Preparation, morphology and mechanical properties of acrylate-modified polyurethane/unsaturated polyester resin graft-IPNs

Acrylate modified polyurethane resin was first synthesized, and interpenetrated with unsaturated polyester resin to form IPNs and gradient IPNs which cured at room temperature. The polymerization process was traced by an IR spectroscopy technique and the simultaneous interpenetrating techniques were determined. The morphology of these IPNs were estimated by TMA and TEM methods. The results indicated that large amount of interpenetrating and entanglement make T g linked up effectively, and domains between two phases can be in nanometre ranges, which changed with composition ratios. The mechanical properties results showed that IPNs varied from elastomeric to plastic materials. It was noteworthy that, with the introduction of modified groups and the formation of graft construction in IPNs, the miscibility in the systems was improved a lot. These further led to the improved mechanical properties of IPNs with elastomer reinforced and plasticizer toughened as well. The reinforced miscibility between the networks can apparently change mechanical property especially for the gradient ones when the materials are elongated.

Morphologies and Mechanical Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resin Modified with TDI

The morphology, mechanical properties of unsaturated polyester（UP） resin modified with TDI were studied via dynamic FT-1R spectra, SEM, DMA and mechanical property testing. Results show that companying with the cured cross-linking reaction of UP resin, TDI can firstly react with UP and produce polyurethane（PU）, and then UP and PU form the cross-linking nets together. The impact fracture section morphology of modified UP resin manifested the typical sea- islands structure. Testing of mechanical properties showes that for introducing of PU, the TDI has an obvious effect on the toughness and strength of UP resin. When the ratio of TDI/UP （w/w） was 7.5%, the modified UP resin exhibited the best mechanical properties with flexural strength of 125 MPa, impact strength of 18 kJ·m^-2 and tensile strength of 72 MPa.

Silicone Modified Polyesters Vulcanizable at Room Temperature for Anti-corrosion Coatings on Tinplate

Trimethoxysilyl Polyester(TMOS-PET)was prepared via hydrosilylation of trimethylsilane with acryl-terminated polyester.Copolymerization of TMOS-PET with trimethylmethoxysilane,tetramethoxysilane,and/or dimethyldimethoxysilane give silicone modified polyesters(Si-PET)containing=(SiO_(2))=,-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=,and/or-((CH_(3))_(2)SiO)-units.Coatings from Si-PET were formed on tinplate surface via room temperature vulcanization with applicable curing time(the quickest tact free time and completely drying time are 2 h and 15 h,respectively).Mechanical properties,thermal stability,chemical resistance,and anti-corrosion of coatings were detected.Although the flexibility of the coatings were lowered by=(SiO_(2))=and-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=units,adhesion and thermal stability of coatings were both improved.On the contrary,(CH_(3))_(2)SiOunits seem to improve the flexibility,while decrease the adhesive force for less crosslink points.Generally,the silicone modified polyesters act as an effective shielding for tinplate.According to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),the electric resistance of coatings(Rc)were improved about 25 times and open circuit potential(OCP)increased about 0.10 V compared to the control.The chemical resistance and anti-corrosion of the coatings were decreased slightly after=(SiO_(2))=and-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=units were added,but they could be greatly improved by-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=units.Specially,after adding-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=units,coatings give doubled Rc,and its OCP is about 0.20 V higher than the control.

Healthy Functions and Mechanisms of Bamboo-Charcoal Modified Polyesters

In this paper, healthy functions and mechanisms of bamboo-charcoal modified polyesters are studied. The results show that there are five healthy functions incorporated effectively in bamboo-charcoal modified polyesters, such as good far-infrared radiation, good UV protection, certain negative ion emission, certain antibacteria and good absorption functions. The metal elements and carburets are mainly responsible for far-infrared, negative ion emission functions. UV prevent/on function results mainly from the carbon elements. The absorbability and bacteriostasis functions lie in the porous structures.

STUDY ON THE PROPERTIES OF ACID-MODIFIED MULTIFUNCTION COPOLYESTER FIBRE

Applying conventional analytical methods,the following results have been found:the satura-tion value of acid--modified multifunction copolyest fibre( acid-modified polyester fibre)is1.74,then this kind of fibre is good for being dyed medium and light colours with cationicdyes;its level of erystalization is lower than of PET fibre;the third monomer(SIPM)con-tent in the fibre will be reduced by about 8% by the "alkali treatment"in dyeing and finishingprocess:through measuring and analysing the dye-up-take curves of time and temperature ofdyeing the fibre with cationic dyes,we indicate the key factors in dyeing are the 100℃ dyeingtemperature and the time for heat preservation;moveover,adding sodium sulphate will help leveldyeing but lower the dye-uptake.

