基于多维能力和知识图谱-多层感知机的变压器运行状态画像构建方法

利用大数据和画像技术对电力变压器运行状态进行准确评价有利于保障电力系统的安全稳定运行。针对电力变压器运行状态传统评价方法存在的评价维度过于单一、主观性较强等不足,提出了一种基于多维能力和知识图谱-多层感知机的变压器运行状态画像构建方法。首先,构建了由绝缘水平、负载能力、抗短路能力、能效等级和调压能力五个能力构成的变压器运行状态画像体系;然后,融合知识图谱(knowledge graph,KG)与多层感知机(multilayer perceptron,MLP),建立了一种变压器运行状态画像分析模型;最后,基于某地区1368台110kV变压器的实际运行数据,开展了变压器运行状态画像的实例分析,并与随机森林(random forest,RF)和支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)方法的画像分析结果进行对比。研究结果表明,所提方法对变压器运行状态画像的准确率达到96.35%,优于RF算法(准确率89%)和SVM算法(准确率77%),为电力变压器的运行状态评价提供了一种新思路。

基于Wi-Fi感知的多用户身份识别研究

随着无线感知技术的发展,基于Wi-Fi的身份识别研究在人机交互和家居安防等领域备受关注。尽管基于Wi-Fi信号的身份识别已经取得了初步的成功,但是目前主要适用于用户独立行为场景,并发行为下的多用户身份识别仍然面临着一系列挑战,包括用户之间的相互干扰以及模型鲁棒性差等问题。因此,提出了一种并发行为下多用户身份识别系统Wiblack,其核心思想是训练一个多分支深度神经网络(Wiblack-Net)来提取每个单用户的独特特征。首先,利用主干网络提取多用户之间的共同特征;然后,为每个用户分配一个二分类器以此判断给定群体中是否存在目标用户,在此基础上基于并发行为实现多个用户身份识别。此外,将Wiblack与多个独立的二分类模型和单个多分类模型进行对比实验,对运行效率和系统性能进行分析。实验结果显示,在同时识别3个用户身份时,Wibalck平均准确率达到了92.97%,平均精确度为93.71%,平均召回率为93.24%,平均F1值为92.43%。

基于Sage-Husa的WMI-SARCKF的锂电池SOC估计

目的为能够精确估计锂电池的荷电状态(SOC),避免容积卡尔曼滤波计算过程中矩阵易负定的问题,提高算法的鲁棒性和精度。方法提出了一种基于Sage-Husa的加权自适应鲁棒容积卡尔曼滤波(WMI-SARCKF)算法,并结合遗忘因子递推最小二乘法(AFFRLS)形成联合算法,实现了模型参数和SOC的交替更新。AFFRLS在线算法能够自适应调节遗忘因子大小,解决了离线参数辨识因难以适应复杂工况而导致辨识精度下降的问题。在传统的容积卡尔曼滤波基础上,使用对角化变化取代Cholesky分解,采用噪声自适应算法来降低观测噪声对SOC估计精度的影响,通过粒子滤波的权重的思想赋予每个新息不同的权重,提高算法收敛速度。为保证输出的残差序列正交,在时间方程和量测方程中引入渐消因子,增强了容积卡尔曼滤波对电池突变状态的跟踪能力。结果将改进的容积卡尔曼算法(Improved-CKF)与离线CKF和AFFRLS-CKF算法分别在DST和FUDS工况下进行对比,改进后算法的SOC估计平均绝对误差(MAE)和均方根误差(RMSE)均明显降低。结论仿真结果表明,改进后的算法具有更高的滤波器稳定性和SOC估计精度,在实际中具有较高的应用价值。

基于CGOA-MAM-TCN算法的车用锂电池荷电状态估计

针对数据驱动的锂电池荷电状态估计方法仍然存在对大量标定数据的依赖、同时应对动态变化和复杂运行状况时表现不佳等问题,提出了改进蝗虫算法优化结合时域卷积网络和多头注意力机制的锂电池荷电状态估计方法。首先利用时域卷积网络对锂电池荷电时间序列数据中的长期依赖关系进行建模,同时采用多头注意力机制学习数据特征长期依赖关系,利用每个注意力头去计算序列中不同张量的依赖关系,辅助时域卷积神经网络增强对依赖关系的捕获,降低其对大量标定数据的依赖;另外为使模型发挥出最佳性能,改进了混沌蝗虫算法优化模型的超参数。试验结果表明:在不同温度条件下,相较于其他方法,优化模型在锂电池荷电状态估计任务中表现出更好的准确率和稳定性。

