Attitudes Toward People Who Stutter in the Chinese Context: An Exploratory Study on the Impact of Knowledge Sources

The public’s attitudes can affect the experience of stuttering of people who stutter.This study investigated the attitudes held by the public about people who stutter in China.A web-based written survey with closed and open-ended questions was implemented to develop a rich understanding.One hundred and two respondents in 26 provinces and 3 municipalities provided comments on people who stutter in their life aspects such as personality,speech,social life,work,life participation,education,dating and marriage,capability,and communication skills.The predominantly negative attitudes towards the overall domains were identified.Attitudes to people who stutter varied according to the different sources of knowledge.Familiarity with people who stutter might reduce stereotypes.However,knowledge from the media might aggravate stereotypes.Implications and future research orientation were also discussed.

The Impact of Nursing Staff’s Work Attitude on the Fear of Patients Recovering from Benign Tumors:Family Support as a Mediating Variable

The perception of nursing staff’s attitude influences patient fear.Understanding this dynamic is crucial for fostering a supportive environment conducive to patient well-being and effective healthcare practices.The purpose of this research is to investigate how the attitudes and behaviours of nursing staff influence the fear and anxiety levels of patients recovering from benign tumors,aiming to improve patient care and recovery outcomes.Data was collected from a sample of 100 participants,comprising 20 nursing staff and 80 patients recovering from benign tumors.Surveys were administered to gather quantitative data on attitudes and fear levels.Participants were selected randomly from hospital records and outpatient clinics.Our analysis encompassed nursing staff attitude,patient fear levels,the influence of family support,progression of tumor recovery,patient-reported satisfaction,and the quality of healthcare services provided.The quantitative aspect utilized PLS-SEM software to perform regression analysis,evaluating both direct and indirect effects.Statistical analysis assessed the relationships between nursing staff attitudes,patient fear during benign tumor recovery,and the mediating role of family support.The findings of the study demonstrate that better nurse attitudes(Hypothesis 1,β=0.45,p<0.001)and stronger family support(Hypothesis 2,β=0.32;p<0.001) are linked to lower levels of patient fear.Partially mediating the relationship between nurse attitudes and patient fear,according to Hypothesis 3(β=0.28,p<0.002),is family support.Patients’perceptions of family support are highly influenced by nursing behaviour,as demonstrated by Hypothesis 4(β=0.38;p<0.001).Our research showed a strong relationship between the attitudes of nursing personnel and patient fear levels.Family support demonstrated a strong mediating effect on patient fear.Patient-reported satisfaction is positively correlated with family support.However,no significant relationship was found between healthcare service quality and patient fear.

People’s Different Attitudes Towards Homosexuality

Homosexuality is a unique culture phenomenon with clear distinct connotation.The rise of homosexuality is due to the liberation of western homosexuality.Today,with the concerted efforts of many friends,homosexuality in China is gradually becoming clearer and clearer.In this thesis;the author introduces Chinese people and Western people's different attitudes towards homosexuality because of their different cultures.

Thai men＇s health and sexual attitude

Men＇s health awareness, including the research and study of quality of life, sexual desires and risk factors, has increased worldwide. In Thailand, this advancement is made possible by cooperation, research and sponsorship from the local Thai community. This article aims to illustrate the sexual attitudes of Thai people, to determine the degree of erectile dysfunction （ED） and to investigate how to manage and cope with ED in a Thai community. We reviewed the relevant literature from Thai-based articles and surveys in regard to men＇s health, sexual attitudes, the prevalence of ED and common risk factors in the Thai community. The primary risk factor for ED in Thai men was age-related health decline and the presence of vascular disease. Most Thai men will seek consultation from their partner in regard to ED. The main presentation of metabolic disease in Thai patients was dyslipidemia. New selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are not available for premature ejaculation in Thai communities. The debate in regard to malpractice compensation is an issue that should be closely monitored. There is currently a shortage of home care for the elderly in Thailand. The insights provided by the articles helped recruit the study patients and in turn, helped us gain knowledge that can be translated into improved men＇s health care in Thailand.

