The Packaging Materials with Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composites

A polymer-based carbon nano-tubes (CNTs) composite with high electromagnetic (EM) wave shielding effectiveness (SE) and with high mechanical property is developed for packaging of electronic modulus or devices.The liquid crystal polymers (LCP) and melamine formaldehydes (MF) polymer are used to study the orientation effect of CNTs in various polymeric matrix.The influences of orientation,aspect ratio,and mass fraction of CNTs upon the shielding effectiveness (SE) of CNTs-composites are investigated.The higher the orientation,aspect ratio,and weight percentages of nano-materials are, the higher the SE of the carbon composites.The highest SE for the CNTs/LCP nano composite obtained is more than 62 dB. This results may lead to the developing for CPU IC chip packaging.

Agglomerating Growth of One-Dimensional Carbon Nano-Materials Synthesized from Ethanol Flames

One-dimensional carbon nano-materials （ODCNMs） synthesized from ethanol flames exhibit various agglomerated morphologies, such as ＂chrysanthemum-like＂, ＂hairball-like＂ or ＂orange-peel-like＂, ＂vertically aligned＂ and ＂wrinkling-pileup＂. The present work studied the agglomerating process and the growth mechanism by using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. It is thought that the size and distribution of the catalyst particles produced from pretreatment of the substrates play a key role during the formation of agglomerations. It is expected that the steady growth of ODCNMs in flames will be improved through the preparation of the catalysts.

Thrust characteristics of nano-carbon/Al/oxygenated salt nanothermites for micro-energetic applications

Combustion within small motors is key in the application-specific development of nanothermite-based micro-energetic systems. This study evaluates the performance of nanothermite mixtures in a converging-diverging nozzle and an open tube. Mixtures were prepared using nano-aluminum(n-Al),potassium perchlorate(KClO_(4)), and different carbon nanomaterials(CNMs) including graphene-oxide(GO), reduced GO, carbon nanotubes(CNTs) and nanofibers(CNFs). The mixtures were packed at different densities and ignited by laser beam. Performance was measured using thrust measurement,high-speed imaging, and computational fluid dynamics modeling, respectively. Thrust, specific impulse(ISP), volumetric impulse(ISV), as well as normalized energy were found to increase notably with CNM content. Two distinctive reaction regimes(fast and slow) were observed in combustion of low and high packing densities(20% and 55%TMD), respectively. Total impulse(IFT) and ISPwere maximized in the 5%GO/Al/KClO_4 mixture, producing 7.95 m N·s and 135.20 s respectively at 20%TMD, an improvement of 57%compared to a GO-free sample(5.05 m N·s and 85.88 s). CFD analysis of the motors over predicts the thrust generated but trends in nozzle layout and packing density agree with those observed experimentally;peak force was maximized by reducing packing density and using an open tube. The numerical force profiles fit better for the nozzle cases than the open tube scenarios due to the rapid nature of combustion. This study reveals the potential of GO in improving oxygenated salt-based nanothermites,and further demonstrates their applicability for micro-propulsion and micro-energetic applications.

The Microparticles SiOx Loaded on PAN-C Nanofiber as Three-Dimensional Anode Material for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

Three-dimensional C/SiOx nanofiber anode was prepared by polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)and polyacrylonitrile(PAN)as precursors via electrospinning and freeze-drying successfully.In contrast to conventional carbon cover-ing Si-based anode materials,the C/SiOx structure is made up of PAN-C,a 3D carbon substance,and SiOx load-ing steadily on PAN-C.The PAN carbon nanofibers and loaded SiOx from pyrolyzed PDMS give increased conductivity and a stable complex structure.When employed as lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)anode materials,C/SiOx-1%composites were discovered to have an extremely high lithium storage capacity and good cycle per-formance.At a current density of 100 mA/g,its reversible capacity remained at 761 mA/h after 50 charge-dis-charge cycles and at 670 mA/h after 200 cycles.The C/SiOx-1%composite aerogel is a particularly intriguing anode candidate for high-performance LIBs due to these appealing qualities.

