Concentrating solar power(CSP) has garnered considerable global attention as a reliable means of generating bulk electricity, effectively addressing the intermittent nature of solar resources.The integration of molten...Concentrating solar power(CSP) has garnered considerable global attention as a reliable means of generating bulk electricity, effectively addressing the intermittent nature of solar resources.The integration of molten salt technology for thermal energy storage(TES) has further contributed to the growth of CSP plants;however, the corrosive nature of molten salts poses challenges to the durability of container materials, necessitating innovative corrosion mitigation strategies.This review summarizes scientific advancements in high-temperature anticorrosion coatings for molten nitrate salts, highlighting the key challenges and future trends.It also explores various coating types, including metallic, ceramic, and carbon-based coatings, and compares different coating deposition methods.This review emphasizes the need for durable coatings that meet long-term performance requirements and regulatory limitations, with an emphasis on carbon-based coatings and emerging nanomaterials.A combination of multiple coatings is required to achieve desirable anticorrosion properties while addressing material compatibility and cost considerations.The overall goal is to advance the manufacturing, assembly, and performance of CSP systems for increased efficiency, reliability, and durability in various applications.展开更多
CSP （concentrated solar power） has been viewed as the technology that if properly developed could lead to a large scale conversion of solar energy into electricity. CSP is a type of solar energy converter that is cl...CSP （concentrated solar power） has been viewed as the technology that if properly developed could lead to a large scale conversion of solar energy into electricity. CSP is a type of solar energy converter that is classified as thermal converter because the output power produced is a function of the operating temperature. The main components of a CSP plant are the solar field which is made up of the heliostat arrays, the receiver tower, the heat transfer fluid, the molten salt thermal energy storage tanks and the power conversion unit, which is made up of the turbine and the generator. The main advantage of CSP is that of a cheap thermal storage （i.e., molten salt storage） which makes it possible to dispatch power at a cost comparable to the grid electricity. Simulations run with the SAM （systems advisory model） developed by NREL （National Renewable Energy Laboratory） showed that CSP is capable of delivering electricity at the cost of 17UScents per kWh for the 30-year life of the plant. The main disadvantage of CSP however, is that of low efficiency （8%-16%）. There are ongoing research works to improve the efficiency of the CSP. One way to improve the efficiency is to increase the operating temperature of the system. In this paper, the authors discussed different modules of the CSP plant and suggested ways to improve on the conversion efficiencies of individual modules. Finally, an overall systems performance simulation is carried using SAM and the simulation results show that electricity can be produced using CSP at the cost of RI.05 per kWh.展开更多
At present,solar thermal power generation is in the demonstration stage,and the large-scale production is affected by many factors.In view of the characteristics of different operating modes of photothermal power gene...At present,solar thermal power generation is in the demonstration stage,and the large-scale production is affected by many factors.In view of the characteristics of different operating modes of photothermal power generation,it is analyzed that the turbine needs to be started and stopped frequently due to different operating modes,which will lead to the instability of the output energy and the reduction of power generation efficiency.In this paper,the dynamic equation of energy conversion process is established by using the law of conservation of energy and conservation of mass.Combined with the logic switching criterion of the system,the system model was established by using the extended differential Petri net,and the validity and accuracy of the model were verified.Through the Petri net model of the system,the system’s working mode switching and power generation situation are analyzed due to the difference of direct normal irradiation intensity(DNI).Finally,the accuracy of the model is proved by comparing it with experimental data of the photovoltaic and thermal demonstration projects that have been connected to the grid.展开更多
Promoting the development of concentrating solar power(CSP)is critical to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.Molten salt tanks are important thermal energy storage components in CSP systems.In this study,the...Promoting the development of concentrating solar power(CSP)is critical to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.Molten salt tanks are important thermal energy storage components in CSP systems.In this study,the cold and hot tanks of a 100 MW CSP plant in China were used as modeling prototypes.The materials and geometric models were determined based on related specifications and engineering experience.Mechanical characteristics of the tanks under steady condition,including the deformation,stress distribution,and stress concentration,were simulated and calculated.Furthermore,the strength of the tank walls was evaluated.The findings can be used as a reference for designing the molten salt storage tank and reducing the risk during the operation.展开更多
Molten salt and supercritical carbon dioxide(sCO_(2))are considered to be one of the most promising combined heat transfer refrigerants for third-generation solar thermal power generation.To evaluate the potential of ...Molten salt and supercritical carbon dioxide(sCO_(2))are considered to be one of the most promising combined heat transfer refrigerants for third-generation solar thermal power generation.To evaluate the potential of chloride salts and carbonates in third-generation solar thermal power generation,this paper uses molten salts and sCO_(2)as the working media of printed circuit board heat exchangers(PCHE),and uses numerical simulation to study the heat transfer and friction of PCHE channels with different molten salts and sCO_(2),and establishes predictive correlations respectively.A local heat transfer and friction study was conducted on the sCO_(2)side of the airfoil channel,and it was found that the inlet mass flow rate has a significant impact on it,while the inlet temperature has a relatively small impact.A comprehensive comparison was made between the heat transfer and friction of two molten salts,and the comprehensive performance of chloride salts was 70%-80%higher than that of carbonates.The results indicate that the potential of chloride salts in third-generation solar thermal power generation is much greater than that of carbonates.展开更多
文摘Concentrating solar power(CSP) has garnered considerable global attention as a reliable means of generating bulk electricity, effectively addressing the intermittent nature of solar resources.The integration of molten salt technology for thermal energy storage(TES) has further contributed to the growth of CSP plants;however, the corrosive nature of molten salts poses challenges to the durability of container materials, necessitating innovative corrosion mitigation strategies.This review summarizes scientific advancements in high-temperature anticorrosion coatings for molten nitrate salts, highlighting the key challenges and future trends.It also explores various coating types, including metallic, ceramic, and carbon-based coatings, and compares different coating deposition methods.This review emphasizes the need for durable coatings that meet long-term performance requirements and regulatory limitations, with an emphasis on carbon-based coatings and emerging nanomaterials.A combination of multiple coatings is required to achieve desirable anticorrosion properties while addressing material compatibility and cost considerations.The overall goal is to advance the manufacturing, assembly, and performance of CSP systems for increased efficiency, reliability, and durability in various applications.
