Analysis of quality-related proteins in golden pompano(Trachinotus ovatus)fillets with modified atmosphere packaging under superchilling storage

Here,we aimed to study the changes in proteome of golden pompano fillets during post-mortem storage.Tandem mass tags(TMT)-labeled quantitative proteomic strategy was applied to investigate the relationships between protein changes and quality characteristics of modified atmosphere packaging(MAP)fillets during superchilling(-3°C)storage.Scanning electron microscopy was used to show that the muscle histology microstructure of fillets was damaged to varying degrees,and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance was used to find that the immobilized water and free water in the muscle of fillets changed significantly.Total sulfhydryl content,TCA-soluble peptides and Ca2+-ATPase activity also showed that the fillet protein had a deterioration by oxidation and denaturation.The Fresh(FS),MAP,and air packaging(AP)groups were set.Total of 150 proteins were identified as differential abundant proteins(DAPs)in MAP/FS,while 209 DAPs were in AP/FS group.The KEGG pathway analysis indicated that most DAPs were involved in binding proteins and protein turnover.Correlation analysis found that 52 DAPs were correlated with quality traits.Among them,8 highly correlated DAPs are expected to be used as potential quality markers for protein oxidation and water-holding capacity.These results provide a further understanding of the muscle deterioration mechanism of packaging golden pompano fillets during superchilling.

Monitoring and identification of spoilage-related microorganisms in braised chicken with modified atmosphere packaging during refrigerated storage

This study mainly monitored the dominant bacterial populations and identified the spoilage-related microorganisms of braised chicken meat stored under different CO_(2)-modified atmosphere packaging(MAP)during refrigerated storage using a culture-dependent method and 16S rDNA identification.The quality changes and shelf life of the meat were also measured.The growth rate of total viable count(TVC)in braised chicken was slower with an increase of CO_(2) content in MAP,which also occurred in the remaining bacterial species monitored(lactic acid bacteria,Pseudomonas spp.,Brochothrix thermosphacta).The MAP exerted beneficial effects on the quality of braised chicken,as demonstrated by retarding the production of total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N)and delaying lipid oxidation(TBARS test).A total of 14 isolates were identified from braised chickens with different packaging at the end of storage,these included P.fragi(6 isolates),P.psychrophila(2 isolates),Enterococcus faecalis(3 isolates),B.thermosphacta(2 isolates),Staphylococcus equorum(1 isolate).

Effects of Active Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Postharvest Quality of Shiitake Mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) Stored at Cold Storage

The effects of active modified atmosphere packaging （MAP） on the postharvest quality of shiitake mushrooms stored at cold temperature （4°C） were investigated.The gas components were 2% O2 ＋7% CO2 （MAP1）,2% O2 ＋10% CO2 （MAP2） and 2% O2 ＋13% CO2 （MAP3）,respectively.The results showed that active MAP could extend the shelf-life of shiitake mushrooms to 17 d and the concentration of carbon dioxide could influence the postharvest quality of shiitake mushrooms.MAP2 treatment inhibited the increase in respiration rate and malondinaldehyde （MDA） contents,delayed the decrease in firmness,soluble sugar and vitamin C,and obviously reduced the activity of polyphenol oxidase （PPO） and the degree of browning,therefore maintaining better quality.

Effects of 1-methylcyclopropene and modified atmosphere packaging on fruit quality and superficial scald in Yali pears during storage

The Yali pear（Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.） is susceptible to superficial scald during prolonged cold storage and at shelf life. This study investigated the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene（1-MCP） and modified atmosphere packaging（MAP） on changes of fruit quality and superficial scald during cold storage and at shelf life in Yali pear. Compared with MAP, the combination of MAP and 1-MCP（MAP＋1-MCP） treatment reduced the carbon dioxide and ethylene content inside the packaging bag. The 1-MCP, MAP, and MAP＋1-MCP treatments reduced the superficial scald index, malondialdehyde content, O2^-· production rate and relative conductivity and inhibited the accumulation of α-farnesene and conjugated trienes in the peel. 1-MCP and MAP＋1-MCP treatments maintained a higher phenolic content and enhanced the catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in the fruit, while reduced activities of lipoxygenase and polyphenol oxidase in the peel preceding the onset of superficial scald. Comprehensive analysis indicated that the MAP＋1-MCP treatment is the most effective method tested for improving the quality of Yali pears during cold storage and at shelf life.

