Artistic Classical Chinese Gardens and Construction of Poetic Images in Modern Landscape

With regard to the artistic features of classical Chinese gardens,its ubiquitous poetic scenery is represented through the aspects of spatial sequence,landscape layout,hill piling and waterways dredging,plant configuration,architecture creation as well as various elements in classical garden.Emphasis is given to the close relationship between it and the traditional Chinese poetry and drawing,as it is resulted from the cultural feature of artistic classical garden and as art-and conception-centered as poetry and drawing.The connotation of conception is also analyzed,that is,inter-dependence,imaginary-real design,and correlation.Moreover,reality-and conception-centered methods in classical Chinese gardens are also introduced along with other conception creating methods such as configuration,view borrowing,empathy and symbolism.On this basis,discussion about key elements in conception creation in modern landscape design is carried out while emphasizing the understanding of environment,practice,experience,and method,so as to demonstrate the sense of place and create spatial artistic beauty through wider means.

Foreign Landscape Architecture History Teaching by Introducing Three-dimensional Graphic Analysis:A Case Study of Italian Renaissance Gardens

Taking contents of Italian Renaissance gardens in the course Foreign Landscape Architecture History as an example,this paper introduces case teaching method and analyzes application of three-dimensional graphic analysis method in case teaching in detail,aiming at typical cases of Italian Renaissance gardens,namely,Villa Medici,Fiesole and Villa d’Este,Tivoli.Three-dimensional graphic analysis can help students form intuitive feeling of terrain and space,further understand the typical gardening techniques of foreign gardens,so as to improve the teaching effect of landscape architecture history course.

Negative Landscape Renaissance Driven by the Construction of Modern Garden City

Based on garden city theory,the paper has analyzed the evolution of the idea of modern garden city,and proposed a road for landscape renaissance based on negative landscape.In the perspective of typical negative landscape of ecological damage type and functional change type,by taking urban ecological wetland park planning of Shiling Town in Chengdu City and reconstruction of Beijing 798 Industrial Area into an art area,it considers that negative landscape regeneration is not landscape regeneration simply,but the regeneration of human living environment,and cultural regeneration of humanistic spirit from material regeneration.It is the further development of garden city theory.

Creation of Visual Beauty in Modern Garden Landscape Space

Four aspects of elements of the landscape spatial pattern are elaborated, that is, point-line-surface-object, form, color, texture, aesthetic characteristics of modern garden landscape space were specifically analyzed, and from the perspective of the artistic component, expression ways of its visual image are studied.

Landscape Pattern Optimization of Chengdu Based on Modern Garden City

TOptimization of regional landscape pattern is significant for improving function and value of ecosystem,and restraining the expansion of urban layout.Taking Chengdu City for example,this paper applied RS and GIS techniques,landscape indexes and ecological service function evaluation to further analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of landscape pattern and spatial differences of regional ecological functions,and on this basis,identified the spatial distribution of ecological source lands.Based on the long-term objective of building Chengdu into a modem garden city,this paper applied the accumulative cost distance model and introduced garden city theory to construct regional ecological corridors and ecological nodes,and explored the approaches of optimizing landscape pattern of modem garden city.The results showed that a great deal of arable land has been transferred to construction land in the urbanization;intensity of regional ecological functions showed obvious spatial differences;ecological source lands were mainly distributed in the Longmen Mountain,the Qionglai Mountain,the Changqiu Mountain and the Longquan Mountain;according to actual conditions of the study area,the road ecological corridors,river corridors and agricultural corridors in the layout of "four rings and six radial corridors" were constructed;ecological nodes dominated by intersection,wetland and forest park were formed.This research method and results are significant references for building Chengdu into a modem garden

Flexible Application of Traditional Landscape Elements in Modern Landscape Design

Through comparing differences between modern and traditional gardens, analyzing traditional landscaping elements and design ideas, combining with the multiple manifestation forms of modern designs, it is proposed that the essence of traditional Chinese and overseas garden designs should be inherited and developed, modern design concepts should be utilized to create diversified landscapes that satisfy the demands of modern society, so as to conclude flexible landscape design techniques with the essence of both traditional and contemporary garden designs.

Style Comparison between Chinese Classical Garden and Modern Landscape

Styles between Chinese classical gardens and modern landscapes were compared in this paper from the perspective of thought,functions,garden buildings,plant scenery and small garden ornaments.

Enlightenments of “White Space” in Traditional Chinese Painting on Landscape Architecture Design

By analyzing different expressions of "white space" in classical and modern Chinese gardens, the authors proposed that "white space" theory has infiltrated in graphic and spatial designs and has been widely applied in spatial layouts of gardens. On the basis of elaborating conceptual origin, characteristics and its connotations in the creation of artistic ambience, "white space" was believed valuable and enlightening for the artistic creation of modern landscape architecture.