Carbon dioxide catalytic conversion to nano carbon material on the iron–nickel catalysts using CVD-IP method

The over-consumption of fossil fuels resulted in the large quantity emission of carbon dioxide （CO2）, which was the main reason for the climate change and more extreme weathers. Hence, it is extremely pressing to ex- plore efficient and sustainable approaches for the carbon-neutral pathway of CO2 utilization and recycling. In our recent works with this context, we developed successfully a novel ＂chemical vapor deposition integrated process （CVD-IP）＂ technology to converting robustly CO2 into the value-added solid-form carbon materials, The monometallic FeNi0-Al2O3 （FNi0） and bimetallic FeNix-Al2O3 （FNi2, FNi4, FNi8 and FNi20） samples were synthesized and effective for this new approach. The catalyst labeled FNi8 gave the better performance, exhibited the single pass solid carbon yield of 30%. These results illustrated alternative promising cases for the CO2 capture utilization storage （CCUS）, by means of the CO2 catalytic conversion into the solid-form nano carbon materials.

Carbon Nano Material Synthesis from Polyethylene by Chemical Vapour Deposition

Three different types of Polyethylene family, High Density Polyethylene, (HDPE), Low Density polyethylene (LDPE) and Linear Low Density polyethylene (LLDPE) polymers having different molecular weight and density;were pyrolyzed in the temperature range of 550°C - 1050°C under H2, N2 and Ar gases. Taguchi Optimization technique was applied to find out the best operating conditions to get maximum yield of carbon nano material (CNM). For Taguchi op- timization, experimental set up was done in two different temperature ranges i.e. 550°C - 750°C and 850°C - 1050°C. CNMs synthesized were characterized by SEM, TEM, Micro Raman and XRD analysis. HDPE was found to yield maximum CNM. Its pyrolysis at 750°C under hydrogen atmosphere for 2h gave carbon nano beads and some carbon nano tubes. Whereas under same conditions at 1050°C more multi wall carbon nano tubes (MWCNT) were produced, with some carbon nano beads. XRD data confirmed the graphitic nature of carbon-nanotube. The intensities of G-band and D-band of Raman spectra suggested that CNM has more defect sites and spectra were similar for CNM obtained in both the temperature ranges. The TGA analysis of CNM obtained at 550°C - 750°C, indicated that they are not amor- phous carbon and CNM obtained at 850°C - 1050°C decomposed at 624°C - 668°C;suggesting that CNT synthesized at this temperature range were more crystalline than what was obtained at the 550°C - 750°C.

SBA-15 Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Rapid cTnI Detection with Enhanced Sensitivity

A novel electrochemical immunoassay for cardiac troponin Ⅰ （cTnI） combining the concepts of the dual monoclonal antibody ＂sandwich＂ principle, the silver enhancement on the nano-gold particle, and the SBA-15 mesoporous modified carbon paste electrode （SBA-MCPE） is described. Four main steps were carried out to obtain the analytical signal, i.e., electrode preparation, immunoreaction, silver enhancement, and anodic stripping voltammetric detection. A linear relationship between the anodic stripping peak current and concentration of cTnI from 0.5 to 5.0 ng/mL and a limit of detection of 0.2 ng/mL of cTnI were obtained.

Forced vibration analysis of nano-composite rotating pressurized microbeam reinforced by CNTs based on MCST with temperature-variable material properties

In this study, free and forced vibration analysis of nano-composite rotating pressurized microbeam reinforced by carbon nanotubes （CNTs） under magnetic field based on modify couple stress theory （MCST） with temperature-variable material propertiesis presented. Also, the boundary conditions at two ends of nano-composite rotating pressurized microbeam reinforced by CNTs are considered as simply supported. The governing equations are obtained based on the Hamilton＇s principle and then computed these equations by using Navier＇s solution. The magnetic field is inserted in the thickness direction of the nano-composite microbeam. The effects of various parameters such as angular velocity, temperature changes, and pressure between of the inside and outside, the magnetic field, material length scale parameter, and volume fraction of nanocomposite microbeam on the natural frequency and response systemare studied. The results show that with increasing volume fraction of nano-composite microbeam, thickness, material length scale parameter, and magnetic fields, the natural frequency increases. The results of this research can be used for optimization of micro-structures and manufacturing sensors, displacement fluid, and drug delivery.

