In this paper,the data of vertical crustal deformations associated with the Xingtai,Haicheng,Tangshan and Datong strong earthquakes in North China Block have been processed,analyzed and studied.The result shows that t...In this paper,the data of vertical crustal deformations associated with the Xingtai,Haicheng,Tangshan and Datong strong earthquakes in North China Block have been processed,analyzed and studied.The result shows that the seismogenic processes of strong earthquakes are accompanied by an evolution of crustal deformation as follows: ① The area of crustal deformation anomaly should be large in radius and extensive in range. ② There are both the 'field' and 'source' of crustal deformation anomaly,with the 'source' existing inside the'field' but differing from the 'field' distinctly. ③ The evolution process includes a number of steps.Firstly, movements in the 'field region transform from the normal state to an anomalous state to start the formation of field precursors.Secondly,movements in the 'source' region become outstandingly remarkable. Thirdly,anomalies in the 'field' region that surrounds the 'source' become increasingly intense.Fourthly,the 'source' region enters a state of immobilized-movement.Finally,an earthquake occurs. ④ There are usually one or more areas where the anomaly field forms a special pattern,mostly a four-quadrant distribution.The area which is'activated' first but becomes 'immobilized' afterwards often coincides with the source area.⑤ The appearance of an obviously immobilized area inside the obviously activated area is a precursory feature which suggests that an earthquake is impending.⑥ The longer the duration of immobilized-movement,the higher the magnitude of earthquake would be.The above might be the basic mode of vertical crustal deformation during the seismogenic process of strong intraplate earthquakes.展开更多
Neotectonic movement refers to the tectonic movement that has happened since the Cenozoic, which is the latest movement. It has the most important influence on the basins in west China, especially on the hydrocarbon a...Neotectonic movement refers to the tectonic movement that has happened since the Cenozoic, which is the latest movement. It has the most important influence on the basins in west China, especially on the hydrocarbon accumulation in the western foreland basins. We determined the time of neotectonic movement in the Kuqa Foreland Basin, which began from the Neogene, and analyzed the patterns of movement, which were continuous and fast subsidence in the vertical direction and intense lateral compression. The structure styles are that the faulting is weakened and the folding is strengthened gradually from north to south. We studied the control of neotectonic movement on the hydrocarbon accumulation process and model in the Kuqa Foreland Basin with basin simulation technique. The largest subsidence rate of the Kuqa Foreland Basin reached 1,200 m/Ma during the neotectonic movement, leading to rapid maturing of source rock within 5 Ma and a large quantity of hydrocarbon being generated and expelled. The thick neotectonic strata can form high quality reservoirs with the proved gas and oil reserves accounting for 5% and 27% of the total reserves, respectively. 86% of the structural traps were formed in the neotectonic movement period. The faults formed during the neotectonic movement serve as important migration pathways and they exist in the region where the hydrocarbon reservoirs are distributed. Abnormally high pressure caused by the intense lateral compression, thick neotectonic strata deposition and rapid hydrocarbon generation provide driving force for hydrocarbon migration. The accumulation elements match each other well over a short period, leading to many large gas fields formed later in the Kuqa Foreland Basin.展开更多
It is argued that research on eye movements has now entered a fourth general era. Each of the four eras is briefly reviewed, and research findings related to eye movements during reading, scene perception, and visual ...It is argued that research on eye movements has now entered a fourth general era. Each of the four eras is briefly reviewed, and research findings related to eye movements during reading, scene perception, and visual search are discussed. Future directions for research in each of these areas and research in other domains involving eye movements are also discussed.展开更多
This study investigates the physical conditions(water depth, current speed, salinity, temperature) in Lianzhou Bay, a shallow coastal bay in southern China, during two expeditions in the dry and wet seasons of 2011. B...This study investigates the physical conditions(water depth, current speed, salinity, temperature) in Lianzhou Bay, a shallow coastal bay in southern China, during two expeditions in the dry and wet seasons of 2011. Based on these expedition data, basic hydrodynamic parameters like Brunt-V?is?l? Frequency, Richardson Number, Rossby radius, and Resonance Period are calculated. The results show that Lianzhou Bay is characterized by comparatively small quantity of freshwater input and weak stratification. Strong tides, which are spatially uniform within the bay, cause turbulent mixing. Residence time of the water is shorter in winter due to a stronger coastal current in that season. Consideration of the water movement may help to reduce the harmful ecological impact of aquaculture waste water discharge.展开更多
Eye movements play an important role in attention and visual processing. However, the manner in which eye move-ments are involved in object processing is not clear. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of e...Eye movements play an important role in attention and visual processing. However, the manner in which eye move-ments are involved in object processing is not clear. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of eye movements on object-processing areas in the occipito-temporal region. Eye movements are always accompanied by visual perception;therefore, the effects of eye movements on object-processing areas in which visual object information is sent via eye movements instead of via retinal inputs of visual images must be measured. For this purpose, response to an eye- drawing stimulation in subjects who drew pictures of faces or buildings by their moving eyes under closed-eye condi-tions was measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Functional areas in the occipito-temporal region showed negative responses to the eye-drawing stimulation, and the pattern of negative activation maps in the region was almost the same as that of positive activation maps observed after visual image stimulation. Responses in cate-gory-selective area showed category dependency to the eye-drawing stimulation. This suggests that eye movements provide inhibitory inputs to the object-processing areas in the occipito-temporal region, and these inputs may modulate visual inputs to these areas coming through the retina in the visual perception process.展开更多
A study of the behavior of water during its movements under mechanical shaking is presented. It is shown that rhythmic shaking of water with 1Hz causes the same rhythmic effects in a periodic [H+] growth and products ...A study of the behavior of water during its movements under mechanical shaking is presented. It is shown that rhythmic shaking of water with 1Hz causes the same rhythmic effects in a periodic [H+] growth and products with higher positive potential. This paper discusses the role of water motion in nature.展开更多
文摘In this paper,the data of vertical crustal deformations associated with the Xingtai,Haicheng,Tangshan and Datong strong earthquakes in North China Block have been processed,analyzed and studied.The result shows that the seismogenic processes of strong earthquakes are accompanied by an evolution of crustal deformation as follows: ① The area of crustal deformation anomaly should be large in radius and extensive in range. ② There are both the 'field' and 'source' of crustal deformation anomaly,with the 'source' existing inside the'field' but differing from the 'field' distinctly. ③ The evolution process includes a number of steps.Firstly, movements in the 'field region transform from the normal state to an anomalous state to start the formation of field precursors.Secondly,movements in the 'source' region become outstandingly remarkable. Thirdly,anomalies in the 'field' region that surrounds the 'source' become increasingly intense.Fourthly,the 'source' region enters a state of immobilized-movement.Finally,an earthquake occurs. ④ There are usually one or more areas where the anomaly field forms a special pattern,mostly a four-quadrant distribution.The area which is'activated' first but becomes 'immobilized' afterwards often coincides with the source area.⑤ The appearance of an obviously immobilized area inside the obviously activated area is a precursory feature which suggests that an earthquake is impending.⑥ The longer the duration of immobilized-movement,the higher the magnitude of earthquake would be.The above might be the basic mode of vertical crustal deformation during the seismogenic process of strong intraplate earthquakes.