Prolonging the Shelf Life of Ready-to-Serve Pizza through Modified Atmosphere Packaging: Effect on Textural and Sensory Quality

The effects of different modified atmospheres (air: atm1;100% CO2: atm2;100% N2: atm3;50% CO2/50% N2: atm4) on the textural and sensory characteristics of the ready-to-serve pizza at 7℃ ± 1℃ were investigated. The values of hardness, gumminess and chewiness were found to be increased during the storage period while cohesiveness and springiness exhibited a decreasing trend. Overall, the 100% CO2 product yielded the best textural and sensorial characteristics followed by 50%CO2/50% N2 and 100% N2 when compared to conventional packed pizza at 7℃ ± 1℃. Carbon dioxide caused microbial inhibition as well. The shelf life of ready-to-serve pizza significantly increased upto 45 days (a 300% increase) for the samples packaged under 100% CO2 (atm2), 50% CO2/50% N2 (atm4) and 100% N2 (atm3), compared to conventional air pack (15 days).

Microbial Aspects in Comparing Modified Atmosphere Packaging and Vacuum Packaging on Shelf Life of Fresh Bull Meat

The importance of meat preservation and various reports on different types of packaging, and to compare the effects of modified atmosphere packaging （MAP） and vacuum packaging （VP） on shelf life of flesh bull meat, and microbiological tests on meat together with some chemical and sensory tests was on tight observation. It was an experimental study, 96 samples were randomly packaged in two groups of MAP and VP equally. The package consists of five layers which are Polyvinylidin Chloride （PVDC）, Ethyl Vinyl Alcohol （EVOH）, Poly Ethylene （PE）, Linear Low Density Poly Ethylene （LLDPE）, and poly Amid （PA）, respectively. MAP meat with 700 mL of CO2 per kg of meat. The packaging were made in at-ameh-pars factory and transported in chilled condition to a well prepared refrigerator in National Research Institute of Food Science （NRIFS） of Shahidbeheshti University of Medical Sciences. These samples tested weekly, since first day after packaging, and week 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. Microbial tests include Total Microbial, Coliform, Lactic Acid Bacteria, Pseudomonas Counts, and Clostridium. Chemical and sensory tests also carried out. Total volatile bases （TVN）, TBA, and pH as chemical analyses and color, odor, and weep as sensory analyses are also added. Results revealed that total microbial count was in standard range within the 6 weeks for VP, and 5 weeks for MAP technique. Other microbial factors including coliforms, lactic acid bacteria are less and somehow in chemical and sensory tests emphasized the microbial figures. recommended for meat packaging. similar pattern to total count, and no clostridia were found. By the way, The results showed that according to our existing facilities, VP is

Effect of Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Postharvest Quality of Rambutan cv. Binjai

An experiment on retail film packaging system was conducted to compare the atmospheric composition within sealed packs containing rambutan fruits. This research was done in order to study the effect of packaging films with different permeability on the some of physicochemical properties of rambutan during storage at 10℃. The films used were 0.090 mm low density polyethylene （LDPE）, 0.040 mm polyprophylene and 0.057 mm LDPE compared unwrapped fruits. Fruits were evaluated every 5 days for changes in moisture content, total sugars, vitamin C, hardness and color. Unwrapped rambutan had severe browning after 10 days. Sealed packages especially the LDPE had delayed the development of the browning for 20 days of storage and had the lowest weight loss.

