A multi-band metamaterial antenna is proposed to operate at the terahertz(THz)band for medical applications.The proposed structure is designed on a polyimide as a support layer,and its radiating elements are made of g...A multi-band metamaterial antenna is proposed to operate at the terahertz(THz)band for medical applications.The proposed structure is designed on a polyimide as a support layer,and its radiating elements are made of graphene.Initially,the design is started with a conventional shape showing a single operating frequency at 1.1 THz.To achieve a multi-band operating frequency,the conventional shape was replaced with the proposed metamaterial as a radiating patch that has properties not exist in nature.The multi-band frequencies are obtained without compromising the overall size of the design.The overall size is 600×600×25μm^(3).The operating frequencies are 0.36,0.49,0.69,0.87,and 1.04 THz.A full ground plane is used to behave as isolation between the design and the human body model.The proposed design is investigated on free space and on the human body model,showing excellent performance in both cases.The achieved gains for the following frequencies 0.36,0.49,0.69,0.87,and 1.04 THz are 4.81,6.5,8.41,6.02,and 7.96 dB,respectively,while the efficiencies are 83.91%,96.28%,90.80%,91.71%,and 92.99%,respectively.The conventional design was modified to have a partial ground to show the benefit of using the full ground.The design is loaded on the human body model and its performance is affected.The efficiency and gain are 6.61 dB and 95.58.7%for the case of no human body model,and 4.26 dB and 40.30%for the case of using a human body model.Hence,the proposed metamaterial antenna will be useful for future medical applications in the THz band.展开更多
A new multi-band and high-speed endoscope diagnostic for the observation of visible light has been successfully developed on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak.The mirror with an aperture is designed at...A new multi-band and high-speed endoscope diagnostic for the observation of visible light has been successfully developed on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak.The mirror with an aperture is designed at the head of the optical system.Based on two dichroic mirrors,the system is divided into three imaging mirror groups with different bands,i.e.B(380-500 nm),G(500-580 nm)and R(580-750 nm)bands,and its focal length is 16 mm with a relatively large aperture of D/f=1:4.The spatial resolution is less than 5 mm near the object distance of 1750 mm with the camera NAC ACS-1 M60.This optical system will be used to contrastively study both the spatial distribution and time evolution of different impurities in the same field of view.The experimental results confirm that it can be applied to the recognition of plasma boundary and related physical research.展开更多
Two different types of MHD instabilities with rapidly chirping frequency were found to arise in the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak in substantially different frequency ranges.The first type arises at frequencies of an or...Two different types of MHD instabilities with rapidly chirping frequency were found to arise in the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak in substantially different frequency ranges.The first type arises at frequencies of an order of 1 MHz in ohmic plasmas at relatively low density(n_(e))<2×10^(19) m^(-3) in a wide range of toroidal magnetic fields and plasma currents.This type of instability was identified as compressional Alfven waves,driven by electrons,accelerated during a sawtooth crush.It was found that the mode frequency is sweeping in time,according to the Berk-Breizman hole-clump nonlinear chirping model.The second type of wave arises in a specific single-swing regime of the central solenoid current with a very narrow plasma column,when the plasma tends to decay at extremely low density(n_(e))<2×10^(18) m^(-3) and,in fact,is an instability of the runaway electron beam.The exited modes cover the whole observed frequency range and are divided into several(two or three)frequency regions:approximately 0-30 MHz,60-120 MHz and sometimes 30-60 MHz.Reconnection of the branches was also observed.Single chirps are more rapid than for 1 MHz Alfven instability and follow an exponential law.This paper,to our knowledge,is the first report of frequency chirping instabilities excited by accelerated electrons at a spherical tokamak.展开更多
Optical chaos has attracted widespread attention owing to its complex dynamic behaviors.However,the time delay signature(TDS)caused by the external cavity mode reduces the complexity of optical chaos.We propose and nu...Optical chaos has attracted widespread attention owing to its complex dynamic behaviors.However,the time delay signature(TDS)caused by the external cavity mode reduces the complexity of optical chaos.We propose and numerically demonstrate the critical dispersion of chirped fiber Bragg grating(CFBG)for eliminating the TDS of laser chaos in this work.The critical dispersion,as a function of relaxation frequency and bandwidth of the optical spectrum,is found through extensive dynamics simulations.It is shown that the TDS can be eliminated when the dispersion of CFBG is above this critical dispersion.In addition,the influence of dispersive feedback light and output light from a laser is investigated.These results provide important quantitative guidance for designing chaotic semiconductor lasers without TDS.展开更多
Effect of linear chirp frequency on the process of electron–positron pairs production from vacuum is investigated by the computational quantum field theory.With appropriate chirp parameters,the number of electrons cr...Effect of linear chirp frequency on the process of electron–positron pairs production from vacuum is investigated by the computational quantum field theory.With appropriate chirp parameters,the number of electrons created under combined potential wells can be increased by two or three times.In the low frequency region,frequency modulation excites interference effect and multiphoton processes,which promotes the generation of electron–positron pairs.In the high frequency region,high frequency suppression inhibits the generation of electron–positron pairs.In addition,for a single potential well,the number of created electron–positron pairs can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude in the low frequency region.展开更多
基金the Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University for funding this work through Research Group No.RG-21–12–08.The initials of authors who receive the Grant are:ZAS.The URL of the sponsor’s website:https://units.imamu.edu.sa/deanships/sr/Pages/default.aspx.
