Determination of the Neoproterozoic Shicaogou Syn-collisional Granite in the Eastern Qinling Mountains and Its Geological Implications

The Shicaogou granite has been identified as a magnesian (Fe-number=0.71-0.76), calcic to calc-alkalic (MALI=3.84-5.76) and peraluminous (ASI=1.06-1.13) granite of the syn-collisional S-type, with high SiO2(>71%), A12O3 (>13%) and Na2O+K2O (6.28%-7.33%, equal for NaO2 and K2O). Trace element and REE analyses show that the granite is rich in LILE such as of Rb, Sr, Ba and Th, and poor in HFSE like Yb, Y, Zr and Hf. Its Rb/Sr ratio is greater than 1; the contents of Nb and Ta, and the ratio of Nb/Ta as well as the REE geochemical features (e.g. REE abundance, visible fractionation of LREE and HREE and medium to pronounced negative Eu anomalies) are all similar to those of crust-origin, continent-continent syn-collisional granite. Moreover, the granite exhibits almost the same pattern as that of the typical continent-continent syn-collisional granite on the spider diagram and all samples fall within the syn-collisional granite field.The cathodoluminescence (CL) investigations have revealed that the zircon from the Shicaogou granite represents a typical magmatic product characterized by its colorless, transparent and euhedral crystals, and distinct zoning of oscillatory bands. Residual cores of irregular zircon can be found in a few enhedral grains. Trace element studies of the zircon grains, with high contents of P, Y, Hf, Th, U and REE and high ratios of Th/U, obviously positive Ce anomalies and HREE enrichment compared to LREE, also result in the same conclusion.The LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotopic data from 24 spots of 21 zircon grains demonstrate that 20 spots in the oscillatory zone yield an average weighted 206Pb/238U age of 925±11 Ma, indicating that the Shicaogou granite was formed in the Neoproterozoic. Combined with other Neoproterozoic syn-collisional granites found in the study area, the present geochronological determination can further reveal that collision-amalgamation events could have occurred among some continental blocks in the Qinling orogenic belt during the Neoproterozoic. This in turn provides an accurate chronological constraint on the Neoproterozoic break-up and convergence in the belt.

Cholinergic input from the pedunculopontine nucleus to the cerebellum: implications for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease

Deep brain stimulation（DBS）is a well established electrophysiological treatment initially applied to treat medication-refractory motor symptoms in Parkinson＇s disease（PD）,and is now being explored for several neurological and psychiatric disorders.The specific physiological mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of DBS are not fully understood.

China's CDM Policies and Their Development Implications:Major Concerns for CDM Implementation

Most CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) opportunities exist in some large industrializing developing countries. For instance, China is estimated to take 48% of the world potential for CDM project activities. In reality, however, the share by China over the CDM projects registered and CDM projects in the pipeline is less than 10% as of Auguest 2005. This paper will examine the reasons behind, as reflected in China's CDM policies. Further investigation will be made into the use of these policies to boost the country's sustainable development, the sustainable development implications and effects of these policies. In addition, it is noted that incompatibility of some other Chinese laws and policies can be responsible for the low level and slow pace of CDM implementation in China and some suggestions are offered for promoting CDM project activities in China. There also exist barriers at the international level that impedes implementation of CDM project activities. A conclusion is drawn that CDM policies in a developing country like China aim mainly at promotion of sustainable development and to a lesser extent the generation of CERs.

Europe's "Division" and Its Implications

Just as France and Germany took an increasingly divergent stand with the United States over the Iraq issue, on January 3rd, 2003, eight countries including Britain, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, Czech Republic and Hungary made a joint statement in the British Times, appealing to Europe to act in concert with U. S. over the issue of using force against Iraq.

Reform of Japan’s Land Planning and Implications to China

This paper first briefly summarized the current state of exploration and construction of China’s land space planning.Then,it analyzed Japan’s land planning reform,studied its spatial planning process and explored relevant reform paths to obtain relevant experience.Through analyzing and summarizing the experience in the exploration of Japan’s land space planning in combination with China’s specific national conditions,it is intended to draw implications for China’s land space planning in the new era,in order to provide references for the future operation of related actual projects of land planning and exploration of related strategic theories.