Introduction on Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) and Its Applications in Electronic Circuits

Carbon Nanotubes(CNT)in nanotechnology field are legendary for its strength and chemical inertness.Technically,we can alter carbon nanotubes based on our necessities and requirements such as single layered nanotube,double layered nanotube,multi layered nanotube etc.In this paper usage of carbon nanotubes in semiconductor devices such as nanomaterials,molecular dynamics of nanomaterials,heterojunctions using carbon nanotubes,diodes and Graphene Field Effect Transistor(GFET),its characteristics and data analysis are discussed.The major application of carbon nanotubes in electronic circuits is not limiting to improves the electrical and thermal conductivity due to its high stretchability feature and they also have a long life span and better durability over traditional electronic circuit’s materials.

Advanced hemocompatible polyethersulfone composite artificial lung membrane with efficient CO_(2)/O_(2)exchange channel constructed by modified carbon nanotubes network

Artificial lung membranes as the core module of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation technology(ECMO)execute the function of extracorporeal blood-gas barrier accomplishing CO_(2)/O_(2)exchange with blood.However,the unsatisfactory hemocompatibility and difficulty in functionalization are the promi-nent challenges faced by current artificial lung membrane materials.In this study,polyethersulfone(PES)composite membranes with self-anticoagulant property and high gas exchange efficient are fabricated by blending PES matrix with poly(vinylamine)(PVAm)modified carboxylic carbon nanotubes(mCNTs)and citrate-based poly(octamethylene-citrate)(POC)pre-polymers.The mCNTs construct specific gas transfer channels within the composite membranes to enhance the gas permeability,while the POC pre-polymers provide anticoagulant property based on the chelation to blood Ca^(2+)and the inactivation effect to in-trinsic coagulation factors.Importantly,directed by the actual ECMO gas exchange mode,we design a gas-liquid convectional circulation device that could evaluate gas exchange efficiency for the composite membranes under mimetic ECMO state.Therefore,this strategy not only proposes a new design method of advanced artificial lung membranes to solve the practical challenges in the current ECMO technology,but also establishes a scientific testing method to evaluate the gas exchange performance for new-type artificial lung membrane materials in the future.

卤氧化铋在光催化降解有机废水中的应用及其改性研究

【目的】卤氧化铋BiOX(X=Cl、Br、I)因其独特的层状结构和禁带宽度在光催化反应中表现出优异的活性与稳定性,已成为光催化材料领域极具前景的材料。因此,对卤氧化铋进行改性,使其拥有更高的光催化性能成为近年来研究的热点。【方法】概述了有机废水的污染现状及主要处理方式,特别是光催化降解技术的研究现状。综述了BiOX(X=Cl、Br、I)光催化材料在有机污染物降解方面的应用及改性措施,改性措施主要包括金属掺杂、异质结构筑和碳材料复合改性。【结果】关于金属掺杂改性和异质结构筑改性的方法研究得最多,光催化降解污染物的效率高,但存在掺杂的金属离子难回收,会对环境造成二次污染,构建异质结中存在逆反应、光屏蔽、副反应等问题。相较于以上两种改性方法,采用碳材料复合改性的方法通过吸附与光催化耦合提高光催化降解效率,可以降低催化剂的成本。【结论】通过对三种改性方法的比较,为卤氧化铋BiOX(X=Cl、Br、I)材料进行改性提供了参考与借鉴。生物碳是一种低成本、环境友好且可持续的含碳材料,采用生物碳对催化剂进行改性,可为解决目前迫在眉睫的环境有机染料污染和抗生素污染问题提供新方案。

