Simultaneous Quantification of Ibuprofen and Paracetamol in Tablet Formulations Using Transmission Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

A very simple, non-destructive, inexpensive and green strategy was applied for the simultaneous determination of ibu-profen (IBP) and paracetamol (PC) using transmission Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in tablet formulations for routine quality control laboratories. For the determination of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), KBr pellets containing known amount of standards and samples were used for acquisition of the FTIR spectra. The partial least squares (PLS) calibration model was developed using the spectral region from 1781 - 1683 cm-1 for IBP and 1630 - 1530 cm-1 for PC. The excellent coefficients of determination (R2), 0.9999 and 0.9998 were achieved for IBP and PC, respectively. The accuracy of calibration model was also verified through root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) which was found to be 0.064. This work clearly shows the capability of transmission FTIR spectroscopy for assessment of exact quantity of API to control the quality of finished products as well as during processing in pharmaceutical industries without involvement of any solvent.

Secure Transmission Scheme Based on Dual-Thresholds for Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer

This paper studies a simultaneous wireless information and power transfer system with multiple external eavesdroppers and internal curious users.We model the random network by Poisson cluster process in consideration of the case where eavesdroppers hide around certain targets.Focusing on the users that work in harvesting-transmitting mode with time switching receivers,we establish communication model via time division multiple access.On this basis,we propose a lightweight secure transmission scheme based on dual-thresholds for physical-layer security enhancement,which consists of two protocols applied to the downlink(DL) and uplink(UL) transmission respectively.In the DL,we design a dynamic information-power switching transmission protocol based on signal-to-noise ratio threshold,which provides an opportunistic approach to reform the fixed period allocation of information and power transfer;in the UL,an energy threshold is proposed for users to control the transmission,which is called a user-led on-off transmission protocol.Furthermore,we give a comprehensive performance analysis for the proposed scheme in terms of delay,reliability,security and secrecy throughput.Based on the analysis results,we optimize the two thresholds and the DL-UL allocationcoefficient to maximize the secrecy throughput.Simulation results show the proposed scheme can bring about a substantial secrecy gain.

Optimization for UAV-assisted simultaneous transmission and reception communications in the existence of malicious jammers

In this paper,we study an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-assisted communication system,where the UAV is dispatched to implement simultaneous transmission and reception(STR)in the existence of multiple malicious jammers.Two schemes are investigated,namely frequency band-division-duplex(FDD)and time-fraction(TF).Based on the FDD scheme,the UAV can transmit information by using the portion of the bandwidth and receive information within the remaining portion of the bandwidth simultaneously.To perform the STR within the whole bandwidth,the TF-based scheme is considered by using a fraction of a time slot for the downlink,while the remaining fraction of the time slot is allocated for the uplink.We aim to maximize the worst-case throughput by optimizing the UAV three-dimensional(3D)trajectory and resource allocation for each scheme.The optimization problem is non-convex and thus computationally intractable.To handle the nonlinear problem,we use the block coordinate decomposition method to disaggregate the optimization problem into four subproblems and adopt the successive convex approximation technique to tackle non-convex problems.The simulation results demonstrate the performance of the TF-based scheme over the benchmark schemes.

In-package P/G planes analysis and optimization based on transmission matrix method

Power integrity (PI) has become a limiting factor for the chip's overall performance, and how to place in-package decoupling capacitors to improve a chip's PI performance has become a hot issue. In this paper, we propose an improved trans- mission matrix method (TMM) for fast decoupling capacitance allocation. An irregular grid partition mechanism is proposed, which helps speed up the impedance computation and complies better with the irregular power/ground (P/G) plane or planes with many vias and decoupling capacitors. Furthermore, we also ameliorate the computation procedure of the impedance matrix whenever decoupling capacitors are inserted or removed at specific ports. With the fast computation of impedance change, in-package decoupling capacitor allocation is done with an efficient change based method in the frequency domain. Experimental results show that our approach can gain about 5× speedup compared with a general TMM, and is efficient in restraining the noise on the P/G plane.

