Morphological analysis for thermodynamics of cavitation collapse near fractal solid wall

A fractal geometric boundary with natural wall features is introduced into a hybrid lattice-Boltzmann-method(LBM)multiphase model. The physical model of cavitation bubble collapse near the irregular geometric wall is established to study the thermodynamic characteristics of the bubble collapse. Due to the lack of periodicity, symmetry, spatial uniformity and obvious correlation in the LBM simulation of the bubble collapse near the fractal wall, the morphological analysis based on Minkowski functional is introduced into the thermodynamic investigation of cavitation bubble so as to analyze and obtain the effective information. The results show that the Minkowski functional method can employed to study the temperature information in complex physical fields hierarchically and quantitatively. The high/low temperature region of the cavitation flow is explored, and thermal effect between irregular and fractal geometric wall and cavitation bubble can be revealed. It illustrates that LBM and morphological analysis complement each other, and morphological analysis can also be used as an optional and potential tool in research field of complex multiphase flows.

Wind turbine clutter mitigation using morphological component analysis with group sparsity

To address the problem that dynamic wind turbine clutter(WTC)significantly degrades the performance of weather radar,a WTC mitigation algorithm using morphological component analysis(MCA)with group sparsity is studied in this paper.The ground clutter is suppressed firstly to reduce the morphological compositions of radar echo.After that,the MCA algorithm is applied and the window used in the short-time Fourier transform(STFT)is optimized to lessen the spectrum leakage of WTC.Finally,the group sparsity structure of WTC in the STFT domain can be utilized to decrease the degrees of freedom in the solution,thus contributing to better estimation performance of weather signals.The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are demonstrated by numerical simulations.

Ground-roll separation of seismic data based on morphological component analysis in twodimensional domain

Ground roll is an interference wave that severely degrades the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data and affects its subsequent processing and interpretation.In this study,according to differences in morphological characteristics between ground roll and reflected waves,we use morphological component analysis based on two-dimensional dictionaries to separate ground roll and reflected waves.Because ground roll is characterized by lowfrequency,low-velocity,and dispersion,we select two-dimensional undecimated discrete wavelet transform as a sparse representation dictionary of ground roll.Because of a strong local correlation of the reflected wave,we select two-dimensional local discrete cosine transform as the sparse representation dictionary of reflected waves.A sparse representation model of seismic data is constructed based on a two-dimensional joint dictionary then a block coordinate relaxation algorithm is used to solve the model and decompose seismic record into reflected wave part and ground roll part.The good effects for the synthetic seismic data and application of real seismic data indicate that when using the model,strong-energy ground roll is considerably suppressed and the waveform of the reflected wave is effectively protected.

Morphological Characteristics Analysis of 11 Broom Sorghum Varieties

[Objective] To provide a theoretical basis for high-yield breeding of broom sorghum.[Method] Using 11 kinds of broom sorghum collected at home as research objects, the differences in morphological characteristics of broom sorghum were compared through the survey of some indicators, such as plant height, tillering, inflorescence, stem node, stem-leaf ratio, yield, and so on. [Result] The 11 kinds of broom sorghum were different in morphological characteristics with large amplitude of plant height; zygl-1, zygl-6, zygl-8 and zygl-9 were appropriate for fixed broom type; zygl-9 had the highest integrated production. [Condusion] The study laid the foundation for further exploring breeding, cultivation and promotion of broom sorghum.

Morphological Diversity Analysis of Red-seed Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus ssp. vulgaris var. megalaspermus Lin et Chao) Germplasm Resources

[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the morphological diversity of red- seed watermelon （Citrullus lanatus ssp. vulgaris var. megalaspermus Lin et Chao） germplasm resources. [Method] Multiple cluster analysis and principal components analysis on the morphological traits of 51 red-seed watermelon germplasm resources were carried out. [Result] The coefficient of variations （CVs） of 39 morphological traits in 51 red-seed watermelon idioplasm resources ranged from 5.37% to 66.95%, with an average of 22.87%. The average of Shannon diversity information indices was 1.55. Among them, the Shannon diversity information index of seed length was the highest （2.16） and that of seed shell figure pattern was the lowest （0.32）. In ad- dition, the morphological diversity information indices of quantity characters were higher than that of quality characters. The principal components analysis revealed that the variance contribution rates of the first, second and third principal compo- nents were 19.49%, 15.32% and 9.55%, respectively. Cluster analysis divided the 51 materials into three broad branches based on the morphological traits. There was only one material in the fist branch and two in the second branch, and all the three materials were wild. The other 48 materials were divided into the third branch and all of them were cultivars. [Conclusion] This study provided a theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of red-seed watermelon resources.

