Anisotropic Force Ellipsoid Based Multi-axis Motion Optimization of Machine Tools

The existing research of the motion optimization of multi-axis machine tools is mainly based on geometric and kinematic constraints, which aim at obtaining minimum-time trajectories and finding obstacle-free paths. In motion optimization, the stiffness characteristics of the whole machining system, including machine tool and cutter, are not considered. The paper presents a new method to establish a general stiffness model of multi-axis machining system. An analytical stiffness model is established by Jacobi and point transformation matrix method. Based on the stiffness model, feed-direction stiffness index is calculated by the intersection of force ellipsoid and the cutting feed direction at the cutter tip. The stiffness index can help analyze the stiffness performance of the whole machining system in the available workspace. Based on the analysis of the stiffness performance, multi-axis motion optimization along tool paths is accomplished by mixed programming using Matlab and Visual C＋＋. The effectiveness of the motion optimization method is verified by the experimental research about the machining performance of a 7-axis 5-linkage machine tool. The proposed research showed that machining stability and production efficiency can be improved by multi-axis motion optimization based on the anisotropic force ellipsoid of the whole machining system.

Research on Contour Error Based on CNC Multi-axis Motion Control System

The contour error was analyzed based on CNC multi-axis motion control, the contour error model was obtained focused on beeline and different radius of curvature and common contour of curve, for a CNC biaxial motion control system and the mechanism of producing contour error and the relationship between tracking error and contour error were presented. The theoretical and practical significance of modeling error and controlling error in motion control systems was carried out.

CAN-based Synchronized Motion Control for Induction Motors

A control area network （CAN） based multi-motor synchronized motion control system with an advanced synchronized control strategy is proposed. The strategy is to incorporate the adjacent cross-coupling control strategy into the sliding mode control architecture. As illustrated by the four-induction-motor-based experimental results, the multi-motor synchronized motion control system, via the CAN bus, has been successfully implemented. With the employment of the advanced synchronized motion control strategy, the synchronization performance can be significantly improved.

Synchronization motions of a two-link mechanism with an improved OPCL method

An improved OPCL method is developed and applied to both small swing and giant rotation synchronization of a two-link mechanism. Transition processes of the two kinds of synchronization are discussed. Comparisons of different motion characteristics of the two-link synchronization and the effects of different control parameters on synchronous processes are investigated with numerical simulations.

Relay switched, scalable topology control for mobile robot networks based on motion synchronization

A mobile robot network is said to be easily scalable to any number of robots if its performance is kept almost fixed after these robots are added or some fail in the network. An interaction dynamics model based on motion synchronization is first established. Considering the mobility of mobile robot networks, we propose a relay switched, distributed topology control for the scalable network to drive neMy added robots to the most suitable positions with more neighbors as well as self-heal the blank positions of failed robots, and give a metric of the topology structure for evaluating the performance of network topologies. Then, we prove the stability of motion synchronization with the individual control based on Lyapunov exponent. Finally, the results of simulations have demonstrated the validity of the proposed modeling and control methods.

基于阈值控制策略的Filippov Chay神经元动力学及其耦合同步

细胞内外带电离子的连续泵送和传递产生的电磁感应效应对神经元的电活动及模态转换会产生一定的影响,促使其展现出更加丰富的放电特性.文章基于电磁感应影响下的Chay神经元模型,引入了一种以膜电压为阈值的不连续控制策略,建立了相应的Filippov Chay神经元模型,探究了在阈值控制策略影响下的神经元放电节律转迁及相应的边界运动.首先,对系统的边界动力学及滑膜动力学进行了理论分析.其次,利用单双参数分岔图探究了系统多样的放电模式.再次,结合Matcont仿真及稳定性理论详细分析了系统的平衡点及其稳定性,并且利用快慢动力学分析法进一步研究了在阈值影响下所产生的滑膜动力学及各种边界运动的切换.最后,通过电突触耦合,对不同阈值条件下耦合神经元的同步问题进行了讨论.数值仿真结果表明,在阈值的调控下Filippov Chay系统会产生滑膜放电活动及相应的穿越运动和擦边运动,同时其放电周期数也会随着阈值呈现出不同的变化规律,且对于不同阈值下的电耦合情况而言,在系统实现完全同步后都会稳定在周期数较低的放电态.以上所得结果有助于更好地理解神经元滑膜的相关控制,对进一步探究生物神经系统中复杂放电活动和信息处理的动力学行为提供了一定的帮助.