Simultaneous transmission of time-frequency and data with co-amplification over urban fiber links

We demonstrate a simultaneous transmission of time-frequency and data over a 160-km urban business network in Shanghai.The signals are transmitted through a cascaded optical link consisting of 48 km and 32 km,which are connected by an optical relay.The metrological signals are inserted into the communication network using dense wavelength division multiplexing.The influence of the interference between different signals has been discussed.The experimental results demonstrate that the radio frequency(RF)instability can reach 2.1×10^(-14)at 1 s and 2.3×10^(-17)at 10,000 s,and the time interval transfer of one pulse per second(1 PPS)signal with less than 10 ps at 1 s is obtained.This work paves the way for the widespread dissemination of ultra-stable time and frequency signals over the communication networks.

Priority-Based Real-Time Stream Coding over Multi-Channel with Packet Erasures

Multi-channel can be used to provide higher transmission ability to the bandwidth-intensive and delay-sensitive real-time streams. However, traditional channel capacity theories and coding schemes are seldom designed for the real-time streams with strict delay constraint, especially in multi-channel context. This paper considers a real-time stream system, where real-time messages with different importance should be transmitted through several packet erasure channels, and be decoded by the receiver within a fixed delay. Based on window erasure channels and i.i.d.(identically and independently distributed) erasure channels, we derive the Multi-channel Real-time Stream Transmission(MRST) capacity models for Symmetric Real-time(SR) streams and Asymmetric Real-time(AR) streams respectively. Moreover, for window erasures, a Maximum Equilibrium Intra-session Code(MEIC) is presented for SR and AR streams, and is shown able to asymptotically achieve the theoretical MRST capacity. For i.i.d. erasures, we propose an Adaptive Maximum Equilibrium Intra-session Code(AMEIC), and then prove AMEIC can closely approach the MRST transmission capacity. Finally, the performances of the proposed codes are verified by simulations.

DC Emergency Power Control Strategy for AC/DC Multi-Channel Interconnected System

Inter-regional transmission line fault often results in power flow transferring, tie-line overloading and system islanding. Traditional control methods such asgenerator tripping and load shedding are costly, and also have undesirable impacts on theloadside. In this paper, a new emergency power control strategy is proposed for multi-channel interconnected system by using the overload capacity of non-fault DC lines. First of all, the capacity of emergency power control can be acquired by critical transmission power of a certain tie-line for stability. Secondly, the shortest electric distance can be calculated by Dijkstra algorithm, and then the priority of emergency control of the DC lines can be obtained by the entropy weight method. When the inter-regional transmission power decreases and the effect of single DC line emergency control is poor, the multi-channel cooperative emergency control strategy is proposed to ensure the system stability. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the method proposed.

基于谐波通讯的无线电能与反向信号同步传输技术

针对现有无线电能与反向信号同步传输(simultaneous wireless power and reverse signal transmission,SWPRST)系统存在较大无功功率、负载电压易受信号传输发生波动或需要额外增加高频信号源等问题,提出一种基于谐波通讯的SWPRST技术,通过利用逆变器输出方波电压中的基波分量传输电能,三次谐波分量传输信号。不需要外加高频信号发射电路,实现了可靠的电能与反向信号同步传输。首先,给出基于谐波通讯的SWPRST系统结构,对其工作模式和基本原理进行分析;接着,建立系统等效数学模型,分析系统参数取值对信号与电能传输之间的互扰影响;然后,对信号的调制解调电路进行设计,分析信号检测通道参数对信号传输速率的影响;最后,搭建实验平台对理论分析进行验证,实验结果表明,该方法在有效实现了无线电能与反向信号同步传输的同时,信号无误码率传输速率可达5 kbps,同时系统具有无功小,输出负载电压几乎无波动(电压波动率0.33%)等优点。该方法采用谐波作为信号载体,为多频利用式实现电能与反向信号同步传输系统提供一种新的思路,具有较好的理论意义与实际工程应用价值。

面向无线传能的磁耦合通信射频链路解耦设计

针对磁耦合无线能量数据协同传输中传能链路与通信链路的解耦需求,在采用DD型通信线圈与传能线圈实现空域解耦的基础上,开展了滤波网络与线圈的协同设计,提升了通信链路通带阻抗匹配特性和带外抑制能力,并进一步引入带阻滤波网络,增强了与传能线圈的频域解耦。在耦合距离为30 mm时,搭建了与167 kHz无线传能天线共口径的磁耦合通信天线与滤波馈电网络硬件,在中心频率14.8 MHz实现了4 MHz的-3 dB通带带宽,该解耦天线系统相比DD线圈天线对传能信号提高了85 dB的抑制能力。

