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Measurement of the Level of Knowledge of the Sands Used in Constructions in Togo
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作者 Ezoba Nayo Kossi Bollanigni Amey +1 位作者 Essé MawuléEdorh Komla Assogba Kassegne 《Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering》 2024年第4期225-235,共11页
Faced with the proliferation of quarries extracting silty sand and river sand used in the building and public works sector in Togo, recognition of the granular properties of these materials remains a major challenge f... Faced with the proliferation of quarries extracting silty sand and river sand used in the building and public works sector in Togo, recognition of the granular properties of these materials remains a major challenge for builders. This study aims to take stock of the use of sand in construction in Togo. One hundred and eighteen (118) sand quarries in operation, including thirty-eight (38) silty sand quarries and eighty (80) river sand quarries, were identified following surveys carried out among stakeholders involved in the chain of construction on 40% of the national territory. It appears from these surveys that river sands (59.43% to 84.68%) are prioritized over silty sands (15.32% to 40.57%). Three (3) main reasons are behind the choice of sand type;namely, proximity (28%), cleanliness (25%), good appearance (25%). These three (03) reasons partly explain the strong dependence of users on the sands located in their vicinity as well as the related expenses. Thus, making data available on the characteristics of sand, the materials most used in construction in Togo, would contribute to improving the housing conditions of the Togolese population. . 展开更多
关键词 SANDS TOGO Reasons for Use construction
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Ceramic Properties of Three Specimens of Alluvial Clays Used in Local Constructions from Mbouda Clay Deposit, West Cameroon
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作者 Philémon Zo’o Zame Sylvain Kouayep Lawou +3 位作者 Philippe Samba Assomo Audrey Erman Moutsou Yannick Lontchi Dzoti Véronique Kamgang Kabeyene Beyala 《Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering》 2024年第5期265-279,共15页
The Mbouda alluvial deposit is located at the foot of the Bamboutos mountains (West Cameroon) where three types of clayey materials are widespread. The populations collect these clays in their natural state in view of... The Mbouda alluvial deposit is located at the foot of the Bamboutos mountains (West Cameroon) where three types of clayey materials are widespread. The populations collect these clays in their natural state in view of constructions using fired bricks or compressed blocks. Unfortunately, these buildings are not strong. This study investigates the causes of the strengthlessness of buildings and suggests solutions to overcome the difficulty. The research content includes field and laboratory studies. The methodology consists of sampling black (AN), white (AB) and red (AR) clays specimens identified in the study area and analysing them simultaneously at MIPROMALO (Cameroon) and at ACME LAB in Vancouver (Canada). The results obtained show a high sand content in the samples AN (64%), AB (55.2%), AR (30.9%). The compressive strength of the built specimens is low at 900˚C considered as the traditional firing temperature AN (0.94 MPa), AB (5.25 MPa), AR (2.18 MPa). The mineralogical series are identically made by kaolinite, chlorite, gibbsite, quartz, muscovite, biotite, goethite, magnetite and hematite. Silica (SiO2) presents higher contents AN (52.87%), AB (48.02%), AR (47.68%) followed by alumina (Al2O3) AN (29.96%), AB (28.13%), AR (24.72%). The other elements are poorly represented. 展开更多
关键词 SAND BRICKS Clays Mechanical Properties Local constructions
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Process,Material,and Regulatory Considerations for 3D Printed Medical Devices and Tissue Constructs 被引量:1
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作者 Wei Long Ng Jia An Chee Kai Chua 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期146-166,共21页
Three-dimensional(3D)printing is a highly automated platform that facilitates material deposition in a layer-by-layer approach to fabricate pre-defined 3D complex structures on demand.It is a highly promising techniqu... Three-dimensional(3D)printing is a highly automated platform that facilitates material deposition in a layer-by-layer approach to fabricate pre-defined 3D complex structures on demand.It is a highly promising technique for the fabrication of personalized medical devices or even patient-specific tissue constructs.Each type of 3D printing technique has its unique advantages and limitations,and the selection of a suitable 3D printing technique is highly dependent on its intended application.In this review paper,we present and highlight some of the critical processes(printing parameters,build orientation,build location,and support structures),material(batch-to-batch consistency,recycling,protein adsorption,biocompatibility,and degradation properties),and regulatory considerations(sterility and mechanical properties)for 3D printing of personalized medical devices.The goal of this review paper is to provide the readers with a good understanding of the various key considerations(process,material,and regulatory)in 3D printing,which are critical for the fabrication of improved patient-specific 3D printed medical devices and tissue constructs. 展开更多
