Analysis of GPS Technology in Surveying and Mapping Engineering Technology

With the rapid advancement of digital and information technology,global positioning system(GPS)technology has seen increasing utilization in surveying and mapping engineering,extending its application across land,ocean,and various other domains.By analyzing the technical means of GPS in surveying and mapping engineering,understanding the characteristics and key technologies in different application environments,and exploring the application process and key technical means,accurate control can be effectively realized.Based on this,this paper mainly analyzes the specific application of GPS technology in surveying and mapping engineering technology for reference.

Application of Three-dimensional Laser Scanning Technology in the Teaching Practice of Surveying and Mapping of Ancient Buildings

Based on the study of the application of three-dimensional laser scanning technology in ancient building surveying and mapping,this paper briefly describes the working principle and flow of three-dimensional laser scanning technology.Based on the practical application,this paper puts forward the discussion of related problems and matters needing attention.This has a certain reference significance for the study of new technology in surveying and mapping of ancient buildings.

Pollution source identification methods and remediation technologies of groundwater: A review

Groundwater is an important source of drinking water.Groundwater pollution severely endangers drinking water safety and sustainable social development.In the case of groundwater pollution,the top priority is to identify pollution sources,and accurate information on pollution sources is the premise of efficient remediation.Then,an appropriate pollution remediation scheme should be developed according to information on pollution sources,site conditions,and economic costs.The methods for identifying pollution sources mainly include geophysical exploration,geochemistry,isotopic tracing,and numerical modeling.Among these identification methods,only the numerical modeling can recognize various information on pollution sources,while other methods can only identify a certain aspect of pollution sources.The remediation technologies of groundwater can be divided into in-situ and ex-situ remediation technologies according to the remediation location.The in-situ remediation technologies enjoy low costs and a wide remediation range,but their remediation performance is prone to be affected by environmental conditions and cause secondary pollution.The ex-situ remediation technologies boast high remediation efficiency,high processing capacity,and high treatment concentration but suffer high costs.Different methods for pollution source identification and remediation technologies are applicable to different conditions.To achieve the expected identification and remediation results,it is feasible to combine several methods and technologies according to the actual hydrogeological conditions of contaminated sites and the nature of pollutants.Additionally,detailed knowledge about the hydrogeological conditions and stratigraphic structure of the contaminated site is the basis of all work regardless of the adopted identification methods or remediation technologies.

Effects of Finer Scale Soil Survey and Land-Use Classification on SWAT Hydrological Modelling Accuracy in Data-Poor Study Areas

The limited availability of high-quality spatial data often limits the development of hydrological modelling in developing countries. Hydrological models with data at different scales may generate large uncertainties in modelling outputs. This study analysed the accuracy of four SWAT built models that combine soil and land use/land cover (LULC) data at the scale of 1:250,000 and 1:100,000 in a basin of Mexico. SWAT model allowed determining that large-scale maps produced better results than data from small-scale. Sensitivity analysis with different soil data was less than LULC data. However, the small-scale can be used for exploratory purposes when testing SWAT performance.

Analysis of Digital Elevation Model and LNDSAT Data Using Geographic Information System for Soil Mapping in Urban Areas

This study applies digital analysis methods of topographic data derived from digital elevation models (DEMs) and Landsat remotely sensed spectral data using GIS tools to evaluate the quality and limitations of the morphometric parameters (terrain attributes: TAs). This aims to check its suitability for digital soil mapping (DSM) and survey in urban areas at the target scale 1:50,000. This scale represents the standard scale level for compiling soil inventories within all German states. The study is conducted on an urban area of 112.68 km2 in the southwest part of the state of Berlin in Germany. These relief units are the basis for determining the soil mapping units at the scale of 1:50,000. The generated preliminary soil map was compared to soil maps made using traditional soil survey methods. For the mainly natural soils, the equivalence area is 94.91%, and for the anthropogenic soils, the equivalence area is 95.34%. The proposed methodology is adequate for preliminary mapping of soil units based on the digital derivation of TAs. Landsat scenes are spatially explicit, physical representations of environmental covariates on the land surface. The free DEM-ASTER in combination with Landsat OLI images is found to be the appropriate model to represent the terrain surface and derive the TAs for environmental modeling and fitting of derivation the relief units and their topography features. However, the 30 m spatial resolution and the fairly coarse spectral resolution of DEMs and Landsat images limit their utility for digital soil mapping at this scale in urban areas with little topographic variation.

