[Objectives]This study was conducted to clarify the enrichment and paucity of trace elements in the soil environment of peach orchards in Zunyi City,and to provide reference for supplementary application of microeleme...[Objectives]This study was conducted to clarify the enrichment and paucity of trace elements in the soil environment of peach orchards in Zunyi City,and to provide reference for supplementary application of microelement fertilizers and high-quality peach production in peach orchards.[Methods]Taking the soil of three typical peach orchards(Taoli Renjia peach orchard,Pengrui peach orchard and Taohuadao peach orchard)in Shenxi Town,Honghuagang District,Zunyi City as the research object,the contents of trace elements in soil were analyzed through field sampling and indoor determination of trace elements.[Results]The effective contents of trace elements in the soil of peach orchard bases in the study area were at a medium level,and the soil of the peach orchards was rich in available Fe and Se.The contents of available Cu,Mo and Mn were relatively rich.The contents of available B were not high overall.The contents of available Zn were at a moderate to low level overall.The soil of Taoli Renjia peach orchard was relatively rich in trace elements.[Conclusions]The research results can provide a scientific basis for the production of high-quality crispy peaches in peach orchards.展开更多
The county economy serves as the fundamental unit in China’s economic development and construction.There exists a significant correlation between the quality and level of county economic development and the overall e...The county economy serves as the fundamental unit in China’s economic development and construction.There exists a significant correlation between the quality and level of county economic development and the overall economic construction level of the country.In recent years,China’s economy has experienced rapid growth,contributing to an improved living environment and substantial economic income for its citizens.However,this progress has also brought to light certain issues,such as an unbalanced industrial structure and inefficient resource utilization,leading to problems such as low efficiency and severe environmental pollution.Therefore,it becomes imperative to enhance the statistical monitoring and evaluation of high-quality county economic development.This approach aims to gather insights into the development status of the county economy and provide essential data support for decision-making in county economic development.Consequently,this paper proposes development suggestions for the statistical monitoring and evaluation of high-quality county economic development,serving as a crucial starting point for future initiatives.展开更多
Research on enterprise risk management capability is conducted with a view of discerning and processing risks, in which an evaluation index system and an evaluation model of enterprise risk management capabilities are...Research on enterprise risk management capability is conducted with a view of discerning and processing risks, in which an evaluation index system and an evaluation model of enterprise risk management capabilities are constructed. The risk management capability consists of four aspects, i.e. risk identification capability, risk assessment capability, risk planning capability and risk control capability. Risk identification and assessment capabilities reflect the level of enterprises on finding and analyzing risks efficiently, while risk planning and control capabilities reflect the level of enterprises on resolving risks effectively. Each of capabilities is then further divided into more detailed elements based on the characteristics of enterprise development for a quantitative analysis of enterprise risk management capability. The approach adopted is a quantitative technique based on the use of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Finally, a case is pulled in to illustrate the feasibility of the method from an empirical perspective. This study is expected to be helpful for enterprises in cultivating their core capabilities.展开更多
Reinforcement quality evaluation at the abutment is an important research direction. Prototype monitoring and theoretical derivation were integrated to study the replacement reinforcement quality in abutment contact z...Reinforcement quality evaluation at the abutment is an important research direction. Prototype monitoring and theoretical derivation were integrated to study the replacement reinforcement quality in abutment contact zones of the Xiaowan ultra-high arch dam. The principles of monitoring layout and design are introduced in detail. Prototype monitoring shows that the increment of the interfacial compressive stress is much larger in the impoundment stage than in the regulating stage. The water pressure and time-effect are two main factors affeeting the interfacial stress. The time-effect is the key factor in the initial impoundment stage, and the water pressure is the key factor after impoundment. The contact properties are significantly improved by grouting. This study shows that there are three typical stages in the joint opening hydrographs, namely the compression stage, opening stage, and stable stage. There is a nonlinear relationship between the joint opening and temperature, which can be well described by the S-function. In conclusion, the reinforcement effect is satisfying, and the abutment is safe.展开更多
In this paper, the Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation Moving Vector with Kalman filter (GSMaP_MVK) was evaluated and corrected at daily time scales with a spatial resolution of 0.1°;latitude/longitude. The...In this paper, the Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation Moving Vector with Kalman filter (GSMaP_MVK) was evaluated and corrected at daily time scales with a spatial resolution of 0.1°;latitude/longitude. The reference data came from thirty-four rain gauges on Kyushu Island, Japan. This study focused on the GSMaP_MVK’s ability to detect heavy rainfall patterns that may lead to flooding. Statistical analysis was used to evaluate the GSMaP_MVK data both quantitatively and qualitatively. The statistical analysis included the relative bias (B), the mean error (E), the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (CNS), the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and the correlation coefficient (r). In addition, Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) were used to conduct GSMaP_MVK data correction. The results of these analyses indicate that GSMaP_MVK data have lower values than observed data and may be significantly underestimated during heavy rainfall. By applying GAM to bias correction, GSMaP_MVK’s ability to detect heavy rainfall was improved. In addition, GAM for bias correction could effectively be applied for significant underestimates of GSMaP_ MVK (i.e., bias of more than 55%). GAM is a new approach to predict rainfall amount for flood and landslide monitoring of satellite base precipitation, especially in areas where rain gauge data are limited.展开更多