Attitude Coordination of Multi-HUG Formation Based on Multibody System Theory

Application of multiple hybrid underwater gliders （HUGs） is a promising method for large scale, long-term ocean survey. Attitude coordination has become a requisite for task execution of multi-HUG formation. In this paper, a multibody model is presented for attitude coordination among agents in the HUG formation. The HUG formation is regarded as a multi-rigid body system. The interaction between agents in the formation is described by artificial potential field （APF） approach. Attitude control torque is composed of a conservative torque generated by orientation potential field and a dissipative term related with angular velocity. Dynamic modeling of the multibody system is presented to analyze the dynamic process of the HUG formation. Numerical calculation is carried out to simulate attitude synchronization with two kinds of formation topologies. Results show that attitude synchronization can be fulfilled based on the multibody method described in this paper. It is also indicated that different topologies affect attitude control quality with respect to energy consumption and adjusting time. Low level topology should be adopted during formation control scheme design to achieve a better control effect.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Infertile Women on Child Adoption in Douala (Cameroon)

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices on child adoption among infertile women in Douala (Cameroon). Methods: It was a prospective descriptive study of six months duration at the General Hospital and the Dawn Medical Foundation Clinic. Patients of the gynecologic unit presenting with infertility were included. A questioner was administer to each patient with the following variables: Age, marital status, profession, level of education, past gynecologic history, number of children, type and the duration of infertility. Their knowledge, attitude and practice toward child adoption were investigated. Data collected was analyzed using the statistical software EPI-INFO 6.04 and R. p value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Among the 300 women included, 269 (89.7%) had already heard about adoption, 62.1% through the media. Seventeen percent knew who to meet in order to adopt a child in Cameroon. Two hundred and thirty patients (76.7%) were in favor of adoption but 48.7% of them didn’t want to adopt a child. One percent of patient had adopted a child. The attitude towards adoption was significantly influenced by the duration of infertility of more than 10 years (p = 0.0014). Among women who have at least one child 9.4% wanted adoption against 21.4% who did not want adoption (p = 0.0305). Among women aged between 25 and 30 years, 28.2% wanted to adopt a child against 79.1% who did not want it (p = 0.000). Eighty five percent of women who had secondary infertility did not want to adopt against 44.7% who wanted it (p = 0.0003). Conclusion: The level of knowledge is high in educated patient. However, many women don’t know the right procedure and the structures in charge of adoption. Their attitude is favorable but the practice of adoption remains low.

Fuzzy robust attitude controller design for hydrofoil catamaran

A robust attitude controller for hydrofoil catamaran throughout its operating envelope is proposed, based on Tagaki-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model. Firstly, T-S fuzzy model and robust attitude control strategy for hydrofoil catamaran is presented by use of linear matrix inequality (LMI) techniques. Secondly, a nonlinear mathematical model of hydrofoil catamaran is established, acting as the platform for further researches. The specialty in interpolation of T-S fuzzy model guarantees that feedback gain can be obtained smoothly, while boat's speed is shifting over the operating envelope. The external disturbances are also attenuated to achieve H ∞ control performance, meanwhile. Finally, based on such a boat, HC200B-A1, simulation researches demonstrate the design procedures and the effectiveness of fuzzy robust attitude controller.

The Clockls Ticking Is Africa’s relaxed attitude toward timekeeping holding the continent back?

Africa misappropriates time as it does to other resources, such as minerals. With this tradition, everything on the continent is always running behind schedule.

基于“S-O-R”模式、Heider平衡理论和知信行理论构建癌症病人疼痛管理态度改变研究的理论模型

癌症病人疼痛管理态度的影响因素分为个人因素和人际因素两方面,疼痛管理态度改变研究的理论支持也应从个人因素、人际因素对态度的影响角度分析。本研究通过对"S-O-R"模式、Heider平衡理论和知信行理论的分析,多角度构建了个人和人际因素对病人疼痛管理态度影响的概念模型,从理论水平探索癌症病人疼痛管理态度改变研究构建机制。

Tracking a maneuvering target in clutter with out-of-sequence measurements for airborne radar

There are many proposed optimal or suboptimal al- gorithms to update out-of-sequence measurement（s） （OoSM（s）） for linear-Gaussian systems, but few algorithms are dedicated to track a maneuvering target in clutter by using OoSMs. In order to address the nonlinear OoSMs obtained by the airborne radar located on a moving platform from a maneuvering target in clut- ter, an interacting multiple model probabilistic data association （IMMPDA） algorithm with the OoSM is developed. To be practical, the algorithm is based on the Earth-centered Earth-fixed （ECEF） coordinate system where it considers the effect of the platform＇s attitude and the curvature of the Earth. The proposed method is validated through the Monte Carlo test compared with the perfor- mance of the standard IMMPDA algorithm ignoring the OoSM, and the conclusions show that using the OoSM can improve the track- ing performance, and the shorter the lag step is, the greater degree the performance is improved, but when the lag step is large, the performance is not improved any more by using the OoSM, which can provide some references for engineering application.