基于共享通道的双向无线电能和信息同时传输系统特性研究

随着电力电子技术、控制技术及开关电源相关技术的发展,电能和信号传输逐渐从以电缆为传输媒介的传统传输方式逐渐向无线传输方向发展。对于需要在水介质中长时间工作的电气设备而言,能量供应是维持其正常工作的关键因素,但由于电缆进行物理连接的传统传输方式在水介质中运用较为不便,并且存在较大的安全隐患,因此需要构建一个基于共享通道的双向无线电能和信息同时传输的系统。

基于自干扰对消的同时收发距离拖引干扰技术研究

对脉冲压缩雷达进行距离拖引干扰时,电子对抗系统自身产生的干扰信号与需要接收的侦察信号存在严重的时频域混叠,导致系统难以持续侦察雷达的探测信号,无法生成基于雷达探测信号的时延干扰信号。针对该问题,提出基于归一化最小均方(NLMS)的数字域自干扰对消算法来避免干扰信号对侦察信号的影响。仿真结果表明利用该算法,系统可以在释放干扰的同时,侦察到雷达的探测信号,并且基于该探测信号完成了距离拖引假目标信号的生成。

用于VSLAM系统的CNN在FPGA平台上的加速

为实现视觉同步定位与建图系统中卷积神经网络在FPGA上的加速,基于SuperPoint模型设计一种低功耗高效CNN加速器及相应的SoC系统。采用循环分块、数据复用、计算单元展开和双缓冲策略充分利用加速器的片上资源;为提高突发传输效率,预先对权重参数重排;提出Pack模块和Unpack模块,设计多通道数据传输,用于提高传输带宽。在Ultra96-V2 FPGA平台上部署整个SoC系统,在仅3 W左右的功耗下实现25.63 GOPS的吞吐量,其BRAM效率、DSP效率、性能密度和功耗效率相比之前的文献有明显优势。

基于STARS的安全认知无线电联合波束成形优化算法

基于可重构智能表面(RIS,reconfigurable intelligent surface)的安全认知无线电(SCR,secure cognitive radio)系统均假设次用户(SU,secondary user)和主用户(PU,primary user)在基站(BS,base station)的同一侧,仅能够实现通信区域的部分覆盖,限制了RIS部署的灵活性和有效性。为了解决上述问题,提出了一种新的基于同时透射和反射表面(STARS,simultaneously transmitting and reflecting surface)的SCR系统。在该系统中,STARS能够实现通信区域的全覆盖,利用透射波束成形向量提高SU的接收信号强度,同时利用反射波束成形向量降低SU对PU的干扰,为SCR系统的设计提供了新的优化自由度(DoF,degree of freedom)。考虑SU保密率约束、PU干扰功率约束(IPC,interference power constraint)和STARS透射/反射参数约束,从降低系统总功耗角度出发,以最小化BS发射功率为目标,构建BS主动波束成形向量和STARS透射/反射波束成形向量联合优化问题。这一最小化问题是变量耦合非凸问题,很难直接求解,提出了基于凸差松弛(DCR,difference-of-convex relaxation)方法和顺序秩一约束松弛(SROCR,sequential rank-one constraint relaxation)方法的交替优化(AO,alternating optimization)算法,联合设计BS主动波束成形向量和STARS透射/反射波束成形向量。仿真结果表明,所提算法具有良好的收敛性能,能够有效降低SU对PU的干扰,且与传统RIS、随机相位、最大比传输(MRT,maximum-ratio transmission)和等能量分裂(Equal ES,equal energy splitting)方案相比,BS发射功率分别降低了8.3%、15.4%、5.9%和5.3%。

超声波无线电能传输的声电通道设计

为了解决磁耦合方式无线电能传输技术在金属障碍环境下因涡流效应而效率低下问题,该文开展了金属障碍环境下超声无线电能传输技术研究。首先从声学的角度分析能量传输通道参数对声波透射系数的影响规律,并指导完成通道参数的配置。然后,采用同时共轭阻抗匹配技术完成通道输入端口与输出端口的阻抗匹配网络设计,并通过实验验证阻抗匹配网络的有效性。测试结果表明,该文所设计的超声波无线电能传输系统透11 mm厚304不锈钢障碍的理论最佳传输效率为68%,进行同时共轭阻抗匹配后通道的实际能量传输效率为56.25%,传输功率达51.53 W。该研究所达到的能量传输效率和传输功率均能满足绝大部分使用需求。该技术在军事、航天等领域具有较好的应用前景。

