We propose and investigate a novel metal/SiO_2/Si_3N_4/SiO_2/SiGe charge trapping flash memory structure（named as MONOS）, utilizing Si Ge as the buried channel. The fabricated memory device demonstrates excellent pr...We propose and investigate a novel metal/SiO_2/Si_3N_4/SiO_2/SiGe charge trapping flash memory structure（named as MONOS）, utilizing Si Ge as the buried channel. The fabricated memory device demonstrates excellent programerasable characteristics attributed to the fact that more carriers are generated by the smaller bandgap of Si Ge during program/erase operations. A flat-band voltage shift 2.8 V can be obtained by programming at ＋11 V for 100 us. Meanwhile, the memory device exhibits a large memory window of ~7.17 V under ±12 V sweeping voltage, and a negligible charge loss of 18% after 104 s＇ retention. In addition, the leakage current density is lower than 2.52 × 10^（-7） A·cm^（-2） below a gate breakdown voltage of 12.5 V. Investigation of leakage current-voltage indicates that the Schottky emission is the predominant conduction mechanisms for leakage current. These desirable characteristics are ascribed to the higher trap density of the Si_3N_4 charge trapping layer and the better quality of the interface between the SiO_2 tunneling layer and the Si Ge buried channel. Therefore, the application of the Si Ge buried channel is very promising to construct 3 D charge trapping NAND flash devices with improved operation characteristics.展开更多
The monosized macroporous-polymer beads based on cross-linked poly(glycidylmethacrylate) have been synthesized by a new improving method-combining dispersionpolymerization with swelling polymerization and polymeric so...The monosized macroporous-polymer beads based on cross-linked poly(glycidylmethacrylate) have been synthesized by a new improving method-combining dispersionpolymerization with swelling polymerization and polymeric solution porogens. The structure and gel chromatographic properties of the resins have been studied. The resins as matrix materials of various types of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) packings possess excellent separation展开更多
Monosize, 1.6 μm, magnetic beads of poly（glycidyl methacrylate） [M-poly（GMA）], were prepared by dispersion polymerization in the presence of Fe3O4 nano-powder. Monosize M-poly（GMA） beads were characterized by s...Monosize, 1.6 μm, magnetic beads of poly（glycidyl methacrylate） [M-poly（GMA）], were prepared by dispersion polymerization in the presence of Fe3O4 nano-powder. Monosize M-poly（GMA） beads were characterized by swelling tests, density measurements, electron spin resonance （ESR）, vibrating sample magnetometer （VSM） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The characteristic functional groups of M-poly（GMA） beads were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer （FTIR）. The M-poly（GMA） beads are highly uniform in size and have a spherical shape and non-porous structure. Polydispersity index （PDI） of M-poly（GMA） beads was calculated to be around 1.008. The hydrated density of the M-poly（GMA） beads measured at 25 ℃ was 1.14 g/cm^3. The content of oxirane groups on the surface of the M-poly（GMA） sample was found to be 3.46 mmol/g by using perchloric acid titration. The specific surface area of the M-poly（GMA） beads was determined to be 3.2 m^2/g. The equilibrium swelling ratio was 52%. The volume fraction of magnetite nanopowder in the M-poly（GMA） beads was found to be 4.5%. The g factor, that can be considered as a quantity characteristic of the molecules in which the unpaired electrons are located, was found to be 2.28 for M-poly（GMA）. The external magnetic field at resonance was calculated to be 2055 Gs which was found sufficient to excite all of the dipole moments present in 1.0 g of M-poly（GMA） sample.展开更多