Retrospective Analysis of External Quality Assessment Data of Humoral (Except Feces) Morphology in Guangxi from 2010 to 2022

[Objectives] The study aims to improve the ability of inspectors to recognize humoral morphology and provide data reference for the improvement of EQA work of humoral morphology by Guangxi Clinical Laboratory Center. [Methods] A retrospective analysis was made on the EQA of humoral morphology by Guangxi Clinical Laboratory Center from 2010 to 2022, and the number of participating laboratories, the rate of return, sample types and maps of EQA of humoral morphology such as urine sediment, vaginal secretions and so on(except feces), and the reasons for the high error rate of the results of the participating laboratories were analyzed. [Results] The number of laboratories participating in the assessment of humoral morphology increased from 98 in 2010 to 371 in 2022. Except for 2011(90.98%), the rate of return was more than 94%, and the highest rate of return was up to 100%. A total of 119 pictures of EQA of humoral morphology were studied, including 101 urine sediment smears, 13 vaginal secretions smears and 5 other smears. The types of specimens were relatively comprehensive. The distribution of the maps was basically reasonable. The urinary sediment was mainly composed of crystalline salts, followed by tubes, and cells and fungi ranked third. The coverage was relatively complete. The error rate of return results from high to low were bacteria(error rate was equal to 40%), tubes and crystalline salts(error rate was close to 29%), and cells and fungi(error rate was about 14%). The main cases with high error rate of return results are as follows: the difference between different tubes was not clear, and the diversity of crystal morphology was not understood enough;the phase division of cells in the same system was wrong. [Conclusions] The analysis and summary of the reasons for the high error rate of the data and results of Guangxi's EQA of humoral morphology is helpful for laboratory physicians to improve their awareness of morphological examination and identify clearly the error type and blurred concept, and lays a foundation for Guangxi Clinical Laboratory Center to carry out EQA of humoral morphology more specifically.

Morphological Measurement and Analysis of Gymnarchus Niloticus

Gyrnnarchus niloticus swims by undulations of a long-based dorsal fin, while its body axis is in many cases held straight during swimming. This paper provides a brief relevant introduction to Gyrnnarchus niloticus, which belongs to the African freshwater electric eels but can inspire our bionic interests in propulsion besides its abilities in electric sensing. A special larva of Gyrnnarchus niloticus was morphologically measured by photographing it with a piece of scale-calibrated paper as the background. Then we analyzed the data by a CFD-aided approach. Detailed flow patterns around the larva and a NACA0012 hydrofoil were respectively calculated and visualized at the Reynolds number of 7350 or so. The results show that the profile of Gyrnnarchus niloticus is well streamlined.

GC-MS analysis of volatile compounds of Perilla frutescens Britton var. Japonica accessions: morphological and seasonal variability

Objective: To investigate the composition of volatile compounds in the different accessions of Perilla frutescens(P. frutescens) collected from various habitats of China and Japan. Methods: In the present study, the essential oil from the leaves of P. frutescens cultivars from China and Japan was extracted by hydro-distillation and the chemical composition and concentration of the volatile components present in the oils were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS) analysis. Results: Among the volatile components, the major proportion was of perilla ketone, which was followed by elemicin and beta-caryophyllene in the Chinese Perilla cultivars. The main component in the oil extracted from the Japanese accessions was myristicin, which was followed by perilla ketone and beta-caryophyllene. We could distinguish seven chemotypes, namely the perilla ketone(PK) type, perilla ketone, myristicin(PM) type, perilla ketone, unknown(PU) type, perilla ketone, beta-caryophyllene, myristicine(PB) type, perilla ketone, myristicin, unknown(PMU) type, perilla ketone, elemicine, myristicin, beta-caryophyllene(PEMB) type, and the perilla ketone, limonene, betacryophyllene, myristicin(L) type. Most of the accessions possessed higher essential oil content before the flowering time than at the flowering stage. The average plant height, leaf length, leaf width of the Chinese accessions was higher than those of the Japanese accessions. Conclusion:The results revealed that the harvest time and geographical origin caused polymorphisms in the essential oil composition and morphological traits in the Perilla accessions originating from China and Japan. Therefore, these chemotypes with desirable characters might be useful for industrial exploitation and for determining the harvest time.