Rock slide is one of the common geohazard in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, and it affects the shipping of the Yangtze River and the safety of people living on the banks. In order to investigate the internal fractur...Rock slide is one of the common geohazard in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, and it affects the shipping of the Yangtze River and the safety of people living on the banks. In order to investigate the internal fracturing mechanism of rock mass, distributed microseismic monitoring network was arranged with 15 three component geophones(3C geophones), deployed at borehole and out of the sliding mass in the unstable Dulong slope. Stein Unbiased Risk Estimation(SURE) method was used to noise suppression for the microseismic record, and decomposition parameters of the Continuous Wavelet Transform(CWT) were determined with maximum energy of correlation coefficient(MECC) method. The signal-to-noise ratio was tripled after the process, and source parameters are obtained with full waveform inversion. The rupture volume model was counted by the irregular grid statistics with the events’ density. It shows that the rock slide is of a small scale and composed of a single block. Moreover, the relationship among microseismicity, displacement and rainfall were discussed in the paper. The deformation rate was dramatically changed in the period of intensive events. There is a good consistency especially in the rainfall period. Although there is a time delay, continuous rainfall is more likely to cause the increase of microseismic events. The results show that the Dulong slope is a shallow rock slide in the state of creep deformation, and the rupture mechanism of the rock mass is left-lateral normal fault with shear failure. The research provides more key information for the early warning and prevention of rock slides and helps to reduce the risk of geohazards.展开更多
Based on the monitoring results of environmental quality in the sea area near the Aojiang estuary in Wenzou during 2010-2012,the present situation of environmental quality in the sea area was analyzed and evaluated. T...Based on the monitoring results of environmental quality in the sea area near the Aojiang estuary in Wenzou during 2010-2012,the present situation of environmental quality in the sea area was analyzed and evaluated. The results show that p H,DO,CODMn,petroleum,and heavy metals( Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Hg,As and Cr) in the sea area near the Aojiang estuary did not exceed the second-class standard of Seawater Quality Standard( GB 3097-1997),but both inorganic nitrogen and reactive phosphate in the sea area exceeded the second-class standard seriously,and the water quality of the sea area was in an eutrophic state; domestic sewage and fertilizer loss were the main sources of nitrogen and phosphorus. The standard index of most evaluation factors of sediment quality except for Zn was smaller than 1,meeting the demands of sediment quality for environmental protection.展开更多
Smart grid puts forward higher requirements for power quality.Power quality evaluation can provide a decision-making basis for quality improvement.Based on power quality monitoring data,a grey target method is propose...Smart grid puts forward higher requirements for power quality.Power quality evaluation can provide a decision-making basis for quality improvement.Based on power quality monitoring data,a grey target method is proposed for power quality evaluation.The grey target is composed of power quality evaluation standard and power quality monitoring data to be evaluated.Combining with the characteristics of each power quality evaluation index,the target center of the whole grey target system is found.Then,the power quality monitoring data to be evaluated and the power quality standard mode are compared and analyzed to construct the power quality grey correlation difference information space.Finally,the target center coefficient and target degree of power quality are calculated to realize the comprehensive evaluation of power quality,and the evaluation grade of power quality monitoring data to be evaluated is obtained.Compared with the evaluation results of the existing literature,the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified,which shows that grey target theory is reasonable in the comprehensive evaluation of power quality.展开更多
Background:Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease with a high incidence rate in the Chinese army,which directly disturbs military training and affects soldiers’health.Influenza surveillance systems are ...Background:Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease with a high incidence rate in the Chinese army,which directly disturbs military training and affects soldiers’health.Influenza surveillance systems are widely used around the world and play an important role in influenza epidemic prevention and control.Methods:As a theater centers for disease prevention and control,we established an influenza monitoring platform(IMP)in 2014 to strengthen the monitoring of influenza-like illness and influenza virus infection.In this study,we introduced the constitution,influenza virus detection,and quality control for an IMP.The monitoring effect was also evaluated by comparing the monitoring data with data from national influenza surveillance systems.The experiences and problems associated with the platform also were summarized.Results:A theater IMP was established based on 3 levels of medical units,including monitoring sites,testing laboratories and a checking laboratory.A series of measures were taken to guarantee the quality of monitoring,such as technical training,a unified process,sufficient supervision and timely communication.The platform has run smoothly for 3 monitoring years to date.In the 2014–2015 and 2016–2017 monitoring years,sample amount coincided with that obtained from the National Influenza Surveillance program.In the 2015–2016 monitoring year,due to the strict prevention and control measures,an influenza epidemic peak was avoided in monitoring units,and the monitoring data did not coincide with that of the National Influenza Surveillance program.Several problems,including insufficient attention,unreasonable administrative intervention or subordination relationships,and the necessity of detection in monitoring sites were still observed.Conclusion:A theater IMP was established rationally and played a deserved role in the prevention and control of influenza.However,several problems remain to be solved.展开更多
