研究旨在准确、高效鉴定识别叶蝉科昆虫,克服传统分类方法的不足,为有效防治提供依据。以新疆4种叶蝉若虫和2种叶蝉成虫为试材,基于mt DNA COI基因,通过PCR扩增、测序技术获得6种叶蝉的基因序列。结果表明:6个样本的COI序列A+T含量高于G...研究旨在准确、高效鉴定识别叶蝉科昆虫,克服传统分类方法的不足,为有效防治提供依据。以新疆4种叶蝉若虫和2种叶蝉成虫为试材,基于mt DNA COI基因,通过PCR扩增、测序技术获得6种叶蝉的基因序列。结果表明:6个样本的COI序列A+T含量高于G+C,A/T碱基偏移明显,符合昆虫mt DNA碱基构成特点;6种叶蝉种间平均遗传距离为0.232,样本A、B、E种内平均遗传距离为0.0031,符合“10倍阈值定律”;样本A、B、E与数据库中相关叶蝉的序列相似度高于99%,与形态分类结果一致;6种叶蝉在系统发育树上位置清晰,分类明确,在各分类阶元间形成独立单系。获得6条COI基因序列可作为叶蝉快速鉴定的DNA条形码,其中4种若虫的基因序列为叶蝉科昆虫首次报道。展开更多
Pholis fangi is an ecologically important fish species inhabiting Chinese coastal waters of Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. To investigate the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of P. fangi, a fragment of 48...Pholis fangi is an ecologically important fish species inhabiting Chinese coastal waters of Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. To investigate the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of P. fangi, a fragment of 487 bp in the first hypervariable region (HVR-1) of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region was sequenced for 181 individuals collected from Bohai Sea and Yel- low Sea. A total of 18 polymorphic sites were detected, which defined 25 haplotypes. A moderate level of haplotype diversity (h = 0.7052) and a low level of nucleotide diversity (π= 0.0028) were detected. Both the phylogenetic tree and the haplotype network showed no significant genealogical structure difference among sampling locations. Pairwise FST comparison and hierarchical mo- lecular variance analysis (AMOVA) revealed that no significant genetic structure difference existed throughout the investigated re- gions, suggesting a high gene exchange among different populations. The results of neutrality test and mismatch distribution analysis indicated that a late Pleistocene population expansion (38000 127000 years ago) happened. Seasonal schooling migration may con- tribute to the genetically homogeneous population structure of the species.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is an accurate, simple and fast analytical method. This technique is widely used in the identification of meat adulteration and meat-ba...<div style="text-align:justify;"> Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is an accurate, simple and fast analytical method. This technique is widely used in the identification of meat adulteration and meat-based processed food products. Three Mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) primers NADH Dehydrogenase sub unit 5 (<em>ND5</em>), <em>D-Loop</em>, and Cytochrome b (<em>Cyt-b</em>) were tested for their specificity in detecting of pig (<em>Sus scrofa</em>) DNA fragments. DNA genome from 6 meat samples (pork, beef, goat, lamb, and chicken) was amplified by PCR technique using three pairs of primers (<em>ND5, D-Loop</em><em>, </em>and <em>Cyt-b</em>) and sequenced. The results of amplification using the three primers produced specific DNA bands with the lengths of 232 bp, 951 bp, and 404 bp, respectively. Comparison results with<em> ND5, D-Loop,</em> and <em>Cyt-b</em> gene sequences resulted in similarity values of 100%, 97%, and 99%, respectively. These showed that the mt-DNA primers of <em>ND5, D-Loop</em>, and<em> Cyt-b </em>genes can be recommended as specific primers in detecting pig (<em>Sus scrofa</em>) DNA fragments. </div>展开更多
文摘研究旨在准确、高效鉴定识别叶蝉科昆虫,克服传统分类方法的不足,为有效防治提供依据。以新疆4种叶蝉若虫和2种叶蝉成虫为试材,基于mt DNA COI基因,通过PCR扩增、测序技术获得6种叶蝉的基因序列。结果表明:6个样本的COI序列A+T含量高于G+C,A/T碱基偏移明显,符合昆虫mt DNA碱基构成特点;6种叶蝉种间平均遗传距离为0.232,样本A、B、E种内平均遗传距离为0.0031,符合“10倍阈值定律”;样本A、B、E与数据库中相关叶蝉的序列相似度高于99%,与形态分类结果一致;6种叶蝉在系统发育树上位置清晰,分类明确,在各分类阶元间形成独立单系。获得6条COI基因序列可作为叶蝉快速鉴定的DNA条形码,其中4种若虫的基因序列为叶蝉科昆虫首次报道。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41776171)
文摘Pholis fangi is an ecologically important fish species inhabiting Chinese coastal waters of Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. To investigate the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of P. fangi, a fragment of 487 bp in the first hypervariable region (HVR-1) of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region was sequenced for 181 individuals collected from Bohai Sea and Yel- low Sea. A total of 18 polymorphic sites were detected, which defined 25 haplotypes. A moderate level of haplotype diversity (h = 0.7052) and a low level of nucleotide diversity (π= 0.0028) were detected. Both the phylogenetic tree and the haplotype network showed no significant genealogical structure difference among sampling locations. Pairwise FST comparison and hierarchical mo- lecular variance analysis (AMOVA) revealed that no significant genetic structure difference existed throughout the investigated re- gions, suggesting a high gene exchange among different populations. The results of neutrality test and mismatch distribution analysis indicated that a late Pleistocene population expansion (38000 127000 years ago) happened. Seasonal schooling migration may con- tribute to the genetically homogeneous population structure of the species.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is an accurate, simple and fast analytical method. This technique is widely used in the identification of meat adulteration and meat-based processed food products. Three Mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) primers NADH Dehydrogenase sub unit 5 (<em>ND5</em>), <em>D-Loop</em>, and Cytochrome b (<em>Cyt-b</em>) were tested for their specificity in detecting of pig (<em>Sus scrofa</em>) DNA fragments. DNA genome from 6 meat samples (pork, beef, goat, lamb, and chicken) was amplified by PCR technique using three pairs of primers (<em>ND5, D-Loop</em><em>, </em>and <em>Cyt-b</em>) and sequenced. The results of amplification using the three primers produced specific DNA bands with the lengths of 232 bp, 951 bp, and 404 bp, respectively. Comparison results with<em> ND5, D-Loop,</em> and <em>Cyt-b</em> gene sequences resulted in similarity values of 100%, 97%, and 99%, respectively. These showed that the mt-DNA primers of <em>ND5, D-Loop</em>, and<em> Cyt-b </em>genes can be recommended as specific primers in detecting pig (<em>Sus scrofa</em>) DNA fragments. </div>