Measuring Recreational Value of World Heritage Sites Based on Contingent Valuation Method:A Case Study of Jiuzhaigou

World heritage possesses various kinds of use value and non-use value. Measuring the recreational value of world heritage sites is a key issue in the heritage tourism. This paper employs Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), which is an evaluation instrument on the basis of tourists′ attitude and preference, to measure the recreational value of Jiuzhaigou, one of the World Natural Heritage sites in China, and analyzes the biases in the survey. The results show that: 1) In 2009, Jiuzhaigou′s recreational value was 3.46×108 yuan (RMB), and the per capita Willingness to Pay (WTP) was 137.31 yuan by CVM. Compared with the results of other methods, this result is significantly low. 2) Among the factors that influence Jiuzhaigou tourists′ WTP, psychological perception factors have the greatest effect while demographic and socio-economic characteristics have a small effect on WTP. 3) The virtuality in CVM creates biases both from CVM itself and in the procedures that CVM was implemented. The former includes hypothetical bias, information bias, protest response bias, and strategic bias; and the latter includes the questionnaire design, population and sample definition, sampling and data processing. The paper analyses those biases and illustrates their potential in-fluences on the accuracy of CVM measurement. 4) Although there are various defects in CVM measurement, it is still an effective valuation method.

低轨小椭圆轨道S频段SAR卫星姿态导引方法研究

国内外针对S频段SAR卫星姿态导引研究较少,在考虑轨道偏心率和系统天线指向误差情况下尚无明确的导引策略。基于合成孔径雷达(SAR)成像模型及椭圆轨道动力学理论,引入椭圆轨道的径向速度和法向速度分量,推导得到了椭圆轨道任意位置上多普勒中心频率的新的数学表达及分量分解。提出了面向低轨小偏心率轨道S频段合成孔径雷达(SAR)卫星的偏航导引、二维姿态导引方法以及采取不同轨道模型时的简化实现,分析得到了不同补偿方法的补偿效果以及天线指向精度对补偿效果的影响。根据仿真结果,结合卫星工程实现和地面成像处理难度,提出了以偏航导引为主,二维导引为辅的姿态导引策略,对低轨小椭圆轨道S频段SAR卫星姿态导引设计具有指导意义。

5S护理模式在改善慢性充血性心衰治疗态度和自我效能感中的效果观察

目的探讨研究5S护理模式在改善慢性充血性心衰治疗态度和自我效能感中的效果。方法选取2011年9月—2012年7月于本院进行治疗的70例慢性充血性心衰患者为研究对象,将其随机分为对照组(常规护理组)35例和观察组(5S护理模式组)35例,后将两组患者护理干预前和干预后1周的临床依从性及一般自我效能感量表评分进行统计分析及比较。结果观察组护理干预后1周的临床依从性较高率高于对照组,一般自我效能感也明显优于对照组,且观察组护理干预后的1周上述项目评估结果均优于护理前,P均<0.05。结论 5S护理模式可显著改善慢性充血性心衰患者的治疗态度和自我效能感,从而为治疗效果的改善提供了必要的前提。

The Reasons Why Women Do Not Participate in the Papsmear Screening and Testing Program in Sweden

Cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer among women worldwide. In Sweden cervical cancer is the fifteenth most common cancer among women and accounts for 1.9 percent of all female cancers. The Swedish Pap smear screening program is enabling early detection of cell changes in order that treatment may be administered to prevent the development of cancerous cells. There are approximately four hundred and fifty cases of cervical cancer detected each year in Sweden and of these cases, approximately seventy five percent occur in women who do not participate in the screening and testing program. The purpose of this study was to illustrate and examine the reasons why women did not participate in the program even though they had received a notice that they had an appointment for a Pap smear test. In the study fourteen women from a district in the west of Sweden were interviewed. In order to analyse the interviews a qualitative content analysis according to Lundman and Graneheim was used. The analysis resulted in the development of three categories which were identified as communication, treatment and subterfuge (reasons or excuses for not participating). The theme of the study was the professional treatment of the women’s conditions. In the interviews the women emphasize the importance of professional treatment that is administered with respectful and sympathetic care throughout the whole healthcare system regardless of where and when the visit was conducted. Efficient organization and clear communication would minimize the inconvenience for the women during their visit.