With the aid of the properties of the hypersingular kernels, a geometric conversion approach was presented in this paper. The conversion leads to a general approach for the accurate and reliable numerical evaluation o...With the aid of the properties of the hypersingular kernels, a geometric conversion approach was presented in this paper. The conversion leads to a general approach for the accurate and reliable numerical evaluation of the hypersingular surface boundary integrals encountered in a variety of applications with boundary element method. Based on the conversion, the hypersingularity in the boundary integrals could be lowered by one order, resulting in the simplification of the computer code. Moreover, an integral transformation was introduced to damp out the nearly singular behavior of the kernels by the distance function defined in the local polar coordinate system for the nearly hypersingular case. The approach is simple to use, which can be inserted readily to computer code, thus getting rid of the dull routine deduction of formulae before the numerical implementations, as the expressions of these kernels are in general complicated. The numerical examples were given in three dimensional elasticity, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed approach, which makes it possible to observe numerically the behavior of the boundary integral values with hypersingular kernels across the boundary.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to monitor and evaluate indoor radon concentration in one district of Xi'an City. r Method] In order to master the effective dose per year caused by natural radiation to local residents...[Objective] The research aimed to monitor and evaluate indoor radon concentration in one district of Xi'an City. r Method] In order to master the effective dose per year caused by natural radiation to local residents, the investigation about the level of indoor radon in one district of Xi'an was developed. Based on the proper monitoring scheme, some typical living rooms were sampled. Through the measurement result, the effects of different factors on radon concentration were obtained. Finally, the radon concentration was transferred into the effective dose per year of local residents. [ Result] Indoor radon concentration in the district was during 49.680 -128.856 Bq/m3, and average concentration in each building was within 100 Bq/m3, which belonged to normal range. When sunny day became rainy day, radon concentration firstly had a rise trend. If continuous rainy weather appeared, indoor radon concentration gradually declined. When other conditions were same, indoor radon concentration under window closing was significantly higher than that under window opening. Indoor radon concentration had a decline trend from 13:00 to 20:00 and a rise trend from 01:00 to 06:00. Condusion The district belonged to radon safety house. To protect residents' health to the maximum extent, according to transfer change rule of the radon, window should be opened to ventilate in the morning when radon concentration was higher.展开更多
This paper presents the development of a liquid pressure based automatic monitoring device of the vertical displacement of oil pipeline that has good applicability to the extreme cold conditions of the permafrost regi...This paper presents the development of a liquid pressure based automatic monitoring device of the vertical displacement of oil pipeline that has good applicability to the extreme cold conditions of the permafrost region and is capable of automatic collection and transmission of monitoring data. The effectiveness of the device has been verified using total station measurement method and the results show that the device can intuitively indicate the vertical displacement of the pipe under the harmful influence of frost heaving and thaw settlement. According to the monitoring data, safety evaluation of the pipe during the monitoring period is carried out using stress-based design criteria and strain-based design criteria respectively. The analytic results with stress-based design criteria show that the pipe may be in a dangerous state while the results with strain-based design criteria show that the pipe is in a safe state. The design method with strain-based criteria is complementary to the design method with stress-based criteria. Separate use of either method is not recommended.展开更多
[ Objective] The aim was to compare the application of two bioassays to monitoring and evaluation of water quality. [ Method ] By using two bioassays (micronucleus detecting technology based on Vicia faba root tip ce...[ Objective] The aim was to compare the application of two bioassays to monitoring and evaluation of water quality. [ Method ] By using two bioassays (micronucleus detecting technology based on Vicia faba root tip cells and the bioassay by luminous bacteria), we monitored and evaluated seven kinds of single solutions respectively added different pollutants ( Hg, Cd, As, Cr6 + , Pb, I_A8 and CODc,) and a mixed solution added those seven pollutants. Afterwards, we compared their results under the same pollutant and concentration, so as to study the two bioassays' sensitivity and sensitive concentration to the seven pollutants. [ Result] Under the same pollutant and concentration, micronucleus detecting tech- nology based on Vicia faba root tip cells had responses to Hg, Cd, As and Cr6+ , but there was no response to Pb, LAS and CODer. However, the bioassay by luminous bacteria had responses to most pollutants except Cr6+. Comparing the sensitive degree and concentration to each pollutant, they can complement each other. For these seven pollutants, the bioassay by luminous bacteria was better than micronucleus detecting technology based on Vicia faba root tip cells. Meanwhile, from the testing result of the mixed solution, the combined toxicity of several pollutants in lower con- cantrations was serious. At the same time, contrasted to normal chemical methods, bioassays were fast and effective. [ Conclusion] The research could provide theoretical references for the correlation study of bioassays.展开更多