基金supported by the Foundation Project of State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting (PRPDX2008-05)the "973" National Key Basic Research Program (2006CB202308)
文摘Neotectonic movement refers to the tectonic movement that has happened since the Cenozoic, which is the latest movement. It has the most important influence on the basins in west China, especially on the hydrocarbon accumulation in the western foreland basins. We determined the time of neotectonic movement in the Kuqa Foreland Basin, which began from the Neogene, and analyzed the patterns of movement, which were continuous and fast subsidence in the vertical direction and intense lateral compression. The structure styles are that the faulting is weakened and the folding is strengthened gradually from north to south. We studied the control of neotectonic movement on the hydrocarbon accumulation process and model in the Kuqa Foreland Basin with basin simulation technique. The largest subsidence rate of the Kuqa Foreland Basin reached 1,200 m/Ma during the neotectonic movement, leading to rapid maturing of source rock within 5 Ma and a large quantity of hydrocarbon being generated and expelled. The thick neotectonic strata can form high quality reservoirs with the proved gas and oil reserves accounting for 5% and 27% of the total reserves, respectively. 86% of the structural traps were formed in the neotectonic movement period. The faults formed during the neotectonic movement serve as important migration pathways and they exist in the region where the hydrocarbon reservoirs are distributed. Abnormally high pressure caused by the intense lateral compression, thick neotectonic strata deposition and rapid hydrocarbon generation provide driving force for hydrocarbon migration. The accumulation elements match each other well over a short period, leading to many large gas fields formed later in the Kuqa Foreland Basin.
文摘It is argued that research on eye movements has now entered a fourth general era. Each of the four eras is briefly reviewed, and research findings related to eye movements during reading, scene perception, and visual search are discussed. Future directions for research in each of these areas and research in other domains involving eye movements are also discussed.
基金the financial support from the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research(BMBF)to the Leibniz-Zentrum für Marine Tropenkologie GmbH(ZMT),Germany,for the project‘The Role of Mangroves for Biogeochemical Fluxes into the Coastal Ecosystemsunder the Influence of Anthropogenic Alterations’as part of the Sino-German Research Project‘BEIBU-Holocene environmental evolution and anthropogenic impact of Beibu Gulf,South China Sea’,WTZ China(Grant No.03F0607B) is acknowledged.
文摘This study investigates the physical conditions(water depth, current speed, salinity, temperature) in Lianzhou Bay, a shallow coastal bay in southern China, during two expeditions in the dry and wet seasons of 2011. Based on these expedition data, basic hydrodynamic parameters like Brunt-V?is?l? Frequency, Richardson Number, Rossby radius, and Resonance Period are calculated. The results show that Lianzhou Bay is characterized by comparatively small quantity of freshwater input and weak stratification. Strong tides, which are spatially uniform within the bay, cause turbulent mixing. Residence time of the water is shorter in winter due to a stronger coastal current in that season. Consideration of the water movement may help to reduce the harmful ecological impact of aquaculture waste water discharge.
文摘Eye movements play an important role in attention and visual processing. However, the manner in which eye move-ments are involved in object processing is not clear. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of eye movements on object-processing areas in the occipito-temporal region. Eye movements are always accompanied by visual perception;therefore, the effects of eye movements on object-processing areas in which visual object information is sent via eye movements instead of via retinal inputs of visual images must be measured. For this purpose, response to an eye- drawing stimulation in subjects who drew pictures of faces or buildings by their moving eyes under closed-eye condi-tions was measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Functional areas in the occipito-temporal region showed negative responses to the eye-drawing stimulation, and the pattern of negative activation maps in the region was almost the same as that of positive activation maps observed after visual image stimulation. Responses in cate-gory-selective area showed category dependency to the eye-drawing stimulation. This suggests that eye movements provide inhibitory inputs to the object-processing areas in the occipito-temporal region, and these inputs may modulate visual inputs to these areas coming through the retina in the visual perception process.
文摘A study of the behavior of water during its movements under mechanical shaking is presented. It is shown that rhythmic shaking of water with 1Hz causes the same rhythmic effects in a periodic [H+] growth and products with higher positive potential. This paper discusses the role of water motion in nature.
