基于Span-ASTE的可解释性政府多对象态度识别模型研究

[目的/意义]在政府态度识别研究中,针对没有考虑到新闻文本中可能存在多个评价对象、政府态度识别结果可解释性不强等问题,基于Span-ASTE构建政府态度识别模型,提升态度识别效果。[方法/过程]首先,采用BERT提取词级别特征,基于跨度转化为跨度特征表示;然后,联合方面术语和观点术语提取任务提取评价对象和态度描述语,利用双通道跨度剪枝策略筛选得到对象和态度描述语候选池;最后,结合候选池中的对象和态度描述语计算得到态度极性结果。[结果/结论]以美国国务院新闻文本为实验数据进行实验验证。实验结果表明:Span-ASTE在进行政府态度识别时具有一定优越性。相比于效果较好的对比模型,其精确率、召回率和F1值分别提升了约15.68%、19.37%和17.48%;在进行多对象态度识别时同样具有良好的性能表现;态度描述语可为态度极性的判断提供解释依据。[局限]政府态度识别效果还有待进一步提升,且数据规模较为有限,未来可尝试对数据集进行扩充。

长联大跨钢桁梁桥-无砟轨道静动力适应性研究

研究目的:为研究高速铁路长联大跨钢桁梁桥铺设无砟轨道的适应性,本文以我国首座铺设无砟轨道的长联大跨钢桁梁桥-郑济高铁黄河特大桥为研究对象,基于梁轨相互作用原理建立钢桁梁桥-无砟轨道精细化非线性分析模型,分析无缝线路强度、变形协调性、轨道静态铺设精度指标的变化规律,研究钢桁梁桥-无砟轨道静力适应性;基于车桥耦合动力学理论建立车-轨-桥耦合动力学模型,分析不同温度下的车桥耦合振动及行车性能,研究钢桁梁桥-无砟轨道动力适应性。研究结论:(1)长联大跨钢桁梁桥-无砟轨道体系的无缝线路强度、变形协调性、轨道静态不平顺及行车性能指标等指标均满足规范要求,静动力适应性表现良好;(2)温度梯度对无砟轨道层间压缩量、扣件滑移量影响显著,与整体温差相比,分别增大了51.08%和50.00%;(3)温度梯度劣化轨道静态中短波不平顺,与整体温差相比,10 m弦长、30 m基线长指标分别增大了144.12%和76.06%,60 m弦长指标基本不变;(4)温度梯度对轮重减载率影响显著,对脱轨系数、横向轮轨力等其他安全性和舒适度指标影响较小。

Networked collaborative pseudo-dynamic testing of a multi-span bridge based on NetSLab

Modem dynamic tests such as networked collaborative pseudo-dynamic testing （PDT） provide new tools to study the dynamic performance of large and complex structures. In this paper, several networked collaborative PDT systems established in China and abroad are introduced, including a detailed description of the first networked collaborative platform that involved the construction of a standardized demonstration procedure for networked collaborative PDT. The example is a multi-span bridge with RC piers retrofitted by FRP, and a networked structural laboratory （NetSLab） platform is used to link distributed laboratories located at several universities together. Substructure technology is also used in the testing. The characteristics, resource sharing and collaborative work of NetSLab are described, and the results illustrate that use of the NetSLab is feasible for studying the dynamic performance of multi-span bridge structures.

Numerical Calculation of Dynamic Response for Multi-Span Non-Uniform Beam Subjected to Moving Mass with Friction

In order to simulate the coupling vibration of a vehicle or train moves on a multi-span continuous bridge with non-uniform cross sections, a moving mass model is used according to the Finite Element Method, the effect of the inertial force, Coriolis force and centrifugal force are considered by means of the additive matrices. For a non-uniform rectangular section beam with both linear and parabolic variable heights in a plane, the stiffness and mass matrices of the beam elements are presented. For a non-uniform box girder, Romberg numerical integral scheme is adopted, each coefficient of the stiffness matrix is obtained by means of a normal numerical computation. By applying these elements to calculate the non-uniform beam, the computational accuracy and efficiency are improved. The finite element method program is worked out and an entire dynamic response process of the beam with non-uniform cross sections subjected to a moving mass is simulated numerically, the results are compared to those previously published for some simple examples. For some complex multi-span bridges subjected to some moving vehicles with changeable velocity and friction, the computational results, which can be regarded as a reference for engineering design and scientific research, are also given simultaneously.

