风电采用MGP并网的小干扰建模和阻尼特性

针对高比例新能源给电网带来的低惯量和弱阻尼问题,提出新能源同步机的并网方式,即新能源驱动同步电动机—同步发电机(MGP)后并网。详细阐述了MGP的小干扰建模方法。首先,分析MGP的功角关系并考虑励磁系统动态,建立包含自动电压调节器和电力系统稳定器的小干扰模型,指出MGP存在阻尼转矩叠加效应。然后,考虑双馈风机状态变量,建立其与MGP对接的完整的小干扰状态方程。在此基础上,推导了基于K系数的动态特性和转矩分量表示法,揭示MGP的阻尼转矩叠加效应的本质是双励磁耦合特性。最后,基于模型建立单机无穷大算例,对比了MGP和传统机组的小干扰稳定特性;在双馈风机采用传统和MGP两种并网方式下,研究了双励磁耦合特性对风机主导的振荡模态的影响。结果表明,提出的小干扰建模方法可以准确反映MGP系统的双励磁耦合特性,该特性能够有效提升阻尼转矩分量和改善系统振荡模态。

A Possible Configuration with Motor-generator Pair for Renewable Energy Integration

High penetration rates of renewable energy will bring stability problems for the future power grid.One of the critical issues is lack of inertia.In this paper,a synchronous motor-generator pair(MGP)system is proposed as a possible solution for renewable energy integration to enhance inertia and improve grid stability.First,feasibility studies of MGP on inertia,damping,efficiency,and cost are presented.Second,an analytical model is established based on its rotor angle relation.An active power control scheme based on voltage phase difference between renewable energy source and grid is then proposed,and state equations of MGP are derived for small signal stability.Next,two experiments are designed and implemented to verify stable operation and active power regulation of the MGP system.A single-machine infinite bus system is tested to investigate small signal stability and frequency response of MGP.The results show that the MGP system has a solid base in physics and is a feasible solution for providing enough inertia and improving small signal performance in the power grid with high penetration of renewable energy.The paper concludes with a discussion on future research directions to gain a better understanding of MGP.

新能源同步机提升电网稳定性的运行特性分析

高比例新能源的接入使得电力系统的惯性降低,抗扰动能力变弱。鉴于同步电机在维持电网稳定中发挥的作用,提出了新能源通过驱动同步电动机-同步发电机对(MGP)后并网的新方式。通过介绍MGP的结构和运行原理,分析了MGP的惯性水平和阻尼特性。阐述了MGP功率反馈控制和电压反馈控制方法,并在5 kW实验系统中进行了验证。最后对MGP在高比例新能源电网中的应用场景及研究思路进行了展望。