In recent years, radio occultation （RO） technology making use of global positioning system （GPS） signals has been exploited to obtain profiles of atmospheric parameters in the neutral atmosphere. In this paper, th...In recent years, radio occultation （RO） technology making use of global positioning system （GPS） signals has been exploited to obtain profiles of atmospheric parameters in the neutral atmosphere. In this paper, the RO refractivity profiles obtained from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate （COSMIC） mission are statistically compared with the observations of 38 radiosonde stations provided by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology during the period from 15 July 2006 through 15 July 2007. Different collocation criteria are compared at first, and COSMIC RO soundings that occur within 3 hours and 300 km of radiosonde measurements are used for the final statistical comparison. The overall results show that the agreements between the COSMIC refractivity profiles and the radiosonde soundings from the 38 stations are very good at 0-30 km altitude, with mean absolute relative refractivity deviations of less than 0.5%. Latitudinal comparisons indicate that there are negative refractivity deviations in the lower troposphere over the low latitude and middle latitude regions and large standard deviations exist in the lower troposphere of low latitude regions, which can reach up to ～6%. The comparisons of COSMIC RO refractivity profiles and radiosonde observations for 3 polar stations in four different seasons indicate that the accuracy of GPS RO profiles is better in the Austral summer and autumn than in the Austral spring and winter during the year from September 2006 to August 2007.展开更多
本文使用CDAAC(COSMIC Data Analysis and Archival Center)提供的1995—2010年GPS掩星干反演大气温度和我国无线电探空温度资料,选择临近的廓线进行匹配,以掩星资料为基准,分析上对流层/下平流层区域(200～30 hPa)探空温度与掩星温度...本文使用CDAAC(COSMIC Data Analysis and Archival Center)提供的1995—2010年GPS掩星干反演大气温度和我国无线电探空温度资料,选择临近的廓线进行匹配,以掩星资料为基准,分析上对流层/下平流层区域(200～30 hPa)探空温度与掩星温度之间的偏差。分析多种时空匹配条件下总的温度偏差和标准差的结果表明,匹配条件对偏差平均值影响较小,主要影响偏差标准差,选择探空和掩星廓线时间差小于3 h、距离小于200 km作为匹配条件。就全国平均而言,探空温度和掩星温度相差很小,其中在上对流层的偏差大于下平流层,偏差的标准差随高度增加而变大。在上对流层昼夜偏差都为正,下平流层白天为正、夜间为负,温度偏差和标准差在白天大于夜间,说明掩星资料具有足够的精度可以识别出太阳辐射对我国探空温度的影响。偏差在低纬较大,随纬度升高逐渐减小,与使用掩星资料计算的大气垂直减温率有较好的对应关系,其变化特征与探空滞后误差比较一致,说明使用掩星资料可以辨别滞后误差对探空资料的影响。就全国平均而言,L波段探空仪和59型探空仪的平均温度偏差都相对较小,但在不同纬度表现不同;在低纬地区二者偏差对比明显,59型探空仪具有较大的偏差,L波段探空仪偏差较小,高纬地区二者偏差相对都较小;59型探空仪的偏差标准差始终大于L波段探空仪。结果说明掩星资料可以分辨仪器换型对温度偏差的影响,探空仪的升级使我国探空资料的精准度提高,特别在纬度较抵的区域,偏差的改进更加明显。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40904002 and 40804004)the China-Australia Special Fund of International Collaborative Scientific Research Project(Grant No.40911120024)+1 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Project,Grant No.2006CB701301)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Project,Grant No.2007AA12Z339)
文摘In recent years, radio occultation （RO） technology making use of global positioning system （GPS） signals has been exploited to obtain profiles of atmospheric parameters in the neutral atmosphere. In this paper, the RO refractivity profiles obtained from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate （COSMIC） mission are statistically compared with the observations of 38 radiosonde stations provided by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology during the period from 15 July 2006 through 15 July 2007. Different collocation criteria are compared at first, and COSMIC RO soundings that occur within 3 hours and 300 km of radiosonde measurements are used for the final statistical comparison. The overall results show that the agreements between the COSMIC refractivity profiles and the radiosonde soundings from the 38 stations are very good at 0-30 km altitude, with mean absolute relative refractivity deviations of less than 0.5%. Latitudinal comparisons indicate that there are negative refractivity deviations in the lower troposphere over the low latitude and middle latitude regions and large standard deviations exist in the lower troposphere of low latitude regions, which can reach up to ～6%. The comparisons of COSMIC RO refractivity profiles and radiosonde observations for 3 polar stations in four different seasons indicate that the accuracy of GPS RO profiles is better in the Austral summer and autumn than in the Austral spring and winter during the year from September 2006 to August 2007.
文摘本文使用CDAAC(COSMIC Data Analysis and Archival Center)提供的1995—2010年GPS掩星干反演大气温度和我国无线电探空温度资料,选择临近的廓线进行匹配,以掩星资料为基准,分析上对流层/下平流层区域(200～30 hPa)探空温度与掩星温度之间的偏差。分析多种时空匹配条件下总的温度偏差和标准差的结果表明,匹配条件对偏差平均值影响较小,主要影响偏差标准差,选择探空和掩星廓线时间差小于3 h、距离小于200 km作为匹配条件。就全国平均而言,探空温度和掩星温度相差很小,其中在上对流层的偏差大于下平流层,偏差的标准差随高度增加而变大。在上对流层昼夜偏差都为正,下平流层白天为正、夜间为负,温度偏差和标准差在白天大于夜间,说明掩星资料具有足够的精度可以识别出太阳辐射对我国探空温度的影响。偏差在低纬较大,随纬度升高逐渐减小,与使用掩星资料计算的大气垂直减温率有较好的对应关系,其变化特征与探空滞后误差比较一致,说明使用掩星资料可以辨别滞后误差对探空资料的影响。就全国平均而言,L波段探空仪和59型探空仪的平均温度偏差都相对较小,但在不同纬度表现不同;在低纬地区二者偏差对比明显,59型探空仪具有较大的偏差,L波段探空仪偏差较小,高纬地区二者偏差相对都较小;59型探空仪的偏差标准差始终大于L波段探空仪。结果说明掩星资料可以分辨仪器换型对温度偏差的影响,探空仪的升级使我国探空资料的精准度提高,特别在纬度较抵的区域,偏差的改进更加明显。