This research aimed to investigate the effect of pulping conditions and refining intensities of wheat straw to be recommended for fluff pulp production.For this purpose,mono ethanol amine(MEA)was selected as a de-lign...This research aimed to investigate the effect of pulping conditions and refining intensities of wheat straw to be recommended for fluff pulp production.For this purpose,mono ethanol amine(MEA)was selected as a de-lignification agent at three levels of 50:50,25:75,and 15:85(MEA/water,W/V%),and soda-AQ 14 W/V%was used as a reference pulping.To investigate the optimal refining intensity,the obtained pulp was passed through a single disk laboratory refiner from 0 to 6 times and in two different consistencies(1.5 and 2.5 W/V%).Total yield,kappa number,ash content,and the Schopper-Riegler(SR°)freeness of the prepared pulps were investigated.Finally,hand sheets with a targeted basic weight of 70 g/m^(2) were made according to the related standards.The hand sheets were characterized using Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and a field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM).Sheet density,brightness,and mechanical properties such as burst,tensile,and tear indices were also investigated.The FE-SEM photographs showed that the texture of the hand sheet became denser as the refining intensity increased.External fibrillation on the surface of the fibers was also observed,especially on those refined with 2.5%consistency.The results of the chemical composition of wheat straw indicated that wheat straw containing a high percentage of holocellulose is an excellent candidate for the production of fluff pulp.The total yield and kappa number of MEA pulps increased with the decrease in MEA concentration.FTIR results indicated the presence of a peak related to amino groups in the pulp related to MEA pulp.The results also indicated that the mechanical properties of the papers,except for the tear index,were enhanced as the intensity of refining and the pulp consistency during refining increased.展开更多
Drought stress is themajor abiotic factor that can seriously affect plant growth and crop production.The functions of flavin-containing monooxygenases(FMOs)are known in animals.They addmolecular oxygen to lipophilic c...Drought stress is themajor abiotic factor that can seriously affect plant growth and crop production.The functions of flavin-containing monooxygenases(FMOs)are known in animals.They addmolecular oxygen to lipophilic compounds or produce reactive oxygen species(ROS).However,little information on FMOs in plants is available.Here,we characterized a tomato drought-responsive gene that showed homology to FMO,and it was designated as FMO1.FMO1 was downregulated promptly by drought and ABA treatments.Transgenic functional analysis indicated that RNAi suppression of the expression of FMO1(FMO1-Ri)improved drought tolerance relative to wild-type(WT)plants,whereas overexpression of FMO1(FMO1-OE)reduced drought tolerance.The FMO1-Ri plants exhibited lower ABA accumulation,higher levels of antioxidant enzyme activities,and less ROS generation comparedwith theWTand FMO1-OE plants under drought stress.RNA-seq transcriptional analysis revealed the differential expression levels of many drought-responsive genes thatwere co-expressed with FMO1,including PP2Cs,PYLs,WRKY,and LEA.Using Y2H screening,we found that FMO1 physically interacted with catalase 2(CAT2),which is an antioxidant enzyme and confers drought resistance.Our findings suggest that tomato FMO1 negatively regulates tomato drought tolerance in the ABA-dependent pathway and modulates ROS homeostasis by directly binding to SlCAT2.展开更多
The filling of rivers generated by carried solid deposit is a factor for the raising of height of rivers and thus activates the floods and inundations. The quantification of carried solid flow charges through their ch...The filling of rivers generated by carried solid deposit is a factor for the raising of height of rivers and thus activates the floods and inundations. The quantification of carried solid flow charges through their characterization and the analysis of hydrosedimentary dynamics is the second step of the investigation of the solid flow transport in the Mono river. This study aims to quantify the volume of trapped sediments in function of the variation of the geometry of the shape of sections of the river depending of the slope and the flow rate therefore to evaluate the capacity of transport of eroded solid flows of a watercourse from upstream to downstream. Consequently, the decreasing percentage of deposited alluvium from upstream to downstream is calculated along Mono river. Thus the drawn granulometric curve of sediments and the determinate granulometric characteristics of sediments permit to quantify the carried sediment charges at each chosen section with Engelund-Hansen model in Mono river.展开更多