关键词 3D printing BIOPRINTING BIOFABRICATION Medical devices Tissue constructs
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Efficiency and effectiveness of systems for the treatment of domestic wastewater based on subsurface flow constructed wetlands in Jarabacoa, Dominican Republic 被引量:1
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作者 Yvelisse Pérez Enmanuel Vargas +3 位作者 Daniel Garcia-Cortes William Hernandez Humberto Checo Ulises Jauregui-Haza 《Water Science and Engineering》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期118-128,共11页
Constructed wetlands(CwW)are well known nature-based systems for water treatment.This study evaluated the efficiency and effectiveness of seven domestic wastewater treatment systems based on horizontal flow CWs in Jar... Constructed wetlands(CwW)are well known nature-based systems for water treatment.This study evaluated the efficiency and effectiveness of seven domestic wastewater treatment systems based on horizontal flow CWs in Jarabacoa,the Dominican Republic.The results showed that the CWs were efficient in reducing the degree of contamination of wastewater to levels below the Dominican wastewater discharge standards for parameters such as the 5-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5)and chemical oxygen demand,but not for the removal of phosphorus and fecal coliforms.In addition,a horizontal flow subsurface wetland in the peri-urban area El Dorado was evaluated in terms of the performance of wastewater treatment in tropical climatic conditions.The concentrations of heavy metals,such as zinc,copper,chromium,and iron,were found to decrease in the effluent of the wetland,and the concentrations for nickel and manganese tended to increase.The levels of heavy metals in the effluent were lower than the limit values of the Dominican wastewater discharge standards.The construction cost of these facilities was around 200 USD per population equivalent,similar to the cost in other countries in the same region.This study suggested some solutions to the improved performance of CWs:selection of a microbial flora that guarantees the reduction of nitrates and nitrites to molecular nitrogen,use of endemic plants that bioaccumulate heavy metals,combination of constructed wetlands with filtration on activated carbon,and inclusion of water purification processes that allow to evaluate the reuse of treated water. 展开更多
关键词 Domestic wastewater constructed wetland BOD COD PATHOGENS Heavy metals
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基于Construct 3的射击类游戏设计与开发——以飞机大战为例
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作者 刘树林 杨艳瑜 李博 《微型电脑应用》 2024年第2期14-17,共4页
Construct 3作为小而精的H5跨平台游戏引擎,强大的交互性和用户友好性使其在2D游戏开发方面独具优势。借助Construct 3重构经典射击类游戏“飞机大战”,通过Event Sheet实现游戏中背景循环滚动、动画导入、角色创建与随机运动、游戏难... Construct 3作为小而精的H5跨平台游戏引擎,强大的交互性和用户友好性使其在2D游戏开发方面独具优势。借助Construct 3重构经典射击类游戏“飞机大战”,通过Event Sheet实现游戏中背景循环滚动、动画导入、角色创建与随机运动、游戏难度控制、游戏变量控制等主要功能。经过测试,游戏可打包发布成Web、移动设备和PC端.exe格式,游戏交互、特效运行流畅,游戏变量与难度控制处于合理范围。 展开更多
关键词 construct 3 游戏开发 射击类游戏
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Research Progress and Prospects of Total Factor Productivity in the Construction Industry 被引量:1
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作者 Chen WANG Shijie YU +2 位作者 Chenhao LIANG Lidan CAI Xiaohong XIONG 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2024年第7期39-41,共3页
The high-quality development of the construction industry fundamentally stems from the significant improvement of total factor productivity.Therefore,it is of crucial significance for promoting the development of the ... The high-quality development of the construction industry fundamentally stems from the significant improvement of total factor productivity.Therefore,it is of crucial significance for promoting the development of the construction industry to a higher level by scientifically and accurately measuring the total factor productivity of the construction industry and deeply analyzing the influencing factors behind it.Based on a comprehensive consideration of research methods and influencing factors,this paper systematically reviews the existing relevant literature on total factor productivity in the construction industry,aiming to reveal the current research development trend in this field and point out potential problems.This effort aims to provide a solid theoretical foundation and valuable reference for further in-depth research,and jointly promote the continuous progress and development of total factor productivity research in the construction industry. 展开更多
关键词 construction industry Total factor productivity Research progress Influence factor Theoretical basis
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The Technique of the Tri-Layer Coating: An Effective Solution for the Protection of Earthen Constructions