The authors selected the west part of Xinxiang City,Henan Province in the north China plain as a typical region and carried out assessments of the abundanca or deficiency of the trace ele- ments(B,Mn,Mo,Zn,Cu,Fe)in s...The authors selected the west part of Xinxiang City,Henan Province in the north China plain as a typical region and carried out assessments of the abundanca or deficiency of the trace ele- ments(B,Mn,Mo,Zn,Cu,Fe)in soil.It can be seen from results that more than 80% of the farmland is deficiency of zinc(<1.0ppm),40% of molybdenum(0.15ppm),38% of boron(0.5ppm),29% of manganese(100ppm)and 13% of iron(7.0ppm)and that the content of available trace ele- ments in soil are related to the topography closely.Next the proper application of trace elements on grain crops is presented.展开更多
The project of returning farmland to forest has been implemented and consolidated in Henan Province for 20 years.At present,it is in a critical transition period when the previous round of project of returning farmlan...The project of returning farmland to forest has been implemented and consolidated in Henan Province for 20 years.At present,it is in a critical transition period when the previous round of project of returning farmland to forests has completed and a new round of project of returning farmland to forests has started.Henan Province took counties(cities)with different representations as sample counties for monitoring the benefits of project of returning farmland to forests(key monitoring areas in Henan Province),and monitored social and ecological benefits every year,and has obtained real and scientific monitoring data.展开更多
The article analyses several key issues which restrict the effectiveness of fund project peer review work. It analyses the evaluating theory and matter-element theory to access the expert anti-evaluation model, and al...The article analyses several key issues which restrict the effectiveness of fund project peer review work. It analyses the evaluating theory and matter-element theory to access the expert anti-evaluation model, and also studies the expert anti-evaluation index system to support the anti-evaluation method. The practical basis is the true score data of the experts which is collected from the actual anti-evaluation in Liaoning province science and technology fund project peer review system. With the practical experience of the actual project, we prove that the expert index system anti-evaluation model and expert anti-evaluation method can improve the fund project peer review work and play a positive role for the peer review work and also make the review work more scientific and more rational.展开更多
According to the theory of petroleum system and the characteristics of petroleum geology, the Xihu depression in the East China Sea shelf basin is divided into four petroleum systems: the Pinghu Formation as source ro...According to the theory of petroleum system and the characteristics of petroleum geology, the Xihu depression in the East China Sea shelf basin is divided into four petroleum systems: the Pinghu Formation as source rock and the Huagang Formation as reservoir rock, the Huagang Formation as source rock and reservoir rock, the Paleocene as source rock and the burial-hill as reservoir rock, and the Miocene as source rock and reservoir rock. The system with the Pinghu Formation as source rock and the Huagang Formation as reservoir rock is the most important one in the depression, which has high hydrocarbon generation and accumulation efficiency and is the most important object to hydrocarbon exploration at present.展开更多
Based on analysis of a large data set and supplementary sampling and analysis for hazardous trace elements in coal samples from the Huainan Coalfield,a generalized contrast-weighted scale index method was used to esta...Based on analysis of a large data set and supplementary sampling and analysis for hazardous trace elements in coal samples from the Huainan Coalfield,a generalized contrast-weighted scale index method was used to establish a model to evaluate the grade of coal cleanliness and its regional distribution in the main coal seam(No.13-1)The results showed that:(1)The contents of Cr,Mn and Ni in the coal seam are relatively high and the average values are greater than 20μg/g.The contents of Se and Hg are at a high level while most other trace elements are at normal levels.(2)The cleanliness grade of the coal seam is mainly grade III-IV,which corresponds to a relatively good-medium coal cleanliness grade.However,some parts of the seam are at grade V(relatively poor coal cleanliness).(3)Coal of relatively good cleanliness grade(grade III)is distributed mainly in the regions corresponding to the Zhuji-Dingji-Gubei coal mines and in the eastern periphery of the Panji coal mine.Coal of medium cleanliness(grade IV)is distributed mainly in the regions of the Panji-Xiejiaji and Kouzidong coalmines.Relatively poor grade coal(grade V)is distributed in the southwest regions of the coalfield and the contents of Cr,As and Hg in coal collected from the relatively poor coal cleanliness regions often exceed the regulatory standards for the maximum concentration limits.展开更多
Concrete-plate fences have been widely adopted for windblown sand control and mitigation along railways.However,the inclination angles of inserting the concrete plate with respect to the vertical direction,i.e.,straig...Concrete-plate fences have been widely adopted for windblown sand control and mitigation along railways.However,the inclination angles of inserting the concrete plate with respect to the vertical direction,i.e.,straight or obliquely inserted concrete plates(SIP or OIP),significantly influence the efficiency of sand-control.This study performs a comparative evaluation of the SIP and OIP sand-control fences using wind tunnel testing and field monitoring data collected from the Lanzhou–Wulumuqi High-Speed Railway Project.The results show that the fence’s ability to reduce the wind speed and the sand-retaining efficiency gradually weakens with the increasing wind speed.Compared with the SIP fence,the OIP fence has a better wind speed reduction capability,stronger ability to capture fine particles below the top of the fence;it is more efficient for sand-retaining and induces stronger eddy intensity.Generally,the wind tunnel test and field monitoring results are consistent,whereas wind tunnel tests incline to overestimate wind speed reduction and sand-control efficiency.The study also finds that the aeolian sand accumulated around the fence can weaken the protection efficiency,and hence cleaning the aeolian sand accumulated around the fence should be done periodically to ensure the designed functions.展开更多
