基于Multi-Agent的无人机集群体系自主作战系统设计

针对无人集群自主作战体系设计中的关键问题,提出基于Multi-Agent的无人集群自主作战系统设计方法。建立无人集群各节点的Agent模型及其推演规则;对于仿真系统模块化和通用化的需求,设计系统互操作式接口和无人集群自主作战的交互关系;开展无人集群系统仿真推演验证。仿真结果表明,所提设计方案不仅能够有效开展并完成自主作战网络生成-集群演化-效能评估的全过程动态演示验证,而且能够通过重复随机试验进一步评估无人集群的协同作战效能,最后总结了集群协同作战的策略和经验。

西风带阻塞高压形成及崩溃动力机制的Euler-Lagrange理论解释

本文主要采用Euler-Lagrange理论,讨论正压剪切流的切变参数对阻塞高压形成的影响。研究表明:存在一个临界参数,当切变参数的绝对值超过这个临界参数,正压剪切流将分歧出阻塞流型,这意味着阻塞高压的形成;反之,当切变参数的绝对值小于这个临界参数,阻塞流型将恢复到剪切流,这意味着阻塞高压的崩溃。该研究一定程度回答了阻塞流型“怎么形成”和“怎么崩溃”这一基本而关键的问题。

Backstepping-based distributed coordinated tracking formultiple uncertain Euler-Lagrange systems

Based on the idea of backstepping design, distributedcoordinated tracking problems under directed topology are discussedfor multiple Euler-Lagrange （EL） systems. The dynamicleader case is considered. First, with the parameter-linearity property,a distributed coordinated adaptive control scheme is proposedfor EL systems in the presence of parametric uncertainties.Then, subject to nonlinear uncertainties and external disturbances,an improved adaptive control algorithm is developed by usingneural-network （NN） approximation of nonlinear functions. Bothproposed algorithms can make tracking errors for each followerultimately bounded. The closed-loop systems are investigated byusing the combination of graph theory, Lyapunov theory, and BarbalatLemma. Numerical examples and comparisons with othermethods are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposedcontrol strategies.

网络化Euler-Lagrange系统的分布式编队机动控制

研究了网络化Euler-Lagrange系统自适应编队机动控制问题.针对参数不确定的Euler-Lagrange系统,利用滑模控制方法提出了一种自适应编队机动控制算法.基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,证明了闭环系统的稳定性.该算法的显著特点是通过引入一种特殊的有向网络拓扑来描述智能体之间的通信交互行为,使得系统中跟随者在不需要知道或估计时变机动参数的情况下,能够实现编队的方向、平移、形状的连续改变.最后对提出的自适应编队机动控制算法进行数值模拟以验证该控制方案的有效性.

滑模控制下多Euler-Lagrange系统预设时间二分一致性

本文研究了具有外部干扰的多Euler-Lagrange系统预设时间滑模二分一致性问题.通过设计分布式控制协议,使得具有动态领导者的多Euler-Lagrange系统在预设时间内到达滑模面,从而进一步在另一预设时间内实现二分一致性.本文采用的终端滑模控制方法可以在克服外部干扰的基础上保证系统在预设时间内实现期望的控制目标.最后,通过数值仿真验证了理论结果的可行性和有效性.

Multi-scale data joint inversion of minerals and porosity in altered igneous reservoirs—A case study in the South China Sea

There are abundant igneous gas reservoirs in the South China Sea with significant value of research,and lithology classification,mineral analysis and porosity inversion are important links in reservoir evaluation.However,affected by the diverse lithology,complicated mineral and widespread alteration,conventional logging lithology classification and mineral inversion become considerably difficult.At the same time,owing to the limitation of the wireline log response equation,the quantity and accuracy of minerals can hardly meet the exploration requirements of igneous formations.To overcome those issues,this study takes the South China Sea as an example,and combines multi-scale data such as micro rock slices,petrophysical experiments,wireline log and element cutting log to establish a set of joint inversion methods for minerals and porosity of altered igneous rocks.Specifically,we define the lithology and mineral characteristics through core slices and mineral data,and establish an igneous multi-mineral volumetric model.Then we determine element cutting log correction method based on core element data,and combine wireline log and corrected element cutting log to perform the lithology classification and joint inversion of minerals and porosity.However,it is always difficult to determine the elemental eigenvalues of different minerals in inversion.This paper uses multiple linear regression methods to solve this problem.Finally,an integrated inversion technique for altered igneous formations was developed.The results show that the corrected element cutting log are in good agreement with the core element data,and the mineral and porosity results obtained from the joint inversion based on the wireline log and corrected element cutting log are also in good agreement with the core data from X-ray diffraction.The results demonstrate that the inversion technique is applicable and this study provides a new direction for the mineral inversion research of altered igneous formations.

