Planning and Design of Sightseeing Agricultural Park Characterized by Mountainous Landscape

After illustration of research and development process of sightseeing agricultural park,the paper had classified sightseeing agricultural park into sightseeing agricultural park,education agricultural park and agricultural garden in terms of development content;into renovation type and newly-built type in accordance with development mode;and into plain type and mountainous type in the light of terrain.From the perspectives of terrain,vegetation,hydrology and ecology,characteristics of landscape resources in mountainous sightseeing agricultural park were analyzed.It proposed principles for planning and design of mountainous sightseeing agricultural park,which were respecting and protecting nature,linking landscape units and coordinating spatial structure,systematicness and protecting inheritance of traditional culture.On this basis,it had illustrated landscape designing theories on architecture and landscape furniture,traffic road,plant greening and water supply and sewerage works.

Study on Landscape Features of Bai People'sTraditional Mountainous Villages in Dali

In view of the vast mountainous areas and abundant mountainous settlement resources of Dali Bai Nationality Autonomous Prefecture, the authors proposed the significance and necessity of studying landscape features of traditional mountainous settlements of the Bai Nationality by considering policy requirements of "protection system planning of famous historic and cultural cities, towns, villages and blocks in Yunnan Province" and "construction of mountainous towns". On the basis of investigating traditional mountainous settlements of the Bai Nationality in Dali, 5 typical settlements were analyzed from the perspectives of landscape structure, village layout, landscape element, landscape materials and decorative art. And characteristics of traditional mountainous settlements of the Bai Nationality were summarized as "following the nature, adaptive to actual terrains, multidimensional, human-nature oneness".

Discussion on Planning and Construction of Villages and Towns in Nature Reserve——A Case Study of Weitun Town of Hengshui City in China

The development of nature reserve was closely related with that of villages and towns at its surrounding area.It was the core issue to be discussed in the paper as to how to form mutually beneficial relation between them and achieve both protection of nature reserve and economic development of villages and towns.Through analysis on internal relation between nature reserve and villages and towns,it put forward three methods for planning and construction of villages and towns around the nature reserve.By taking Hengshui Lake National Nature Reserve in Weitun Town for example,it hoped to serve as a modest spur to induce exchange and discussion in the field.

Study on the Planning of Langya Mountain Scenic Area Based on Ecological Protection

Through investigating the current situation of Langya Mountain,a new planning scheme for Langya Mountain Scenic Area is put forward;moreover,ecological landscape units are designed according to the local conditions,so as to propose a novel design idea from the designs of famous scenic areas and red tours.

Application of Systematic Theory in Design of Mountainous Village Landscape

According to systematic concept,system of mountainous village landscape was divided into landscape systems of natural environment,of humanistic entity,and of humanistic spirit.In the paper,analysis was conducted on characteristics of mountainous village landscape,and more attention was paid to the integrity,correlation,adaptability and dynamic.Present features of mountainous village landscape system were analyzed based on present construction of mountainous village landscape and the result indicated that overall design was absent in the system.Besides,research was carried out on present conditions of the three subsystems and the result indicated that the subsystems were inconsistent.Based on the analysis,suggestions were proposed on design of mountainous village landscape.It is emphasized in many aspects in the paper,such as overall design,rational planning,protection of natural environmental landscape system,improvement of humanistic entity system and inheritance of humanistic spirit system,so that coordinated development of subsystems would be promoted.

Traditional Village Planning under the Theory of Actor Network:A Case Study of Village Planning in the Jingmai Mountain, Pu’er,Yunnan Province

Rural revitalization strategy is an important topic in China.As an important platform for the implementation of the strategy,the preparation of village planning for traditional villages is conducive to coordinating the contradiction between protection and development,and promoting the sustainable development of traditional villages.The traditional villages of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er,Yunnan Province are taken as the research objects.The first-hand data are obtained through interviews and field research,and Actor-Network model is used to analyze the actors’ goal and obstacle in preparation of village planning,which better reflects the interests of different actors in village planning process.At the same time,the action path of planning is interpreted through the process of problematisation,interessement,enrolmen,mobislisation and dissidence.In the preparation of village planning for traditional villages,key elements should be paid attention to,such as bridging the cognitive gap,building consensus,setting up participation platform and formulating relevant policy guarantee mechanism,etc.