基于对span的预判断和多轮分类的实体关系抽取

针对自然语言处理领域中的实体识别和关系抽取任务,提出一种对词元序列(Token Sequence,又称span)进行预测的模型Smrc。模型整体上利用BERT预训练模型作为编码器,另外包含实体预判断(Pej)、实体多轮分类(Emr)和关系多轮分类(Rmr)3个模块。Smrc模型通过Pej模块的初步判断及Emr模块的多轮实体分类来进行实体识别,再利用Rmr模块的多轮关系分类来判断实体对间的关系,进而完成关系抽取任务。在CoNLL04、SciERC和ADE 3个实验数据集上,Smrc模型的实体识别F1值分别达到89.67%,70.62%和89.56%,关系抽取F1值分别达到73.11%,51.03%和79.89%,相较之前在3个数据集上的最佳模型Spert,Smrc模型凭借实体预判断和实体及关系多轮分类,在2个子任务上其F1值分别提高了0.73%,0.29%,0.61%及1.64%,0.19%,1.05%,表明了该模型的有效性及其优势。

The minimal spanning tree method for calculating seismic multi-fractal

There are many methods to calculate seismic fractal at present. However, there are still more or less questions to every method. In this paper, we introduce a new way to calculate seismic fractal-the minimal spanning tree. We make an important improvement for this method. By studying some seismic events of four regions including Wushi, Wusu, Tangshan and Haicheng, we obtain that before the strong earthquake occurrence, the multi-fractal spectrum of the space-time distribution of earthquakes changes from centralized to loose. The result shows that the complexity of fractal structure and the inhomogeneity of the space-time distribution of earthquakes are both increasing. By studying the numerical simulation of point sets, we draw the conclusion that the physical essence of multi-fractal spectrums before and after a strong earthquake occurrence is a changing process from homogeneous to inhomogeneous, from simple to complex.

Analytical investigation of bidirectional ductile diaphragms in multi-span bridges

In the AASHTO Guide Specifications for Seismic Bridge Design Provisions,ductile diaphragms are identified as Permissible Earthquake-Resisting Elements（EREs）,designed to help resist seismic loads applied in the transverse direction of bridges.When adding longitudinal ductile diaphragms,a bidirectional ductile diaphragm system is created that can address seismic excitations acting along both the bridge’s longitudinal and transverse axes.This paper investigates bidirectional ductile diaphragms with Buckling Restrained Braces（BRBs）in straight multi-span bridge with simply supported floating spans.The flexibility of the substructures in the transverse and longitudinal direction of the bridge is considered.Design procedures for the bidirectional ductile diaphragms are first proposed.An analytical model of the example bridge with bidirectional ductile diaphragms,designed based on the proposed methodology,is then built in SAP2000.Pushover and nonlinear time history analyses are performed on the bridge model,and corresponding results are presented.The effect of changing the longitudinal stiffness of the bidirectional ductile diaphragms in the end spans connecting to the abutment is also investigated,in order to better understand the impact on the bridge’s dynamic performance.

基于位移-速度输入法结构多点激励FPS支座隔震效果研究

受行波效应、相干效应、场地效应的影响,大跨度结构的多点激励地震反应分析非常复杂,且考虑多点激励下对大跨空间网格结构隔震性能的影响是结构工程抗震方向中有重大意义的研究课题。以单层圆柱面大跨度空间网架结构为研究对象,基于直接位移法,应用SAP2000有限元软件建立了多点激励动力反应时程分析模型,进行结构在地震动一致激励和多点激励作用下的动力反应分析计算。结果表明:水平地震动多点激励效应对大跨度空间结构的影响十分显著,需采取使用多点激励输入方式。不设置隔震支座时,多点激励下,支撑柱弯矩与剪力随波速的减小而明显增加,柱顶位移变小,中柱轴力略微上升。基础隔震时,各支撑柱柱顶内力与位移的分配较无隔震时存在差异。边柱的弯矩、剪力及轴力均小于中柱的相应值,但柱顶位移增加明显。柱弯矩减震效率保持在45%~75%,柱剪力减震效率保持在60%~85%;柱顶隔震时,能得到比基础隔震更高的隔震效率,且柱弯矩隔震效率高达90%左右,柱剪力隔震效率保持在85%~90%。柱顶位移显著减小,柱轴力比基础隔震时略有增加。

Research and Analysis on Cooling Capacity of Temperature Adjustment Equipments in Agricultural Multi-span Greenhouse

The high summer indoor temperature in agricultural greenhouse is not conducive to crop growth,so it is necessary to cool the greenhouse. In this study,taking the agricultural multi-span greenhouse with strong temperature adjustment ability for example,we make an experimental analysis on the temperature changes inside and outside the greenhouse under nine different equipment combinations( fan,skylight,sunshade,sunshade + fan,cooling pad + fan,skylight + fan,sunshade + skylight,sunshade + fan + cooling pad,sunshade + skylight + fan),respectively,and conduct the overall assessment on the measures to cool the summer agricultural greenhouse,in order to provide a reference for selecting a cost-effective cooling method for greenhouse. Tests show that the three treatment modes of fan,sunshade and sunshade + fan almost have no cooling capacity; skylight,sunshade + skylight have cooling capacity,but the effect is slow; cooling pad + fan,sunshade + skylight +fan can reduce the indoor temperature,but the effect is not very good; skylight and fan have good cooling effect; sunshade + fan + cooling pad has obvious cooling effect,which can well meet the cooling needs in the summer greenhouse.