Integrated importance measure for multi-state coherent systems of k level

To verify the effectiveness of the integrated importance measure （IIM） for multi-state coherent systems of k level, the definition and physical meaning of IIM are demonstrated. Then, the improvement potential and Δ-importance measures are generalized to multi-state coherent systems based on the system performance level, and the relationships between IIM and traditional importance measures are discussed. The characteristics of IIM are demonstrated in both series and parallel systems. Also, an application to an oil transportation system is given. The comparison results show that： （i） IIM has some useful properties that are not possessed by traditional importance measures; （ii） IIM is effective in evaluating the component role in multi-state systems when the component reliability and the failure rate are simultaneously considered.

Importance measure of system reliability upgrade for multi-state consecutive k-out-of-n systems

Importance measures in reliability systems are used to identify weak components in contributing to a proper function of the system. Traditional importance measures mainly concerned the changing value of the system reliability caused by the change of the reliability of the component, and seldom considered the joint effect of the probability distribution, improvement rate of the object component. This paper studies the rate of the system reliability upgrading with an improvement of the component reliability for the multi-state consecutive k-out-of-n system. To verify the multi-state consecutive k-out-of-n system reliability upgrading by improving one component based on its improvement rate, an increasing potential importance （IPI） and its physical meaning are described at first. Secondly, the relationship between the IPI and Birnbaum importance measures are discussed. And the IPI for some different improvement actions of the component is further discussed. Thirdly, the characteristics of the IPI are analyzed. Finally, an application to an oil pipeline system is given.

Importance Analysis of a Multi-state System Based on Direct Partial Logic Derivatives and Multi-valued Decision Diagrams

Importance analysis quantifies the critical degree of individual component. Compared with the traditional binary state system,importance analysis of the multi-state system is more aligned with the practice. Because the multi-valued decision diagram( MDD) can reflect the relationship between the components and the system state bilaterally, it was introduced into the reliability calculation of the multi-state system( MSS). The building method,simplified criteria,and path search and probability algorithm of MSS structure function MDD were given,and the reliability of the system was calculated. The computing methods of importance based on MDD and direct partial logic derivatives( DPLD) were presented. The diesel engine fuel supply system was taken as an example to illustrate the proposed method. The results show that not only the probability of the system in each state can be easily obtained,but also the influence degree of each component and its state on the system reliability can be obtained,which is conducive to the condition monitoring and structure optimization of the system.

Improvement for consensus performance of multi-agent systems based on delayed-state-derivative feedback

The delayed-state-derivative feedback （DSDF） is in- troduced into the existing consensus protocol to simultaneously improve the robustness to communication delay and accele- rate the convergence speed of achieving the consensus. The frequency-domain analysis, together with the algebra graph the- ory, is employed to derive the sufficient and necessary condition guaranteeing the average consensus. It is shown that introduc- ing the DSDF with the proper intensity in the existing consensus protocol can improve the robustness to communication delay. By analyzing the effect of DSDF on the closed-loop poles, this pa- per proves that for a supercritical-delay multi-agent system, this strategy can also accelerate the convergence speed of achieving the consensus with provided the proper intensity of the DSDE Simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

Asymptotical consensus of fractional-order multi-agent systems with current and delay states

In this paper,we study some new fractional-order multi-agent systems with current and delay states (FMASCD).Using the generalized Nyquist's stability criterion and Gerschgorin's circle theorem,we obtain the bounded input-bounded output (BIBO) stability and asymptotical consensus of the FMASCD under mild conditions.Moreover,we give some numerical examples to illustrate our main results.

Several teleportation schemes of an arbitrary unknown multi-particle state via different quantum channels

We first provide four new schemes for two-party quantum teleportation of an arbitrary unknown multi-particle state by using three-, four-, and five-particle states as the quantum channel, respectively. The successful probability and fidelity of the four schemes reach 1. In the first two schemes, the receiver can only apply one of the unitary transformations to reconstruct the original state, making it easier for these two schemes to be directly realized. In the third and fourth schemes, the sender can preform Bell-state measurements instead of multipartite entanglement measurements of the existing similar schemes, which makes real experiments more suitable. It is found that the last three schemes may become tripartite controlled teleportation schemes of teleporting an arbitrary multi-particle state after a simple modification. Finally, we present a new scheme for three-party sharing an arbitrary unknown multi-particle state. In this scheme, the sender first shares three three-particle GHZ states with two agents. After setting up the secure quantum channel, an arbitrary unknown multi-particle state can be perfectly teleported if the sender performs three Bell-state measurements, and either of two receivers operates an appropriate unitary transformation to obtain the original state with the help of other receiver＇s three single-particle measurements. The successful probability and fidelity of this scheme also reach 1. It is demonstrated that this scheme can be generalized easily to the case of sharing an arbitrary unknown multi-particle state among several agents.