Rural Planning Based on Landscape Information Chain Theory: A Case Study of Jiabi Village in Maoba County, Lichuan City

As the most important part of the construction of beautiful countryside, village planning plays a crucial role in the construction of beautiful countryside. How to construct a beautiful village with prominent regional characteristics in line with rural natural resources and traditional culture turns out be a problem demanding prompt solution in current theoretical research and practical exploration. With the introduction of the landscape information chain theory, Jiabi Village in Maoba Town, Lichuan City was taken for example to create a complete landscape information chain where tea culture dominates and different cultures intermingle by excavating local landscape information elements, creating landscape information places, and constructing landscape information corridor, so as to create a distinctive beautiful vil age in western Hubei and accord with its positioning of "China's tea homestay culture village" and "China's couplet tea village".

山地历史镇村消防规划的适应性方法研究——以重庆中山古镇为例

消防安全是安全工作的重要组成部分,也是城乡高质量发展的重要前提。山地历史镇村因其复杂的地形环境、不便的对外交通、滞后的经济发展,相较平原地区,面临着更大的火灾风险。研究聚焦山地历史镇村消防面临的难点与现有研究的不足,引入规划适应性理论,按照“从动—适动—能动”的适应性思维,提出了构建精准的防火分区体系、配置多层级立体的消防设施系统、构建平灾结合的消防通道网络、采取灵活的建筑耐火措施等的消防规划路径与方法。其中,在防火分区方面,形成“全面开展火灾风险评估—精准划分防火分区—有效设置隔离空间”的规划技术方法;在消防设施方面,利用山地地势高差、水源充足等特点,构建多层级、立体化的消防设施系统;在消防通道方面,设立基本消防通道—可转换消防通道—可拓展消防通道的三级通道系统;在建筑防火方面,提出构建建筑防火综合评价体系、加强传统建筑内部的电气线路规范化等举措。基于上述方法,以重庆中山古镇为案例,开展了具体的火灾后消防规划实证,可以为山地历史镇村的消防安全保护工作提供重要的经验借鉴。

香道景观共同体——妙峰山南道村落群风土景观的塑造

【目的】当前,对传统村落进行集群式和活态性保护是乡村振兴的重要手段。将风土景观作为村落群的价值特征的认知视角,以朝山香道作为切入口,逐步展示村庙、庙会等信仰与仪式实践如何融入村民的日常生活和观念意识,形成香道景观共同体,以此探究风土景观的塑造机制。【方法】采用文献分析与实地调研的方法,选取妙峰山庙会景观及其南道沿线的5个典型村落作为研究对象。从村庙与村落、茶棚与香道共同体、传说与共同体意识3个层次出发,逐步剖析庙会涉及的各村村庙、茶棚、香道、村落等物质景观,以及村内村际社会组织结构、信仰仪式活动实践、传说主题与乡土观念等非物质景观。【结果】揭示了香道村落群以“灵验”为动力,以互惠互利原则为纽带,以娘娘庙庙会及村庙为载体的乡土日常生活秩序的建立及乡土社会结构的维护。妙峰山南道村落群以“互惠互助”观念为主线串联起各村落的生活世界,形成本地的风土景观。【结论】信仰是表象,生存地域观念为本质。传统村落群的价值认知应从当地人生存生活的活态性特征出发,围绕对村落共同体的日常行为、活动空间、观念意识,形成对价值的体系性理解,以此为据展开村落群的保护与开发。不仅拓展了对中国传统村落研究的理论视野,更为传统村落保护与传承提供了科学依据与实践指导。