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作者 Sinko Banakinao Soviwadan Drovou +1 位作者 Komlan Lolo Kodjo Attipou 《Open Journal of Civil Engineering》 2023年第4期706-722,共17页
The problem with earth constructions is their low resistance to water. Step by step, the water degrades the exterior facings of the structures and ends up creating zones of weakness through the structures, making them... The problem with earth constructions is their low resistance to water. Step by step, the water degrades the exterior facings of the structures and ends up creating zones of weakness through the structures, making them collapse and creating enormous socio-economic problems, especially in rural areas. The solutions proposed to date, like the use of straw, cow dung, boiled skins, banana leaves, tar, cement soil, have shown their limits. Generally, the poor adhesion between the protected material and the protective layer means that the latter always ends up peeling off. This work, which is inspired by the traditional practice where plant tannins are used to brush the earthen walls to waterproof them, proposes a tri-layer coating composed of soil, powder and hydrolysable tannins extracted from the stem bark of Bridelia. This work focuses on the geotechnical characterization of the soil, the extraction of hydrolysable tannin, the manufacture of the micro-coating, the resistance tests carried out on the micro-coating, the technique of implementation and the test of evaluation of the performance of the tri-layer coating. The results obtained show that not only does the tri-layer coating adhere perfectly to the layer to protect, but it also waterproofs it and protects it against shocks. 展开更多
关键词 Tri-Layer TANNIN COATING Soil Earthen constructions
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Robotic reconstructive surgery: The time has arrived
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作者 Brian W.Chao 《Asian Journal of Urology》 CSCD 2024年第3期339-340,F0002,共3页
Thank you to the Asian Journal of Urology(AJU)for the honor of allowing me to be the guest editor for this special focus section on robotic urinary tract reconstruction.This topic has been a large focus for me in my c... Thank you to the Asian Journal of Urology(AJU)for the honor of allowing me to be the guest editor for this special focus section on robotic urinary tract reconstruction.This topic has been a large focus for me in my career;in my pursuit of knowledge in this new sub-field of urology,I have been so fortunate to have met so many talented surgeons who share a similar passion.The urinary tract spans a large anatomical region,and due to the large variety of conditions that affect it,an endless variety of functional and structural urologic problems can arise.Urologists have always been adept surgeons capable of operating in various anatomical spaces and have embraced technological innovation.Historically,the trend has moved from open surgery to endoscopic treatment;however,many patients with reconstructive needs remain untreated or sub-optimally managed. 展开更多
关键词 SURGERY constructIVE EDITOR
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Intelligent Sensing and Control of Road Construction Robot Scenes Based on Road Construction
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作者 Zhongping Chen Weigong Zhang 《Structural Durability & Health Monitoring》 EI 2024年第2期111-124,共14页
Automatic control technology is the basis of road robot improvement,according to the characteristics of construction equipment and functions,the research will be input type perception from positioning acquisition,real... Automatic control technology is the basis of road robot improvement,according to the characteristics of construction equipment and functions,the research will be input type perception from positioning acquisition,real-world monitoring,the process will use RTK-GNSS positional perception technology,by projecting the left side of the earth from Gauss-Krueger projection method,and then carry out the Cartesian conversion based on the characteristics of drawing;steering control system is the core of the electric drive unmanned module,on the basis of the analysis of the composition of the steering system of unmanned engineering vehicles,the steering system key components such as direction,torque sensor,drive motor and other models are established,the joint simulation model of unmanned engineering vehicles is established,the steering controller is designed using the PID method,the simulation results show that the control method can meet the construction path demand for automatic steering.The path planning will first formulate the construction area with preset values and realize the steering angle correction during driving by PID algorithm,and never realize the construction-based path planning,and the results show that the method can control the straight path within the error of 10 cm and the curve error within 20 cm.With the collaboration of various modules,the automatic construction simulation results of this robot show that the design path and control method is effective. 展开更多
关键词 Scene perception remote control technology cartesian coordinate system construction robot highway construction