Effect of Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Postharvest Quality of Barangan Banana

An experiment retail film packaging system was used to compare the atmospheric composition within sealed packs containing barangan banana fruits. This research was done in order to study the effect of packaging films with different permeability properties on the physicochemicalproperties of barangan banana during storage at room temperature （28 ± 2 °C） and at 15 °C. The films used were 0.09 mm low density polyethylene （LDPE）, 0.04 mm polypropylene and 0.057 mm LDPE compared with unwrapped fruits as control. Barangan bananas were evaluated each 5 days intervals for changes in moisture content, total sugars, vitamin C, hardness and color. Unwrapped barangan bananas were overripe and soft after 15 days at both temperature conditions. Sealed packages especially using LDPE at 15 °C delayed the development of the yellow color of banana until 20 days of storage and had the lowest weight loss.

不同浓度1-甲基环丙烯处理对蓝莓贮藏品质的影响

为探究不同浓度1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)结合自发气调包装(MAP)对蓝莓冷藏期间保鲜效果的影响,以‘莱克西’蓝莓为试材,采后2 h内入预冷库,装入气调箱并对其进行0.5、1.0、1.5μL/L 1-MCP处理,冷链车运输96 h后入冰温库((-0.5±0.3)℃)贮藏,每10 d测定蓝莓的品质指标、生理指标和挥发性成分。结果表明:MAP结合3种浓度1-MCP处理均能延缓蓝莓果实硬度的下降,保持相对较高的花色苷、VC、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸含量,抑制呼吸峰值和乙烯生成速率。利用SPSS主成分分析得出各处理的保鲜效果排序为:MAP+1.0μL/L 1-MCP>MAP+1.5μL/L 1-MCP>MAP+0.5μL/L 1-MCP>MAP。在蓝莓贮藏过程中醛类(52.34%~86.13%)和萜类(7.26%~32.44%)是其主要挥发性成分,MAP+1.0μL/L 1-MCP处理的蓝莓果实能保持较高的醛类物质和萜类物质相对含量。综上,MAP结合1.0μL/L 1-MCP处理对蓝莓的保鲜效果最佳。

西兰花自发气调保鲜数学模型建立

针对西兰花自发气调保鲜缺乏理论模型与定量依据,导致包装系统设计失误或失败的问题,以甘肃高原夏菜特色蔬菜“耐寒优秀”西兰花为研究对象,通过密闭系统法测算西兰花在不同温度(0、5、10、15、20℃)条件下的呼吸速率;基于使用的方便性、与已有呼吸数据的吻合性以及涵盖因素的全面性,选择建立基于酶动力学理论的非竞争型和化学动力学理论的西兰花的呼吸速率模型,各温度下两种模型的决定系数均大于0.90,并通过模型相关统计指标及预测值与试验值的对比,检验模型预测准确性与推广泛化能力。结果表明,选用非竞争型酶动力学模型表征西兰花实际呼吸速率特性,以12℃贮藏温度为例,将已建立的非竞争型酶动力学呼吸速率模型与气调包装气体交换模型相结合,建立西兰花自发气调贮藏的预测模型,并运用该预测模型设计12℃贮藏温度下西兰花的自发气调保鲜包装系统参数,说明该预测模型的使用方法。

保鲜剂结合不同硅窗面积气调包装对西兰花贮藏品质的影响

为进一步检验前期西兰花硅窗气调关键参数筛选研究结果,并期望得到相较于单一硅窗气调贮藏效果更好的保鲜剂结合硅窗气调包装的西兰花的贮藏方法。以甘肃特色高原蔬菜耐寒优秀西兰花为材料,采用60 mg/L的二氧化氯保鲜剂溶液、蒸馏水浸泡清洗处理,以无处理为对照,再结合2℃下硅窗面积分别为6、8 cm^(2)的硅窗保鲜袋包装,通过叶绿素、抗坏血酸(Vc)、总酚、总花色苷和硫代葡萄糖苷含量等营养指标的测定,考察各处理方法对西兰花25 d贮藏期内品质的影响。结果表明,相较于单一的硅窗气调袋包装保鲜,保鲜剂或蒸馏水清洗处理结合硅窗气调保鲜有更好的保鲜效果,其中60 mg/L的二氧化氯保鲜剂溶液清洗处理效果更优。2℃贮藏温度下,同样处理方式的西兰花,硅窗面积为8 cm^(2)的硅窗袋气调袋包装的保鲜效果要优于硅窗面积为6 cm^(2)的硅窗气调袋包装;60 mg/L的二氧化氯保鲜剂溶液浸泡清洗,结合硅窗面积8 cm^(2)的硅窗气调袋包装的西兰花的贮藏品质最好,在25 d贮藏期内各营养指标总体高于其他处理。