Melastatin-related transient receptor potential 2 channel in Aβ_(42)-induced neuroinflammation: implications to Alzheimer's disease mechanism and development of therapeutics

Alzheimer’s disease （AD） is an age-related eurodegenerative disease that represents the most common cause of dementia among the elderly people. With the increasingly aging population, AD has presented an overwhelming healthcare challenge to modern society; the World Alzheimer Report 2015 has estimated that 46.8 million people worldwide lived with dementia in 2015 and this number will rise to 74.7 million in 2030 and that the total cost of dementia was 818 billion in US$ in 2015 and will reach two trillion in 2030. Post-mortem studies have identified two histopathological hallmarks in the brains of AD patients; extracellular senile plaque with elevated deposition of amyloid β （Aβ） peptides, and intracellular neurofibrillary tangle composed of hyper-phosphorylated microtubule-associated protein tau.Etiologically, progressive neuronal loss within the cerebral cortex and hippocampus regions of the brain leads to irreversible decline in, and eventually complete loss of, memory and other cognitive functions that afflict AD patients. The widely-accepted amyloid cascade hypothesis for AD pathogenesis holds that accumulation and aggregation of neurotoxic Aβ peptides, due to imbalance of their generation and clearance as a result of changes in genetic makeup, aging and/or exposure to environmental risk factors, is a major and early trigger of AD. This hypothesis has continuously gained support by preclinical and clinical studies （Selkoe and Hardy, 2016）. However, the intensive and costly drug discovery efforts over the past decades based on such a hypothesis have proved extremely frustrating in developing effective therapeutics to treat or slow down the progress of AD, highlighting the need for more research to improve our understanding towards the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which Aβ peptides bring about neurotoxicity and cognitive dysfunction.

Foresights, Expectations and Implications of China＇s Foreign Language Proficiency Scaling and Rating Framework

Referring to the well established foreign language proficiency evaluation scale frameworks such as the CEFR （Common European Framework of Reference for Languages） in Europe and ILR （The Interagency Language Roundtable） scale in the United States, Chinese language education authority is dedicating great efforts to the contruction of the Chinese targeted and tailored national proficiency evaluation system. This initiative will tremendously subvert the traditional language learning and testing mechanism, bring phenomenal transformations and innovations to the future language learning and teaching approaches and methodologies, and meanwhile impose great influence on the language concerning administration and profession.

R/S Analyses of Some Geochemical Indexes for Tianshuihai Lake Core in West Kunlun Mountain and Their Environmental Implications

With the decrease of global temperature, glacial epoch came over the earth and global climate fluctuated over a great range since the beginning of Quaternary. Paleoclimotologists of various countries have focussed attention to the periodic characteristics and dynamics of climatic fluctuation in the past many years (Berger, 1977; Imbrie and Hays, 1984; Ding Zhongli et al., 1990; Yu Zhiwei et al., 1992; Liu Youmei et al., 1996). Although some of the workers have paid their attention to the nonlinear characteristics of the global Quaternary environmental evolution (Nicolis and Nicolis, 1984; Lu Houyuan et al., 1993), it is worth while to do this kind of work in some special areas in the world, for example the Qinghai\|Tibet Plateau.\; Using R/S analysis, the authors calculated the Hurst indexes H of some geochemical proxies, including organic carbon, FeO, Fe\-2O\-3 and FeO/ Fe\-2O\-3, from the Tianshuihai Lake core in West Kunlun Mountain of the Qinghai\|Tibet Plateau. The proxies satisfy the Hurst law with H\-\{org.carbon\}=0.735, H\-\{Fe\-2O\-3\}=0.757, H\-\{FeO\}=0.848 and H\-\{FeO/Fe\-2O\-3\}=0.646. All the indexes are greater than 0.5, meaning that from 240 to 15 ka B.P., there were some long\|run dependencies\|persistence in the climatic and environmental evolution around the Tianshuihai Lake area. This is in accordance with the climate there from 240 to 15 ka B.P. (Yu Suhua et al., 1996). The paleo\|climate and paleo\|environment evolution around the Tianshuihai Lake area is of persistence as well as of fluctuation and is a combination of these two components. There are some differences between the four Hurst indexes, which probably resulted from the different intensities of persistence of the four proxies, organic carbon, FeO, Fe\-2O\-3 and FeO/ Fe\-2O\-3, or from the change of drainage system around the Tianshuihai Lake area from openness to closeness(Li Bingyuan et al., 1991; Sun Honglie, 1996; Shi Yafeng et al., 1998).\; The Qinghai\|Tibet plateau was the starter and sensor of the climatic and environmental variation of the surrounding areas (Yao Tandong et al., 1991; Feng Song et al., 1998) and some other scientists even regarded it as the driver and amplifier of global climatic variations (Pan Baotian and Li Jijun, 1996). The persistence in which the climate and environment around the Tianshuihai Lake area evolved from 240 to 15 ka B.P. is probably a function of the continuous uplift of the plateau in the same period of time.