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Properties and Characteristics of Regolith-Based Materials for Extraterrestrial Construction
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作者 Cheng Zhou Yuyue Gao +4 位作者 Yan Zhou Wei She Yusheng Shi Lieyun Ding Changwen Miao 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期159-181,共23页
The construction of extraterrestrial bases has become a new goal in the active exploration of deep space.Among the construction techniques,in situ resource-based construction is one of the most promising because of it... The construction of extraterrestrial bases has become a new goal in the active exploration of deep space.Among the construction techniques,in situ resource-based construction is one of the most promising because of its good sustainability and acceptable economic cost,triggering the development of various types of extraterrestrial construction materials.A comprehensive survey and comparison of materials from the perspective of performance was conducted to provide suggestions for material selection and optimization.Thirteen types of typical construction materials are discussed in terms of their reliability and applicability in extreme extraterrestrial environment.Mechanical,thermal and optical,and radiation-shielding properties are considered.The influencing factors and optimization methods for these properties are analyzed.From the perspective of material properties,the existing challenges lie in the comprehensive,long-term,and real characterization of regolith-based construction materials.Correspondingly,the suggested future directions include the application of high-throughput characterization methods,accelerated durability tests,and conducting extraterrestrial experiments. 展开更多
关键词 Extraterrestrial construction Characterization Mechanical property Thermal property Optical property Radiation-shielding
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Significance of Primary Treatment Selection in the Efficiency of Wastewater Treatment in Constructed Wetlands (CWs)
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作者 Snezana Didanovic Danijel Vrhovsek 《Journal of Water Resource and Protection》 CAS 2024年第5期309-327,共19页
This research explores strategies to enhance the efficiency of secondary treatment in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands (CW) in Montenegro. The focus is on selecting appropriate primary treatment methods alongside th... This research explores strategies to enhance the efficiency of secondary treatment in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands (CW) in Montenegro. The focus is on selecting appropriate primary treatment methods alongside three distinct substrate types to improve wastewater treatment efficacy. The study examines the combination of two primary treatments with different substrate types in constructed wetlands (CW1, CW2, and CW3). The primary treatments include the existing wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Podgorica, involving coarse material removal through screens, inert material separation in aerated sand traps, and sediment and suspended matter removal in primary sedimentation tanks. The Extreme Separator (ExSep) was employed to evaluate its efficacy as a primary treatment method. The research demonstrates that the efficiency of CW can be significantly enhanced by selecting suitable primary treatment methods and substrates in Podgorica’s conditions. The most promising results were achieved by combining ExSep as a primary treatment with secondary treatment in CW-3. The removal efficiencies after CW3 for COD, BOD, and TSS exceeded 89%, 93%, and 91%, respectively. The outcomes underscore the significance of primary treatment in mitigating pollutant loads before discharge into the constructed wetlands, emphasizing potential areas for further optimization in wastewater treatment practices to enhance environmental sustainability and water quality management. 展开更多
关键词 constructed Wetlands (CW) Substrates for Wetlands Vertical Flow System Primary Treatment Treatment Efficacy
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Construction Activity Analysis of Workers Based on Human Posture Estimation Information
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作者 Xuhong Zhou Shuai Li +2 位作者 Jiepeng Liu Zhou Wu Yohchia Frank Chen 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期225-236,共12页
Identifying workers’construction activities or behaviors can enable managers to better monitor labor efficiency and construction progress.However,current activity analysis methods for construction workers rely solely... Identifying workers’construction activities or behaviors can enable managers to better monitor labor efficiency and construction progress.However,current activity analysis methods for construction workers rely solely on manual observations and recordings,which consumes considerable time and has high labor costs.Researchers have focused on monitoring on-site construction activities of workers.However,when multiple workers are working together,current research cannot accu rately and automatically identify the construction activity.This research proposes a deep learning framework for the automated analysis of the construction activities of multiple workers.In this framework,multiple deep neural network models are designed and used to complete worker key point extraction,worker tracking,and worker construction activity analysis.The designed framework was tested at an actual construction site,and activity recognition for multiple workers was performed,indicating the feasibility of the framework for the automated monitoring of work efficiency. 展开更多