掺杂纳米Al_(2)O_(3)与改性植酸的复合环氧涂层的制备及其性能研究

为了提高环氧树脂涂层的防腐性能并赋予其自修复性,在四丁基溴化铵的催化下,将植酸接枝到乙二醇二缩水甘油醚上,并与纳米Al_(2)O_(3)混合掺入到环氧树脂中,制备了一种新型复合环氧树脂涂层。探究了纳米Al_(2)O_(3)质量分数对涂层防腐性的影响,并且对其表面形貌、光泽、力学性能、自修复性和防腐性进行了测试。结果表明:改性植酸和纳米Al_(2)O_(3)的加入显著提高了环氧涂层的表面平整度、光泽和硬度。当改性植酸的含量控制在5%,纳米Al_(2)O_(3)的含量达到5%时,复合涂层的硬度达到H,腐蚀电流密度达到7.85×10^(-8)A/cm^(2),腐蚀电位为−0.805 V。除此之外,复合涂层还具有良好的自修复性。改性植酸和纳米Al_(2)O_(3)的引入显著提高了环氧树脂涂层的防腐性能、自修复性能和耐久性。

铜改性聚酯纤维/棉混纺抗菌纱生产实践

为满足人们对服用纺织品环保健康的需求,以铜改性聚酯纤维及细绒棉为原料纺14.7 tex混纺抗菌纱,根据纤维原料特性制定纺纱工艺流程,详细介绍其清花、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱、络筒工序的主要工艺参数及技术要点。指出:14.7 tex铜改性聚酯纤维/棉混纺抗菌纱吸湿透气、手感柔软,具有抗菌、杀菌、抑菌效果持久等优势;通过加装粗纱防粘卷装置及合理控制梳棉车间相对湿度,解决铜改性聚酯纤维/棉混纺抗菌纱易粘卷、易产生静电等问题;通过采取“分开梳棉,统一并条”和“一道预并,三道并合”的工艺,解决两种纤维原料性能差异大、混合均匀难度大的问题;纺好铜改性聚酯纤维,除注重工艺路线设计及参数设置外,原料、设备、操作管理也是关键。

Investigation of optoelectronic properties of pure and Co substituted α-Al_2O_3 by Hubbard and modified Becke–Johnson exchange potentials

Advanced GGA ＋ U（Hubbard） and modified Becke–Johnson（mBJ） techniques are used for the calculation of the structural, electronic, and optical parameters of α-Al2-x CoxO3（x = 0.0, 0.167） compounds. The direct band gaps calculated by GGA and m BJ for pure alumina are 6.3 eV and 8.5 eV, respectively. The m BJ approximation provides results very close to the experimental one（8.7 eV）. The substitution of Al with Co reduces the band gap of alumina. The wide and direct band gap of the doped alumina predicts that it can efficiently be used in optoelectronic devices. The optical properties of the compounds like dielectric functions and energy loss function are also calculated. The rhombohedral structure of theα-Al2-x CoxO3（x = 0.0, 0.167） compounds reveal the birefringence properties.

STUDIES ON THE PROPERTIES OF SILKLIKE BLEND POLYESTER FIBRES

The dyeability, the moisture absorption and the antielectrostatic properties of the mod-ified PET fibre, which is make from COPEET/PET blend are improved greatly.If additional agent is added, the physical-mechanical properties of the modified PETfiber are more similar to silk fibre and its sureface is made into microcrater.Therefore, it is a new type of silklike fibre.In this paper we made a systematic study on the miscibility, the crystallizability and thespimnability of CDPEET / PET blend, which provides a theoretical basis for determiningthe spinning parameters and raising the quality of fibre.

改性膳食纤维在面制品中的应用研究进展

面粉在精加工过程中会损失大量膳食纤维(DF),而DF被认为是健康饮食中的重要组成成分,具有多种生理活性。文章介绍了DF常见的改性方法,总结归纳了DF经改性后在理化性质和生理活性方面的变化规律及原因,综述了其在面团、饼干、面条、面包、馒头和蛋糕等方面的应用现状,并指出了目前存在的一些问题及今后的发展方向。

改性聚酯纤维对机场水泥混凝土的增韧阻裂效果分析

为增强机场水泥混凝土的韧性,提升道面结构的抗开裂能力,制备了聚酯纤维(FC)、聚乙烯醇纤维(PVA)和聚丙烯粗纤维(PP)混凝土。以砂率、FC纤维掺量和减水剂掺量为影响因素,28 d抗折强度为响应值,采用响应面法确定了FC纤维混凝土的最佳配比。采用三点弯曲韧性试验和三点弯曲断裂试验,分析了纤维的增韧阻裂机理。结果表明:砂率、FC纤维掺量和减水剂掺量之间存在交互作用,三者对混凝土28 d抗折强度的影响程度排序为FC纤维掺量>减水剂掺量>砂率,最佳配比为砂率34%、FC纤维掺量1.4 kg/m^(3)、减水剂掺量2%。三种纤维P-δ曲线拐点处的荷载峰值和挠度显著提高,拐点尖锐程度下降。相较于素混凝土,FC、PVA和PP纤维混凝土的断裂韧性分别提高了125.8%、118.4%和87.1%,起裂韧度分别提升了38.7%、33.9%和25.2%,断裂韧度分别提升了87.1%、73.2%和55.6%。此外,FC、PVA和PP纤维混凝土开裂过程中所需的断裂能分别提升了216.2%、193.2%和162.9%。结合能量平衡理论,纤维通过能量传递的方式在混凝土中起到增韧阻裂作用,FC纤维的增韧阻裂效果相对显著。