Improved Scatter Search Algorithm for Multi-skilled Personnel Scheduling of Ship Block Painting

This paper focuses on the optimization method for multi-skilled painting personnel scheduling.The budget working time analysis is carried out considering the influence of operating area,difficulty of spraying area,multi-skilled workers,and worker’s efficiency,then a mathematical model is established to minimize the completion time. The constraints of task priority,paint preparation,pump management,and neighbor avoidance in the ship block painting production are considered. Based on this model,an improved scatter search(ISS)algorithm is designed,and the hybrid approximate dynamic programming(ADP)algorithm is used to improve search efficiency. In addition,the two solution combination methods of path-relinking and task sequence combination are used to enhance the search breadth and depth. The numerical experimental results show that ISS has a significant advantage in solving efficiency compared with the solver in small scale instances;Compared with the scatter search algorithm and genetic algorithm,ISS can stably improve the solution quality. Verified by the production example,ISS effectively shortens the total completion time of the production,which is suitable for scheduling problems in the actual painting production of the shipyard.

Integration of Multiple Spectral Data via a Logistic Regression Algorithm for Detection of Crop Residue Burned Areas:A Case Study of Songnen Plain,Northeast China

The burning of crop residues in fields is a significant global biomass burning activity which is a key element of the terrestrial carbon cycle,and an important source of atmospheric trace gasses and aerosols.Accurate estimation of cropland burned area is both crucial and challenging,especially for the small and fragmented burned scars in China.Here we developed an automated burned area mapping algorithm that was implemented using Sentinel-2 Multi Spectral Instrument(MSI)data and its effectiveness was tested taking Songnen Plain,Northeast China as a case using satellite image of 2020.We employed a logistic regression method for integrating multiple spectral data into a synthetic indicator,and compared the results with manually interpreted burned area reference maps and the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)MCD64A1 burned area product.The overall accuracy of the single variable logistic regression was 77.38%to 86.90%and 73.47%to 97.14%for the 52TCQ and 51TYM cases,respectively.In comparison,the accuracy of the burned area map was improved to 87.14%and 98.33%for the 52TCQ and 51TYM cases,respectively by multiple variable logistic regression of Sentind-2 images.The balance of omission error and commission error was also improved.The integration of multiple spectral data combined with a logistic regression method proves to be effective for burned area detection,offering a highly automated process with an automatic threshold determination mechanism.This method exhibits excellent extensibility and flexibility taking the image tile as the operating unit.It is suitable for burned area detection at a regional scale and can also be implemented with other satellite data.

Incidence, risk factors and clinical outcome of multidrug-resistant organisms after heart transplantation

BACKGROUND Transplant recipients commonly harbor multidrug-resistant organisms(MDROs),as a result of frequent hospital admissions and increased exposure to antimi-crobials and invasive procedures.AIM To investigate the impact of patient demographic and clinical characteristics on MDRO acquisition,as well as the impact of MDRO acquisition on intensive care unit(ICU)and hospital length of stay,and on ICU mortality and 1-year mortality post heart transplantation.METHODS This retrospective cohort study analyzed 98 consecutive heart transplant patients over a ten-year period(2013-2022)in a single transplantation center.Data was collected regarding MDROs commonly encountered in critical care.RESULTS Among the 98 transplanted patients(70%male),about a third(32%)acquired or already harbored MDROs upon transplantation(MDRO group),while two thirds did not(MDRO-free group).The prevalent MDROs were Acinetobacter baumannii(14%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(12%)and Klebsiella pneumoniae(11%).Compared to MDRO-free patients,the MDRO group was characterized by higher body mass index(P=0.002),higher rates of renal failure(P=0.017),primary graft dysfunction(10%vs 4.5%,P=0.001),surgical re-exploration(34%vs 14%,P=0.017),mechanical circulatory support(47%vs 26%P=0.037)and renal replacement therapy(28%vs 9%,P=0.014),as well as longer extracorporeal circulation time(median 210 vs 161 min,P=0.003).The median length of stay was longer in the MDRO group,namely ICU stay was 16 vs 9 d in the MDRO-free group(P=0.001),and hospital stay was 38 vs 28 d(P=0.006),while 1-year mortality was higher(28%vs 7.6%,log-rank-χ2:7.34).CONCLUSION Following heart transplantation,a predominance of Gram-negative MDROs was noted.MDRO acquisition was associated with higher complication rates,prolonged ICU and total hospital stay,and higher post-transplantation mortality.

GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Techniques to Derive Flood Risks Management on Rice Productivity in Gishari Marshland

Floods are phenomenon with significant socio-economic implications mainly for human loss, agriculture, livestock, soil loss and land degradation, for which many researchers try to identify the most appropriate methodologies by analyzing their temporal and spatial development. This study therefore attempts to employ the GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis and analytical hierarchy process techniques to derive the flood risks management on rice productivity in the Gishari Agricultural Marshland in Rwamagana district, Rwanda. Here, six influencing potential factors to flooding, including river slope, soil texture, Land Use Land Cover through Land Sat 8, rainfall, river distance and Digital Elevation Model are considered for the delineation of flood risk zones. Data acquisition like Landsat 8 images, DEM, land use land cover, slope, and soil class in the study area were considered. Results showed that if the DEM is outdated or inaccurate due to changes in the terrain, such as construction, excavation, or erosion, the predicted flood patterns might not reflect the actual water flow. This could result unexpected flood extents and depths, potentially inundating rice fields that were not previously at risk and this, expectedly explained that the increase 1 m in elevation would reduce the rice productivity by 0.17% due to unplanned flood risks in marshland. It was found that the change in rainfall distribution in Gishari agricultural marshland would also decrease the rice productivity by 0.0018%, which is a sign that rainfall is a major factor of flooding in rice scheme. Rainfall distribution plays a crucial role in flooding analysis and can directly impact rice productivity. Oppositely, another causal factor was Land Use Land Cover (LULC), where the Multivariate Logistic Regression Model Analysis findings showed that the increase of one unit in Land Use Land Cover would increase rice productivity by 0.17% of the total rice productivity from the Gishari Agricultural Marshland. Based on findings from these techniques, the Gishari Agricultural Marshlands having steeped land with grassland is classified into five classes of flooding namely very low, low, moderate, high, and very high which include 430%, 361%, 292%, 223%, and 154%. Government of Rwanda and other implementing agencies and major key actors have to contribute on soil and water conservation strategies to reduce the runoff and soil erosion as major contributors of flooding.

基于Multi-WHFPN与SimAM注意力机制的版面分割

作为OCR的预处理工作,版面分割技术越来越受到学术界和工业界重视。针对版面分割中遇到的检测速度慢、目标区域边界不准确以及细小目标易遗漏等问题,提出了YOLOv7-MSY模型。此模型首先借鉴残差连接思想,提出了Multi-WHFPN网络结构。它采用可训练的权重参数,突出特征融合过程中特征重要性,并添加了小目标检测头,从而提升对小目标的检测性能;其次,引入SimAM注意力机制,可以在不增加额外参数的基础上在3D维度评估特征权重,以增强重要特征,抑制无效特征;最后,使用YEIOU来代替原模型中的定位损失函数,提升了模型的收敛速度与回归精度。在江苏省档案馆提供的数据集上进行实验对比,YOLOv7-MSY对目标区域边界检测更加敏感,对细小目标的检测效果更好。YOLOv7-MSY的mAP@.5达到了0.871,相较于原YOLOv7模型提高了7.84%。该模型的版面分割的效果优于其他类型的版面分割算法,具有良好的泛化性能,并且版面分割速度处于较高水平。