自发气调包装对鲜食竹笋采后贮藏品质和木质化的影响

【目的】鲜食竹笋是未经漂烫杀青、腌制的竹笋产品,具有鲜脆的口感和清爽的风味。但鲜竹笋呼吸旺盛,极易失水萎蔫,难以保鲜,影响其销售。自发气调包装可通过调节内环境的气体成分降低包装果蔬的呼吸强度,研究气调包装处理对鲜食竹笋采后贮藏品质和木质化的影响,为鲜食竹笋的保鲜包装选择提供参考。【方法】采用自发气调保鲜袋(厚度20μm,O_(2)渗透率11643 cm^(3)/m^(2)·d·atm,水蒸气透过率62.586 g/m^(2)·d)包装剥壳鲜竹笋,以尼龙袋抽真空包装为对照,将包装鲜竹笋贮藏于冷库(4±1℃),研究其贮藏期间的品质变化和木质化程度差异。【结果】与传统真空保鲜工艺相比,自发气调包装通过竹笋本身的呼吸作用和膜材料的气体透过性使得袋内形成低O_(2)、低CO_(2)(O_(2)<5%,CO_(2)<5%)的环境,能够显著降低鲜竹笋在贮藏期间的呼吸强度,峰值呼吸强度仅为真空处理的46.93%。贮藏21d时,气调包装显著抑制竹笋的褐变及膜脂过氧化发生,竹笋芯部亮度较采收时仅下降6.17%,而真空包装竹笋下降17.74%,真空包装竹笋的丙二醛含量是气调包装内的2.93倍。在木质化方面,两种包装下竹笋的木质化速度在贮藏14 d时开始上升,真空包装下竹笋木质化关键酶(苯丙氨酸解氨酶、过氧化物酶、肉桂醇脱氢酶)的活性均达到峰值,木质化加剧;而气调包装内竹笋的相关酶活性未出现高峰,酶活性缓慢上升,延缓了竹笋的木质化,可保持竹笋口感鲜脆;在贮藏21 d时,气调包装竹笋木质素含量仅为真空包装竹笋的84.99%,有效延长鲜食竹笋的保鲜期。【结论】自发气调包装袋内低O_(2)、低CO_(2)的气体环境有利于鲜食竹笋的贮藏,竹笋品质和营养成分含量明显优于真空包装处理,应用于鲜食竹笋保鲜具有较好的市场应有前景。

日粮中添加白藜芦醇对不同部位牛肉抗氧化性能的影响

为研究肉牛日粮中添加白藜芦醇对血清抗氧化性能及高氧气调包装牛肉抗氧化性能的影响,选用12头杂交牛(西门塔尔牛×鲁西黄牛),随机分为全混合日粮(对照组)和补充白藜芦醇[5 g/(头·d),白藜芦醇组]饲喂120 d。检测饲养60 d和120 d时血清抗氧化能力和宰后45 min不同部位肌肉中抗氧化酶活性、mRNA和蛋白表达的差异,并分析不同部位牛肉高氧气调包装贮藏期间脂质和蛋白质氧化程度的变化。研究发现,与对照组相比,日粮中添加白藜芦醇显著增强了血清和肌肉中的抗氧化酶活性(P<0.05),增加了Nrf2及其下游靶基因的表达(P<0.05),降低了高氧气调包装牛肉在贮藏期间的脂质和蛋白质氧化程度(P<0.05)。因此,日粮中添加白藜芦醇提高了不同部位牛肉的抗氧化性能,可以作为一种有效的方法来缓解牛肉贮藏流通期间的氧化缺陷。