Dunhuang Yardang National Geo-park, situated in the Gansu Province of northwestern China (40°25′36″N-40°33′10″N, 93°00′00″E-93°13′30″E), was chosen as a research locality of aesthetics ev...Dunhuang Yardang National Geo-park, situated in the Gansu Province of northwestern China (40°25′36″N-40°33′10″N, 93°00′00″E-93°13′30″E), was chosen as a research locality of aesthetics evaluation of yardang landforms landscape. The yardang landforms landscape is a composite structural system of patch-corridor-matrix, with four landscape unit elements as dense group, sparse group, single body and remnant. The study of the landscape aesthetics spatial pattern of Dunhuang Yardang National Geo-park shows that yardang dense group, sparse group and single body provide the greatest contribution to the aesthetic value of yardang landforms landscape. Yardang bodies are scarce, unique, irreplaceable, and priceless resources in yardang landforms areas. However, they are easily destroyed under the influence of the natural and artificial factors. Therefore, when the tourism potential of yardang landforms landscape is exploited, the protection should be fully improved.展开更多
基金Supported by Zunyi City-School Joint Science and Technology R&D Fund (ZSKH HZ Z[2023]159)Natural Science Research Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education (QJJ[2022]067+3 种基金QJJ[2023]043)Guizhou Provincial Scientific Special Commissioner Innovation and Entrepreneurship Service Training Demonstration Base (HHG2023001)Zunyi Science and Technology Support Program (ZSKHZC NS[2023]15)Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Honghuagang District,Zunyi City (ZHKHSZ[2022]03)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to clarify the enrichment and paucity of trace elements in the soil environment of peach orchards in Zunyi City,and to provide reference for supplementary application of microelement fertilizers and high-quality peach production in peach orchards.[Methods]Taking the soil of three typical peach orchards(Taoli Renjia peach orchard,Pengrui peach orchard and Taohuadao peach orchard)in Shenxi Town,Honghuagang District,Zunyi City as the research object,the contents of trace elements in soil were analyzed through field sampling and indoor determination of trace elements.[Results]The effective contents of trace elements in the soil of peach orchard bases in the study area were at a medium level,and the soil of the peach orchards was rich in available Fe and Se.The contents of available Cu,Mo and Mn were relatively rich.The contents of available B were not high overall.The contents of available Zn were at a moderate to low level overall.The soil of Taoli Renjia peach orchard was relatively rich in trace elements.[Conclusions]The research results can provide a scientific basis for the production of high-quality crispy peaches in peach orchards.
文摘The county economy serves as the fundamental unit in China’s economic development and construction.There exists a significant correlation between the quality and level of county economic development and the overall economic construction level of the country.In recent years,China’s economy has experienced rapid growth,contributing to an improved living environment and substantial economic income for its citizens.However,this progress has also brought to light certain issues,such as an unbalanced industrial structure and inefficient resource utilization,leading to problems such as low efficiency and severe environmental pollution.Therefore,it becomes imperative to enhance the statistical monitoring and evaluation of high-quality county economic development.This approach aims to gather insights into the development status of the county economy and provide essential data support for decision-making in county economic development.Consequently,this paper proposes development suggestions for the statistical monitoring and evaluation of high-quality county economic development,serving as a crucial starting point for future initiatives.
文摘Research on enterprise risk management capability is conducted with a view of discerning and processing risks, in which an evaluation index system and an evaluation model of enterprise risk management capabilities are constructed. The risk management capability consists of four aspects, i.e. risk identification capability, risk assessment capability, risk planning capability and risk control capability. Risk identification and assessment capabilities reflect the level of enterprises on finding and analyzing risks efficiently, while risk planning and control capabilities reflect the level of enterprises on resolving risks effectively. Each of capabilities is then further divided into more detailed elements based on the characteristics of enterprise development for a quantitative analysis of enterprise risk management capability. The approach adopted is a quantitative technique based on the use of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Finally, a case is pulled in to illustrate the feasibility of the method from an empirical perspective. This study is expected to be helpful for enterprises in cultivating their core capabilities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No51139001)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant NoBK2009479)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Foundation of the State Human Resource Ministry for Returned Chinese Scholars(Grant No2009003)the Scientific Research Foundation for Doctors in Jiangsu Enterprises(Grant No2011-33)the Jiangsu Provincial Postdoctoral Sustentation Fund(Grant No1101049C)
文摘Reinforcement quality evaluation at the abutment is an important research direction. Prototype monitoring and theoretical derivation were integrated to study the replacement reinforcement quality in abutment contact zones of the Xiaowan ultra-high arch dam. The principles of monitoring layout and design are introduced in detail. Prototype monitoring shows that the increment of the interfacial compressive stress is much larger in the impoundment stage than in the regulating stage. The water pressure and time-effect are two main factors affeeting the interfacial stress. The time-effect is the key factor in the initial impoundment stage, and the water pressure is the key factor after impoundment. The contact properties are significantly improved by grouting. This study shows that there are three typical stages in the joint opening hydrographs, namely the compression stage, opening stage, and stable stage. There is a nonlinear relationship between the joint opening and temperature, which can be well described by the S-function. In conclusion, the reinforcement effect is satisfying, and the abutment is safe.