Correlation and path analysis of morphological and weight traits in marine gastropod Glossaulax reiniana

Using correlation and path analysis, the genetic correlation between weight traits and morphological traits was determined in the marine gastropod Glossaulax reiniana. A total of 100 G. reiniana individuals from a wild population were used. Shell width （X1）, shell height （X2）, umbo-callus height （X3）, body width （X4）, operculum length （X5）, operculum width （X6）, body weight （Y1） and soft-tissue weight （Y2） were measured, and the correlation coefficient matrix calculated. Morphological traits were used as independent variables and weight traits as dependent variables for path coefficient analysis. Path coefficients, correlation indices and determination coefficients were also determined. Results indicate that the correlation coefficients associated with each morphological and weight trait were all highly significant （P〈0.01）. After deleting redundant independent variables, the following optimum multiple regression equations were obtained using stepwise multiple regression analysis： Y1=-29.317＋0.362X2＋0.349X4＋ 1.190）（5 for body weight; and Y2=-17.292＋0.166X1＋0.171X2＋0.703X5, for soft-tissue weight. Operculum height had the highest positive direct correlation with both body weight and soft-tissue weight, which was in accordance with the test results obtained from determinate coefficient analysis. The indication of high genetic correlations between weight traits and morphological traits will provide valuable information for G. reiniana breeding programs.

Genetic Diversity among Parents of Hybrid Rice Based on Cluster Analysis of Morphological Traits and Simple Sequence Repeat Markers

The genetic diversity of 41 parental lines popularized in commercial hybrid rice production in China was studied by using cluster analysis of morphological traits and simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers. Forty-one entries were assigned into two clusters （i.e. early or medium-maturing cluster; medium or late-maturing cluster） and further assigned into six sub-clusters based on morphological trait cluster analysis, The early or medium-maturing cluster was composed of 15 maintainer lines, four early-maturing restorer lines and two thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines, and the medium or late-maturing cluster included 16 restorer lines and 4 medium or late-maturing maintainer lines. Moreover, the SSR cluster analysis classified 41 entries into two groups （i.e, maintainer line group and restorer line group） and seven sub-groups. The maintainer line group consisted of all 19 maintainer lines, two thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines, while the restorer line group was composed of all 20 restorer lines. The SSR analysis fitted better with the pedigree information. From the views on hybrid rice breeding, the results suggested that SSR analysis might be a better method to study the diversity of parental lines in indica hybrid rice.

Text Detection in Natural Scene Images Using Morphological Component Analysis and Laplacian Dictionary

Text in natural scene images usually carries abundant semantic information. However, due to variations of text and complexity of background, detecting text in scene images becomes a critical and challenging task. In this paper, we present a novel method to detect text from scene images. Firstly, we decompose scene images into background and text components using morphological component analysis(MCA), which will reduce the adverse effects of complex backgrounds on the detection results.In order to improve the performance of image decomposition,two discriminative dictionaries of background and text are learned from the training samples. Moreover, Laplacian sparse regularization is introduced into our proposed dictionary learning method which improves discrimination of dictionary. Based on the text dictionary and the sparse-representation coefficients of text, we can construct the text component. After that, the text in the query image can be detected by applying certain heuristic rules. The results of experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Novel Doppler Frequency Extraction Method Based on Time-Frequency Analysis and Morphological Operation

A novel method of Doppler frequency extraction is proposed for Doppler radar scoring systems. The idea is that the time-frequency map can show how the Doppler frequency varies along the time-line, so the Doppler frequency extraction becomes curve detection in the image-view. A set of morphological operations are used to implement curve detection. And a map fusion scheme is presented to eliminate the influence of strong direct current （DC） component of echo signal during curve detection. The radar real-life data are used to illustrate the performance of the new approach. Experimental results show that the proposed method can overcome the shortcomings of piecewise-processing-based FFT method and can improve the measuring precision of miss distance.

Effect of water absorption ratio on tensile strength of red sandstone and morphological analysis of fracture surfaces

Brazilian disc tests were undertaken on a number of red sandstone samples with different water absorption ratios.The tensile strength of the red sandstone decreases as the water absorption ratio increases.The fracture surfaces of failed red sandstone discs were scanned by Talysurf CLI 2000.With the aid of Talymap Gold software,based on ISO25178,a set of statistical parameters was obtained for the fracture surfaces.The maximum peak height(S_p),maximum pit height(S_v) and maximum height(S_z) of the fracture surfaces exhibited the same decreasing trend with increasing water absorption.Sa and Sku values for the fracture surfaces showed a downward trend as the water absorption ratio increased.The fractal dimensions of fracture surfaces were calculated and found to decrease as the water absorption ratio increased.Through analysis of PSD curves,the smallest dominant wavelength was observed to reflect the roughness of the fracture surfaces.Additionally,the results suggest that the roughness of fracture surfaces becomes small as the water absorption ratio increases.