1-甲基环丙烯结合气调处理对‘帕拉英达’和‘吉禄’芒果保鲜效果的影响

为探究1-甲基环丙烯(1-Methylcyclopropene,1-MCP)结合气调处理对采后‘帕拉英达’和‘吉禄’芒果贮藏品质的影响,以元江晚熟芒果品种‘帕拉英达’和‘吉禄’为试材,分别用0.5μL/L 1-MCP、微孔膜、PBI气调保鲜袋、1-MCP+微孔膜及1-MCP+PBI气调保鲜袋对芒果进行处理,对其外观指标、失重率、硬度、可溶性固形物(TSS)含量、VC含量、可滴定酸(TA)含量、呼吸强度、商品率以及呼吸代谢相关酶活性变化进行检测分析。结果表明:在(13±1)℃贮藏过程中,与未作任何处理的对照组相比,5种处理在一定时间内均能延缓‘帕拉英达’和‘吉禄’果实黄化指数、病情指数、腐烂指数、色差、失重率、可溶性固形物含量和呼吸强度的上升,抑制果实硬度、VC含量、可滴定酸含量及商品率的下降,显著抑制果实呼吸代谢相关酶活性变化。综合分析,在(13±1)℃贮藏环境中,1-MCP+PBI气调保鲜袋处理对‘帕拉英达’和‘吉禄’芒果的保鲜效果最优,更有利于果实的贮藏。研究结果可为低纬度、高海拔地区晚熟芒果采后保鲜提供技术参考和科学依据。

运用多维视角融合视觉转换器的食品气调枕形包装漏气检测

食品气调枕形包装被广泛用于农产品的贮藏、运输和消费全流程,尽管工厂广泛使用的现代包装机械和人工检验手段减小了漏气风险,但是封口缺陷、贮藏和运输中的挤压、人工检验时的人为差错等造成漏气甚至瘪袋的情况时有发生,变质的袋内食品既影响了消费者身体健康又导致厂商声誉受损。该文针对食品气调枕形包装的漏气检测问题,提出了一种基于多维视角融合的Vision Transformer漏气检测方法(multi-dimentional fusion vision transformer,MdF-ViT)。通过包装袋的主视角、侧视角和俯视角的融合,提取3个视角包装袋轮廓特征,综合判断包装袋形变量,完成对枕形包装的漏气检测。对样本A、样本B、样本C的测试结果表明,该种模型准确率均达到97.5%,F1值分别达到97.6%、97.6%和97.4%。该研究提出的模型可以有效应用于工厂生产并节约成本。

微孔气调包装对鲜切菠萝蜜保鲜效果的影响

目的为探究微孔气调包装(MMAP)对鲜切菠萝蜜的保鲜效果,明确O_(2)体积分数、CO_(2)体积分数和打孔数的最佳处理条件。方法本研究以菠萝蜜为原料,通过单因素和正交-模糊综合评价法,研究冷藏期间MMAP对鲜切菠萝蜜品质(菌落总数、质量损失率、可溶性固形物(TSS)、色差、可滴定酸(TA)、硬度、VC含量和丙二醛(MDA)质量摩尔浓度)的影响。结果与对照相比,MMAP抑制了微生物生长,维持了较高TSS、TA和VC含量,减少了MDA的积累,提高了鲜切菠萝蜜的整体品质,延长货架期至少6 d。筛选出MMAP最佳处理条件:O_(2)体积分数为5%,CO_(2)体积分数为6%,216 cm^(2)的打孔数为15个。结论MMAP是一种安全、低廉、简单的保鲜技术,可有效抑制鲜切菠萝蜜在贮藏过程中组织软化、营养损失、风味变化等品质裂变问题,具有很大的工业应用潜力。

