This paper presents a discrete-time model to describe the movements of a group of trains, in which some operational strategies, including traction operation, braking operation and impact of stochastic disturbance, are...This paper presents a discrete-time model to describe the movements of a group of trains, in which some operational strategies, including traction operation, braking operation and impact of stochastic disturbance, are defined. To show the dynamic characteristics of train traffic flow with stochastic disturbance, some numerical experiments on a railway line are simulated. The computational results show that the discrete-time movement model can well describe the movements of trains on a rail line with the moving-block signalling system. Comparing with the results of no disturbance, it finds that the traffic capacity of the rail line will decrease with the influence of stochastic disturbance. Additionally, the delays incurred by stochastic disturbance can be propagated to the subsequent trains, and then prolong their traversing time on the rail line. It can provide auxiliary information for rescheduling trains When the stochastic disturbance occurs on the railway.展开更多
The Tengchong-Lianghe movement, proposed and named by Chen et al （ 1991 ）, is an important tectonic event occurred from the late stage of middle Pleistocene to the early stage of the late Pleistocene in the Tenchong...The Tengchong-Lianghe movement, proposed and named by Chen et al （ 1991 ）, is an important tectonic event occurred from the late stage of middle Pleistocene to the early stage of the late Pleistocene in the Tenchong Block of southwest Yunnan. It reactivated the old faults in the region, and tilted, folded and fractured the Q1 and Q2 strata, resulting in the common angular unconformity between them. In addition, this region entered into an erosion-cutting stage, with its cutting depth reaching up to tens of meters, and formed very striking high lake terraces.展开更多
A preliminary analysis of the time series of displacements at fiducial stations obtained from continuous GPS observations during the period of Sept. 1998 to Oct. 2001 in the Crustal Movement Observation Network of Chi...A preliminary analysis of the time series of displacements at fiducial stations obtained from continuous GPS observations during the period of Sept. 1998 to Oct. 2001 in the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) is made. The selection of datum for producing displacement time series suitable for earthquake prediction is discussed. Time series of horizontal crustal displacements are obtained by using a datum of a stable group of 9 stations with very small relative horizontal displacements in eastern China as reference. Time series of vertical crustal displacements are obtained by using a stable group of 7 stations scattered in different regions with relatively small relative vertical displacements as reference. During the period of 2000 to 2001, anomalous horizontal and vertical displacements occurred twice at the fiducial stations in western China. These anomalies may be related to seismic activities of magnitudes about 6 in the Yunnan region on the North South seismic belt.展开更多
A simple ballistic movement and two of its attributes (namely, reversal in time and synchronization with external events) are formulated. A three-dimensional, three-link musculoskeletal arm is subjected to a fast ball...A simple ballistic movement and two of its attributes (namely, reversal in time and synchronization with external events) are formulated. A three-dimensional, three-link musculoskeletal arm is subjected to a fast ballistic type movement. The central components of the movement from hippocampal, cerebellar, basal ganglia and reticular formation structures that may be involved in timing are identified. The role of agonist muscles and spinal reflexes in the execution of ballistic movements (namely, in fast starts and fast stops) is discussed. The needed three time intervals are constructed in real time and can be coordinated with external events. Delaying or advancing in time, synchronization, time scaling and inverting events in time relative to the movement is formulated. Digital computer simulations are presented to test the behavior of the formulated neural and spinal processing and demonstrate the behavior of the arm under such control.展开更多
This study investigates the physical conditions(water depth, current speed, salinity, temperature) in Lianzhou Bay, a shallow coastal bay in southern China, during two expeditions in the dry and wet seasons of 2011. B...This study investigates the physical conditions(water depth, current speed, salinity, temperature) in Lianzhou Bay, a shallow coastal bay in southern China, during two expeditions in the dry and wet seasons of 2011. Based on these expedition data, basic hydrodynamic parameters like Brunt-V?is?l? Frequency, Richardson Number, Rossby radius, and Resonance Period are calculated. The results show that Lianzhou Bay is characterized by comparatively small quantity of freshwater input and weak stratification. Strong tides, which are spatially uniform within the bay, cause turbulent mixing. Residence time of the water is shorter in winter due to a stronger coastal current in that season. Consideration of the water movement may help to reduce the harmful ecological impact of aquaculture waste water discharge.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 70901006 and 60634010)the State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety (Grant Nos. RCS2009ZT001 and RCS2008ZZ001)Beijing Jiaotong University, and the Innovation Foundation of Science and Technology for Excellent Doctorial Candidate of Beijing Jiaotong University (Grant No. 141034522)
文摘This paper presents a discrete-time model to describe the movements of a group of trains, in which some operational strategies, including traction operation, braking operation and impact of stochastic disturbance, are defined. To show the dynamic characteristics of train traffic flow with stochastic disturbance, some numerical experiments on a railway line are simulated. The computational results show that the discrete-time movement model can well describe the movements of trains on a rail line with the moving-block signalling system. Comparing with the results of no disturbance, it finds that the traffic capacity of the rail line will decrease with the influence of stochastic disturbance. Additionally, the delays incurred by stochastic disturbance can be propagated to the subsequent trains, and then prolong their traversing time on the rail line. It can provide auxiliary information for rescheduling trains When the stochastic disturbance occurs on the railway.
