速度跟踪误差,提出了一种基于滑模干扰观测器的滑模控制方法。首先,建立直线电机的数学模型。其次,针对直线电机具有参数时变、内部状态耦合的非线性特性,设计了滑模控制器。然后,考虑到直线电机伺服系统存在的多种扰动,设计了滑模干扰观测器用于估计扰动,并将观测器的扰动估计值作为速度控制器的前馈补偿,以消除扰动对系统的影响。最后的仿真结果表明,所提出的控制方法能提高直线电机速度控制系统的静态性能和抗干扰性。

基于扩展滑模扰动观测器的高速列车分布式速度协同滑模控制

针对高速列车运行中因受外界未知扰动而导致的各车厢速度不同步问题,提出一种基于扩展滑模扰动观测器的高速列车分布式滑模控制算法。首先,考虑高速列车运行的受力情况,建立高速列车多质点模型;其次,设计领航者车厢滑模控制器和跟随者车厢分布式滑模控制器,构建扩展滑模扰动观测器估计外界未知干扰,并反馈给分布式滑模控制器,以消除外界未知干扰对高速列车各车厢速度同步造成的影响,同时利用Lyapunov理论证明了算法的稳定性。最后,通过Matlab仿真验证了该算法能实时精确观测外界未知扰动并反馈补偿,跟随者车厢能快速跟踪领航者车厢的速度,速度跟踪精确度高达99.9%。