含磷氮水性聚氨酯的制备及其在涤纶织物阻燃整理中应用

为提高水性聚氨酯(WPU)整理涤纶织物的阻燃效果,以含磷、氮希夫碱衍生物阻燃剂(DOPO-HAMB)为扩链剂合成本质阻燃WPU(FRWPU),通过浸渍法将FRWPU涂敷到涤纶织物表面,研究DOPO-HAMB在FRWPU中的质量百分比对热分解性能、阻燃性能、力学性能和耐水洗性能的影响。结果表明:与原涤纶织物相比,整理后涤纶织物最大热失重速率降低,降低幅度随DOPO-HAMB质量百分比的增加而增加;极限氧指数(LOI)提高至24.5%,比原涤纶织物提高了7.4%;垂直燃烧测试中的黑色烟雾减少,且损毁长度降低至9.7 cm;经向和纬向断裂强力、纬向断裂伸长率与原涤纶织物相比有所提升,而经向断裂伸长率有所降低;50次水洗后的LOI值为21.2%,仍然明显高于原涤纶织物。

端羧基超支化聚酯增强淀粉/壳聚糖复合膜

为了提高淀粉/壳聚糖复合膜(SC)的机械性能和蒸汽阻隔性能,以端羧基超支化聚酯(HPC)为改性剂,通过溶液浇铸法制备了一系列淀粉/壳聚糖/HPC复合膜[SCH x,x%为HPC含量(以淀粉和壳聚糖干重计,下同)],考察了HPC含量对SCH复合膜性能的影响。采用FTIR、XRD、SEM、DSC、TG对复合膜进行了表征,测试了复合膜的力学性能、热稳定性、水蒸气渗透性、疏水性和蒸汽阻隔性、抗菌性能。结果表明,HPC的加入大体上增加了SC复合膜的平均厚度和密度,在提高拉伸强度的同时保持了断裂伸长率,降低了复合膜的水蒸气渗透性,但对SC的抗菌性能没有明显改变。SCH 2.50力学性能最好,其平均拉伸强度从SC的2.26 MPa增至3.58 MPa,平均断裂伸长率从151.04%降至146.40%。SCH在280~320 nm范围内产生强吸收,强度随HPC含量的增加而提高。SCH复合膜水接触角在106.9°~113.3°之间,整体呈现较强的疏水性。SCH 2.50的水蒸气渗透性从SC的2.855×10^(-9)g·cm/(cm^(2)·h·Pa)降至2.133×10^(-9)g·cm/(cm^(2)·h·Pa)。HPC与淀粉/壳聚糖之间通过氢键和酯化作用形成了均匀致密的内部结构,增加了表面粗糙度,从而提高了SCH的机械性能和蒸汽阻隔性能。

苯并[a]吩恶嗪基功能染料制备及其在改性涤纶织物上的应用

为通过简单的方法赋予阳离子可染改性涤纶织物功能性,合成了新型光功能性苯并[a]吩恶嗪基阳离子染料,将其应用于阳离子可染改性涤纶织物的染色,使染色织物兼具功能性。首先合成了5-二乙氨基-2-亚硝基苯酚盐酸盐中间体,进一步与盐酸萘乙二胺或N-丙基-1-萘胺经亲核取代反应,制备了5-乙二氨基-9-(二乙氨基)苯并[a]吩恶嗪氯化铵(N1)和5-丙氨基-9-(二乙氨基)苯并[a]吩恶嗪氯化铵(N2)2种染料。选取5-氨基-9-(二乙氨基)苯并[a]吩恶嗪硫酸铵(硫酸耐尔蓝,N3)作对比,探究3种染料的光物理化学性质及其对阳离子可染改性涤纶织物的染色性能,研究染色织物的荧光和光动力性能。结果表明:分子末端为丙氨基的染料N2对织物的上染率极高(99.65%),染色织物具有较好的匀染性,呈现强红色荧光,且各项色牢度均达到4~5级;3种染料染色织物均具有光驱动活性氧产生能力。