Planning and Design of "Garden City" in the North Zone of Qionglai City in China

By taking the north zone of Qionglai City constructing "world modern garden city" for example, the paper analyzed the concept of garden city, location situation and development of Qionglai City. After analysis of tourist location advantage of Qionglai City, the vital significance for overall layout of urban landscape was emphasized. Furthermore, strategies for concept planning of the north zone of Qionglai City had been illustrated from the perspectives of landscape shaping, ecological landscape and green land system structure. It emphasized that the overall landscape should be guided by "city in the field and garden in the city", pay attention to co-existence between ecological group garden and aggregation group, and highlight resources advantage of collection area of ecological landscapes. In terms of landscape shaping, it stressed unity, ecology, regionality and character. In terms of characteristic creation, discussion had been conducted from three aspects which were garden city demonstration line, residential landscape and waterfront shoreline. It emphasized that, during construction of world modern garden city, it should make the main line of city image clear, respect culture; well deal with the relations between city and village, between human and environment, and between function and image; and build livable ecological urban place, so as to protect environment, explore city feature and build city image.

“森列”与“饾饤”:南宋园林假山营造的两种类型及其结合发展

现有中国园林史研究已经认识到南宋是园林中石假山营造得到重要发展的时期,然而南宋园林假山营造的具体方式及其形态特点尚未得到有效探讨。在深入研读相关文献与图像的基础上,结合历史来源与后世影响,探讨南宋园林假山营造的类型及其发展。首先从“置”与“叠”2种基本方式出发,在历史语境中探讨“森列”与“饾饤”这2类南宋常见的假山营造类型及其来源与影响;进而关注二者在仿“飞来峰”营造中的结合与发展,从而更清晰地认识南宋,乃至其后的石假山营造。这一研究将对其后中国园林假山发展的认识,乃至当代假山特点的理解提供坚实的历史理论基础。

云窟:网师园历史时空中的观与照

园林是中国文人的精神归宿和艺术集成。以网师园为历史基底和空间载体,实验性设计作品“云窟”以“冰裂纹”几何图形的三维数字生成及对山石云起之形态的空间再现,用轻质透明材料构筑了一处文化装置。意于网师园历史文化时空图景中,借由古典语境对话现代技术的“多元时空体文本”,表达时间层序与空间图景的时空因对与古今观照。该作品受邀参展于威尼斯举办的欧洲文化中心2023“时间-空间-存在”建筑双年展,激发了全球语境下关于文化形态的历时性交互和多样态共存的探讨。

当代江南私家园林中传统山水营造的传承与发展

【目的】当代江南地区的私家园林正在持续繁荣发展之中,因它对营造传统的继承与发展最为紧密地结合着生活现实而具有认知价值,需要探究其兴造状况、面貌特点、方法取向等方面的问题,改变相关学术研究还较为缺乏的局面。【方法】结合文献、考察、访谈等多方面资料,从理论、现状、营造3个层面对当代江南私家园林中传统山水营造的传承与发展进行初步探讨。【结果】基本理论层面,私家园林的概念范围应包含更大量的民间自发造园,形态以相对小型的庭园为多,核心特征是以叠山理石为显著标志的山水营造;兴造现状层面,当代江南私家园林自改革开放以后复苏,近年趋向全面兴盛,山水营造也是其中显著特征;具体营造层面,既有对叠山理石传统的丰富传承,也有新思路的引入而使传统得到创新发展。【结论】对当代江南私家园林中传统山水营造的传承与发展的认识,不仅可加深对现实的理解,也可为更大范围的当代风景园林实践提供极具活力的源泉。

树、丘陵和没有红绿灯的丁字路 深圳华侨城的花园城市模式溯源

极具热带特征的丰富的多层次城市绿化、起伏有致的自然地形、人性化尺度的道路带来饶有趣味的步行体验、组团功能各异却共存共荣,这是深圳华侨城给人留下的第一印象,也是华侨城集团卓越的片区综合开发能力的展示。作为20世纪80年代中期由单一企业开发的知名“花园城市”、深圳的“城中之城”,深圳华侨城的空间特征的形成,既源于早期设计师和开拓者对自然的尊重与喜爱、对新加坡花园城市原型的追随、对桥头堡式良好投资环境的塑造,也源于经济地理条件的约束、旷日持久的土地产权谈判和开发时机的把握,以及规划方案对长期开发建设的弹性包容和整体把控。通过档案研究与访谈,文章力图总结80年代以来政治经济目标与设计理念互动之下的新城建设实践,并以深圳华侨城作为个案,探究其核心的花园城市设计的几个关键要素:城市绿化、自然的人工保留、路网和组团组织,以及城市性和公共性的生成。

中山纪念与市政改良:岭南近代中山公园的创建

20世纪二三十年代,中国政府把对于孙中山先生的纪念跟市政建设结合在一起,一系列中山纪念建筑或空间场所在全国各地大量涌现,其中以中山公园的分布最为广泛,而岭南地区尤为突出。选取岭南近代59座中山公园为研究对象,通过文献调研回溯中山公园创建的缘起,并从筹建与选址、空间的建构及功能多样化三方面论述其营建特征。研究表明:1)中山公园经历了从中山纪念到与市政治理结合的过程;2)中山公园在筹建方式上表现为政府与市民的共同参与,它们多选址山水形胜处,且部分位于城市中轴线上;3)中山公园通过空间建构积极推广了孙中山符号,赋予了城市公共空间新的内涵;4)中山公园采取了功能化的空间配置方法。研究结果有助于深入理解岭南近代中山公园的营建逻辑及岭南园林的现代化发展历程,同时也能为当今纪念性公园的建设提供思路。