建立了同时测定糖苷类表面活性剂产品中单糖和多糖含量的高效液相色谱法。采用Zorbax Eclipse Plus C_(18)色谱柱(4.6mm×100mm,3.5μm)分离,甲醇-水梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,蒸发光散射检测器检测。用葡萄糖和麦芽三糖为对照品,外...建立了同时测定糖苷类表面活性剂产品中单糖和多糖含量的高效液相色谱法。采用Zorbax Eclipse Plus C_(18)色谱柱(4.6mm×100mm,3.5μm)分离,甲醇-水梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,蒸发光散射检测器检测。用葡萄糖和麦芽三糖为对照品,外标两点法同时测定糖苷产品中单糖和多糖的含量。结果表明,单糖和多糖的检出限分别约为1.5和2.0μg/L,回收率分别为100.4%和99.1%。与既有方法相比,此方法可以同时分析产品中残留原料糖和副产物多糖的含量,且在分析非还原性单糖方面具有独特优势。展开更多
The perturbations of ATP on oscillatory reactions of monose (fructose or glucose)-acetone-Mn 2+ -BrO - 3-H 2SO 4 systems were investigated. The experimental results show that the induced times and periods of the oscil...The perturbations of ATP on oscillatory reactions of monose (fructose or glucose)-acetone-Mn 2+ -BrO - 3-H 2SO 4 systems were investigated. The experimental results show that the induced times and periods of the oscillating reactions are increased with ATP concentration. The kinetics behaviour of the pertubation is explained by FKN mechanism.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China under Grant No 2013ZX02303007the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No 2016YFA0301701the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No 2016112
文摘We propose and investigate a novel metal/SiO_2/Si_3N_4/SiO_2/SiGe charge trapping flash memory structure（named as MONOS）, utilizing Si Ge as the buried channel. The fabricated memory device demonstrates excellent programerasable characteristics attributed to the fact that more carriers are generated by the smaller bandgap of Si Ge during program/erase operations. A flat-band voltage shift 2.8 V can be obtained by programming at ＋11 V for 100 us. Meanwhile, the memory device exhibits a large memory window of ~7.17 V under ±12 V sweeping voltage, and a negligible charge loss of 18% after 104 s＇ retention. In addition, the leakage current density is lower than 2.52 × 10^（-7） A·cm^（-2） below a gate breakdown voltage of 12.5 V. Investigation of leakage current-voltage indicates that the Schottky emission is the predominant conduction mechanisms for leakage current. These desirable characteristics are ascribed to the higher trap density of the Si_3N_4 charge trapping layer and the better quality of the interface between the SiO_2 tunneling layer and the Si Ge buried channel. Therefore, the application of the Si Ge buried channel is very promising to construct 3 D charge trapping NAND flash devices with improved operation characteristics.
文摘The monosized macroporous-polymer beads based on cross-linked poly(glycidylmethacrylate) have been synthesized by a new improving method-combining dispersionpolymerization with swelling polymerization and polymeric solution porogens. The structure and gel chromatographic properties of the resins have been studied. The resins as matrix materials of various types of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) packings possess excellent separation
文摘Monosize, 1.6 μm, magnetic beads of poly（glycidyl methacrylate） [M-poly（GMA）], were prepared by dispersion polymerization in the presence of Fe3O4 nano-powder. Monosize M-poly（GMA） beads were characterized by swelling tests, density measurements, electron spin resonance （ESR）, vibrating sample magnetometer （VSM） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The characteristic functional groups of M-poly（GMA） beads were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer （FTIR）. The M-poly（GMA） beads are highly uniform in size and have a spherical shape and non-porous structure. Polydispersity index （PDI） of M-poly（GMA） beads was calculated to be around 1.008. The hydrated density of the M-poly（GMA） beads measured at 25 ℃ was 1.14 g/cm^3. The content of oxirane groups on the surface of the M-poly（GMA） sample was found to be 3.46 mmol/g by using perchloric acid titration. The specific surface area of the M-poly（GMA） beads was determined to be 3.2 m^2/g. The equilibrium swelling ratio was 52%. The volume fraction of magnetite nanopowder in the M-poly（GMA） beads was found to be 4.5%. The g factor, that can be considered as a quantity characteristic of the molecules in which the unpaired electrons are located, was found to be 2.28 for M-poly（GMA）. The external magnetic field at resonance was calculated to be 2055 Gs which was found sufficient to excite all of the dipole moments present in 1.0 g of M-poly（GMA） sample.
基金This study was financially supported by Iranian National Science Foundation(project number of 4020345).
