The Rise of Women’s Education and the Modernity of East Asia:Focusing on the Education of“Virtuous Wives and Worthy Mothers”in China and Japan

This year marks the 50th anniversary of the normalization of diplomatic relations between China and Japan.Looking back on the past and forward to the future,we realize modernity has become a critical issue that not only China and Japan,but the whole East Asian region should pay attention to.China and Japan are both within the“Circle of Confucius Culture”and are both modern latecomer countries.As they were coerced by western countries to enter the modern age,they shared multiple common features.An exploration of the two countries’respective rising of modern women’s education is an important path to discuss the reconstruction of gender and an important method of the course of the embodiment of east-Asian women into modernization drives.With regards to conclusion,entering the modern age,Chinese and Japanese intellectuals reshaped the female gender in terms of interpersonal relationship,value system,and knowledge structure by advocating the idea of“virtuous wives and worthy mothers”education.In the concept of virtuous wives and worthy mothers in East Asia,the Confucian ethics of“docility and virtue”is the soul,and modern scientific knowledge serves this core value.On the other hand,in the course of localization in China and Japan,this imported concept from the West has encountered a completely different historical fate.

Returning Women's Rights to Human Rights——Reflection of feminism in modern China

The women＇s liberation movement in China started after the first opium war and it took shape with the aim of protecting the race and salvaging the country. Doubtlessly, the emergence of modern feminism opened the precedent in the theory of women＇s liberation in China and exerted a profound and far-reaching influence on women＇s liberation afterwards. But we must face up to the fact that there was some traps or misunderstanding of modern feminism, which were unfavorable for realizing women＇s rights and such influence was long, so much so that till today we are still seeing its existence. It is, therefore, necessary to have a full reflection of modem feminism, unveil the original meaning of women＇s rights and make women＇s rights return to human rights in order to make the development of women＇s fights continue.

书写母亲的历史——二战后日本国民历史学运动与妇女史的实践

第二次世界大战之后,日本左翼思潮兴起,马克思主义的影响尤为重要。由马克思主义史家石母田正领导的国民历史学运动便是一例。这一运动倡导知识分子协助民众,书写工人、农民等民众的历史,进而重构日本历史的主体。在国民历史学运动中,妇女史书写是重要的组成部分,而“母亲的历史”的书写又是最为核心的内容。通过书写母亲的历史这一史学实践,国民历史学运动从立场、方法、资料等多个维度拓展了日本近现代史学发展的空间。

Rising Women's Occupations in Modern Times

IN traditional Chinese society, having an occupation, as a means of making a living, was the "privilege" of women at lower levels of society. Married and unmarried women who had servants were sneered at if they had an occupation. The work that lower class women did was generally related to production and labor, market exchange, communications

Yi Women's Modern Style

The Yi live on the plateaus and hills of southwest China In (?)In the Liangshan women wear a square shaped headpiece or long headband. loose blouse with embroidered brims. and folded ankle-length skirt. In neighboring Yunnan Province. however. Yi dress is heavily influenced

Women's Dress In Modern China (3)

CHINA’s Revolution of 1911 was followed closely by a clothing revolution sparked from the politics of the period. Simply stated, the Revolution of 1911 brought an end to dress being the mark of social status. Closer scrutiny of the form and style of clothing reveals that striking changes took place between the 1920s-1930s.

Women's Dress in Modern China (2)

THE changes in collars, sleeves and lace of women’s clothing should be regarded as changes in form. But the early 20th century also saw changes in the ideology of and attitudes towards women’s fashions. The first striking change was that women began to adopt men’s fashions. Some women who struggled for emancipation chose to dress as men in order to change the image of women as delicate and frail. Around 1903, Qiu Jin, a famous woman fighter of the Chinese democratic revolution, lived in Beijing. A Japanese friend was deeply impressed

Women's Dress in Modern China(1)

IN China, modem times are considered "the period of tremendous change." In this period, the influence of the Manchu nationality and the influx of western culture led to changes in women’s fashions.

从依附走向自主:近代中国女性主体意识觉醒的历史轨迹

近代中国女性主体意识觉醒是近代中国由传统的农业宗法社会向现代工商社会转型过程中的产物。它萌蘖于戊戌维新时期,至辛亥革命时期获得了真正觉醒。其显著标志是自立自尊的人格观念、自由平等的权利意识和救亡强国的社会意识在一批先进女性中自觉确立。女性主体意识的确立与发展,不仅在近代中国妇女解放史上产生了深远影响,而且对当代女性运动的发展也颇有启发和借鉴意义。

赛珍珠的中国妇女观——对《大地》三部曲的女性主义解读

赛珍珠是鼓吹妇女解放的先驱者之一。《大地》三部曲描写了随着时代的变化,中国妇女在解放道路上所取得的进步和她们自身思想的变化历程,反映了赛珍珠的中国妇女现。赛珍珠大体上把中国妇女分为传统妇女和现代妇女两类,并揭示了她们不同的主体性。她赞美传统妇女的传统美德,但更珍视现代妇女的现代美德。正是后者指引着中国妇女解放的方向,体现了赛珍珠的女性主义思想。