Anemia in Cameroon: A Social Approach

Viewed as hidden hunger, anemia is an indicator of poor nutrition and health status, especially for African pre-school children. Several actions are being carried out to combat anemia in Africa, without success. The fundamental step to improve this situation is to determine 1) mothers’ knowledge regarding anemia (symptoms/signs and etiologies), and 2) their attitudes towards anemia. The present effort was to determine 1) and 2) on mothers (n = 152) with children (1 - 5 years) through questionnaire. Data showed that the less educated the mother was, the more she gave the wrong definition of anemia. When these mothers have anemic children, 129 go to the hospital, 34 give grenadine (sweet soda), 14 go to the traditional healer, and 6 give the various decoctions. Our results showed that less-educated mothers had wrong anemia management, such as attachment to a visual logic that assimilates blood to food with red coloring. The actions must directly involve these mothers and the traditional healers to improve this situation.

英语中“N’s+N”结构的语义分析

(一)当代英语语法把所有格名词(Nouns inthe genitive case)归于限定词类,和名词搭配,构成名词短语(noun phrase),作为句子成分。它在句子中可作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语、补足语等。乍一看来,这样的短语并不难理解。

Development of the Investigation Tool of a Study State and Practical Use of MyPage

Internetwork environment at university has been improved to supply often the lecture materials to students through websites. Along with such a tendency, the number of students who use PC （Personal computer） has also increased during the lesson at university. Hereupon, the authors investigate whether the students will get high scores in tests when some limitations are imposed on the students＇ use of the PC during lecture and when they are not. The authors create the tool to check the students＇ learning situation and to grasp which student is performing the PC operations, which are not related to the ongoing lesson, during the lecture. Teaching assistant carrying the iPad is made to walk around the class during the lecture and collect data of the students. In addition, the authors develop ＂MyPage＂ that the students can be given access to their personal information including individual class absence/tardiness, lesson comprehension and question understanding level of them and after using MyPage, the authors examine its effectiveness as a tool and its relationship with their attendance rate.

Clinical Utilization of Nursing Process in Improving Patient’s Outcome and Its Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study among Nurses and Midwives Working at Njombe Regional Referral Hospital, Tanzania

Background: Improvement of patient care in any hospital depends primarily on the quality of nursing care. Nursing care is enhanced by the nursing process, which outlines the nursing activities to be provided for a patient. Methods and Materials: A cross sectional design employing quantitative methods was conducted in Njombe RRH in December 2021. Quantitative data were collected from nurses and midwives from all wards by simple random sampling techniques using a sample-size calculator. SPSS version 26.0 was used to analyse data whereby a p-value of 0.05 was considered a decision mark for the significance of the result;Chi-square and Logistic regression respectively were used to find out the association and its strength between variables. Result: Majority of the respondents, 41 (85.4%), had inadequate knowledge and 33 (68.8%) found them people with a negative attitude to the nursing process. Significantly, there is an association between knowledge and clinical utilization (AOR 2.24;95% CI: 1.6 - 2.5;P 0.04), attitude and clinical utilization (AOR 4.32;95% CI: 1.8 - 3.7;P Conclusion: A knowledge gap in relation to the utilization of the nursing process and a negative attitude were noted to be associated significantly with the utilization of the nursing process among nurses and midwives. It is recommended on-job training, supportive supervision, and Value Clarification and Attitude Transformation (VCAT) are the best interventions to address the knowledge gap and negative attitudes respectively.

Educating Children in the Family Created in the Second Marriage in Today＇s Lithuania

Since the end of the twenty-first century, relationships in the family have been rapidly changing in Lithuania. The changes correspond to changes in the birth-rate. The former model of birth-rate which was characterized by the prevalence of legitimate children, child-bearing at a younger age and which ensured a change of generations, it was replaced by a new model characterized by having illegitimate children, the postponement of child-bearing, and low birth-rate, which does not ensure a change of generations. Although love relationships, marriage, and children are still considered to be the recognized values, these changes have affected the conception of child＇s education in the family and the perception of child as a value. It is therefore relevant to evaluate future spouses＇ preparation for a modern marriage and to constantly improve it. Such preparation is usually understood as young people＇s readiness far their first marriage. Readiness for the second marriage and child＇s education in the second family are no less important though still insufficiently explored empirically and theoretically generalized. This paper explores attitudes to child＇s education in the second marriage. The research was conducted inquiring people who wanted to create a family or establish long-term relationships. They were members of the online dating site ＂Harmonious Couple＂.

浅析China、Chinese、China's及of China的不同用法

China、China’s、Chinese 及 of China 都可以修饰名词,而其用法又各呈特色,本文将对它们用法之差异略作阐释。首先我们对这四个词先作一下分析:China 既可用作名词又可用作形容词,作名词时意为“中国”,作形容词时意为“中国的,中国产的”;Chinese 同样既可用作名词,又可用作形容词,作名词时意为“中国人,汉语,中文”,作形容词时意为“中国的,中国人的,汉语的,中文的”;