Coupling coordination analysis of Mazu culture,socio-economy and ecological environment of Meizhou Island

Taking the pilgrimage,tourism and cultural island of Meizhou Island as an example,the evaluation index system of the coupling and coordinated development of“Mazu culture,socio-economy,eco-environment”(MSE)compound system was constructed.The index weights were determined by AHP-entropy method,and the coupling degree,coordinated degree,comprehensive evaluation index and grey correlation degree of MSE system of Mazu Island from 2012 to 2022 were measure.The results showed that:(1)the comprehensive evaluation indexes of the three subsystems was on the rise in general,but the evaluation index of the ecological subsystems increased relatively slowly.(2)The coupling degree was only in the running-in stage in 2012,and the other years were in the coordinated coupling stage.(3)The coupling coordination degree increased from 0.35 in 2012 to 0.82 in 2022,the coupling coordination level was changed from mild imbalance to good coordination.(4)Through the comparison of grey correlation degree,the 24 indexes in the evaluation index system had great influence on the coupling coordination degree of MSE system.The coupling coordination degree was closely related to the development of socio-economy and the spread of Mazu culture.With the rapid development of tourism brought about by the spread of Mazu culture,the pressure on the ecological environment will be increasing.Compared with the rapid growth of tourism and economy,it is equally important to strengthen environmental protection and pay attention to the quality of ecological environment development.

Numerical Simulation Analysis and Ecological Evaluation on Wind Environment of Dwelling Groups in Severe Cold Regions

The wind environment around residential building groups is increasingly concerned,while the dwelling groups as the elementary unit of planning design,its quality of surrounding wind environment will directly affect people's life. This study based on the climatic conditions of severe cold regions,selects four dwellings groups with different openings scale and position as the research objects,and then simulates and analyzes the wind speed distribution characteristics of each pattern. Meanwhile,it extracts the wind speed values of one hundred points of each pattern and applies the coefficient of uniformity method to the ecological evaluation. It has been found that grouping pattern of buildings has a dramatic effect on the resulting airflow behavior. Configurations that contain a T-shaped central space with small opened side can effectively prevent and contain airflow in the site offer. The interactive influence between layout of dwelling groups and wind environment are explored,so as to provide basis for the planning design of dwelling groups.

Evaluation of Ecological Environment in Jingxin Wetland Using Analytic Hierarchy Process

[Objective] The study aimed to assess the ecological environment in Jingxin wetland using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). [Method] Based on the field survey on Jingxin wetland in the downstream of Tumen River, as well as domestic and international indicators and methods of wetland ecological evaluation, ten indicators reflecting the environmental protection function, functions of the ecological system and social and cultural value of the wetland were selected to evaluate the ecological environment of Jingxin wetland using AHP. [Result] The comprehensive evaluation index ( CEI ) of Jingxin wetland was 0.7124, namely 0.7<CEI≤1.0, showing that the ecological environment in Jingxin wetland was better on the whole. Among the ten indicators, the functions of regulating flood, water supply, climate regulation, tourism and being an important animal habitat played important roles in the determination of the wetland value. [Conclusion] The research could provide theoretical foundations for the protection of ecological environment in Jingxin wetland.

Research on the Regional Ecological Environment Evaluation and Application under the Influence of the Severe Earthquake Disaster

To conduct the ecological restoration and reconstruction of disaster areas after the severe earthquake, such as Wenchuan Earthquake and Lushan Earthquake, this article uses region al ecological environment evaluation and ecological footprint to construct a quantitative analysis model on the basis of ecololgical environment indexes in Mianzhu City. Through this model, resource status of the regional environment in Mianzhu is analyzed, as well as the ecological capacity and the ecological security. Based on the evaluation and analysis, this paper provides multi-path development strategies of ecological restoration and sustainable development of human settlements after the earthquake.

Evaluation of Ecological Environment Quality of Typical Forest Parks

Forest tourist areas have an excellent ecological environment,which is conducive to people's physical and mental health.In this study,Fuzhou National Forest Park and Wuying National Forest Park were selected as typical representatives of the southern and northern forest parks,respectively,which were compared by qualitative and quantitative research methods from such five aspects as air quality,climate quality,water environment quality,acoustic environment quality and biological population in some forest areas.The results showed that Fuzhou National Forest Park has a concentration of negative oxygen ions much higher than Wuying National Forest Park,and is thus more conducive to people's health;and it has the characteristics of warm and comfortable climate throughout the year and high biodiversity,but the noise is 4.35 db higher than Wuying National Forest Park,and the water quality is slightly poorer than that of Wuying National Forest Park.And its DO value is about 3.89 smaller in autumn than in summer.In Wuying National Forest Park,the concentration of negative oxygen ions is 53.6% lower than Fuzhou National Forest Park,but it is also above the national standard.The climate is only comfortable in June-August,and is colder or cooler in other months.The water quality is better than that of Fuzhou National Forest Park.In particular,the PH value is about 0.38 lower than that of Fuzhou National Forest Park.It has its own unique biological characteristics.The number of tourists in summer is higher,resulting in higher noise in summer than in autumn.The two forest parks in the north and the south are both good places for people to relax and enjoy.