COMSOL Multiphysics在锂离子电池中的应用

作为一种具有前景的能量存储系统,锂离子电池需要进一步提高能量密度、功率密度、可靠性和循环稳定性,以满足不断增长的大型能源存储、电动汽车和便携式电子设备需求。当前对锂离子电池的实验研究仍然面临多个挑战,这些挑战包括电解液的导电性和安全性、高能量负极的沉积-剥离机制的优化、高能量正极的循环电压和容量维持、高电流条件下的界面极化和容量释放,以及在极端电流-温度-针刺条件下的热失控管理等问题。这些问题涉及到电-化-力-热等多个场的耦合作用,需要进行协同优化处理。COMSOL Multiphysics提供了一种可行的工具,通过求解多物理场耦合的连续方程,能够同时考虑载流子浓度、电流密度、电-化学势、温度、应力/应变和几何形态等综合信息的演化。本文概述了该工具在锂离子电池的电解液、负极和正极设计等方面的研究,并聚焦于多场耦合对电池性能的综合影响、多场耦合模拟方法以及理论模拟与实验表征的结合。最后,本文对理论与实验联合研究中的多场和多尺度问题进行了展望。

有向图中网络Euler-Lagrange系统的自适应协调跟踪

基于一致性理论,在有向图中研究网络Euler-Lagrange系统的协调跟踪控制.所有跟随智能体的动力学模型均为Euler-Lagrange方程.在仅有部分跟随智能体能获取领航智能体信息的情形下,同时考虑系统模型的参数不确定性,设计分布式自适应控制律实现所有跟随智能体对领航智能体的跟踪.针对领航智能体的运动状态,考虑以下两种情形:1)领航智能体为固定点;2)领航智能体为动态点.对第一种情形,设计的控制律使得所有跟随智能体渐近交会于固定点;对第二种情形,首先对每个跟随智能体设计分布式连续估计器,然后提出了分布式自适应控制律.当每个跟随智能体均能获取领航智能体的加速度信息时,设计的控制律能实现对领航智能体的渐近跟踪,当跟随智能体不能获取领航智能体的加速度信息时,跟踪误差是有界的.最后通过仿真分析验证设计的控制算法是合理有效的.

Profile of Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in Bukavu Hospitals and Antimicrobial Susceptibility to Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus

Objective: To evaluate the spread of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) bacterial infections in Bukavu hospitals and test antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of some isolates to usual marketed antibiotics. Methods: The prevalence of MDR strains was determined by using general antimicrobial susceptibility data collected from 3 hospital laboratories. The susceptibility of some isolates to usual antibiotics was processed by agar diffusion method with standard E. coli ATCC8739 and standard antibiotics discs as controls. The tested antibiotics were ampicillin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. Results: At the 3 hospitals, 758 tests were realized in urine, pus, stool, FCV, blood, LCR, split and FU specimens;46 strains were unidentified and 712 strains were identified. Of 712 identified strains, 223 (31.4%) were MDR or XDR strains including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter freundii, Morganella morganii, Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium, Neisseria gonorrohoae, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative, staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes. Of the infected patients, 36 (21.5%) children were under 16 years and 188 (78.5%) adults were predominately women (58.5%). The susceptibility test showed that all strains but S. aureus were resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin. Gentamicin, ceftriaxone, and chloramphenicol remain partially active (27% - 80%) against P. mirabilis, E. coli and P. aeruginosa. The resistance is more likely related to strain mutation than to pharmaceutical quality of the antibiotics prescribed. Conclusion: Both data from hospital laboratories and in vitro post-testing findings confirmed the ongoing elevated prevalence of MDR strains in Bukavu. The causes of antibiotic misuse and socio-economic determinants of the phenomenon of resistance should be scrutinized in order to take adequate strategies in the prospective of establishing an effective control system against this threat to overall health. The results of this work on MDR profiles have various implications for the management of infectious diseases. It provides indicators for the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance, practical guidelines for antibiotic susceptibility testing in biomedical laboratories, and guidance for antibiotic therapy.