文摘In this paper, the Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation Moving Vector with Kalman filter (GSMaP_MVK) was evaluated and corrected at daily time scales with a spatial resolution of 0.1°;latitude/longitude. The reference data came from thirty-four rain gauges on Kyushu Island, Japan. This study focused on the GSMaP_MVK’s ability to detect heavy rainfall patterns that may lead to flooding. Statistical analysis was used to evaluate the GSMaP_MVK data both quantitatively and qualitatively. The statistical analysis included the relative bias (B), the mean error (E), the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (CNS), the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and the correlation coefficient (r). In addition, Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) were used to conduct GSMaP_MVK data correction. The results of these analyses indicate that GSMaP_MVK data have lower values than observed data and may be significantly underestimated during heavy rainfall. By applying GAM to bias correction, GSMaP_MVK’s ability to detect heavy rainfall was improved. In addition, GAM for bias correction could effectively be applied for significant underestimates of GSMaP_ MVK (i.e., bias of more than 55%). GAM is a new approach to predict rainfall amount for flood and landslide monitoring of satellite base precipitation, especially in areas where rain gauge data are limited.
基金supported by the Chongqing Administration of Science and Technology(Grants No.cstc2021jxjl20008,cstc2020jcyj-msxm X1068)the Chongqing Administration of Planning and Natural Resources(Grant No.KJ-2019018)。
文摘Rock slide is one of the common geohazard in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, and it affects the shipping of the Yangtze River and the safety of people living on the banks. In order to investigate the internal fracturing mechanism of rock mass, distributed microseismic monitoring network was arranged with 15 three component geophones(3C geophones), deployed at borehole and out of the sliding mass in the unstable Dulong slope. Stein Unbiased Risk Estimation(SURE) method was used to noise suppression for the microseismic record, and decomposition parameters of the Continuous Wavelet Transform(CWT) were determined with maximum energy of correlation coefficient(MECC) method. The signal-to-noise ratio was tripled after the process, and source parameters are obtained with full waveform inversion. The rupture volume model was counted by the irregular grid statistics with the events’ density. It shows that the rock slide is of a small scale and composed of a single block. Moreover, the relationship among microseismicity, displacement and rainfall were discussed in the paper. The deformation rate was dramatically changed in the period of intensive events. There is a good consistency especially in the rainfall period. Although there is a time delay, continuous rainfall is more likely to cause the increase of microseismic events. The results show that the Dulong slope is a shallow rock slide in the state of creep deformation, and the rupture mechanism of the rock mass is left-lateral normal fault with shear failure. The research provides more key information for the early warning and prevention of rock slides and helps to reduce the risk of geohazards.
文摘Based on the monitoring results of environmental quality in the sea area near the Aojiang estuary in Wenzou during 2010-2012,the present situation of environmental quality in the sea area was analyzed and evaluated. The results show that p H,DO,CODMn,petroleum,and heavy metals( Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Hg,As and Cr) in the sea area near the Aojiang estuary did not exceed the second-class standard of Seawater Quality Standard( GB 3097-1997),but both inorganic nitrogen and reactive phosphate in the sea area exceeded the second-class standard seriously,and the water quality of the sea area was in an eutrophic state; domestic sewage and fertilizer loss were the main sources of nitrogen and phosphorus. The standard index of most evaluation factors of sediment quality except for Zn was smaller than 1,meeting the demands of sediment quality for environmental protection.
文摘Smart grid puts forward higher requirements for power quality.Power quality evaluation can provide a decision-making basis for quality improvement.Based on power quality monitoring data,a grey target method is proposed for power quality evaluation.The grey target is composed of power quality evaluation standard and power quality monitoring data to be evaluated.Combining with the characteristics of each power quality evaluation index,the target center of the whole grey target system is found.Then,the power quality monitoring data to be evaluated and the power quality standard mode are compared and analyzed to construct the power quality grey correlation difference information space.Finally,the target center coefficient and target degree of power quality are calculated to realize the comprehensive evaluation of power quality,and the evaluation grade of power quality monitoring data to be evaluated is obtained.Compared with the evaluation results of the existing literature,the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified,which shows that grey target theory is reasonable in the comprehensive evaluation of power quality.
文摘Background:Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease with a high incidence rate in the Chinese army,which directly disturbs military training and affects soldiers’health.Influenza surveillance systems are widely used around the world and play an important role in influenza epidemic prevention and control.Methods:As a theater centers for disease prevention and control,we established an influenza monitoring platform(IMP)in 2014 to strengthen the monitoring of influenza-like illness and influenza virus infection.In this study,we introduced the constitution,influenza virus detection,and quality control for an IMP.The monitoring effect was also evaluated by comparing the monitoring data with data from national influenza surveillance systems.The experiences and problems associated with the platform also were summarized.Results:A theater IMP was established based on 3 levels of medical units,including monitoring sites,testing laboratories and a checking laboratory.A series of measures were taken to guarantee the quality of monitoring,such as technical training,a unified process,sufficient supervision and timely communication.The platform has run smoothly for 3 monitoring years to date.In the 2014–2015 and 2016–2017 monitoring years,sample amount coincided with that obtained from the National Influenza Surveillance program.In the 2015–2016 monitoring year,due to the strict prevention and control measures,an influenza epidemic peak was avoided in monitoring units,and the monitoring data did not coincide with that of the National Influenza Surveillance program.Several problems,including insufficient attention,unreasonable administrative intervention or subordination relationships,and the necessity of detection in monitoring sites were still observed.Conclusion:A theater IMP was established rationally and played a deserved role in the prevention and control of influenza.However,several problems remain to be solved.