Ecological environment response of benthic foraminifera to heavy metals and human engineering: A case study from Jiaozhou Bay, China

The estuary and coastal zone are the key areas for socio-economic development,and they are also the important channels for pollutants transported to the sea.The construction of the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge changed the hydrodynamic condition of the bay,which made the self-purification capacity of the bay weakened and the pollution in the estuary and adjacent coastal zone become more serious.In this study,55 surface sediment samples were collected from the three seriously polluted estuaries and the adjacent coastal zone of Jiaozhou Bay to comprehensively study how the benthic foraminifera response to heavy metal pollution and human engineering,and to assess the ecological risks of the bay.A total of 80 species,belonging to 42 genera,were identified in this study.The results showed that Cu,Pb,Cr,Hg,Zn,and As had low to median ecological risks in the study area which would definitely affect the ecological system.The construction of the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge has resulted in pollutants accumulated at the river mouth of Loushan River,which has adverse effects on the survival and growth of benthic foraminifera.The lowest population density and diversity as well as the highest FAI(Foraminiferal Abnormality Index)and FMI(Foraminiferal Monitoring Index)occurred at Loushan River Estuary which indicated that the ecological environment of the northeastern part of Jiaozhou Bay(Loushan River Estuary)had been seriously damaged.Licun River and Haipo River estuaries and the adjacent coastal zone were slightly polluted and had low ecological risk.As a consequence,it suggested that the supervision of industrial and domestic waste discharge and the protection of the ecological environment in northeast Jiaozhou Bay should be paid more attention.

Thoughts on Integrated Monitoring of Ecological Environment at Provincial Level

The Law of Soil and Water Conservation entitles the administrations of water resources at various level to monitor ecological environment and to proclaim status of soil erosion periodically.Monitoring units of soil and water conservation approved by local governments are obliged to undertake this work.How to develop a monitoring program needs an overall and long-term concept.Particularity and objectives of ecological environment monitoring was discussed. Monitoring at provincial level may be divided into two levels:province-wide and at project level. Those indicators meaningful,sensitive to any disturbances,and simple to measure may be selected to test status of ecosystem stability and health.It makes sense to have an integrated sampling design,to set up permanent observation plots and to collect data, so that to have a relative timely,accurate understanding of ecosystems in the province.A program regarding sampling design,field methods, data analysis,documentation and implementation was detailed.

Land development suitability analysis for transport planning evaluation and optimization in mountainous ecological region

Transportation planning is a critical component for creating an orderly,intensive,and sustainable pattern of land development.By comprehensively considering the potential and suitability of transport construction,a comprehensive method combining resources and environmental carrying capacity(RECC)and land development suitability(LDS)was developed by using techniques of GIS,analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and threedimensional magic cube.Taking Aba prefecture in Sichuan Province of Southwest China as a case study,LDS for transportation was analyzed from three aspects,including overall planning layout,different transport modes,and transportation projects.The results showed that the transport planning scales of most counties in Aba were suitable,and the order of LDS of different transport modes was railway>highway=superhighway>tourism track,which already included 42 new transportation projects.We found that two counties(Maoxian County and Jiuzhaigou County)should improve the ecological protection level of transportation,in which the railway network construction should be encouraged,and some transportation projects with low LDS should be postponed or constructed harmlessly.We suggest the combination of RECC and LDS for transportation could enhance the territorial space optimization and sustainable transport construction.