泰山灵岩寺园林格局营建研究

泰山灵岩寺是现存唐宋山地佛寺中处理“寺-山”关系的规划设计重要案例,也是泰山风景名胜体系的重要组成部分,其相应的园林格局营建过程、方法和逻辑需要深入探究。灵岩寺园林营建受独特的山水格局影响,逐渐形成了以“背方山、面象山”的寺院为核心、方山内外风景点环绕、面积广阔的园林格局。通过实地调研、史料梳理和图像分析,首先发现灵岩峪具有2层山势环抱、山泉散点分布的山水格局;其次将灵岩寺园林格局的营建过程分为草创期、成形期、丰富期和修复期,并分析其不同时期的营建方法与格局特征;最后总结出灵岩寺园林格局的营建逻辑和4条营建经验。以期提供传统山地寺庙园林规划设计的历史经验,为泰山风景名胜遗产保护提供历史依据。

寻找消失的遗产:基于多重证据的湮废园林复原研究方法

【目的】湮废园林涉及历史上因各种原因消失的园林,以及现存园林经重大改变前的早期风貌。中国园林早期的历史风貌是中国风景园林遗产的重要组成部分,其复原研究是风景园林历史理论研究的核心领域。【方法】探索多重证据在湮废园林复原研究中的运用:首先将复原证据分为现场实存、遗址考古、诗文文献、绘画图像、口述证言、相关实存和造园理论7种类型,按性质可分为实物证据、文献证据和言辞证据,按关联性可分为直接证据和间接证据;进而逐一辨析7类证据的特点,结合实例分析它们在复原研究中的应用。【结果】指出湮废园林复原过程中应注意证据的可用性与可靠性,关注证据之间的相互印证和证据的持续更新。【结论】尝试建立一套依据可靠、过程可操作的研究方法,为湮废园林复原研究提供方法论的参考。

花木生产与园林营造:清末广州花地的生产性景观及其公共化

清末广州花地在中西文化交流史、贸易史、植物史上扮演着重要角色。十三行外贸时期,作为广州观赏植物的培育与产销基地,花地是清政府特许西方人可以游憩的地方之一,也是西方植物学家获取中国植物样本的主要来源地。以现状为基础,综合应用文献资料与历史地图,对比考证花地的河涌分布,复原清末花地园圃的历史空间格局,并进一步梳理了花地花木培育、销售等生产性景观的形成,以及私园化、公共化的发展趋势。研究表明:在繁荣的中西贸易与园事活动推动下,清末广州花地形成了以河涌为地理基础,以花圩为展销地,数十处苗圃花园集合的独特生产性景观。中西人士频繁开展的赏游活动推动了花地的私园营造与公共化,促使园林成为公共活动、文化和知识生产的主要空间场所。

基于历史文化传承的街区园林景观设计研究

老旧街区园林景观设计大多数都存在历史韵味,不单单是为了美化城市,更是对本土历史文化的有机传承。文章以街区园林景观设计为研究对象,分析了目前城市街区园林景观设计中存在的问题;结合老旧街区现状,提出了真实性、完整性、延续性景观设计原则;并从设计思路、设计功能、设计形式等方面提出了基于历史文化传承的街区园林景观设计策略,旨在为老旧街区景观更新设计提供参考建议。

清晏园修复管理方法及可持续性发展可行性研究

清晏园是淮安市最具古典特色的休憩园林,承载着治水历史、运河水运和淮安市兴衰历程。本研究以清晏园自身特色为切入点,采用多种方法进行实地调研和数据分析,提出可持续发展建议。研究发现,清晏园景观、建筑、植物状态良好,受当地人欢迎,但缺乏在游客以及非当地居民中的知名度。身为衙署园林,清晏园与治水、运河文化紧密相连,将其与运河文化风光带整合,打造一体化旅游产业,有助于传承运河文化,提升区域大众对城市的认同感。对比知名苏州园林,清晏园在宣传策略和活动组织方面仍有待提升,应积极策划并举办一系列群众参与度高、互动性强的活动,通过此类举措,不仅能够吸引更多游客,还能有效提升清晏园在公众心目中的知名度和美誉度。

现代园林设计建设中木塑复合材料的应用研究进展

基于环境保护和可持续发展的考虑,木塑复合材料(WPC)作为一种来源广泛、易加工、耐候性好、经济环保的材料,在现代园林设计建设中得到广泛应用。该文介绍了WPC的基本概念和特点,综述了其在园林场地铺装、园林设施设计和园林建筑中的应用研究进展,并对其在园林设计建设中的未来发展进行展望。