用于爆炸流场与结构间相互作用分析的Euler-Lagrange耦合模拟技术

介绍了1种把Eulerian计算过程和Lagrangian计算过程耦合起来的数值技术,编写了计算程序,把爆炸流场作用过程和结构动力学响应过程的计算结合起来,实现了爆炸流场对结构加载和结构动力响应及对爆炸流场反作用过程的模拟。利用Eulerian过程的流体弹塑性有限差分计算程序MMIC(multi-materials in cell)模拟爆炸流场发展过程,利用Lagrangian过程的结构动力学有限元计算程序模拟结构响应。应用Euler-Lagrange耦合技术分析了爆炸作用下飞片的变形、破坏和对靶体的侵彻过程,计算结果表明,本文的方法可以较好地反映流场与结构各自的运动发展及相互间作用过程。

入水问题的Euler-Lagrange流固耦合数值模拟技术研究

针对结构入水过程的特点,建立了一种把Eulerian计算过程和Lagrangian计算过程耦合起来的数值技术,编写了计算程序,把结构对水作用的过程和结构动力学响应过程的计算结合起来,实现了结构与水之间流固耦合作用过程的模拟.其中水、空气的运动利用Eulerian过程的流体弹塑性有限差分计算程序进行模拟,结构的运动变形利用Lagrangian过程的结构动力学有限元计算程序模拟结构响应.通过板入水问题的计算结果与商业软件计算结果进行比较,验证了计算方法对流固间相互作用处理的正确性.本文计算程序可用于一般入水问题的结构响应-流场运动分析中.

基于Anubis的Multi-GNSS观测质量评估与可视化表达

为满足Multi-GNSS观测数据质量评估的需求,基于G-Nut/Anubis和MATLAB软件开发了多指标量化与可视化表达程序KMQC。该程序能够显著改善原生Anubis存在的交互性差和可视化性能低等问题,可便捷地输出BDS、GPS和GLONASS等系统的观测质量分析图表。本研究采集了KMCORS中3个基准站2022年7d的RNX3观测数据,对KMQC的性能进行测试。结果表明,该程序可高效输出CORS站的Multi-GNSS观测数据评估结果,并能够通过各型图表进行直观表达。因此,该软件能够显著降低多元GNSS观测数据的质量检核难度,可有效辅助质检部门及时监控CORS系统的运行健康度。

多体系统Euler-Lagrange方程的最小二乘法与违约修正

针对受完整约束的多体系统动力学Euler-Lagrange方程,在其传统的直接增广算法和零空间方法基础上提出了当系统存在冗余约束情形下的最小二乘法.同时,对应于最小二乘法提出了改进的约束违约修正方法.本文还针对Euler-Lagrange方程的计算过程给出了相应Jacobi矩阵的QR分解和零空间连续正交基的算法.最后,以平行五连杆机构给出了数值结果并与部分现有方法进行比较.

Multi-Granularity Neighborhood Fuzzy Rough Set Model on Two Universes

The two universes multi-granularity fuzzy rough set model is an effective tool for handling uncertainty problems between two domains with the help of binary fuzzy relations. This article applies the idea of neighborhood rough sets to two universes multi-granularity fuzzy rough sets, and discusses the two-universes multi-granularity neighborhood fuzzy rough set model. Firstly, the upper and lower approximation operators are defined in the two universes multi-granularity neighborhood fuzzy rough set model. Secondly, the properties of the upper and lower approximation operators are discussed. Finally, the properties of the two universes multi-granularity neighborhood fuzzy rough set model are verified through case studies.

Contribution of GIS to Soil Landscape Mapping by Multi-Criteria Analysis Using Weighting: The Case of the Square Degrees of M’Bahiakro (Centre) and Daloa (Centre-West) in Ivory Coast

As part of the drive to improve coffee and cocoa production in Ivory Coast, studies are carried out to identify soils that are favourable for these crops. It is therefore necessary to orientate soil investigations based on reliable criteria that best discriminate soil cover. With this in mind, this study is being carried out to help improve survey methods by mapping soil landscapes. It uses GIS and weighted multicriteria analysis. To do this, satellite images were processed and the geological map of the square degrees of M’Bahiakro and Daloa was reclassified. The results show that relief is the main factor in soil landscape differentiation, with respective weights of 0.58 and 0.67 for the forest and pre-forest zones. In contrast, the weight of geological formation in soil landscape differentiation remains low (0.05 for the forest zone and 0.07 for the pre-forest zone). The criteria used on the base of aggregation sum methods have made it possible to formulate soil landscape mapping prediction functions according to agro-ecological environments in the humid intertropical zone. This is essential for the orientation of soil survey work. Nevertheless, other comparative methods, such as the coding mapping method, could provide elements for discussion to validate the models.