基于环己基改性PBCHA为软段的PUE制备及性能

以环己基改性聚己二酸丁二酯(PBCHA)为软段(SS),二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI)为硬段(HS)合成了聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体(PUE)。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析、差示扫描量热、力学性能测试等手段研究了HMDI、丁二酸环氧环己烷二酯二醇(SCHD)、催化剂添加量对PUE的热稳定性、力学性能等性能的影响。结果表明,随着HMDI质量分数的增加,拉伸强度呈现先增大后减小的趋势,其中HMDI质量分数为21%,SCHD添加量(在PBCHA合成中占总醇物质的量分数为2%)、催化剂质量分数为0.75%时,PUE拉伸强度达到最大为13.85 MPa,断裂伸长率减小。断裂伸长率随着改性剂SCHD添加量的增多而增加,最高的断裂伸长率为1981.36%。随着HMDI质量分数增加,PUE失重10%时的温度(T_(10%))逐渐增大,T_(50%)和最大热降解速率时对应的温度(T_(max))变化不大;HMDI质量分数对T_(50%),T_(max)影响最大,SCHD添加量对T_(10%)影响最大,最高的T_(10%)热分解温度可达302.65℃,催化剂添加量对T_(10%),T_(50%),T_(max)影响较小。T_(50%)和T_(max)随着SCHD添加量的增加而逐渐降低,在改性剂添加为4%时,T_(50%)和T_(max)在该实验范围内达到最大,分别为357.82,399.69℃。综合考虑热性能及力学性能,最优配方为HMDI质量分数21%,SCHD添加量为2%,催化剂质量分数为0.75%。

预浸工艺对自粘聚酯胎改性沥青防水卷材热老化性能的影响研究

探讨了预浸工艺参数和预浸料配方对自粘聚酯胎聚合物改性沥青防水卷材热老化性能(低温柔性、剥离强度)的影响,初步分析了预浸料、涂盖料中沥青的扩散、融合过程。试验结果表明,聚酯胎类卷材的热老化性能受预浸料用量的影响较大,受预浸料配方的影响较小,聚酯胎中预浸料含量越高,聚酯胎类卷材热老化后剥离强度越大,低温柔性越差。

Effects of different modifiers on the properties of wood-polymer composites

Wood-polymer composites (WPC) were prepared from wood fiber and four kinds of plastics such as PE, PS, ABS, and SAN. The effects of different modifiers on the mechanical properties of the composites were studied. The results showed modifiers could raise the bonding strength of wood fiber with polymer and improve the mechanical properties of the composites. Different modifiers had different effects on the properties of wood-polymer composites, and comparatively the modifier of isocyanate produced a better result. Wood-polymer composite takes not only the advantages of both wood fiber and polymer, but waterproof, dimensional stability and dynamic strength are also significantly improved. Key word Wood fiber - Thermoplastic polyester - Wood-polymer composites - Modifier - Mechanical properties CLC number TB332 Document code A Foundation item: This study was supported by the Harbin Technology Tackle Key Plan (Development Research of Wood-Polymer Composites with High Wood Matrix) and by Heilongjing Nature Science Fund (Composite Mechanism Study of the Wood Polymer).Biography: XU Min (1963-), Female, Associate professor in Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai

功能性涤纶纤维及其产品的吸湿导湿性能

功能性涤纶纤维是由普通涤纶纤维经过必要的改性而制成的 ,如异形截面涤纶纤维 ,具有良好的吸湿导湿性能。对功能性涤纶COOLBST纤维纱线及其产品的吸湿导湿性能、吸湿导湿性能的耐洗涤性进行了测试 ,并对其作用机理进行了分析 ,指出COOLBST纤维及其织物具有优良的吸湿导湿性能。

涤纶织物表面TiO2/氟硅烷超疏水层构筑及其性能

为制备具有拒水、拒油、抗紫外线功能的涤纶织物,以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-水热法在涤纶织物表面原位生成纳米TiO2,然后采用氟硅烷(1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷)对其进行低表面能修饰。分析了涤纶表面形貌、结晶结构和表面化学成分、表面润湿性能的变化,并对修饰后织物的拒油等级和抗紫外线性能进行测试。结果表明:整理后涤纶织物表面生成锐钛矿型TiO2,氟硅烷均匀沉积在纤维表面;TiO2-氟硅烷联合整理后涤纶织物的拒水拒油性能显著提升,其表面水接触角达153°,拒油等级达到6级;对紫外线A段和B段的平均透光率分别下降至0.37%和0.01%。

改性聚酯纤维的国内外开发动态

化纤技术发展的必然趋势是优化产品结构、开发高附加值产品,而聚酯纤维的发展以及产品的多样化、新型化和高功能、高性能化一直是人们追求的目标。文章分析了世界化纤工业的发展趋势,并较系统地介绍了聚酯纤维的应用现状及研发方向,同时还介绍了几种新型的改性聚酯纤维及其使用领域。