虚拟多输入多输出无线电能与信息同步传输技术

在无线通信系统中,多输入多输出(MIMO)天线技术可有效提高信号传输速率和信道利用率。传统的能量调制式无线电能与信息同步传输(SWPIT)技术主要依赖单输入单输出线圈实现系统的供电和通信,难以实现多路并行通信。该文针对需要多信号接收器的无线供电场景,提出一种虚拟MIMO-SWPIT技术以满足多端通信的需求。所提系统可在两种状态下工作:当仅需无线供电时,系统工作在谐振状态进行高效电能传输;当需要通信时,通过控制逆变器开关信号的相移角和频率,在发射线圈中构造非标准正弦多载波(即虚拟多输入),以其中的基波和谐波分量作为通信载波传输信息。系统接收回路对基波和谐波所携带的信息进行解调(即虚拟多输出),同时谐波分量可用于负载供电。搭建的实验样机实现了稳定的电能与双通道信息并行同步传输,通信时电压波动低于3%,每路通道信息传输速率为4.0 kbit/s,验证了所提方案的可行性。

深海无线传能技术的发展与展望

深海无线传能技术具有安全、可靠、隐蔽、灵活等特点,可以大大提升水下无人装备的续航能力,支撑其连续、隐蔽作业。本文综述了水下无线传能技术的发展现状,分析了复杂海洋环境对无线传能传输效率、稳定性、低噪声、电磁兼容性、境耐压防腐的影响,综合判断水下无线传能的发展趋势,提炼出水下无线传能的关键技术方向,以期水下无线传能技术为我国海洋装备的发展奠定基础。

基于换相角预测计算的高压直流输电双桥共同换相预判方法

高压直流输电系统交流故障下出现双桥共同换相会增大换相失败的风险,提前判断双桥共同换相的发生有利于及时采取措施避免换相失败。为获取对双桥共同换相进行预判所需的高精度换相角预测计算结果,利用拉格朗日中值定理建立换相角与中值时刻的关系,并构造虚拟换相过程用于确定中值时刻。仿真结果表明,所提换相角预测计算方法具有良好的鲁棒性和精度,用于双桥共同换相预判中能有效预判双桥共同换相的发生。

智能表面辅助的星地融合数能同传鲁棒安全波束成形

针对智能反射面辅助的星地融合数能同传场景中的物理层安全问题,提出了一种鲁棒安全波束成形方法以提升系统安全性能。在地面物联网设备采用接收能量分割架构同时进行信息接收和能量采集的情况下,构建了以系统总发射功率最小化为目标,以卫星用户服务质量满足要求,同时保证卫星信号不被窃听者窃取以及物联网设备信息接收和能量采集满足要求为约束的联合优化问题。为了克服求解该非凸优化问题的困难,首先引入辅助变量进行松弛处理,并进一步提出一种新颖的半正定规划与伯恩斯坦(Bernstein)不等式相结合的鲁棒安全波束成形方法,从而获得较优性能的解。在不同地面用户速率阈值和不同天线规模的系统中,相比迫零波束成形方案和固定能量分割比方案,所提方案所需的功率分别能平均节省20%和11%,能够在有效满足不同种类用户的服务需求的同时实现对窃听者窃听行为的抑制。

Recent Advances of Multi-Channel Transmission in Metro Access Networks

We discuss the concept of coarse wavelength-division multiplexing (CWDM) for metro networks. After reviewing the requirements on components such as lasers and fiber, we propose different architectures for a flexible upgrade of existing CWDM systems.

大功率高速激光无线能量信息同传技术

激光通信及激光能量传输技术都以激光为载体,进行空间传输,将能量和携带信息传递给远端设备,在系统构成上具有天然共同点,因此,在同一套系统内实现激光通信/传能两种功能,必将成为未来系统能源信息传输的有效手段,将优化系统构成,提高系统效率。文章研究了激光无线能量信息同传技术,对激光能量信息同传机制、同传机制下激光信号调制解调、高效率光电转换技术,提出高效能量信息同传系统设计方案,研制了火箭地面激光传能通信一体化样机,实现25 m传输距离,激光无线供电461W,激光无线通信速率500Mbps,为下一步高效激光无线能量信息同传系统发展提供解决思路。