比较两种常见的前驱物合成的聚合物及碳基微球材料

聚合物/碳基微球材料以其独特的骨架结构、优异的物理化学性能及广阔的应用前景,成为当下纳米材料研究和开发的热点领域之一。近年来,人们发展了两种常见的前驱物——间苯二酚/甲醛和多巴胺,来相对容易地在实验室合成制备聚合物/碳基微球材料。对这两种前驱物的不同的组成、化学结构、聚合反应机理等进行了系统的比较。此外,围绕合成与应用,对该领域研究存在的机遇与挑战进行了合理的展望。

立方形纳米碳酸钙改性及其在油墨中的应用

纳米碳酸钙作为添加剂可以提升油墨的光泽、改善填料的分散性和降低生产成本。本研究以立方形纳米碳酸钙(CNCC)为原料,硬脂酸钠(SS)和棕榈酸(PA)为复合改性剂(SS/PA),采用湿法制备了油墨用改性纳米碳酸钙(SS/PA/CNCC)。考察了SS/PA复配比例、添加量、反应温度等因素对SS/PA/CNCC性能的影响,当SS/PA复配比例为1∶1、质量分数为3%、反应温度为70℃时,SS/PA/CNCC平均粒径为60 nm、吸油值为35 g/100 g,满足油墨填料使用要求。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)分析和热失重(TG)分析等表征手段,对SS/PA改性纳米碳酸钙微观形貌进行分析表征。上述SS/PA/CNCC应用在油墨中,当SS/PA/CNCC在油墨中添加9份时,油墨细度为12.5μm、流动度为32 mm、光泽度为64.5 GU,所制备的油墨性能良好。

谷胱甘肽在nano-TiO_2-咖啡酸复合修饰碳糊电极上的电催化氧化及电分析方法

研究了还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)在nano-TiO2-咖啡酸(CFA)复合修饰碳糊电极(nano-TiO2-CFA/CPE)上的电催化氧化行为,并进行了测定。结果表明,GSH在CPE和nano-TiO2/CPE上的直接电化学氧化过程十分迟缓,nano-TiO2-CFA/CPE比CFA/CPE对GSH的电化学氧化具有更好的催化作用。采用循环伏安法(CV)、计时电流法(CA)探讨了GSH在nano-TiO2-CFA/CPE上的电极过程动力学性质。用线性扫描伏安法(LSV)测得催化氧化峰电流与GSH的浓度在9.0×10-6～1.0×10-3 mol.L-1范围内呈良好线性,检出限为8.85×10-7 mol.L-1。将该方法用于市售还原型谷胱甘肽药物含量的测定,结果满意。

隐身纳米吸波材料的研究进展

纳米吸波材料作为武器装备的重要隐身技术,对于提高其作战能力有着重要的作用。本文重点阐述了磁纳米、石墨烯、生物质碳基和碳纳米管等复合材料在吸波领域研究的最新进展,简要总结了不同类型吸波材料对电磁波的吸收机制。

改性铜集流体应用于锂离子电池研究进展

随着社会发展和科技进步,能源的过度消耗引发资源和环境问题。近年来,电动汽车等新能源领域的蓬勃发展,促进了电化学储能技术的开发应用。锂离子电池(LIBs)被认为是目前最可靠的先进可充电储能器件之一。在LIBs中,集流体发挥着至关重要的作用,它连接着LIBs内外电子通路,是活性电极材料的支撑基底。目前,商业铜箔作为集流体已经无法满足人们对高性能储能器件的性能要求。因此,对LIBs铜集流体进行改性,是一种解决其性能不足和部分电池缺陷问题的可行方法。由于碳基材料具有高导电性和高机械强度等优点,与铜材料能够实现良好结合和性能过渡,被认为是最契合的优秀改性材料。本文介绍了LIBs中存在的常见问题,针对这些问题,系统总结了近年来铜集流体改性方法,主要包括碳基材料改性以及铜集流体表面改性和结构改性。对于铜集流体碳基材料改性,总结了近年来众多突出成果,包括应用于改性过程中的不同碳纳米材料及其制备过程,以及影响碳纳米材料改性铜基集流体性能的诸多因素。最后对铜集流体在LIBs中的应用和发展趋势进行了展望。