关键词 Pose estimation Activity analysis Object tracking construction workers Automatic systems
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Promoting grain production through high-standard farmland construction:Evidence in China
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作者 Shuai Hao Guogang Wang +4 位作者 Yantao Yang Sicheng Zhao Shengnan Huang Liping Liu Huanhuan Zhang 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第1期324-335,共12页
Food security is a strategic priority for a country’s economic development.In China,high-standard farmland construction(HSFC)is an important initiative to stabilize grain production and increase grain production capa... Food security is a strategic priority for a country’s economic development.In China,high-standard farmland construction(HSFC)is an important initiative to stabilize grain production and increase grain production capacity.Based on panel data from 31 sample provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities in China from 2005–2017,this study explored the impact of HSFC on grain yield using the difference-in-differences(DID)method.The results showed that HSFC significantly increased total grain production,which is robust to various checks.HSFC increased grain yield through three potential mechanisms.First,it could increase the grain replanting index.Second,it could effectively reduce yield loss due to droughts and floods.Last,HSFC could strengthen the cultivated land by renovating the low-and medium-yielding fields.Heterogeneity analysis found that the HSFC farmland showed a significant increase in grain yield only in the main grain-producing areas and balanced areas.In addition,HSFC significantly increased the yields of rice,wheat,and maize while leading to a reduction in soybean yields.The findings suggest the government should continue to promote HSFC,improve construction standards,and strictly control the“non-agriculturalization”and“non-coordination”of farmland to increase grain production further.At the same time,market mechanisms should be used to incentivize soybean farming,improve returns and stabilize soybean yields. 展开更多
关键词 high-standard farmland farmland construction food security food production area DIFFERENCE-IN-DIFFERENCES
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Application of Modern Construction Art in Landscape Architecture Planning and Design
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作者 JIANG Yuanyuan 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2024年第3期43-47,共5页
The continuous progress of urbanization has driven the continuous development and innovation of landscape planning and design.Focused on the important design method of modern construction art,this study analyzed its c... The continuous progress of urbanization has driven the continuous development and innovation of landscape planning and design.Focused on the important design method of modern construction art,this study analyzed its concepts and characteristics,and made deep exploration to its application in landscape planning and design.The results indicated that modern construction art had a significant impact on landscape spatial planning and layout,spatial design forms,and spatial ornaments.The use of modern construction art concepts could make landscape design more scientific,artistic,and humane,creating higher quality leisure and entertainment venues for audiences. 展开更多
关键词 Landscape architecture design Modern construction art construction Art
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Friction Characteristics Between Marine Clay and Construction Materials
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作者 KOU Hailei HUANG Jiaming CHENG Yang 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 CAS CSCD 2024年第2期427-437,共11页
Structure-soil interface friction characteristics is of importance to investigate the interaction between engineering structures and soils,especially for offshore structures.The interface friction behavior between mar... Structure-soil interface friction characteristics is of importance to investigate the interaction between engineering structures and soils,especially for offshore structures.The interface friction behavior between marine clay and structural materials with different roughness was studied in this paper by using 3D optical scanning tests,a modified direct shear device and numerical simulation.Relationships between the surface roughness of structures,water content and interface friction angle were presented by model tests.The increase of water contents decreased the interface friction angles.For interfaces with different roughness,the interface friction angles will be smaller than that of the soil when the water content exceeds a certain value.The roughness of the interface and the water content of the soil are mutually coupled to influence the coefficient of friction(COF).This paper proposed a Finite Element Method(FEM)to simulate the interface direct shear tests of structures with different roughness.The surface models with different roughness are established based on the structure data obtained by 3D scanning.The Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian(CEL)approach was employed to analyse soils sheared by irregular surfaces.The interface behavior for interfaces with different roughness under cyclic shear stresses was analyzed by FEM. 展开更多