基于蜣螂算法优化的投影寻踪生态环境评价方法构建

矿山开采会破坏和占用大量土地资源,对生态环境造成持久的负面影响,因此评价矿区生态环境质量变化迫在眉睫。为了准确监测矿区生态环境质量,以陕煤集团张家峁矿区2000—2023年24期逐年的Landsat影像为基础数据,通过计算绿度(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,NDVI)、湿度(Humidity Index,WET)、热度(Land Surface Temperature,LST)、干度(Normalized Differential Build-up and bare Soil Index,NDBSI)4项生态指标,并采用基于果蝇优化算法的投影寻踪(Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm-Projection Pursuit Clustering,FOA–PPC)、基于粒子群优化算法的投影寻踪(Particle Swarm Optimization-Projection Pursuit Clustering,PSO–PPC)、基于灰狼优化算法的投影寻踪(Grey Wolf Optimizer-Projection Pursuit Clustering,GWO–PPC)和基于蜣螂优化算法的投影寻踪(Dung Beetle Optimizer-Projection Pursuit Clustering,DBO–PPC)4种群智能优化算法构建矿区生态环境质量评价方法,并利用平均相关度进行精度验证。结果表明:①DBO–PPC模型的平均相关度和类内聚集度均高于PSO–PPC模型、FOA–PPC模型和GWO–PPC模型,且与EI指数更接近,表明DBO–PPC能更好的评估研究区生态环境;②基于DBO–PPC模型的张家峁矿区2000—2023年生态环境质量均值为0.4,生态环境质量以差和较差等级为主,面积占比约55.94%,空间上呈西部差东部好,常家沟水库的生态环境在研究期内表现为优等级,矿区东北部和中部区域的生态环境较好,植被覆盖较多;③矿区发生沉陷面积占比为81.28%,沉陷最大值达−0.15 m;采区发生沉陷现象面积占比明显高于矿区,占采区面积的89.56%,生态环境质量以−0.0004的速率下降,表明采矿活动使得研究区的地表发生了沉陷,进而影响到生态环境。综上所述DBO–PPC模型在监测评价矿区生态环境质量方面具有较强的合理性,从而为矿区生态环境可持续发展提供技术手段。

“一带一路”倡议下工程性人才集聚环境评价指标体系构建

人才集聚环境是促进人才集聚的原始动力。为了能够科学评价、分析和预测“一带一路”倡议下工程性人才集聚环境存在的优势与不足,基于生态系统理论构建了包括东道国国家环境、工程集群环境和国际工程企业环境的“一带一路”倡议下工程性人才集聚环境评价指标体系,并运用层次分析法计算了工程性人才集聚环境评价指标的权重。运用模糊评判法构建了评估模型,并以“一带一路”沿线国家马来西亚的中国水利国际工程企业为例,使用构建的评价指标体系对其工程性人才集聚环境进行评价。结果表明,2019—2020年马来西亚的中国水利国际工程企业工程性人才集聚环境整体属于“较好”等级,但仍然在文化、生活环境和工程集群环境等方面存在短板。未来,中国水利国际工程企业可以根据东道国国家环境情况采取差异化的项目型人才集聚措施,充分利用工程集群资源,提高自身竞争优势,健全人力资源属地化管理制度。

生态环境治理项目安全生产标准化评价模型及其应用

为提高生态环境治理项目安全生产标准化评价的准确性和客观性,针对安全生产标准化存在的管理缺陷及主要问题,首先结合相关文献和项目实际确定安全生产标准化评价指标体系,然后采用层次分析法计算各评价指标的权重,构建了安全生产标准化评价模型,最后应用安全生产标准化评价模型对某土地开发整理项目进行了实例应用与分析。结果表明,该评价模型适用于生态环境治理项目安全生产标准化量化评分,对今后生态环境治理项目安全生产标准化评价具有指导意义。

水生态环境遥感监测研究进展

水环境污染是影响全球水安全的突出问题之一。我国水资源分布、水资源利用和水环境差异十分明显,科学进行水生态环境监测、评估和规划,以遥感为代表的空间信息技术是必不可少的手段。分析了水生态环境存在的问题和传统监测方法的局限性,阐述了遥感技术在广域、连续和实时数据获取方面的优势,综述了遥感技术在水生态遥感监测、水环境参数遥感反演、面源污染遥感估算、重要引调水工程水生态环境监测以及突发污染事件响应中的应用进展,并展望了以流域为单元的水生态环境系统性治理、新型水生态环境遥感器技术与平台、多源数据融合与跨尺度监测以及“天空地”一体化水质监测体系的发展趋势。遥感技术发展日新月异,在水生态环境保护与管理中也必将大有作为。

长江经济带矿产——经济——生态环境系统耦合协调发展研究

为贯彻落实“共抓大保护,不搞大开发”的建设思想理念,实现长江经济带绿色可持续发展,基于2001—2019年长江经济带11省市的相关数据,构建了矿产资源—区域经济—生态环境评价体系。通过设定三大子系统的优先发展级,运用熵权法、耦合协调度模型定量分析不同优先级下的矿产资源—区域经济—生态环境系统耦合协调发展水平,并从中选取最优发展模式。结果表明:长江经济带三系统耦合协调发展特征显著,整体上由轻度失调区间上升至中级协调区间,且耦合协调度值上游<中游<下游。分省来看,耦合协调程度由低到高依次为云南、江西、贵州、安徽、湖南、上海、重庆、江苏、四川、浙江、湖北。除了湖北、浙江、四川三省位于良好协调区间外,其余8省市均位于中级协调区间。同时,“经济优先”仅适用于短期发展,“环境优先”更适合长期发展。故为促进长江经济带协调可持续发展,整体上应坚持以环境保护为重心的发展战略,个体上要进一步针对不同省市采取差异化的措施。