不同气调包装对薄荷贮藏品质的影响及薄荷保鲜呼吸速率模型的建立

为了提高薄荷采后贮藏时间和预测薄荷采后的呼吸速率,通过失重率、相对电导率、色差、感官评分、维生素C含量、总叶绿素含量和菌落总数指标的测定,从包装材料为聚乙烯包装(PE)、邻苯基苯酚复合聚乙烯包装(OPP1.8/PE3.5、OPP1.8/PE4.5、OPP2.3/PE4.5)、高密度聚乙烯包装(HDPE),O_(2)浓度为3%~7%,CO_(2)浓度为5%~15%中筛选薄荷的气调包装条件,并以O_(2)、CO_(2)和包装材料为因素开展响应面优化试验,优化薄荷采后保鲜的最优气体比例及包装材料,在此基础上研究薄荷挥发性化合物和表面真菌多样性。使用密闭空间系统法测量薄荷在最优包装材料内O_(2)和CO_(2)的比例。在此基础上,再采用渗透系统法得到模型方程,并对其进行数值模拟。运用Matlab软件对处于平衡点时的呼吸速率进行计算,利用二次多项式模型对结果进行回归分析。利用高通量测序对最优、最差和对照处理组的薄荷进行测序和分析,比较其优势菌群的占比变化。结果表明:最优气调比例及包装材料为3.5%O_(2)+9.4%CO_(2)和HDPE,该包装方式可将薄荷的保鲜期由7~9 d延长至10~12 d,可抑制薄荷贮藏期间芳樟醇等醇类物质的增加,减少D-香芹酮等酮类物质的挥发,延缓薄荷衰老,基于以上实验结果建立薄荷二次多项式呼吸速率模型,并能够更准确设计薄荷的气调包装条件,较好地抑制薄荷贮藏期间子囊菌门和霉菌门等腐败菌的生长。

气调包装(MAP)对草莓保鲜的影响

研究了气调包装技术对草莓贮藏保鲜的效果。结果表明,草莓最佳气调贮藏的条件为2.5%O2+16%CO2,它能够把草莓的货架寿命延长4～6d;利用LDPE和PVC复合膜明显优于LDPE膜和PVC膜。气调贮藏效果表明,MAP能明显抑制草莓的呼吸作用和水分的蒸腾作用,抑制糖、酸和花色苷等物质的降解。最后研究了包装内气体组分的动态变化。

1-MCP、MAP对苹果冷藏期间品质及保鲜效果的影响

以华红苹果为材料,研究1-MCP和小包装自发气调包装(MAP)对苹果冷藏(0℃)期间品质的影响。结果表明:1-MCP和MAP均可有效控制华红苹果果实货架期返糖现象的发生,抑制果实货架期间呼吸强度和乙烯释放量的增加,减缓果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸含量的下降,抑制果皮亮度和细胞膜透性的增加。其中,0.02mm PE袋包装和0.04mm PVC袋包装均未使华红苹果产生CO2伤害,为较耐CO2品种。果皮亮度和细胞膜透性可作为华红苹果衰老与否的衡量指标,可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量可作为华红苹果品质维持好坏的衡量指标。包装方式延长贮藏时间的顺序为:1-MCP>0.04mm PVC袋>0.02mm PE袋>对照;包装方式维持果实品质能力的顺序为:0.04mm PVC袋>1-MCP>0.02mm PE袋>对照。

不同商品包装材料对红香椿MAP保鲜效果的影响

采用低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)和高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)2种不同材质及厚度(0.01和0.03 mm)的包装材料对‘巴山红’香椿进行自发气调包装处理,结合失重率、脱叶率、色差、细胞膜渗透率、亚硝酸盐含量变化和包装袋内气体组成等指标测定,分析不同包装材料对冷藏过程中红香椿的贮藏保鲜效果影响。结果表明:4种包装处理均能在一定程度上防止香椿水分的损失,保持其色泽和新鲜度,延长货架寿命,且以LDPE(厚度0.03 mm)包装效果最好,4℃下能有效延长红香椿保鲜期至25 d。