关键词 marine clay construction material interface friction behavior surface roughness Finite Element Method
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Work-Related Accidents on a Hospital Construction Site in Benin
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作者 Adjobimey Mênonli Mikponhoué Rose +5 位作者 Dégbey Cyriaque Hountohotègbé Esdras Guédou Alexandre Lawani Affousath Ayélo Paul Hinson Antoine 《Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine》 2024年第2期142-159,共18页
Introduction: Work-related accidents are frequent and serious in the construction sector. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and factors associated with occupational accidents on the construction site... Introduction: Work-related accidents are frequent and serious in the construction sector. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and factors associated with occupational accidents on the construction site of a referral hospital in Benin. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample size was calculated using the Schwartz form adjusted for the number of workers on site and was 129 workers. Random sampling was used. The dependent variable was work-related accidents. The other variables were socio-demographic and occupational characteristics. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey. Medians and proportions were calculated. An association was sought using Chi-square and Fisher tests with a threshold of p Results: A total of 132 workers were included. Their median age was 30 years with an ITQ of [27 - 38];men were the most represented 126 (95.45%) with a level of education higher than or equal to high school in 101 (76.52%) and in the majority with a permanent status 85 (64.39%). Seniority of more than 5 years was observed in 92 (69.7%). Workers working more than 8 hours of overtime per week numbered 57 (43.18%). Exposure to vibrating objects was 49 (37.12%). In terms of psychosocial constraints, 82.58% had high psychological demands;79.53% low decision-making latitude;50.76% low social support. The frequency of work-related accidents was 6.82%, and the only associated factor was the type of worker (p = 0.016). On the other hand, there were 10.2% accidents among workers handling vibrating objects versus 4.98% among those not using them. With regard to psychosocial constraints, the following frequencies were recorded respectively: 6.42% among those with high psychological demand versus 8.7% among those with low psychological demand;7.62% among those with low decision-making latitude versus 3.7% among those with high decision-making latitude;8.96% among those with low social support versus 4.62% among those with high support. Conclusion: Work-related accidents on construction sites must be avoided by all possible means including the management of psychosocial constraints. 展开更多
关键词 Occupational Injury Building and Civil Engineering constructION ENVIRONMENT
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Subsurface multi-physical characterization of mountain excavation and city construction in loess plateau with a fiber-optic sensing system
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作者 Jie Liu Bin Shi +3 位作者 Kai Gu Meng-Ya Sun Jun-Cheng Yao He-Ming Han 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第8期2935-2946,共12页
Mountain excavation and city construction(MECC)projects being launched in the Loess Plateau in China involve the creation of large-scale artificial land.Understanding the subsurface evolution characteristics of the ar... Mountain excavation and city construction(MECC)projects being launched in the Loess Plateau in China involve the creation of large-scale artificial land.Understanding the subsurface evolution characteristics of the artificial land is essential,yet challenging.Here,we use an improved fiber-optic monitoring system for its subsurface multi-physical characterization.The system enables us to gather spatiotemporal distribution of various parameters,including strata deformation,temperature,and moisture.Yan’an New District was selected as a case study to conduct refined in-situ monitoring through a 77 m-deep borehole and a 30 m-long trench.Findings reveal that the ground settlement involves both the deformation of the filling loess and the underlying intact loess.Notably,the filling loess exhibits a stronger creep capability compared to underlying intact loess.The deformation along the profile is unevenly distributed,with a positive correlation with soil moisture.Water accumulation has been observed at the interface between the filling loess and the underlying intact loess,leading to a significant deformation.Moreover,the temperature and moisture in the filling loess have reached a new equilibrium state,with their depths influenced by atmospheric conditions measuring at 31 m and 26 m,respectively.The refined investigation allows us to identify critical layers that matter the sustainable development of newly created urban areas,and provide improved insights into the evolution mechanisms of land creation. 展开更多