矿区受损生态系统修复与碳汇潜力的文献计量研究

[目的]矿业开采导致的受损生态系统因分布范围广、环境污染重、生态功能受损,严重威胁环境质量、生态安全和人民健康。在“双碳”目标背景下,矿区受损生态系统的修复是现阶段我国生态保护与修复的重点和难点之一。[方法]采用文献计量方法,针对2010—2022年间发表的914篇矿区生态修复相关文献进行分析,从矿区受损生态系统评价、生态修复技术、碳源/汇潜力及监测技术四个方面对矿区生态修复领域的研究进展进行了系统综述。[结果]矿区受损生态系统修复由“工程修复为主”向“系统生态修复”,由“条块化、分裂式”向“区域综合受损生态系统”转变;矿区碳源/汇与区域环境的碳循环机制研究逐渐深入;遥感等新兴技术手段的应用推动矿区修复监测评价体系的发展革新;法律法规和系统管控理念的完善、多学科的融合发展、“三生空间”的权衡博弈共同影响着退化矿区的修复效益。[结论]本研究明晰了当前矿区受损生态系统修复与碳汇潜力研究和应用的困境与挑战,展望后续研究的方向与可能,为未来矿区生态修复治理及监测评估提供参考。

2000—2021年图木舒克市生态环境质量动态监测与评价

为客观评价新疆图木舒克市驱动因素对其生态环境质量的影响,选取图木舒克市2000、2011年和2021年3期Landsat影像数据,耦合归一化植被指数(NDVI)、土壤湿度(WET)、干度(NDSI)、地表温度(LST)4个指标,分析主成分构建遥感生态指数(RSEI),结合研究区自然因素和社会经济因素,对图木舒克市近22 a来生态环境质量进行动态监测与评价。结果表明:(1)图木舒克市近22 a来RSEI均值从0.406升至0.476,生态环境质量变好面积远大于变差面积,改善区域主要分布在研究区中部、东南、西北地区,近22 a生态环境质量得到有效改善。(2)通过对图木舒克市驱动因素进行分析,当地生态环境质量受人口、国内生产总值(GDP)、耕地面积、气候等因素影响,在驱动因素中社会经济因素对当地生态环境质量有显著影响。(3)通过构建RSEI并分析其驱动因素对生态环境质量的影响,可以高效、准确地对当地生态环境质量进行动态监测与客观评价。

黄河流域(山东段)生态环境与农业耦合协调和高质量发展提升策略

运用熵权-TOPSIS法、耦合协调度模型评价黄河流域(山东段)23个区县2010年、2015年和2020年的生态环境与农业高质量发展耦合协调水平,并根据评价结果,从规划体系完善、区县级国土空间规划编制和机制体制建设3个方面提出黄河流域(山东段)生态环境与农业高质量发展规划提升策略。

关于构建新时期江苏农业农村生态环境监测体系的思考

系统梳理了农村环境监测工作现状,分析了江苏省农村环境监测工作存在的问题,突出表现在监测网络不完善、技术体系不完备、体制机制不健全、基础能力待加强、信息化水平须提升等方面。立足管理视角,以客观反映农村生态环境质量为目标,以有效服务和支撑农业农村环境监管为重点,从业务、责任、技术、保障4个方面提出了新时期江苏农业农村生态环境监测体系的建设思路。

Landsat8卫星OLI遥感影像在生态环境监测中的应用研究

利用美国2013年2月发射的Landsat 8卫星上运营性陆地成像仪OLI获取的太湖流域遥感影像数据,开展了其在大气能见度、蓝藻水华及建设用地等生态环境监测领域中的应用研究。研究表明,Landsat 8卫星向未来延续了Landsat系列的长时期对地观测能力,且观测性能有所优化,适合对区域能见度、湖泊蓝藻水华、生态系统格局等生态环境问题进行反演和分析,是生态环境监测的重要遥感信息源。

石化产业基地生态脆弱性评价研究

绿色高效的石化产业基地是生态经济协调发展的重要内容。基于石化产业基地和生态环境相关特性,联合熵权法、模糊层次分析法、德尔菲专家打分法,构建石化产业基地生态环境脆弱性评价指标体系及模型。考虑到评价过程中的不确定性因素,构建基于蒙特卡洛模拟法的生态脆弱性评价模型,并选取连云港石化产业基地进行实证分析,结果表明:“十三五”期间,连云港石化产业基地生态环境脆弱性水平呈递减趋势,计及随机因素的评价模型表现出较强的预测能力,所构建指标体系的科学性得以验证,可为改善我国特殊区域生态环境脆弱性提供参考。