女性意识觉醒之心路——浅谈20世纪八九十年代中国女性文学

20世纪八九十年代以来女性文学在中国文坛独领风骚。女性文学的文本风貌可用一个公式来表述,那就是社会生活化———生活个人化———个人心灵化。八九十年代的女性文学,走过了一条争取被男权文化接纳、建构女性联盟、解构男权文化的心灵之路。女性文学的主流对男权文化堤坝产生着强大的冲决力,也对女性自我解放产生着不可缺少的提升作用。

她们的痛苦向谁诉说——解读《时时刻刻》中的女性生活

运用文本细读方法,解读《时时刻刻》中的女性生活。认为美国小说家迈克尔.坎宁安(Michael Cunningham)在他的小说《时时刻刻》中运用意识流的手法讲述了20世纪不同时代三位女性一天的生活,在这一天中她们遇到无数的烦恼并经历着难以诉说的痛苦。小说所反映出的女性生活的痛苦是值得关注和研究的社会问题。

恋父情结书写与女性意识的渺茫走向

现当代女作家笔下关于女性恋父情结的书写无疑属具有另类色彩的题材,在此方面最有代表性的作家是张爱玲、张洁、陈染、张悦然等。在梳理考察现当代女作家笔下的恋父情结书写时,会发现这样两个特点:一是经历了从占有报复,到爱恨兼有,再到美化男性并与男性全盘和解的演进历程;二是女性恋父的情感选择呈现从宿命色彩到自我选择的走向。女性的恋父情结文本必然涉及母女关系的描写和母亲形象的塑造,母亲形象则经过了从对女儿和丈夫单向的忍受与爱乃至无怨无悔的承受,到爱怨交织,再到自私、势利、冷酷的演进路向。这些女作家在同性之谊的书写中,呈现了难以言说的复杂意味,而这种关系成为母女关系的衍生、补充乃至替代品,现当代女作家笔下同性之谊的书写呈现出从广义到狭义的演进脉络。在上述各种关系的书写过程中不难看出女作家的立场嬗变趋向,即性别对抗意味渐趋冲淡,女性文学原本意义上的女性意识似乎也渐行渐远,女性文学的未来走向不免堪忧。

论编辑意识现代化与体育科技期刊可持续发展

就知识经济时代编辑意识现代化对体育科技期刊发展的关键作用加以阐释。认为编辑意识现代化包括导向意识、市场意识、创新意识、服务意识和质量效益意识等。体育科技期刊编辑只有具备并完成这些意识的转化,才能适应新时期体育科技期刊的变革,不断地推进体育科技期刊的持续发展。

试述中国近代女子体育教育

中国近代女子体育教育在清末新兴资产阶级改良主义者倡议兴办女学后,开始艰难起步,经过几代仁人志士的大力宣传,艰苦创业,逐渐发展起来。但由于受到当时政治、经济、文化、思想意识的制约,发展较为缓慢。笔者在大量收集史料的基础上,力图对其起步的历史背景和课程内容演变,以及教育实质,竞赛情况,师资来源等方面有一个比较全面的了解和认识。

女性主义与当代女大学生的现代女性意识

女大学生要真正成为新时代的知识女性,成为未来社会实践的主体,就必须具备现代女性意识。本文介绍了女性主义思想,指出女性主义视野下女大学生女性意识的缺失,并主张培养当代女大学生的现代女性意识。

中国近代女性观与女子学校教育的互动影响及现代启示

中国近代女性观和女子学校教育是中国近代社会转型的产物。其发展特点既受西方女性观影响,也与中国近代社会的政治、经济变革有密切联系。中国近代女性观和女子学校教育互动影响,在中国女性观与女子学校教育发展史上,具有承上启下的作用,并对今天的女性观与女子学校教育的发展走向有重要的启迪意义。

晚清的女子教育与女性意识的觉醒

晚清价值观念的转变、教育制度的改革与社会舆论的宣传促使女子教育的兴起。尽管女子教育举步维艰、分布不均,但女子教育冲击了传统的教育观念,提高了女性的社会地位,促进了女性意识的觉醒。

问题与阐释:女性主义批评建设的可能

女性主义批评是与女性写作相伴生的一种批评实践。新时期以来,思想界对女性主义理论的译介和批评界借助女性主义理论进行的批评实践都取得了不少成果,推动了本土女性主义批评的理论建设。但是,西方理论并不完全契合本土的文化语境,使用西方理论也不能充分阐释当代女性写作的丰富性和复杂性。当下的女性主义批评存在两方面的问题:一是难以有效分析新时期以来女性写作的多元化特点,二是难以厘清全球化经济体系带来的消费主义意识形态对性别问题的多重影响。女性主义批评建设的理论困境要求我们对既定的研究范式做出相应调整。因而,将“性别”作为认识差异性范畴的一种方法,重新考察其生成的语境、处理的问题以及阐释的方式,将为女性主义批评的理论建设提供一种新的可能。

马克思生存论与现代性的命运

现代性的形而上学基础是意识哲学。意识哲学的最大特点是思辨理性的抽象逻辑演绎构造了一个概念帝国,内在困境在于意识始终无法切中外在的超越之物。马克思生存论突破意识哲学的藩篱,扭转了哲学的方向,哲学出发点实现了从“我思”向“现实的个人”的移居,重心从抽象概念王国转向现实生活世界,强调的是实践关系相对于理论关系的逻辑优先性。马克思生存论的现实呈现就是资本批判,其结果是共产主义视域的敞开。在此,现代性的历史边界得以划定。然而,指出现代性的未来宿命并不意味着否定它的当代价值及其发展潜力。