Tibet Plateau has uplifted greatly in the Late Cenozoic era (Li Jijun et al., 1979; Sun Honglie, 1996; Shi Yafeng et al., 1998). The uplift will unquestionably influence the environment and climate of the plateau in t...Tibet Plateau has uplifted greatly in the Late Cenozoic era (Li Jijun et al., 1979; Sun Honglie, 1996; Shi Yafeng et al., 1998). The uplift will unquestionably influence the environment and climate of the plateau in the same time (such as resulting in the decrease of temperature) and leave some footprint on the contemporary sediments on or around the plateau. So, there must be some persistence component in the environmental and climatic evolution reflected by the geochemical information in the contemporary sediments. TS95, namely Tianshuihai Lake core is at the south frank of West Kunlun Mountain of Tibet Plateau and is suitable for the investigation of the persistence component. Using R/S analysis, Zhou Houyun et al. (1999) have previously calculated the Hurst index H of the three ferric indexes, FeO, Fe\-2O\-3 and ratio of FeO/ Fe\-2O\-3, from TS95. It is found that all these indexes satisfy Hurst law and they all are greater than 0 5, which means that there are some long run dependencies\|persistence component in the climatic and environmental evolution around Tianshuihai Lake area. This is in accordance with previous work by Yu Suhua et al. (1996). In this paper, the authors use the same method to do some R/S analysis on the other two climatic proxies of TS95, δ 13 C and δ 18 O, which are more suitable than the three ferric indexes to be climatic and environmental proxies. It is found that both the δ 13 C and δ 18 O satisfy Hurst law very well with H δ 13 C =0 875 and H δ 18 O =894, which suggests stronger persistence than the three ferric indexes.展开更多
Compared with other terrestrial environments,the stream environment generally presents a linear spatial structure and relatively simple environment.In a stream landscape,the dispersal direction of stream-type organism...Compared with other terrestrial environments,the stream environment generally presents a linear spatial structure and relatively simple environment.In a stream landscape,the dispersal direction of stream-type organisms usually presents a linear structure along the stream,which results in the limited dispersal and the genetic differentiation of stream-type organisms across different stream sections.The Shangcheng Stout Salamander(Pachyhynobius shangchengensis)is a narrowly distributed stream salamander in Dabie Mountains of East China.In the present study,we tested for the impact of stream landscape(i.e.waterfalls and underground river)on genetic structure and dispersal pattern in P.shangchengensis based on 12 nuclear microsatellite loci from 195 individuals in 3 populations(A,B and C)from three closely connected sections within one stream.Genetic diversity results suggested that Population B contains relatively high genetic diversity for P.shangchengensis when compared to the other populations(A and C).Detectable genetic differentiation was found(FST=0.008,P=0.007)among three populations,which was also supported by the Structure,FCA analysis and relatedness estimates of each pair of individuals among populations.The assignment test suggested that P.shangchengensis has philopatric males and female-biased dispersal(mean female Alc=.0.031,SE=0.225;mean male Alc=0.026,SE=0.198).Female-biased dispersal was also supported by analyses for each sex(i.e.Spatial autocorrelation,Genetic distance,Relatedness analysis).Our study indicated that small and isolated populations(A and C)had relatively low genetic diversity due to the limited population size.For stream salamanders,landscape features(i.e.waterfalls and underground river)can influence the ability of an individual to disperse through the landscape,and consequently influence the formation of strong genetic differentiation of P.shangchengensis.展开更多
How many roads must a man walk down Before they call him a man And how many times Must the cannonballs fly Before they’re ever banned? How many years Must a mountain exist Before it is washed to the sea? The answer,m...How many roads must a man walk down Before they call him a man And how many times Must the cannonballs fly Before they’re ever banned? How many years Must a mountain exist Before it is washed to the sea? The answer,my friend Is blowin’ in the wind The answer is blowin’ in the wind一个GE还要做什么才能被称为"通用"?我的朋友答案在风中飘摇2007年P&E,通用电气发布了多款数码相机。随即,2007年底GE推出中端消费数码相机E1035。展开更多