文摘With the aid of the properties of the hypersingular kernels, a geometric conversion approach was presented in this paper. The conversion leads to a general approach for the accurate and reliable numerical evaluation of the hypersingular surface boundary integrals encountered in a variety of applications with boundary element method. Based on the conversion, the hypersingularity in the boundary integrals could be lowered by one order, resulting in the simplification of the computer code. Moreover, an integral transformation was introduced to damp out the nearly singular behavior of the kernels by the distance function defined in the local polar coordinate system for the nearly hypersingular case. The approach is simple to use, which can be inserted readily to computer code, thus getting rid of the dull routine deduction of formulae before the numerical implementations, as the expressions of these kernels are in general complicated. The numerical examples were given in three dimensional elasticity, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed approach, which makes it possible to observe numerically the behavior of the boundary integral values with hypersingular kernels across the boundary.
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to monitor and evaluate indoor radon concentration in one district of Xi'an City. r Method] In order to master the effective dose per year caused by natural radiation to local residents, the investigation about the level of indoor radon in one district of Xi'an was developed. Based on the proper monitoring scheme, some typical living rooms were sampled. Through the measurement result, the effects of different factors on radon concentration were obtained. Finally, the radon concentration was transferred into the effective dose per year of local residents. [ Result] Indoor radon concentration in the district was during 49.680 -128.856 Bq/m3, and average concentration in each building was within 100 Bq/m3, which belonged to normal range. When sunny day became rainy day, radon concentration firstly had a rise trend. If continuous rainy weather appeared, indoor radon concentration gradually declined. When other conditions were same, indoor radon concentration under window closing was significantly higher than that under window opening. Indoor radon concentration had a decline trend from 13:00 to 20:00 and a rise trend from 01:00 to 06:00. Condusion The district belonged to radon safety house. To protect residents' health to the maximum extent, according to transfer change rule of the radon, window should be opened to ventilate in the morning when radon concentration was higher.
文摘This paper presents the development of a liquid pressure based automatic monitoring device of the vertical displacement of oil pipeline that has good applicability to the extreme cold conditions of the permafrost region and is capable of automatic collection and transmission of monitoring data. The effectiveness of the device has been verified using total station measurement method and the results show that the device can intuitively indicate the vertical displacement of the pipe under the harmful influence of frost heaving and thaw settlement. According to the monitoring data, safety evaluation of the pipe during the monitoring period is carried out using stress-based design criteria and strain-based design criteria respectively. The analytic results with stress-based design criteria show that the pipe may be in a dangerous state while the results with strain-based design criteria show that the pipe is in a safe state. The design method with strain-based criteria is complementary to the design method with stress-based criteria. Separate use of either method is not recommended.
基金Supported by Scientific and Technological Planning Project of Tianjin City (05ZHGCNC01600)Special Scientific Research Fee of Central Public Welfare Institutes (2009-XYP-06)
文摘[ Objective] The aim was to compare the application of two bioassays to monitoring and evaluation of water quality. [ Method ] By using two bioassays (micronucleus detecting technology based on Vicia faba root tip cells and the bioassay by luminous bacteria), we monitored and evaluated seven kinds of single solutions respectively added different pollutants ( Hg, Cd, As, Cr6 + , Pb, I_A8 and CODc,) and a mixed solution added those seven pollutants. Afterwards, we compared their results under the same pollutant and concentration, so as to study the two bioassays' sensitivity and sensitive concentration to the seven pollutants. [ Result] Under the same pollutant and concentration, micronucleus detecting tech- nology based on Vicia faba root tip cells had responses to Hg, Cd, As and Cr6+ , but there was no response to Pb, LAS and CODer. However, the bioassay by luminous bacteria had responses to most pollutants except Cr6+. Comparing the sensitive degree and concentration to each pollutant, they can complement each other. For these seven pollutants, the bioassay by luminous bacteria was better than micronucleus detecting technology based on Vicia faba root tip cells. Meanwhile, from the testing result of the mixed solution, the combined toxicity of several pollutants in lower con- cantrations was serious. At the same time, contrasted to normal chemical methods, bioassays were fast and effective. [ Conclusion] The research could provide theoretical references for the correlation study of bioassays.
文摘The authors selected the west part of Xinxiang City,Henan Province in the north China plain as a typical region and carried out assessments of the abundanca or deficiency of the trace ele- ments(B,Mn,Mo,Zn,Cu,Fe)in soil.It can be seen from results that more than 80% of the farmland is deficiency of zinc(<1.0ppm),40% of molybdenum(0.15ppm),38% of boron(0.5ppm),29% of manganese(100ppm)and 13% of iron(7.0ppm)and that the content of available trace ele- ments in soil are related to the topography closely.Next the proper application of trace elements on grain crops is presented.
基金Supported by China National Fund for Monitoring of Ecological Benefits of Returning Farmland to Forests(2008-2021).