Analysis of rice paper's morphological features based on multispectral imaging technology

Computer forensics and identification for traditional Chinese painting arts have caught the attention of various fields. Rice paper＇s feature extraction and analysis methods are of high significance for the rice paper is an important carrier of traditional Chinese painting arts. In this paper, rice paper＇s morphological feature analysis is done using multi spectral imaging technology. The multispectral imaging system is utilized to acquire rice paper＇s spectral images in different wave- length channels, and then those spectral images are measured using texture parameter statistics to acquire sensitive bands for rice paper＇s feature. The mathematical morphology and grayscale statistical principle are utilized to establish a rice paper＇s morphological feature analytical model which is used to acquire rice paper＇ s one-dimensional vector. For the purpose of eval- uating these feature vectors＇ accuracy, they are entered into the support vector machine（SVM） classifier for detection and classification. The results show that the rice paper＇s feature is out loud in the spectral band 550 nm, and the average classifi- cation accuracy of feature vectors output from the analytical model is 96 %. The results indicate that the rice paper＇s feature analytical model can extract most of rice paper＇s features with accuracy and efficiency.

Analysis on the Effects of Morphological Traits of Lutraria sieboldii on Its Body Mass Trait

[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the relationship between morphological traits and body mass trait of Lutraria sieboldii.[Methods]110 were randomly selected from 120 2^(nd)-instar L.sieboldii collected from the Tieshangang area of Beihai,Guangxi,and 132 were randomly selected from 150 shellfish at the instar of 0.6.Their morphological traits were measured:shell length(SL),shell height(SH),shell width(SW),anterior length(AL),posterior length(PL),nose length(NL)in closed shell state,and maximum open shell width(OS)between two shells in closed shell state,and the body mass trait BM was also measured.Statistical methods such as path analysis and multiple regression were used for data analysis,and the effects of these seven morphological traits on the body mass trait were studied,respectively.The correlation between the tested seven quantitative traits and one body mass trait was all positive,all reaching an extremely significant level(P<0.01).[Results]The body mass trait of the shellfish at the instar of 2 had the highest correlation coefficient with shell length(0.922),that is,shell length had the greatest direct impact on the body mass trait;the path coefficient was 0.700;and the final multiple regression equation established was BM=-124.882+1.189 SL+1.551 SH+1.035 SW+0.119 NL,and the total determination coefficient(R^(2))on body mass was 0.849.The body mass trait of the shellfish at the instar of 0.6 had the highest correlation coefficient with shell length(0.859),that is,shell length had the greatest direct impact on the body mass trait;the path coefficient was 0.494;and the final multiple regression equation established was BM=-1.917+0.111 SL+0.021 NL+0.078 SW+0.032 OS,and the total determination coefficient(R~2)on body mass was 0.828.The multivariate regression variance analysis showed that the regression between the morphological traits and body mass trait of the L.sieboldii at the instars of 2 and 0.6 reached an extremely significant level(P<0.01).[Conclusions]This study provides a scientific basis for the selection of broodstock in the selection and breeding of L.sieboldii.

Analysis of genotype differences of rice response to low Zn^(2+) activity and some morphological characteristics

Zinc deficiency is one of the most widespreadmicro-nutritional disorder for rice. To solve the problem, screening Zn-efficient cultivars isan available method and understanding geno-

Morphological and mechanical analysis of natural marble joints submitted to shear tests

In order to evaluate the influence of the surface morphology on the mechanical behavior of twelve natural marble joints, very accurate topography measurements of joint surfaces under constant normal load （CNL） conditions were performed before and after shear tests. The surface topography was carried out using a three-dimensional （3D） laser-scanning profilometer with a parallel grid at a regular interval of 500 gin. Each surface before shearing was reconstructed by geostatistical methods according to eight different directions. A quantitative description of surfaces was performed using global and directional statistical parameters. These parameters allow to determine the surface anisotropy and to divide the .joints into three groups of similar morphology according to a given direction. Each sample of the same group is submitted to the same normal stress but to different shear rates ranging from 5 to 20 gm/s. The influences of normal stress and shear rate on the mechanical behavior of the discontinuities were investigated, as well as the influence of the sample morphology on its dilatancy behavior. The morphology data of upper and lower walls also permit to quantify the contact areas before testing. After the shear tests, sheared surfaces were scanned again and reconstructed according to the shearing direction. Based on the topography data of joint surfaces obtained before and after shearing, damage zones that occurred during shearing were located for both walls of each .joint. These characterizations of joint surfaces contribute to a better understanding of the shearing behavior of natural discontinuities.