FE Dynamic Analysis Using Moving Support Element on Multi-Span Beams Subjected to Support Motions

In the present study, finite element dynamic analysis or time history analysis of two-span beams subjected to asynchronous multi-support motions is carried out by using the moving support finite element. The elemental equation of the element is based on total displacements and is derived under the concept of the quasi-static displacement decomposition. The use of moving support element shows that the element is very simple and convenient to represent continuous beam moving, deforming and vibrating simultaneously due to support motions. The comparison between the numerical results and analytical solutions indicates that the FE result agrees with the analytical solution.

基于Multi-agent和粒子群引导最小生成树的配电网重构算法

在最小生成树的基础上提出了粒子群引导的最小生成树算法,并结合粒子间互学习,优秀粒子自学习,优胜劣汰机制和Multi-agent系统的特点,构成了一种新的配电网重构算法。该方法加强了信息在环境中的传递,有效地解决了一般最小生成树的盲目性,边值的难以确定性和改进粒子群优化算法仿生学意义的不明确性等缺点。在Multi-agent系统中,粒子通过竞争与合作,提高了粒子间的相互交流,加快了粒子向全局最优点靠拢。对粒子进行互学习和自学习操作,使算法的收敛速度得到进一步的提高。通过对PG&E69系统进行仿真,结果表明提出的算法具有计算速度快,收敛性好,求解可靠等优点。

海底多跨管道流-固-土多场耦合试验研究

为弥补现阶段缺乏多跨管道涡激振动试验研究的不足,综合考虑流-固-土多场耦合,创造性地设计了一套完整的拖曳水池试验系统,并开展了多跨管道涡激振动试验观测。该试验系统可实现海底管道结构自身属性、土体作用、来流速度和预张力等因素对多跨管道涡激振动影响的数据获取,可为后续多跨管道涡激振动的理论研究和数值模拟提供数据参考和验证。研究结果表明:该系统可精准模拟多跨管道复杂的涡激振动现象。该研究可为多跨管道跨间作用机理的试验研究提供新思路,同时为系统地研究多跨管道涡激振动提供试验装备支持。

R_2PO_4H-Span80-煤油乳化液膜体系萃取Ni^(2+)的研究

研究了R2PO4H-Span80-煤油乳化液膜体系萃取含Ni2+溶液,经实验得到了最优化的萃取条件,同时研究并找出了R2PO4H类双亲分子作为载体时的最佳载体.

Multi-features Based Approach for Moving Shadow Detection

In the video-based surveillance application, moving shadows can affect the correct localization and detection of moving objects. This paper aims to present a method for shadow detection and suppression used for moving visual object detection. The major novelty of the shadow suppression is the integration of several features including photometric invariant color feature, motion edge feature, and spatial feature etc. By modifying process for false shadow detected, the averaging detection rate of moving object reaches above 90% in the test of Hall-Monitor sequence.

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST)

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) is a special reflecting Schmidt telescope. LAMOST’s special design allows both a large aperture (effective aperture of 3.6 m–4.9 m) and a wide field of view (FOV) (5°). It has an innovative active reflecting Schmidt configuration which continuously changes the mirror’s surface that adjusts during the observation process and combines thin deformable mirror active optics with segmented active optics. Its primary mirror (6.67m×6.05 m) and active Schmidt mirror (5.74m×4.40 m) are both segmented, and composed of 37 and 24 hexagonal sub-mirrors respectively. By using a parallel controllable fiber positioning technique, the focal surface of 1.75 m in diameter can accommodate 4000 optical fibers. Also, LAMOST has 16 spectrographs with 32 CCD cameras. LAMOST will be the telescope with the highest rate of spectral acquisition. As a national large scientific project, the LAMOST project was formally proposed in 1996, and approved by the Chinese government in 1997. The construction started in 2001, was completed in 2008 and passed the official acceptance in June 2009. The LAMOST pilot survey was started in October 2011 and the spectroscopic survey will launch in September 2012. Up to now, LAMOST has released more than 480 000 spectra of objects. LAMOST will make an important contribution to the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe, structure and evolution of the Galaxy, and cross-identification of multiwaveband properties in celestial objects.