新型纳米碳材SG6在耐热输送带覆盖胶中的应用研究

本课题研究了新型纳米碳材SG6在耐热输送带覆盖胶中的应用,通过对配方中的N660炭黑进行逐量替代,考察了SG6对胶料的硫化特性、物理机械性能、耐磨性能、动态力学性能、导热性能和导电性能的影响。结果表明,SG6从0份逐渐替代到24份,混炼胶的扭矩差值略微减小,t_(10)及t_(90)基本保持不变,门尼黏度略有降低;硫化胶硬度降低,拉伸强度,拉断伸长率以及定伸应力有所改善;同时可使耐热输送带覆盖胶动态生热有所降低,导热系数增大,表面电阻值明显降低,有效改善输送带覆盖胶产品的质量。

添加改性纳米碳和碳化硅颗粒对芒硝相变材料吸光、透光性能的影响

【目的】研究改性纳米碳颗粒和碳化硅颗粒对芒硝相变复合材料吸光性能和透光性能的影响。【方法】改性纳米碳粉和改性纳米碳化硅粉与芒硝相变材料结合,制备纳米颗粒芒硝复合相变材料,讨论不同波长对复合相变材料吸光、透光性和分散稳定性的影响;分散稳定性利用鞘流法图像仪对纳米颗粒进行分析,稳定性通过在50℃和室温下进行7 d静置后观察确定;采用积分反射仪分析相变材料吸光、透光性。【结果】鞘流法图像分析发现,改性纳米碳粉和改性纳米碳化硅粉形貌结构基本无变化且没有团聚现象,静置观察发现没有出现纳米颗粒分层和团聚现象;添加质量分数分别为0.1%、 0.5%、 1.0%的改性碳粉后,相变材料对紫外光的平均吸光度提高20%-35%,可见光的平均透过率下降26%-35%,红外光(波长为800-1 500 nm)的透光率下降10%-42%;分别添加相同质量分数的改性碳化硅后,相变材料对紫外光的平均吸光度提高22%-26.6%,可见光的平均透过率下降20%-29%,红外光(波长为1 500-2 700 nm)的透光率提高8%-29%。【结论】改性纳米颗粒在芒硝基相变材料中具有良好的分散性和稳定性;通过在传统芒硝基相变材料基础上添加不同含量的改性纳米颗粒,获得的纳米颗粒芒硝基相变材料对不同波长光的吸光率和透光率的基础性数据,为高性能纳米颗粒芒硝相变材料快速光热响应的研究打下基础。

改性纳米氧化镁交联聚乙烯复合材料的制备及其电气性能研究

为提高交联聚乙烯(PE-XL)绝缘性能,以聚乙烯(PE)为基体,以改性后的MgO(MgO-NH_(2))为填料进行复配交联制备了PE-XL/MgO-NH_(2)纳米复合材料,对其热老化前后的电绝缘性能进行了研究,并与未改性的MgO交联聚乙烯复合材料(PE-XL/MgO)进行了对比研究。通过直流击穿强度、空间电荷和直流电导率来研究复合材料的绝缘性能。与未老化PE-XL/MgO相比,未老化PE-XL/MgO-NH_(2)纳米复合材料的直流击穿强度提高了20%,异质空间电荷积累可以忽略不计。热老化后,PE-XL/MgO和PE-XL/MgO-NH_(2)纳米复合材料的直流击穿强度分别较热老化前降低了38%和20%。此外,将MgO表面改性后制备的PE-XL/MgO-NH_(2)纳米复合材料比PE-XL/MgO具有更低的直流电导率。PE-XL/MgO-NH_(2)纳米复合材料在未老化条件下表现出较好的性能,且对热老化可能引起的劣化表现出更强的抑制作用。