局部破损下考虑摩擦的直齿轮系统多状态啮合-碰撞动态特性研究

局部破损是直齿轮常见的故障之一,影响齿轮传动的平稳、安全运行。轮齿碰撞不可忽略,揭示局部破损下齿轮系统啮合-碰撞动态特性对提高齿轮系统安全稳定运行尤为重要。基于齿轮啮合原理和能量耗散碰撞接触力模型,考虑齿背接触的瞬时性,建立局部破损下齿面啮合模型和齿背碰撞模型。根据齿轮副接触状态及受力环境,对局部破损下多状态啮合-碰撞行为进行分类,建立局部破损下渐开线直齿轮系统啮合-碰撞离散动力学模型,探讨局部破损对齿轮系统啮合刚度和载荷分配的影响特征。分析局部破损下接触力变化机理,定义Poincaré映射截面,研究载荷系数和啮合频率变化下系统混沌、分岔特性。研究发现,局部破损影响接触力单双齿啮合区域,降低齿轮局部承载能力;较大载荷抑制齿背碰撞,较小载荷诱发周期运动共存现象和齿背碰撞;较大和较小啮合频率诱发齿背碰撞;混沌运动和周期运动共存现象诱发齿背碰撞,局部破损影响多周期共存现象,加剧系统运动的复杂性。揭示主动轮局部破损下考虑能量耗散的齿轮系统动力学模型及非线性振动机理,探究齿背碰撞发生条件。研究成果为故障齿轮系统非线性动力学建模和分析提供了新的方法和思路。

一种低复杂度的Multi-h CPM相干解调算法及FPGA实现

多调制指数连续相位调制(Multi-h Continuous Phase Modulation,Multi-h CPM)是一种恒包络调制,具有多个周期出现的调制指数,因此其频谱效率和功率效率比单调制指数CPM更高,但其接收机的复杂度也随之增加。本文在倾斜相位(Tilted Phase,TP)的基础上采用频率脉冲截断(Frequency Pulse Truncation,FPT)和状态空间分割(State Space Partition,SSP)相结合的方法来降低多调制指数连续相位调制的复杂度,使相位状态由512降低到16,理论损耗约为0.8 dB。同时,对降低复杂度的解调算法在现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Arrays,FPGA)上进行了验证。仿真和在线测试的误码率曲线接近理论分析曲线,和常用的128状态解调算法相比,资源消耗降低了约59%。

声纹信号-图形差分场增强和多头自注意力机制的变压器工作状态辨识方法

为提升电力变压器工作状态的智能监测水平,提出声纹信号-图形差分场增强和多头自注意力机制的变压器工作状态辨识方法。基于图形差分场技术将声纹信号映射为二维图像,再借助多头注意力机制的视觉转换器实现图像信息的深层挖掘与状态辨识,采用梯度加权类激活映射实现分类结果的可解释性分析。搭建了包含变压器4种典型工作状态下的实验模拟测试系统平台,实验结果表明:所提方法不仅能够有效表征变压器声纹信号的状态特征,且分类辨识精度相较于“时频图+引入多头注意力机制的变换网络”与“图形差分场+引入残差模块的卷积神经网络”的常规方法有显著提升,提升约6%,同时也具备较好的鲁棒性,可为电气设备的故障检测研究提供一定参考。

Seismic fragility analysis of highway bridges considering multi-dimensional performance limit state

Fragility analysis for highway bridges has become increasingly important in the risk assessment of highway transportation networks exposed to seismic hazards. This study introduces a methodology to calculate fragility that considers multi-dimensional performance limit state parameters and makes a first attempt to develop fragility curves for a multi-span continuous (MSC) concrete girder bridge considering two performance limit state parameters: column ductility and transverse deformation in the abutments. The main purpose of this paper is to show that the performance limit states, which are compared with the seismic response parameters in the calculation of fragility, should be properly modeled as randomly interdependent variables instead of deterministic quantities. The sensitivity of fragility curves is also investigated when the dependency between the limit states is different. The results indicate that the proposed method can be used to describe the vulnerable behavior of bridges which are sensitive to multiple response parameters and that the fragility information generated by this method will be more reliable and likely to be implemented into transportation network loss estimation.