Phenetic Analysis of Morphological and Molecular Traits in Acanthaceae Juss

Acanthaceae has received considerable taxonomic attention at the familial, subfamilial, tribal and subtribal levels. Several different infra-familial classifications have been proposed for the Acanthaceae, but no taxonomic consensus has yet been reached. The main objective of the present study is to throw light on the phenetic relationships and to explore the contribution of morphological and molecular characters in systematics of Acanthaceae. The morphological data viz. macromorphology, stomatography, lamina architecture and ISSR profiles of 30 Egyptian acanthaceous taxa were investigated. The phenetic analysis using NTSYS-PC version 2.02 software based on 55 potentially informative morphological and molecular characters indicated that the used morphological and ISSR criteria is likely to be useful and valuable taxonomic traits. The morphological characters and ISSR aspects of all the studied species produced a phenogram that showed two series;one of them had two subseries, the first one comprised only three taxa while the second divided into two clusters, each contained two groups. The delimitation and the membership of the studied taxa clearly merit additional study using more criteria. The phenetic analysis of both morphological and molecular attributes clarified the segregation of genus Avicennia as a distinct identity away from Acanthaceae. Acanthus mollis & A. montanus are isolated in its own series that comparable to tribe Acantheae of the current taxonomic systems. The studied species of Thunbergia are gathered its own subseries that comparable to tribe Thunbergiae and Ruellia in its own group that comparable to tribe Ruellieae.

Korean Morphological Analysis for Korean-Vietnamese Statistical Machine Translation

This paper describes the experiments with Korean-to-Vietnamese statistical machine translation(SMT). The fact that Korean is a morphologically complex language that does not have clear optimal word boundaries causes a major problem of translating into or from Korean. To solve this problem, we present a method to conduct a Korean morphological analysis by using a pre-analyzed partial word-phrase dictionary(PWD).Besides, we build a Korean-Vietnamese parallel corpus for training SMT models by collecting text from multilingual magazines. Then, we apply such a morphology analysis to Korean sentences that are included in the collected parallel corpus as a preprocessing step. The experiment results demonstrate a remarkable improvement of Korean-to-Vietnamese translation quality in term of bi-lingual evaluation understudy(BLEU).

A township-level assessment of forest fragmentation using morphological spatial pattern analysis in Qujing,Yunnan Province,China

Forest fragmentation is an integral part of global change.Understanding forest fragmentation patterns and dynamics are of great significance for maintaining ecosystem stability.There are great differences in the interference of natural and human factors on forests in different towns of mountainous cities,and the characteristics of forest fragmentation are also obviously different.Forest fragmentation has been broadly studied,yet,it remains poorly understood at the township-scale within mountainous cities.In this study,the spatial form of forest landscape and forest fragmentation modes of towns were examined in Qujing City,Yunnan Province,China for the years of 2006 and 2016,relying heavily on the morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)and K-means clustering algorithm.Results in 2016 showed that the forest landscape morphology of Qujing could be divided into seven classes:core,perforation,islet,bridge,edge,branch and ring;with landscape areas of 41.94%,1.22%,7.04%,11.12%,23.26%,11.74%and 3.68%respectively.Compared with 2006,the changes of landscape area were 1.71%,0.02%,0.30%,1.65%,0.20%,0.19%and 0.05%respectively.The townships in Qujing varied significantly in their landscape fragmentation patterns,and these patterns were spatially dependent.Different forest landscape forms have positive spatial correlations and differences.The forest fragmentation modes of towns can be divided into four types:Low anthropogenic towns,high anthropogenic towns,complex terrain towns and gentle terrain towns.Different ways of human activities play a decisive role in forest landscape fragmentation.The expansion of construction land and agricultural land intensifies forest fragmentation;however,man-made orderly and planned ecological restoration will greatly improve the forest coverage and improve the spatial form of urban forest landscape.