山水林田湖草视角下贵州传统村落的地方性特征研究

新型城镇化背景下,传统村落人居环境多样性面临丧失的威胁,合理利用保护传统村落地方性景观有利于促进其人居环境多样性的永续发展。基于“山水林田湖草生命共同体”理念,以贵州省757个传统村落为例,综合运用图示表达以及核密度估计法等空间分析方法,探究传统村落空间分布结构及其与山、水、林、田等自然景观要素的关联特征。研究发现:1)贵州传统村落数量多、密度大,在空间结构上呈聚集不均衡分布,主要以团块状分布于东南部区域;在西南部、东北部区域分别呈斑块状、散点状分布;西北部传统村落分布数量则相对较少。2)在村落与自然景观要素关联特征上,从其与山区类型关系看,以山地丘陵型村落分布数量最多,达491个,占64.8%;与水域类型关系看,以河谷型、水库型村落分布较多,分别占51.5%和44.2%;植被类型以栽培植物面域中传统村落分布数量最多,占50.9%;农田类型以稻作梯田为主,占58.8%。3)在地方性格局上,贵州传统村落依据自然条件选址可划分为村-山、村-水、村-林、村-田4个格局。最后,基于传统村落空间分布和地方性特征,提出贵州传统村落分区分类开发利用保护策略。

村庄规划对偏远山区乡村发展的促进作用--以内蒙古和林格尔县白其口村为例

运用归纳总结法和SWOT分析法提出乡村振兴背景下村庄规划的主要发展内容,聚焦于村庄规划与偏远山区村庄发展的关系,提出经济、生态、文化、旅游等多维度的促进乡村发展的目标框架,探索规划对村庄的促进作用。结果表明,①偏远山区具有距离城市远、地形复杂、经济发展水平不高、人居环境亟待改善的特点;②偏远山区村庄规划,在提升产业发展水平、增加农民收入、重塑村庄治理结构、提高人居环境质量、改善地区生态等方面作用显著,对促进村庄发展至关重要。③针对“集聚提升类”村庄,结合白其口村自然环境特征和发展现状,规划整治村庄内部分区和发展格局,精准推动村庄发展,以期更好地促进偏远山区美丽乡村建设。

北京乡村绿化美化的建设思路、主要指标与落地对策

乡村绿化美化是美丽中国建设的组成部分,也是北京推进全域生态一体、缩小城乡景观差距的重要举措。文章在分析北京乡村存在内部绿化严重不足、绿化空间拓展难、绿化品质不高、绿化空间服务功能不强、景观难以长效维持等现实问题的基础上,提出乡村绿化美化的建设目标、范围和原则,并从操作层面构建指标体系;针对9类典型建设场景提出规划设计导引,并对乡村绿化中责任主体划分、资金保障和长效机制建立等方面提出相关对策。

道教名山成熟风景范式下的安徽齐云山在地化营建

作为在道教名山风景范式成熟下发展鼎盛的道教名山,如何融合区域及山岳特色达到范式的在地化转换?为探究这一问题,选取鼎盛于明中期且具有独特区域文化特征、山岳自然特征的安徽齐云山为研究对象,利用古今图文资料进行特定背景下的名山在地化风景营建分析。结果表明:(1)齐云山的规划布局充分体现了道教名山成熟风景范式下的“天路历程”时代特征,但也存在“九里十三亭”这类特殊地段,同时还因山岳较武当山、泰山等海拔较低而更倾向于通过横向逶迤布置不同空间序列及山体断裂抬升等来达到“天路”意境;(2)在地域习俗及山岳特色地质地貌的影响下,齐云山将范式内的具体景观空间进行了较为明显的在地化,世俗空间以依山势连续有规律构建的名山建设孤例“九里十三亭”和居高临崖、民商融合的中国道教第一村“月华天街”为主,承担世俗服务功能的同时也强化了山岳的神圣性;神圣空间除道教名山一般具有的从“无”到“有”营建的宫观祠庵外,主要包括自然地景神圣化后形成的3类廊道式丹霞洞穴圣所和各类峰石神物,着重利用从“自然场所”到“自然圣所”的空间转换来实现宗教功能。

政府治理行为对景迈山古茶林村落景观演变的影响

选择云南景迈山古茶林糯干傣族村寨为古茶林村落景观研究地,采用访谈法和观察法相结合,分析村落景观的演变历程。结果表明:糯干古茶林村落景观演变可分为变化基础期、稳定发展期、急剧变化期、现代同化期及恢复保护期等5个阶段;政府治理与景观演变具有密切关系,对村落生产、生态景观演变和村落整体景观蜕变都有重要影响;地方政府治理强度及治理策略变化,会在古茶林村落景观的潜变、突变及蜕变演化时表现出不同特征。