Multi-hop teleportation based on W state and EPR pairs

Multi-hop teleportation has significant value due to long-distance delivery of quantum information. Many studies about multi-hop teleportation are based on Bell pairs, partially entangled pairs or W state. The possibility of multi-hop teleportation constituted by partially entangled pairs relates to the number of nodes. The possibility of multi-hop teleportation constituted by double W states is （4/9）~n after n-hop teleportation. In this paper, a multi-hop teleportation scheme based on W state and EPR pairs is presented and proved. The successful possibility of quantum information transmitted hop by hop through intermediate nodes is deduced. The possibility of successful transmission is （2/3）~n after n-hop teleportation.

Reliability Improvement of Large Multi-state Series-parallel Systems

In the paper, excess methods for improving the reliability of multi-state series-parallel systems are presented： for the hot reserve of single components, the cold reserve of single components, and the mixed （hot and cold） reserve of single components. A process is also introduced to improve the reliability of these methods by replacing their components with more reliable ones. New theorems for multi-state limit reliability functions in homogeneous and non-homogeneous series-parallel large systems composed of components with improved reliability are presented, and applied to compare the effects of these systems in different reliability improving methods.

Reliability Evaluation and Sensitivity Analysis for Multi-state System Based on Time Degradation Measures

The performance and state of multi-state system depend on its structure and different state combinations of the components. In order to evaluate the reliability of multi-state system effectively,a reliability evaluation and sensitivity analysis method based on the time degradation measures was proposed. The equivalence sets of the multi-state system under different output performances were established. The state combinations were classified according to the performance level. The degradation probability models under different states were established,and the new reliability measures,such as dynamic probability of multi-state system,holding time in each state,dynamic expectation function and integrated expectation function of the performance,were proposed and used to implement the dynamic reliability evaluation and sensitivity analysis. A certain diesel engine fuel feeding system was taken as an application example to illustrate the proposed method. The results show that not only the holding time in the desired state of the components and the system can be predicted,but also the best state component in a certain time period can be obtained.

基于多元储能的光储微网电-热协同存储策略研究

为了提高光储微网的经济性及运行可靠性,提出了一种基于多元储能系统的电-热协同存储策略。首先,建立了多元储能系统运行模型,并通过变分模态分解将多元储能系统需承担的功率进行了分解;进而依据各储能设备的响应特性将分解后得到的分量进行了重构,并采用电-热协同存储策略来确定各储能设备的出力计划与容量配置;最后,基于各储能设备的运行状态,引入模糊控制算法对储能设备的分配功率指令进行了实时修正。结果表明:本文所提出的策略使储能系统年化成本下降了约14.98%,节省了约66.05万元,并提高了系统的长期平抑波动能力与电-热协同存储的协调能力。

Capacitated stochastic coloured Petri net-based approach for computing two-terminal reliability of multi-state network

Classical network reliability problems assume both net- works and components have only binary states, fully working or fully failed states. But many actual networks are multi-state, such as communication networks and transportation networks. The nodes and arcs in the networks may be in intermediate states which are not fully working either fully failed. A simulation ap- proach for computing the two-terminal reliability of a multi-state network is described. Two-terminal reliability is defined as the probability that d units of demand can be supplied from the source to sink nodes under the time threshold T. The capacities of arcs may be in a stochastic state following any discrete or continuous distribution. The transmission time of each arc is also not a fixed number but stochastic according to its current capacity and de- mand. To solve this problem, a capacitated stochastic coloured Petri net is proposed for modelling the system behaviour. Places and transitions respectively stand for the nodes and arcs of a net- work. Capacitated transition and self-modified token colour with route information are defined to describe the multi-state network. By the simulation, the two-terminal reliability and node importance can be estimated and the optimal route whose reliability is highest can also be given. Finally, two examples of different kinds of multi- state networks are given.

A simple scheme for generating multi-atom GHZ state via cavity QED

This paper proposes a simple scheme for generating a three-atom GHZ state via cavity quantum electrodynamics （QED）. The task can be achieved through the interaction between two EPR states, which can be prepared easily with current technology. In this scheme, the cavity field is only virtually excited during the interaction process, and no quantum information transfer between the atoms and the cavity is required. Thus it greatly prolongs the efficient decoherent time. Moreover, this scheme is also applicable for generating an N-atom GHZ state.