Diplomatic Implications of Women＇s Work in American Consumer Society

American foreign policies have observed guiding principles of democracy, yet an overemphasis on political values leads to more conflicts than mutual understandings in today＇s world. Therefore, this paper proposes that exploring diplomatic implications of ＂women＇s work＂ provides new insights into cultural values of the Four Freedomsmmajor pillars supporting modern American liberalism. This paper foregrounds the domestic and diplomatic significance of ＂women＇s work＂ by analyzing women＇s contributions as laborers at home, in the labor force, and in American consumer society. As American women participated in the paid labor force and took up most consumptive activities, women outside America also worked hard to provide food and care for families. This paper argues that a more comprehensive definition of＂women＇s work＂ is not only indispensable for the development of American industry, consumer society, and the expansion of marketplace, but integrates a system of dualisms separating wage labor and housework, or divisions between spheres of men and women. Moreover, investigations into hidden values of women＇s work alleviate worries arising from information revolution and economic globalization. Moreover, placing women＇s work in perspective enables diplomats to see through factors leading to international hostilities, to reduce conflicts arising from information revolution and economic globalization, and to understand America＇s soft power pertinently.

China's Construction of Democratic Politics and Its Implications——Speech at the Fourth Bali Democracy Forum

Your Excellency President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, Dear Chairman, ladies and gentlemen, I am very glad to have this op- portunity to attend the fourth Bali Democracy Forum. Today, state leaders and experts from different countries gather together at Bali, the beautiful ＂Flower Island,＂ to share experience and exchange views of developing democracy, and explore ways to promote the democratic de- velopment of our own countries.

Combining the Rule of Law with the Rule of Morality——General Secretary Xi Jinping's Important Discourse on the Relationship Between the Rule of Law and Rule by Virtue

Key points:Throughout the ages,rule of law has been an indispensable means of governing a state.However,as General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out,it is not enough to govern a state by the rule of law

Emotional Value Care to Promote Emotional Communication Between Teachers and Students Under the New Era of Education Mode

With the development of the times and the progress of the society,the ancient education mode can no longer meet the requirements of the times.The concept of educating people must keep pace with the times.The way teachers and students get along is no longer like in ancient times,where teachers teach students to listen.In the new era,it is necessary to build a new model of interaction between teachers and students.If educators pay attention and come to understand students’psychology,listen to students’aspirations,tend to students’emotions,grow in love for education,and treat students from their hearts,they would be able to win the favor of students.Paying attention to students’emotional value can promote emotional communication between teachers and students.It is possible to adapt to the requirements of the new era for the construction of morality and ethics among teachers by caring for students’emotional value.

师风与师德治理

教师的职业道德不能简单地以师德规范进行判定,师德规范背后还有更高的价值,即师风。师风决定于教育的本质和职能。根据教育在农业文明、工业文明和信息文明的不同职能,提炼出了为人师表、传道授业、指引促进这三个迭代融合的师风。依据师风进行师德评判可以使师德治理跟教育本质保持一致性,否则,师德治理就容易流于道德实在论,将师德规范仅仅看作外在权威的强制性“要求”,而不是教师职业成长的“需要”;评价师德行为也会倾向于根据规范的字面意思而不是它的精神实质,或依据行为的结果而不是动机。有了师风,师德治理会赋予教师无限的创造空间,使教师在更高层次上体现教育家精神。

cMOOC的道德意蕴、 联通责任与教学协同

cMOOC是以联通主义学习理论为指导的大规模在线开放课程形态。互联网基因“开放、共享”使得cMOOC富含“互联互通、共有共在”的道德价值,同时要求cMOOC应秉持“赋能激活、共享共创”的道德行为要求。cMOOC的道德意蕴体现为外在“互联互通、共有共在”与内在“赋能激活、共享共创”的统一,这也使得“理知呈现、对话合作、共创意义”成为cMOOC中联通成功的道德行为要求与共同责任。作为“教与学”同体与异构的课程共同体,cMOOC中联通的数字化为“教赋能于学”提供了条件与优势,教与学的协同统一是达成“教赋能于学”的可靠路径。