用户偏好-制造商偏好双重视阈下的产品创新机会识别路径研究

精准识别产品创新机会对制造商规避盲目创新风险,持续获取竞争优势至关重要。针对现有产品创新机会识别研究中因视角单一致使制造商价值创造的效率难以最大化,以及识别的创新机会聚焦度不清晰等诸多问题,基于用户偏好制造商偏好双重视阈构建了产品创新机会识别路径。首先,运用结构主题模型从用户在线评论和产品描述文本中分别提取用户偏好及制造商偏好的产品属性主题;其次,基于两类主题之间的相似度进行主题分类以获取具象产品的创新需求;再次,从现有相关专利中提取创新要素并依托多维技术创新地图识别产品创新机会;最后,以老年智能手环靶向开展产品创新机会识别为例,验证了所提路径的可行性。应用结果表明,构建的用户偏好制造商偏好双重视阈下的产品创新机会识别路径能够为制造商高效开展产品创新活动提供可资借鉴的决策理论支持。

基于无人机PPK技术在免像控条件下山区光伏地形图的生产

针对光伏场区高差大、部分区域植被覆盖、通信信号弱的特点,本文提出了一种基于动态后处理技术(PPK)在免像控条件下航测光伏地形图生产的方法。该方法首先在免像控的条件下对航测获取的无人机影像定位测姿系统(POS)数据和点云数据进行PPK解算;然后利用点云后处理、影像空中三角测量、数字微分纠正等技术生成高精度数字高程模型(DEM)和数字正射影像(DOM)成果;最后利用DEM和DOM成果构建三维模型,实现地形图生产。利用两个典型应用实例,验证了该方法可完全满足光伏地形图的精度要求。

基于图表映射融合技术的大电网运行业务平台化人机交互设计

为更好满足大电网运行业务中高效感知电网状态的需求,开展了软件前后端数据组织和接口设计方面的研究。在融合海量人机交互技术关键要素的基础上,提出一种大电网分析模型图模一体化与多关系表数据映射与融合的平台化技术方案,并通过2669个厂站大电网案例验证方法的有效性。结果表明,所提方法在实现诸多功能需求基础上具备较高的模型检索效率与优秀的前端渲染性能,可为大电网运行业务人机交互设计提供参考。

基于精细化数据的广州市番禺区内涝淹没风险研究

[目的]利用精细化测绘调查数据开展城市降雨径流过程模拟,旨在盘活国土资源数据资产和促进城市内涝风险精准管控。[方法]以广东省广州市番禺区为研究区,基于高精度的地形和建筑数据,采用SCS-CN径流模型和GIS技术,模拟不同强度暴雨情境下的城市内涝淹没深度,定量分析研究区内涝淹没风险空间分布特征,同时结合承灾体灾损经验模型,对洪灾损失风险进行评估,识别高发易损规划管理单元。[结果]①番禺区内涝淹没风险区空间上呈现河涌与城市低洼地区聚集状态,临近市桥—沙湾水道、三枝香—大石水道的街镇存在着较高的淹没风险。②随着暴雨强度增加,农业用地和建设用地将受到最严重的影响。③在100a一遇暴雨情形下,番禺区4个规划管理单元处于高损失风险,损失主要来自住宅建筑,而处于中等损失风险的单元主要面临农业耕地淹没损失。[结论]通过精细化的测绘数据建模,从地块级别成功识别了番禺区潜在易淹没高损失区域,与实际情况较为符合,提高了风险研判的精细度,能够为城市内涝治理和海绵城市规划建设高质量发展提供技术支持。

3D虚拟仿真技术在服装设计中的应用

文章主要探讨了3D虚拟仿真技术在服装设计中的应用。首先介绍了研究的背景、目的和意义,接着概述了服装设计的定义、特点和传统方法。然后详细介绍了3D虚拟仿真技术原理,包括3D建模技术、材质与纹理映射技术以及光照与渲染技术。接着研究了3D虚拟仿真技术在服装设计中的应用,包括在服装设计流程、服装样衣设计和服装配饰设计中的具体应用。

工程测绘中无人机遥感测绘技术的应用研究

随着科技的飞速发展,无人机技术已经逐渐渗透到各个行业领域,成为现代科技进步的一个重要标志。在工程测绘领域,传统的测绘方法往往耗时耗力,且存在一定的安全风险。而无人机遥感测绘技术的出现,为工程测绘带来了革命性的变革。因此,旨在深入研究工程测绘中无人机遥感测绘技术的应用,探讨其面临的困境与挑战,并提出相应的发展策略和建议。

3D激光扫描技术在不动产测绘中的应用与挑战

利用3D激光扫描技术,通过发射激光到目标物体并接收反射光来获取精确的三维数据。这项技术以其高精度、高速度和能够捕捉复杂结构的优势,正在不动产测绘领域中发挥重要作用。在建筑物三维建模、宗地测量和房屋测绘等应用中,3D激光扫描展现了其独特的优势。然而,3D激光扫描技术的应用面临数据处理难度大、扫描精度受限、成本较高和技术普及度不足等挑战。