文摘This research aimed to investigate the effect of pulping conditions and refining intensities of wheat straw to be recommended for fluff pulp production.For this purpose,mono ethanol amine(MEA)was selected as a de-lignification agent at three levels of 50:50,25:75,and 15:85(MEA/water,W/V%),and soda-AQ 14 W/V%was used as a reference pulping.To investigate the optimal refining intensity,the obtained pulp was passed through a single disk laboratory refiner from 0 to 6 times and in two different consistencies(1.5 and 2.5 W/V%).Total yield,kappa number,ash content,and the Schopper-Riegler(SR°)freeness of the prepared pulps were investigated.Finally,hand sheets with a targeted basic weight of 70 g/m^(2) were made according to the related standards.The hand sheets were characterized using Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and a field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM).Sheet density,brightness,and mechanical properties such as burst,tensile,and tear indices were also investigated.The FE-SEM photographs showed that the texture of the hand sheet became denser as the refining intensity increased.External fibrillation on the surface of the fibers was also observed,especially on those refined with 2.5%consistency.The results of the chemical composition of wheat straw indicated that wheat straw containing a high percentage of holocellulose is an excellent candidate for the production of fluff pulp.The total yield and kappa number of MEA pulps increased with the decrease in MEA concentration.FTIR results indicated the presence of a peak related to amino groups in the pulp related to MEA pulp.The results also indicated that the mechanical properties of the papers,except for the tear index,were enhanced as the intensity of refining and the pulp consistency during refining increased.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31872123)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0333)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.XDJK2020B060).
文摘Drought stress is themajor abiotic factor that can seriously affect plant growth and crop production.The functions of flavin-containing monooxygenases(FMOs)are known in animals.They addmolecular oxygen to lipophilic compounds or produce reactive oxygen species(ROS).However,little information on FMOs in plants is available.Here,we characterized a tomato drought-responsive gene that showed homology to FMO,and it was designated as FMO1.FMO1 was downregulated promptly by drought and ABA treatments.Transgenic functional analysis indicated that RNAi suppression of the expression of FMO1(FMO1-Ri)improved drought tolerance relative to wild-type(WT)plants,whereas overexpression of FMO1(FMO1-OE)reduced drought tolerance.The FMO1-Ri plants exhibited lower ABA accumulation,higher levels of antioxidant enzyme activities,and less ROS generation comparedwith theWTand FMO1-OE plants under drought stress.RNA-seq transcriptional analysis revealed the differential expression levels of many drought-responsive genes thatwere co-expressed with FMO1,including PP2Cs,PYLs,WRKY,and LEA.Using Y2H screening,we found that FMO1 physically interacted with catalase 2(CAT2),which is an antioxidant enzyme and confers drought resistance.Our findings suggest that tomato FMO1 negatively regulates tomato drought tolerance in the ABA-dependent pathway and modulates ROS homeostasis by directly binding to SlCAT2.
文摘The filling of rivers generated by carried solid deposit is a factor for the raising of height of rivers and thus activates the floods and inundations. The quantification of carried solid flow charges through their characterization and the analysis of hydrosedimentary dynamics is the second step of the investigation of the solid flow transport in the Mono river. This study aims to quantify the volume of trapped sediments in function of the variation of the geometry of the shape of sections of the river depending of the slope and the flow rate therefore to evaluate the capacity of transport of eroded solid flows of a watercourse from upstream to downstream. Consequently, the decreasing percentage of deposited alluvium from upstream to downstream is calculated along Mono river. Thus the drawn granulometric curve of sediments and the determinate granulometric characteristics of sediments permit to quantify the carried sediment charges at each chosen section with Engelund-Hansen model in Mono river.
文摘建立了同时测定糖苷类表面活性剂产品中单糖和多糖含量的高效液相色谱法。采用Zorbax Eclipse Plus C_(18)色谱柱(4.6mm×100mm,3.5μm)分离,甲醇-水梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,蒸发光散射检测器检测。用葡萄糖和麦芽三糖为对照品,外标两点法同时测定糖苷产品中单糖和多糖的含量。结果表明,单糖和多糖的检出限分别约为1.5和2.0μg/L,回收率分别为100.4%和99.1%。与既有方法相比,此方法可以同时分析产品中残留原料糖和副产物多糖的含量,且在分析非还原性单糖方面具有独特优势。
文摘The perturbations of ATP on oscillatory reactions of monose (fructose or glucose)-acetone-Mn 2+ -BrO - 3-H 2SO 4 systems were investigated. The experimental results show that the induced times and periods of the oscillating reactions are increased with ATP concentration. The kinetics behaviour of the pertubation is explained by FKN mechanism.