SIMOTION在数字化对接系统中的多轴同步控制应用

针对数字化对接系统,基于运动控制系统SIMOTION提出了虚拟轴的方法,实现多轴同步控制,开发了SIMOTION控制接口软件,实现数据和指令的可靠传输。数字化对接系统中的试验结果验证了多轴同步控制方法的有效性。

电压控制对构网型变换器频率响应特性影响分析

构网型变换器的虚拟同步环节是影响其频率动态的最主要因素,但构网型变换器内电势的频率并不仅包含虚拟同步环节的频率。对此提出了一种表征电压控制对构网型变换器频率动态影响作用的研究方式。首先类比同步机的频率分析方法,提出了构网型变换器内电势的概念,将变换器的频率通过内电势频率进行表征,进而通过运动方程建模的方法分析了机电时间尺度内交流电压控制在响应有功功率扰动时对频率动态的作用,分析了电压控制参数对构网型变换器有功功率和频率响应能力的影响趋势。研究发现,较大的电压控制比例和积分参数会使得系统频率动态恶化,但变换器的响应性能主要由虚拟同步环节决定。以3机9节点系统和实际区域电网系统的MATLAB/Simulink仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。

用于康复训练的永磁同步电机等速运动控制仿真

为实现康复训练中的等速运动控制,课题组根据等速运动的概念和特点搭建了永磁同步电机速度控制系统仿真模型。在建立电机数学模型基础上,利用PID控制器实现电机电流环和速度环控制;采用余弦函数设计动态速度规划器,实现升速阶段和减速阶段速度和加速度无突变;采用判断转矩阈值方法,实现运动意图识别。结果表明:系统仿真模型输出的速度和转矩与规划的训练速度和模拟的用户输入转矩基本重合,在等速运动阶段和换向时,速度波动小。该仿真模型可用于康复用等速运动控制。

Music-stylized hierarchical dance synthesis with user control

Background Synthesizing dance motions to match musical inputs is a significant challenge in animation research.Compared to functional human motions,such as locomotion,dance motions are creative and artistic,often influenced by music,and can be independent body language expressions.Dance choreography requires motion content to follow a general dance genre,whereas dance performances under musical influence are infused with diverse impromptu motion styles.Considering the high expressiveness and variations in space and time,providing accessible and effective user control for tuning dance motion styles remains an open problem.Methods In this study,we present a hierarchical framework that decouples the dance synthesis task into independent modules.We use a high-level choreography module built as a Transformer-based sequence model to predict the long-term structure of a dance genre and a low-level realization module that implements dance stylization and synchronization to match the musical input or user preferences.This novel framework allows the individual modules to be trained separately.Because of the decoupling,dance composition can fully utilize existing high-quality dance datasets that do not have musical accompaniments,and the dance implementation can conveniently incorporate user controls and edit motions through a decoder network.Each module is replaceable at runtime,which adds flexibility to the synthesis of dance sequences.Results Synthesized results demonstrate that our framework generates high-quality diverse dance motions that are well adapted to varying musical conditions and user controls.