GIS技术和数字测绘技术在矿山测量中的应用研究

为了提高矿山地质勘查的精度,减轻地质勘查人员的工作负担,本文在地质勘查技术的基础上,论述了CIS数字地质勘查技术。在此基础上,提出了利用三维GIS技术,构建三维GIS,构建地理信息系统,实现信息的数字化。通过对矿山CIS数字制图技术的研究,提出了矿山CIS数字制图技术的几点建议,提高了矿山地质测量的精度。

数字化测绘技术在工程测量中的应用研究

数字化测绘技术的快速发展为工程测量提供了更高效、精确和可靠的解决方案。文章将重点讨论数字化测绘技术在工程测量中的应用,包括三维建模、地形分析和测量数据处理等方面,并结合公式和数据对其进行实证研究。通过本研究,可以更好地了解数字化测绘技术在工程测量中的应用,并为相关领域的从业人员提供参考和指导。

基于机器视觉传达的室内空间环境设计

以获得更具视觉感染力、冲击性的室内空间设计效果,提出基于机器视觉传达的室内空间环境设计方法。利用鱼眼相机获取室内空间环境全景图像,在空间环境布局元素标定的基础上,完成室内空间环境视觉信息的获取后,通过3ds Max三维模型构建软件将其转换到三维虚拟VR环境之中,生成初始室内空间环境三维模型后,再对其作分割等处理,并经过纹理贴图后实现室内空间环境三维建模,再利用3ds Max工具以及OpenGL技术实现三维模型的渲染以及可视化呈现。实验结果表明:该方法可实现室内空间环境布局元素标定,标定误差为7.2%;可实现室内空间环境设计,渲染后模型视觉效果显著提升。

国潮兴起下消费者在线评论的主题分析研究——以国货护肤品为例

基于中国综合国力增强、经济快速发展、科技创新水平提升、国货品质提高、民众文化自信提高多重因素的影响,国货消费高速发展,其中国货护肤彩妆行业的表现尤为突出。本文基于淘宝和京东两大电商平台的文本评论数据,通过情感分析和主题分析提取评论主题词,了解消费者对国货护肤品牌的评价。结果显示:消费者对国货护肤品整体表现出积极正向的态度,重视购物体验、个体皮肤差异、店铺服务、皮肤问题和使用体验五个方面;负面评价主要集中在产品效果及购物体验两方面。同时,本文通过挖掘消费者对购买国货护肤品的需求重点,以期对国货品牌的产品及在电商平台的服务质量提供改进建议,以供参考。

倾斜三维模型大比例尺城市地形图测绘的应用

传统的城市地形测绘往往依赖于航空摄影、激光雷达等技术手段,虽然可以获取大范围的地形数据,但在地形细节和建筑物表面质地等方面存在一定的局限性。而倾斜摄影测量技术的出现,为解决这一问题提供了新的思路,通过倾斜摄影系统,可以在航拍过程中获取多个视角的高分辨率影像,结合后续的数据处理和建模技术,实现对城市地形和建筑物的精细化测绘和三维重建。目前已得到广泛应用,取得了很好的经济效益和社会效益。

基于BOPPPS教学模型的卡诺图化简法探讨

文章以“数字电子技术”中卡诺图化简法为例,遵循BOPPPS教学模型的六个环节,从导入、目标、前测、参与式学习、后测、总结对化简原理及方法等展开教学设计,运用启发式、讨论式、对比学习等教学方法,分解教学过程,让学员全方位参与学习,及时反馈学习效果,达成教学目标,提升教学成效。

数字化测绘新技术在建筑工程中的应用

数字化测绘技术作为一种新兴的技术手段,已经被广泛地应用于建筑工程领域。数字化测绘技术可以对建筑物的空间位置和尺寸进行精确测量,从而为建筑设计、施工、管理等方面提供有力的支持。同时,数字化测绘技术还可以提高工作效率,减少人力成本以及降低误差率等。因此,数字化测绘技术的应用具有重要的意义和价值。文章从数字化测绘新技术概述及特点出发,结合实际分析了该技术的应用,以期更好地推动数字化测绘技术在建筑工程领域的应用和发展。

无人机技术在大面积建筑物高度测量中的应用

基于倾斜摄影测量原理,以天津市滨海新区某地区为研究区域,采用大疆公司Phantom 4 RTK无人机航摄系统获取测区影像数据,利用ContextCapture(Smart 3D)软件构建三维实体模型,并使用EPS软件进行模型空间信息的采集绘制工作,完成大比例尺地形图同时量取测区范围内所有房屋建筑物的高度。最后均匀选取部分点位与全站仪测量点位数据进行精度对比分析,得到平面点位误差均小于0.1 m,并计算出平面中误差为0.087 m,高度中误差为0.044 m,符合规范的要求,证明了技术的可行性。