装配式农村住宅风貌营造策略与方法研究

随着乡村振兴战略发展进程的加快,农村地区的规划和建设也日益频繁。统规统建类村庄作为重要建设类型之一,正在得到广泛的应用和推广。在绿色发展需求下,我国集合装配式住宅模式已较为成熟。但在装配式农宅方面,因规划建设经验不足,造成统规统建类村庄出现布局兵营式、建筑风格单一化、风貌千篇一律的问题。本文旨在通过构建多样化装配式农宅体系的策略和方法研究,力求为乡村低层装配式农宅风貌建设提供可行性建议。

生态修复视角下的村落型河湖生态缓冲带景观规划策略研究

“十四五”期间,流域水生态环境保护工作在水环境改善的基础上,更加注重水生态保护修复。河湖生态缓冲带的构建、生态修复对于恢复和稳定水生态系统功能、改善水质、景观提升具有重要作用。以村落型河湖生态缓冲带作为研究对象,运用文献研究、跨学科研究法探讨在生态修复视角下的村落型河湖生态缓冲带的构建和景观规划策略。在分析村落型缓冲带的两大结构和对其宽度划定范围的基础上,构建了“1+5+1”的景观策略模型,即1项生态修复策略、5大空间结构(水环境空间、护坡空间、人工湿地空间、陆域植被空间、路径通道空间)景观策略和1项人文景观策略。该研究可为村落型河湖生态缓冲带修复方案提供思路和理论支撑,并为相同类型的项目规划提供参考和借鉴。

风景中的政治维度——以《山乡巨变》为考察中心

《山乡巨变》中的风景是意识形态化的政治风景,最终转义为表征社会主义理想的政治想象。小说一方面通过风景疏解文本暴力、疏离政治实践,表现新农村的人情美和自然美,以此回应建设社会主义国家的主流意识形态。一方面通过风景表现农民与政治碰撞后主体与观念的嬗变,回应对人民进行现代化改造和教育的政治要求。《山乡巨变》中的风景具有观照主体和超越现实的独特性,丰富了农村题材小说表现政治的艺术形式和意义空间。

慢生活理念下乡村景观规划设计评价体系的构建及分析

以长沙县鹿芝岭村为研究对象,运用层次分析法建立慢生活理念下乡村景观规划设计评价体系,探究慢生活理念下乡村景观规划设计中各项影响要素之间的关系。通过分析鹿芝岭村现状,从构建品质型乡村空间、生态环境、地域文化、特色经济产业、民主性慢意识5个方面,选取景观营造程度、绿化覆盖率、生态自然环境风貌、人居环境等17个评价指标。结果表明:构建品质型乡村空间(0.3802)最为重要,其次为生态环境(0.1927)、地域文化(0.1885)以及特色经济产业(0.1667),民主性慢意识(0.0719)作为最后考虑的因素。研究结果可以为慢生活理念下同类型乡村景观规划设计提供科学依据与参考。

传统村落景观基因在高校乡村规划与设计课程中的应用研究

传统村落是我国农耕文明的重要载体和乡村振兴的主要支撑。在目前我国高校乡村规划与设计课程体系中,缺少传统村落规划设计的系统教学内容。为了丰富和完善乡村规划与设计课程体系,适应乡村规划专业改革,该文梳理当前国内高校乡村规划与设计课程的内容与特征,探讨传统村落景观基因在高校乡村规划与设计课程中应用的价值与意义,厘清两者之间的关系,构建传统村落景观基因教学内容体系,旨在为相关专业开展乡村规划与设计课程教学提供一定的参考。

景观规划设计视角下平原河网区农村水系综合整治研究

探讨了当前平原河网区农村水系综合整治的多元需求,在分析整治需求面临的问题基础上,提出基于景观规划设计视角的平原河网区农村水系综合整治思路。景观规划设计主张促进人与自然和谐共生、公众广泛参与、循环设计原则以及有效的尺度效应。对关键的实现途径进行了深入探讨,提出基于综合性空间规划、生态方法应用、文化价值延续、空间景观塑造的平原河网区农村水系综合整治方法。成果应用于湖北省当阳市水美乡村建设,验证了方法的可操作性,展现了其在不同地理环境下的普适性,并通过实践进一步明确了此类项目景观规划设计过程中的技术要点,为平原河网区农村水系综合整治提供了新的理论视角和实践方法。