基金financially supported by the China Geological Survey project (grant no.1212011120165)National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no.41472327)
文摘The Tengchong-Lianghe movement, proposed and named by Chen et al （ 1991 ）, is an important tectonic event occurred from the late stage of middle Pleistocene to the early stage of the late Pleistocene in the Tenchong Block of southwest Yunnan. It reactivated the old faults in the region, and tilted, folded and fractured the Q1 and Q2 strata, resulting in the common angular unconformity between them. In addition, this region entered into an erosion-cutting stage, with its cutting depth reaching up to tens of meters, and formed very striking high lake terraces.
文摘A preliminary analysis of the time series of displacements at fiducial stations obtained from continuous GPS observations during the period of Sept. 1998 to Oct. 2001 in the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) is made. The selection of datum for producing displacement time series suitable for earthquake prediction is discussed. Time series of horizontal crustal displacements are obtained by using a datum of a stable group of 9 stations with very small relative horizontal displacements in eastern China as reference. Time series of vertical crustal displacements are obtained by using a stable group of 7 stations scattered in different regions with relatively small relative vertical displacements as reference. During the period of 2000 to 2001, anomalous horizontal and vertical displacements occurred twice at the fiducial stations in western China. These anomalies may be related to seismic activities of magnitudes about 6 in the Yunnan region on the North South seismic belt.
文摘A simple ballistic movement and two of its attributes (namely, reversal in time and synchronization with external events) are formulated. A three-dimensional, three-link musculoskeletal arm is subjected to a fast ballistic type movement. The central components of the movement from hippocampal, cerebellar, basal ganglia and reticular formation structures that may be involved in timing are identified. The role of agonist muscles and spinal reflexes in the execution of ballistic movements (namely, in fast starts and fast stops) is discussed. The needed three time intervals are constructed in real time and can be coordinated with external events. Delaying or advancing in time, synchronization, time scaling and inverting events in time relative to the movement is formulated. Digital computer simulations are presented to test the behavior of the formulated neural and spinal processing and demonstrate the behavior of the arm under such control.
基金the financial support from the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research(BMBF)to the Leibniz-Zentrum für Marine Tropenkologie GmbH(ZMT),Germany,for the project‘The Role of Mangroves for Biogeochemical Fluxes into the Coastal Ecosystemsunder the Influence of Anthropogenic Alterations’as part of the Sino-German Research Project‘BEIBU-Holocene environmental evolution and anthropogenic impact of Beibu Gulf,South China Sea’,WTZ China(Grant No.03F0607B) is acknowledged.
文摘This study investigates the physical conditions(water depth, current speed, salinity, temperature) in Lianzhou Bay, a shallow coastal bay in southern China, during two expeditions in the dry and wet seasons of 2011. Based on these expedition data, basic hydrodynamic parameters like Brunt-V?is?l? Frequency, Richardson Number, Rossby radius, and Resonance Period are calculated. The results show that Lianzhou Bay is characterized by comparatively small quantity of freshwater input and weak stratification. Strong tides, which are spatially uniform within the bay, cause turbulent mixing. Residence time of the water is shorter in winter due to a stronger coastal current in that season. Consideration of the water movement may help to reduce the harmful ecological impact of aquaculture waste water discharge.