永磁无刷轮毂电机轮对系统同步工况下的协调控制策略

针对双轮毂电机在负载不平衡工况下转速同步精度不够及同步响应速度不快的问题,该文提出速度环补偿PID交叉耦合同步控制和电流环补偿PID交叉耦合同步控制策略。首先,建立双轮毂电机的数学模型,采用双闭环六步方波控制。基于该模型,采用速度环补偿PID交叉耦合同步控制代替单增益交叉耦合控制器,使转速同步调节精度提升。在两侧电机负载不平衡工况下,用电流环补偿PID交叉耦合控制方法进一步提升转速同步精度,同时加快同步响应速度,并兼顾了转矩精度。仿真和实验验证了所提控制策略的正确性和有效性。

Dynamic synchronous motion accuracy measurement and estimation for a five-axis mirror milling system

A mirror milling system(MMS)comprises two face-to-face five-axis machine tools,one for the cutting spindle and the other for the support tool.Since it is essential to maintain the cutter and support coaxial during the cutting process,synchronous motion accuracy is the key index of the MMS.This paper proposed a novel method for measuring and estimating the synchronous motion accuracy of the dual five-axis machine tools.The method simultaneously detects errors in the tool center point(TCP)and tool axis direction(TAD)during synchronous motion.To implement the suggested method,a measurement device,with five high-precision displacement sensors was developed.A kinematic model was then developed to estimate the synchronous motion accuracy from the displacement sensor output.The screw theory was used to obtain the analytical expression of the inverse kinematic model,and the synchronous motion error was compensated and adjusted based on the inverse kinematic model of the dual five-axis machine tools.TCP and TAD quasi-static errors,such as geometric and backlash errors,were first compensated.By adjusting the servo parameters,the dynamic TCP and TAD errors,such as gain mismatch and reversal spike,were also reduced.The proposed method and device were tested in a large MMS,and the measured quasi-static and dynamic errors were all reduced when the compensation and adjustment method was used.Monte Carlo simulations were also used to estimate the uncertainty of the proposed scheme.

直线电机高速高精运动分段式三元复合控制

针对半导体键合机XY运动平台的直线电机在高速启停运动时残余振动较大的问题,提出了一种分段式三元复合控制方法以提高直线电机的定位精度。首先,基于正弦扫频的方法建立了直线电机被控对象的高阶精确模型;其次,在直线电机的高速运动阶段采用三阶前馈控制与PID反馈控制结合的复合控制方法,实现了高动态响应;分析了高速运动状态下扰动观测器对动态性能的影响,在定位阶段引入高阶扰动观测器以抑制残余振动。实验结果表明,与传统的“前馈+反馈”复合控制方法相比,分段式三元复合控制方法在不影响直线电机动态跟踪性能的情况下,使其定位误差调整至±0.5μm所需的时间降低了89%以上,显著提高了其定位精度。

基于深度相机和二维码的室内移动机器人定位技术

提出一种以ORB_SLAM2为基本框架、使用二维码辅助深度相机的室内移动机器人定位方法。针对现有的视觉SLAM在定位过程中出现的Z轴漂移现象,提出平面运动模型约束,以降低机器人定位结果中的Z轴累计误差;针对视觉SLAM在弱纹理环境中算法退化、容易跟踪失败等问题,在室内环境中张贴二维码并将其数学模型作为定位约束,以提高系统的准确性与鲁棒性。真实环境下的实验结果表明:相比原始算法,所提算法在Z轴精度上提高了42.95%;以ORB_SLAM3的定位结果为真值,所提算法的定位精度提高了4.11%,该算法在室内环境下具有定位优势。

一类永磁同步电机混沌运动的GWO-RBFNN双参协同智能优化控制

针对永磁同步电机(permanent magnet synchronous motor, PMSM)混沌控制问题,提出了一种基于GWO-RBFNN的双参协同智能优化控制方法。从控制器能够自动搜索预期运动状态的角度出发,选择Poincaré截面上两点间距离作为控制器输入,并考虑到系统参数对系统动力学行为的耦合影响作用,基于径向基函数神经网络(radial basis function neural network, RBFNN)设计了双参协同控制器;采用灰狼优化算法(grey wolf optimization, GWO)优化选择控制器参数,以实现最佳的控制器性能;通过对PMSM系统中两个可控参数进行微幅扰动调整,将系统从混沌状态控制到预期的运动状态。研究结果表明,相较于基于GWO-RBFNN的单参数智能优化控制方法,基于GWO-RBFNN的双参协同智能优化控制方法具有更优的性能。虽然两种方法均能实现混沌运动控制,但相较而言,基于GWO-RBFNN的双参协同智能优化控制方法控制速度更快,超调量更小。