基于NSGA-Ⅱ与方案优选的机场航站楼大跨度钢结构多目标优化研究

为优选出机场航站楼大跨度钢结构最佳施工方案,实现施工工期短、成本低和质量高的综合优化目标,文章以非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ,NSGA-Ⅱ)与方案优选为基础,结合建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)技术和工作分解结构(work breakdown structure,WBS)技术,构建兼具优化与施工仿真模拟的大跨度钢结构多目标优化体系;以某军民合用机场为例,应用该体系确定该工程航站楼大跨度网架结构安装采用分块安装法,优选出的施工方案较优化前不仅质量水平保持在较高的0.95,而且工期缩短22 d、成本减少57625元,进一步验证了该体系具有很好的可行性与有效性。研究结果可为科学合理地确定大跨度钢结构施工方案提供依据,并有助于提高机场航站楼施工管理水平,为类似工程提供参考。

A Comparative Study of Acute Hemodynamic Effects of Multi -site Cardiac Pacing in patients with cardiac function NYHA class ⅠtoⅡ without bundle branch block

Objective To compare the acute hemodynamic effects of five different pacing modes in patients with cardiac function NYHA class Ⅰ to Ⅱ without bundle branch block (BBB). Methods This study included 12 patients (SSS 7, Ⅲ°AVB 5) undergoing pacemaker implantation. Right ventricular apex (RVA), right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), right ventricular bifocal (RV-Bi), left ventricular base (LVB) and bi -ventricular (Bi-Ⅴ) pacing at 60 -80 ppm were done in VVI mode prior to implantation of DDD pacemaker. The cardiac index (CI), mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) were measured with Swan - Ganz thermodilution catheter after 5 minutes of each pacing mode. Results (1) Comparing to pacing at RVA (CI: 2. 41± 0. 38 L/min per m2, PCWP: 16. 7 ±3.3 mmHg), the CI increased and the PCWP decreased significantly in pacing at RVOT(CI: 2. 63 ± 0.46, PCWP: 13. 8±2. 3), LVB(CI: 2. 78±0.52, PCWP: 14. 4±3.1), RV-Bi(CI: 2. 83±0.57, PCWP: 12. 8± 2. 5) and Bi -Ⅴ pacing (CI: 2. 94± 0.60, PCWP: 12. 7±2. 5), P < 0. 01, respectively. (2) The CI of RV-Bi and Bi-Ⅴ pacing was higher than that of RVOT and LVB pacing, the PCWP was lower, P < 0. 05, respectively. (3) There was no significant difference between RV - Bi pacing and Bi-Ⅴ pacing in CI and PCWP. Conclusion There is no significant difference between RV - Bi pacing and Bi -V pacing in the acute hemodynamic effects; however,dual - site pacing is much better than single site pacing in that aspect for patients with cardiac function NYHA class Ⅰ to Ⅱ without BBB. Among single site pacing, the RVOT and LVB pacing is better than RVA pacing in cardiac function.

Exact Algorithm to Solve the Minimum Cost Multi-Constrained Multicast Routing Problem

The optimal solution of the multi-constrained QoS multicast routing problem is a tree-like hierarchical structure in the topology graph. This multicast route contains a feasible path from the source node to each of the destinations with respect to a set of QoS constraints while minimizing a cost function. Often, it is a tree. In other cases, the hierarchies can return several times to nodes and links of the topology graph. Similarly to Steiner problem, finding such a structure is an NP-hard problem. The usual tree and topology enumeration algorithms applied for the Steiner problem cannot be used to solve the addressed problem. In this paper, we propose an exact algorithm based on the Branch and Bound principle and improved by the Lookahead technique. We show relevant properties of the optimum hierarchy permitting efficient pruning of the search space. To our knowledge, our paper is the first to propose an exact algorithm for this non-trivial multi-constrained optimal multicast route computation. Simulations illustrate the efficiency of the proposed pruning operations. The analysis of the execution time shows that in simple topologies and with tight QoS constraints the exact algorithm requires relatively little execution time. With loose constraints the computation time cannot be tolerated even for off-line route computation. In these cases, the solution is close to a Steiner tree and heuristics can be applied. These results can serve as basis for the design of efficient, polynomial-time routing algorithms.

Research on A Master - slave Multi - microcomputers Control System for Hollow Spindle Fancy Yarn Spinning Machine

In this paper, a successfully studied and developed master - slave muld - microcomputers control system based on PC - BUS for hollow spindle fancy yarn spinning machine, mainly Its overall scheme, software and hardware construction, is introduced. Spinning experiments show that the system achieves satisfactory result. This system can solve the diftkultles of mechatronical fusion between domestic hollow splndk fancy yarn spuming muchine and its microcomputer control technology.

On the Representation of Multi-layer Woven Structure

A quantitative method is developed to identify the structures of multi-layer woven fabric in this study. Six structural parameters are selected to represent the fabric structure. With some design criteria for the reinforcement of textile composites, the relationships among the structural parameters are derived for different binding patterns of the fabric structure. The conditions, which meet the requirements of structural cell stability,are also discussed.