爱伦·坡《黑猫》中的不可靠叙述与道德寓意

爱伦·坡是美国著名的诗人、短篇小说家,受到国内外批评界广泛关注。就其短篇小说而言,学界尤其关注他的恐怖短篇小说,聚焦人物的变态心理和行动、故事的离奇怪诞、谋杀的恐怖效果,分析叙事中的残暴恐怖事件给读者带来的惊悚和震愕,但对其小说蕴含的道德寓意关注不多。通过细读短篇小说《黑猫》,可以发现坡塑造了一位为逃脱法律责任而隐瞒杀妻真相的不可靠叙述者。本文运用不可靠叙述理论,分析叙述者在“三大轴”上的不可靠叙述,特别是叙述者的拉近型不可靠叙述所具有的迷惑性和欺骗性,揭示作为叙述者的人物“我”的性格的暴戾乖张、伪善自私,以及作品蕴含的道德寓意,从而激发读者对人性善恶的思考。

哲学视域下教师发展的德性存在、构成与实践

教师德性是教师发展内在、自主的驱动力量,是教师得以实现持续性发展的逻辑起点。这一德性存在根植于关系视域,以教师的社会性存在为基础,呈现为人与物的关系、人与人的关系。教师在发展过程中要具有时代性的德性知识、审辩性的德性能力、超越性的德性信仰。只有在人自觉、对象性的活动中,综合性的德性品格才会生成,因此还要关注教师发展的德性实践,了解教师生活活动样态中内在善的生成与外在善的实现。只有在哲学视域下建构起对教师德性的存在、构成和实践的整体逻辑认知,才能促进教师发展的自主和持续性发生。

辽东猫岭金矿床S-Pb同位素特征及其地质意义？

猫岭金矿位于辽宁省盖县太平庄乡境内,目前已探明金储量在25 t左右（喻钢等,2005）。该矿床以品位低、储量大、含砷高为特点,备受矿床学家瞩目。1成矿地质背景猫岭金矿大地构造位于华北克拉通北缘“胶-辽-吉带”内辽吉成矿带东南段。

区间集上的弱S-蕴涵

区间集是表达模糊信息的一种有效方法,蕴涵算子的研究是逻辑研究的关键,在区间集上构造蕴涵具有重要的研究价值。在区间集上构造了一个新的区间集弱S-蕴涵,证明了其正则性、单调性以及其他一些重要性质。最后证明了由它可构造剩余格,这为区间集的逻辑系统的建立提供了理论基础。

n值S-MTL命题逻辑系统中公式真度的统一理论

给出了强正则蕴涵算子和n值S-MTL命题逻辑系统的定义.基于一般的概率测度定义了公式的真度,并给出了公式真度的积分表达式;基于公式真度的积分表达式证明了真度推理规则;在n值S-MTL命题逻辑系统的全体公式集上引入了一种伪距离,证明了逻辑运算关于这种伪距离是连续的.提出了一种近似推理机制,使得在n值S-MTL命题逻辑系统中展开近似推理成为可能.

相山深部铅锌多金属矿化S同位素特征及其地质意义

相山铀矿田位于江西省乐安县的相山火山塌陷盆地之中,处于扬子板块和华南板块两个构造单元的交接部位（余心起等,2006）。该区地质发展历史复杂,构造运动和岩浆活动频繁,晚侏罗世—早白垩世大规模的火山活动,形成了赣杭火山岩带。白垩纪火山活动减弱并向东迁移,发生了高强度、大规模的铀成矿作用（李子颖等,2014）,形成了以相山火山盆地铀矿床为代表的数十个铀矿床（邵飞等,2012）。