上机架移动设备的同步控制系统

根据伺服电机驱动产品在上机架移动设备上使用时遇到的问题,采用了基于西门子1500PLC运动控制技术的同步控制系统。介绍了系统的硬件配置及软件控制,分析了实际使用效果。系统完全满足机械的工艺要求,设备运行高效、稳定。

基于Fourier拟合的光伏跟踪系统设计

[目的]为提高光伏支架的发电效率,以基于Fourier拟合算法的视日运动轨迹光伏跟踪器为研究设计对象。[方法]借助MATLAB分析了传统视日运动轨迹算法的跟踪精度情况,更进一步地在此基础上提出了精度更优的8阶傅里叶拟合视日运动轨迹跟踪算法,并结合GNSS定位技术,得出太阳实时运行轨迹。系统设计以STM32单片机作为微处理器,采用6轴加速度传感器,通过重力矢量在其轴上的投影确定光伏跟踪支架的实时倾斜度,以此二者建立跟踪支架三维运行模型,通过分析太阳光线在支架上的余弦效应即可得到电机需要运行的动作角。同时为解决晨昏时刻光伏组件间的阴影遮挡问题,系统增加逆跟踪算法。并考虑到大规模机组的应用,提出主从电机同步控制策略。[结果]傅-2里叶拟合算法拥有更高的跟踪精度,精度可达到10数量级,高于传统算法一个数量级。同时采用逆跟踪技术可节约24.3%光伏阵列用地面积,大幅提高了土地利用率。[结论]本研究采用更为精准的视日运动轨迹跟踪模型,较好地解决了太阳辐射利用的余弦效应,提升了电站的发电效率,实现了安全高效绿色能源体系的建设,促进了我国“双碳”目标的推进与达成。

基于西门子SIMOTION D运动控制系统的齿轮同步研究

详细介绍了西门子SIMOTION D在齿轮同步上的应用。利用西门子SIMOTION D运动控制系统的齿轮同步功能,将主轴的值经过优化计算以后再传递给从轴,从而减少从轴在实际应用中因测量周期和外部环境影响等因素而产生的速度和位置扰动。

基于卷积神经网络的Leap Motion运动数据优化网络

为提高Leap Motion设备的采集精准度,解决自遮挡、采样频率不稳定等设备固有问题,首先,设计了使用Leap Motion和动作捕捉设备的手部多模态同步运动采集方案,采集了日常动作数据集;其次,提出了基于卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)的Leap Motion手部运动数据优化方法,使用日常动作数据集训练Leap Motion数据到动作捕捉数据的映射网络;最后,提出手指平面约束,确保网络输出数据保持稳定的手部骨骼结构.通过15名志愿者采集了6类动作共967550帧的同步运动数据集,进行了手指平面约束有效性、动作一致性实验,并与双向循环自编码器(bidirectional recurrent autoencoder,BRA)、双向编解码器(encoder-bidirectional-decoder,EBD)方法进行了精度对比.结果表明,文中方法支持使用Leap Motion获取固定采样频率且近似动捕设备精度的手部运动数据,效果较BRA和EBD更加稳定平滑.将文中方法应用于康复游戏中,明显减少了交互动作识别的错误次数.

六轴空间插补联动CNC打磨设备及其离线编程方法

研发了一款六轴空间插补联动的CNC打磨设备及其离线编程方法,该六轴CNC打磨设备通过自主的结构设计和控制系统开发,实现了笛卡尔空间坐标系插补联动,且具有姿态变换灵活、刚性及动态响应性高、速度切换快、打磨不易振刀等特点,同时结合定制开发的离线编程软件,可将新产品的调试时间缩短一半以上。