文摘A multi-band metamaterial antenna is proposed to operate at the terahertz(THz)band for medical applications.The proposed structure is designed on a polyimide as a support layer,and its radiating elements are made of graphene.Initially,the design is started with a conventional shape showing a single operating frequency at 1.1 THz.To achieve a multi-band operating frequency,the conventional shape was replaced with the proposed metamaterial as a radiating patch that has properties not exist in nature.The multi-band frequencies are obtained without compromising the overall size of the design.The overall size is 600×600×25μm^(3).The operating frequencies are 0.36,0.49,0.69,0.87,and 1.04 THz.A full ground plane is used to behave as isolation between the design and the human body model.The proposed design is investigated on free space and on the human body model,showing excellent performance in both cases.The achieved gains for the following frequencies 0.36,0.49,0.69,0.87,and 1.04 THz are 4.81,6.5,8.41,6.02,and 7.96 dB,respectively,while the efficiencies are 83.91%,96.28%,90.80%,91.71%,and 92.99%,respectively.The conventional design was modified to have a partial ground to show the benefit of using the full ground.The design is loaded on the human body model and its performance is affected.The efficiency and gain are 6.61 dB and 95.58.7%for the case of no human body model,and 4.26 dB and 40.30%for the case of using a human body model.Hence,the proposed metamaterial antenna will be useful for future medical applications in the THz band.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12075281)the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Research Program of China(Nos.2017YFE0301104 and 2017YFE0301105)Important Projects of Collaborative Innovation of the Hefei Science Center,CAS(No.2021HSC-CIP007)。
文摘A new multi-band and high-speed endoscope diagnostic for the observation of visible light has been successfully developed on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak.The mirror with an aperture is designed at the head of the optical system.Based on two dichroic mirrors,the system is divided into three imaging mirror groups with different bands,i.e.B(380-500 nm),G(500-580 nm)and R(580-750 nm)bands,and its focal length is 16 mm with a relatively large aperture of D/f=1:4.The spatial resolution is less than 5 mm near the object distance of 1750 mm with the camera NAC ACS-1 M60.This optical system will be used to contrastively study both the spatial distribution and time evolution of different impurities in the same field of view.The experimental results confirm that it can be applied to the recognition of plasma boundary and related physical research.
文摘Two different types of MHD instabilities with rapidly chirping frequency were found to arise in the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak in substantially different frequency ranges.The first type arises at frequencies of an order of 1 MHz in ohmic plasmas at relatively low density(n_(e))<2×10^(19) m^(-3) in a wide range of toroidal magnetic fields and plasma currents.This type of instability was identified as compressional Alfven waves,driven by electrons,accelerated during a sawtooth crush.It was found that the mode frequency is sweeping in time,according to the Berk-Breizman hole-clump nonlinear chirping model.The second type of wave arises in a specific single-swing regime of the central solenoid current with a very narrow plasma column,when the plasma tends to decay at extremely low density(n_(e))<2×10^(18) m^(-3) and,in fact,is an instability of the runaway electron beam.The exited modes cover the whole observed frequency range and are divided into several(two or three)frequency regions:approximately 0-30 MHz,60-120 MHz and sometimes 30-60 MHz.Reconnection of the branches was also observed.Single chirps are more rapid than for 1 MHz Alfven instability and follow an exponential law.This paper,to our knowledge,is the first report of frequency chirping instabilities excited by accelerated electrons at a spherical tokamak.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62105190)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province of China(Grant No.20210302124268)+1 种基金the Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions of Shanxi Province of China(Grant No.2021L285)the Youth Researchof Shanxi University of Finance and Economics(Grant No.QN-202015)。
文摘Optical chaos has attracted widespread attention owing to its complex dynamic behaviors.However,the time delay signature(TDS)caused by the external cavity mode reduces the complexity of optical chaos.We propose and numerically demonstrate the critical dispersion of chirped fiber Bragg grating(CFBG)for eliminating the TDS of laser chaos in this work.The critical dispersion,as a function of relaxation frequency and bandwidth of the optical spectrum,is found through extensive dynamics simulations.It is shown that the TDS can be eliminated when the dispersion of CFBG is above this critical dispersion.In addition,the influence of dispersive feedback light and output light from a laser is investigated.These results provide important quantitative guidance for designing chaotic semiconductor lasers without TDS.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.11635003,11025524,11161130520,11875007,and 12047513)the Reform and Development Project of Beijing Academy of Science and Technology (Grant Nos.13001-2110 and 13001-2114)。
文摘Effect of linear chirp frequency on the process of electron–positron pairs production from vacuum is investigated by the computational quantum field theory.With appropriate chirp parameters,the number of electrons created under combined potential wells can be increased by two or three times.In the low frequency region,frequency modulation excites interference effect and multiphoton processes,which promotes the generation of electron–positron pairs.In the high frequency region,high frequency suppression inhibits the generation of electron–positron pairs.In addition,for a single potential well,the number of created electron–positron pairs can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude in the low frequency region.