关键词 Mountain excavation and city construction Fiber-optic monitoring Multi-physical characterization Compacted loess
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“Instruction-Category” Approach of Test Suite Construction for Oven Embedded System
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作者 Mengqing Tanli Jiyi Xiao Ying Zhang 《Journal of Software Engineering and Applications》 2024年第9期713-730,共18页
Being different from testing for popular GUI software, the “instruction-category” approach is proposed for testing embedded system. This approach is constructed by three steps including refining items, drawing instr... Being different from testing for popular GUI software, the “instruction-category” approach is proposed for testing embedded system. This approach is constructed by three steps including refining items, drawing instruction-brief and instruction-category, and constructing test suite. Consequently, this approach is adopted to test oven embedded system, and detail process is deeply discussed. As a result, the factual result indicates that the “instruction-category” approach can be effectively applied in embedded system testing as a black-box method for conformity testing. 展开更多
关键词 “Instruction-Category” Approach Test Suite construction Embedded System
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Construction of Urban Mixed-age Community: Opportunities, Challenges and Countermeasures: A Case Study of“Fangjia Hutong”in Beijing
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作者 FAN Anuo 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2024年第3期31-36,共6页
In the context of China’s economic development and population aging,the innovation and exploration of the old-age care model has emerged as a new community transformation and development direction.Given the differing... In the context of China’s economic development and population aging,the innovation and exploration of the old-age care model has emerged as a new community transformation and development direction.Given the differing needs and characteristics of individuals across the lifespan,it is evident that a design approach that incorporates mixed-age integration and mutual-help communities is a viable strategy for enhancing intergenerational exchanges.This entails the creation of a diverse and open community that is conducive to habitation for individuals of all ages,encompassing the full spectrum of needs,from those of young children to the elderly.Such a community must be designed and constructed with the population in mind,from the initial planning and design stages to the operational phase.This encompasses a comprehensive range of services,including food,clothing,housing,transportation,and medical care and recreation. 展开更多
关键词 Mixed-age community Old-age care Community construction
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Solving the Generalized Traveling Salesman Problem Using Sequential Constructive Crossover Operator in Genetic Algorithm
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作者 Zakir Hussain Ahmed Maha Ata Al-Furhood +1 位作者 Abdul Khader Jilani Saudagar Shakir Khan 《Computer Systems Science & Engineering》 2024年第5期1113-1131,共19页
The generalized travelling salesman problem(GTSP),a generalization of the well-known travelling salesman problem(TSP),is considered for our study.Since the GTSP is NP-hard and very complex,finding exact solutions is h... The generalized travelling salesman problem(GTSP),a generalization of the well-known travelling salesman problem(TSP),is considered for our study.Since the GTSP is NP-hard and very complex,finding exact solutions is highly expensive,we will develop genetic algorithms(GAs)to obtain heuristic solutions to the problem.In GAs,as the crossover is a very important process,the crossovermethods proposed for the traditional TSP could be adapted for the GTSP.The sequential constructive crossover(SCX)and three other operators are adapted to use in GAs to solve the GTSP.The effectiveness of GA using SCX is verified on some GTSP Library(GTSPLIB)instances first and then compared against GAs using the other crossover methods.The computational results show the success of the GA using SCX for this problem.Our proposed GA using SCX,and swap mutation could find average solutions whose average percentage of excesses fromthe best-known solutions is between 0.00 and 14.07 for our investigated instances. 展开更多
关键词 Generalized travelling salesman problem NP-HARD genetic algorithms sequential constructive crossover swap mutation
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