文摘CSP （concentrated solar power） has been viewed as the technology that if properly developed could lead to a large scale conversion of solar energy into electricity. CSP is a type of solar energy converter that is classified as thermal converter because the output power produced is a function of the operating temperature. The main components of a CSP plant are the solar field which is made up of the heliostat arrays, the receiver tower, the heat transfer fluid, the molten salt thermal energy storage tanks and the power conversion unit, which is made up of the turbine and the generator. The main advantage of CSP is that of a cheap thermal storage （i.e., molten salt storage） which makes it possible to dispatch power at a cost comparable to the grid electricity. Simulations run with the SAM （systems advisory model） developed by NREL （National Renewable Energy Laboratory） showed that CSP is capable of delivering electricity at the cost of 17UScents per kWh for the 30-year life of the plant. The main disadvantage of CSP however, is that of low efficiency （8%-16%）. There are ongoing research works to improve the efficiency of the CSP. One way to improve the efficiency is to increase the operating temperature of the system. In this paper, the authors discussed different modules of the CSP plant and suggested ways to improve on the conversion efficiencies of individual modules. Finally, an overall systems performance simulation is carried using SAM and the simulation results show that electricity can be produced using CSP at the cost of RI.05 per kWh.
基金supported by the Science Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(Grant No.52272219000 V)the Major Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province(Grant No.20ZD7GF011).
文摘At present,solar thermal power generation is in the demonstration stage,and the large-scale production is affected by many factors.In view of the characteristics of different operating modes of photothermal power generation,it is analyzed that the turbine needs to be started and stopped frequently due to different operating modes,which will lead to the instability of the output energy and the reduction of power generation efficiency.In this paper,the dynamic equation of energy conversion process is established by using the law of conservation of energy and conservation of mass.Combined with the logic switching criterion of the system,the system model was established by using the extended differential Petri net,and the validity and accuracy of the model were verified.Through the Petri net model of the system,the system’s working mode switching and power generation situation are analyzed due to the difference of direct normal irradiation intensity(DNI).Finally,the accuracy of the model is proved by comparing it with experimental data of the photovoltaic and thermal demonstration projects that have been connected to the grid.
文摘Promoting the development of concentrating solar power(CSP)is critical to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.Molten salt tanks are important thermal energy storage components in CSP systems.In this study,the cold and hot tanks of a 100 MW CSP plant in China were used as modeling prototypes.The materials and geometric models were determined based on related specifications and engineering experience.Mechanical characteristics of the tanks under steady condition,including the deformation,stress distribution,and stress concentration,were simulated and calculated.Furthermore,the strength of the tank walls was evaluated.The findings can be used as a reference for designing the molten salt storage tank and reducing the risk during the operation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52076006)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB4202402)。
文摘Molten salt and supercritical carbon dioxide(sCO_(2))are considered to be one of the most promising combined heat transfer refrigerants for third-generation solar thermal power generation.To evaluate the potential of chloride salts and carbonates in third-generation solar thermal power generation,this paper uses molten salts and sCO_(2)as the working media of printed circuit board heat exchangers(PCHE),and uses numerical simulation to study the heat transfer and friction of PCHE channels with different molten salts and sCO_(2),and establishes predictive correlations respectively.A local heat transfer and friction study was conducted on the sCO_(2)side of the airfoil channel,and it was found that the inlet mass flow rate has a significant impact on it,while the inlet temperature has a relatively small impact.A comprehensive comparison was made between the heat transfer and friction of two molten salts,and the comprehensive performance of chloride salts was 70%-80%higher than that of carbonates.The results indicate that the potential of chloride salts in third-generation solar thermal power generation is much greater than that of carbonates.