文摘Tibet Plateau has uplifted greatly in the Late Cenozoic era (Li Jijun et al., 1979; Sun Honglie, 1996; Shi Yafeng et al., 1998). The uplift will unquestionably influence the environment and climate of the plateau in the same time (such as resulting in the decrease of temperature) and leave some footprint on the contemporary sediments on or around the plateau. So, there must be some persistence component in the environmental and climatic evolution reflected by the geochemical information in the contemporary sediments. TS95, namely Tianshuihai Lake core is at the south frank of West Kunlun Mountain of Tibet Plateau and is suitable for the investigation of the persistence component. Using R/S analysis, Zhou Houyun et al. (1999) have previously calculated the Hurst index H of the three ferric indexes, FeO, Fe\-2O\-3 and ratio of FeO/ Fe\-2O\-3, from TS95. It is found that all these indexes satisfy Hurst law and they all are greater than 0 5, which means that there are some long run dependencies\|persistence component in the climatic and environmental evolution around Tianshuihai Lake area. This is in accordance with previous work by Yu Suhua et al. (1996). In this paper, the authors use the same method to do some R/S analysis on the other two climatic proxies of TS95, δ 13 C and δ 18 O, which are more suitable than the three ferric indexes to be climatic and environmental proxies. It is found that both the δ 13 C and δ 18 O satisfy Hurst law very well with H δ 13 C =0 875 and H δ 18 O =894, which suggests stronger persistence than the three ferric indexes.
基金supported by the National Na tural Science Founda tion of China(Grant No.31272332)Biodiversity Survey,Monitoring and Assessment Project of Ministry of Ecology and Environment China(2019HB2096001006)+6 种基金National Key Research and Development Program(2016YFC1200705)Anhui Province Higher Education Revitalization Plan2014 Colleges and Universities Outstanding Youth Talent Support Program2017 Anhui Province academic and technical leaders candidates(2017H130)Anhui Natural Science Foundation(Youth,1908085QC127)Research start-up funds of Anhui Normal University(No.751865)The Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(15KJB180003)。
文摘Compared with other terrestrial environments,the stream environment generally presents a linear spatial structure and relatively simple environment.In a stream landscape,the dispersal direction of stream-type organisms usually presents a linear structure along the stream,which results in the limited dispersal and the genetic differentiation of stream-type organisms across different stream sections.The Shangcheng Stout Salamander(Pachyhynobius shangchengensis)is a narrowly distributed stream salamander in Dabie Mountains of East China.In the present study,we tested for the impact of stream landscape(i.e.waterfalls and underground river)on genetic structure and dispersal pattern in P.shangchengensis based on 12 nuclear microsatellite loci from 195 individuals in 3 populations(A,B and C)from three closely connected sections within one stream.Genetic diversity results suggested that Population B contains relatively high genetic diversity for P.shangchengensis when compared to the other populations(A and C).Detectable genetic differentiation was found(FST=0.008,P=0.007)among three populations,which was also supported by the Structure,FCA analysis and relatedness estimates of each pair of individuals among populations.The assignment test suggested that P.shangchengensis has philopatric males and female-biased dispersal(mean female Alc=.0.031,SE=0.225;mean male Alc=0.026,SE=0.198).Female-biased dispersal was also supported by analyses for each sex(i.e.Spatial autocorrelation,Genetic distance,Relatedness analysis).Our study indicated that small and isolated populations(A and C)had relatively low genetic diversity due to the limited population size.For stream salamanders,landscape features(i.e.waterfalls and underground river)can influence the ability of an individual to disperse through the landscape,and consequently influence the formation of strong genetic differentiation of P.shangchengensis.
文摘How many roads must a man walk down Before they call him a man And how many times Must the cannonballs fly Before they’re ever banned? How many years Must a mountain exist Before it is washed to the sea? The answer,my friend Is blowin’ in the wind The answer is blowin’ in the wind一个GE还要做什么才能被称为"通用"?我的朋友答案在风中飘摇2007年P&E,通用电气发布了多款数码相机。随即,2007年底GE推出中端消费数码相机E1035。