文摘The project of returning farmland to forest has been implemented and consolidated in Henan Province for 20 years.At present,it is in a critical transition period when the previous round of project of returning farmland to forests has completed and a new round of project of returning farmland to forests has started.Henan Province took counties(cities)with different representations as sample counties for monitoring the benefits of project of returning farmland to forests(key monitoring areas in Henan Province),and monitored social and ecological benefits every year,and has obtained real and scientific monitoring data.
文摘The article analyses several key issues which restrict the effectiveness of fund project peer review work. It analyses the evaluating theory and matter-element theory to access the expert anti-evaluation model, and also studies the expert anti-evaluation index system to support the anti-evaluation method. The practical basis is the true score data of the experts which is collected from the actual anti-evaluation in Liaoning province science and technology fund project peer review system. With the practical experience of the actual project, we prove that the expert index system anti-evaluation model and expert anti-evaluation method can improve the fund project peer review work and play a positive role for the peer review work and also make the review work more scientific and more rational.
基金This paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40172051) the Foundation for University Ke
文摘According to the theory of petroleum system and the characteristics of petroleum geology, the Xihu depression in the East China Sea shelf basin is divided into four petroleum systems: the Pinghu Formation as source rock and the Huagang Formation as reservoir rock, the Huagang Formation as source rock and reservoir rock, the Paleocene as source rock and the burial-hill as reservoir rock, and the Miocene as source rock and reservoir rock. The system with the Pinghu Formation as source rock and the Huagang Formation as reservoir rock is the most important one in the depression, which has high hydrocarbon generation and accumulation efficiency and is the most important object to hydrocarbon exploration at present.
基金the Key Research and Development Projects in Anhui Province(201904a07020071)the Science and Technology Project of the Department of Land and Resources of Anhui Province(2016-K-16)the Key Research and Development Projects in Anhui Province(1804a0802198).
文摘Based on analysis of a large data set and supplementary sampling and analysis for hazardous trace elements in coal samples from the Huainan Coalfield,a generalized contrast-weighted scale index method was used to establish a model to evaluate the grade of coal cleanliness and its regional distribution in the main coal seam(No.13-1)The results showed that:(1)The contents of Cr,Mn and Ni in the coal seam are relatively high and the average values are greater than 20μg/g.The contents of Se and Hg are at a high level while most other trace elements are at normal levels.(2)The cleanliness grade of the coal seam is mainly grade III-IV,which corresponds to a relatively good-medium coal cleanliness grade.However,some parts of the seam are at grade V(relatively poor coal cleanliness).(3)Coal of relatively good cleanliness grade(grade III)is distributed mainly in the regions corresponding to the Zhuji-Dingji-Gubei coal mines and in the eastern periphery of the Panji coal mine.Coal of medium cleanliness(grade IV)is distributed mainly in the regions of the Panji-Xiejiaji and Kouzidong coalmines.Relatively poor grade coal(grade V)is distributed in the southwest regions of the coalfield and the contents of Cr,As and Hg in coal collected from the relatively poor coal cleanliness regions often exceed the regulatory standards for the maximum concentration limits.
基金This research was supported by the Science and Technology Development Plan of China Railway Group Limited(Grant No.2015-kj035-g004-03).
文摘Concrete-plate fences have been widely adopted for windblown sand control and mitigation along railways.However,the inclination angles of inserting the concrete plate with respect to the vertical direction,i.e.,straight or obliquely inserted concrete plates(SIP or OIP),significantly influence the efficiency of sand-control.This study performs a comparative evaluation of the SIP and OIP sand-control fences using wind tunnel testing and field monitoring data collected from the Lanzhou–Wulumuqi High-Speed Railway Project.The results show that the fence’s ability to reduce the wind speed and the sand-retaining efficiency gradually weakens with the increasing wind speed.Compared with the SIP fence,the OIP fence has a better wind speed reduction capability,stronger ability to capture fine particles below the top of the fence;it is more efficient for sand-retaining and induces stronger eddy intensity.Generally,the wind tunnel test and field monitoring results are consistent,whereas wind tunnel tests incline to overestimate wind speed reduction and sand-control efficiency.The study also finds that the aeolian sand accumulated around the fence can weaken the protection efficiency,and hence cleaning the aeolian sand accumulated around the fence should be done periodically to ensure the designed functions.
基金supported by fund project from professor for "Yangtze River Scholar" of the Ministry of Education(No.801813)
文摘Dunhuang Yardang National Geo-park, situated in the Gansu Province of northwestern China (40°25′36″N-40°33′10″N, 93°00′00″E-93°13′30″E), was chosen as a research locality of aesthetics evaluation of yardang landforms landscape. The yardang landforms landscape is a composite structural system of patch-corridor-matrix, with four landscape unit elements as dense group, sparse group, single body and remnant. The study of the landscape aesthetics spatial pattern of Dunhuang Yardang National Geo-park shows that yardang dense group, sparse group and single body provide the greatest contribution to the aesthetic value of yardang landforms landscape. Yardang bodies are scarce, unique, irreplaceable, and priceless resources in yardang landforms areas. However, they are easily destroyed under the influence of the natural and artificial factors. Therefore, when the tourism potential of yardang landforms landscape is exploited, the protection should be fully improved.