An experiment was meticulously conducted at the research field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, Bangladesh, during the 2011-2012 potato growing season to develop integrat...An experiment was meticulously conducted at the research field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, Bangladesh, during the 2011-2012 potato growing season to develop integrated crop management practices for the potato seed production of industrial processing varieties Asterix and Courage. Significantly, higher growth and yield parameters were found in the BADC-recommended practice. Later, another experiment was conducted to validate the BADC practice during the 2013-2014 potato growing season in two locations in Bangladesh. Results showed that the production of tuber per hill, tuber weight per hill as well as gross tuber yield per plot, higher proportion of storable seed tubers, and more quality seed potatoes (A-grade and B-grade) seed tubers were found significantly higher in the “BADC developed practice” compared to other treatments. Viral diseases (PLRV and PVY) prevalence was lower in “BADC developed practice”. Moreover, “BADC developed practice” contributed more economic yield by minimizing input cost compared to “Munshiganj advanced farmers’ practice”. Therefore, the “BADC developed practice” was found “superior” regarding yield, quality, and profitability in seed potato production of industrial varieties—Asterix and Courage in Bangladesh.展开更多
The sensory perception of food is a dynamic process,which is closely related to the release of flavor substances during oral processing.It’s not only affected by the food material,but also subjected to the individual...The sensory perception of food is a dynamic process,which is closely related to the release of flavor substances during oral processing.It’s not only affected by the food material,but also subjected to the individual oral environment.To explore the oral processing characteristics of soft-boiled chicken,the sensory properties,texture,particle size,viscosity,characteristic values of electronic nose and tongue of different chicken samples were investigated.The correlation analysis showed that the physical characteristics especially the cohesiveness,springiness,resilience of the sample determined oral processing behavior.The addition of chicken skin played a role in lubrication during oral processing.The particle size of the bolus was heightened at the early stage,and the fluidity was enhanced in the end,which reduced the chewing time to the swallowing point and raised the aromatic compounds signal of electronic nose.But the effect of chicken skin on chicken thigh with relatively high fat content,was opposite in electronic nose,which had a certain masking effect on the perception of umami and sweet taste.In conclusion,fat played a critical role in chicken oral processing and chicken thigh had obvious advantages in comprehensive evaluation of soft-boiled chicken,which was more popular among people.展开更多
The exponential growth of literature is constraining researchers’access to comprehensive information in related fields.While natural language processing(NLP)may offer an effective solution to literature classificatio...The exponential growth of literature is constraining researchers’access to comprehensive information in related fields.While natural language processing(NLP)may offer an effective solution to literature classification,it remains hindered by the lack of labelled dataset.In this article,we introduce a novel method for generating literature classification models through semi-supervised learning,which can generate labelled dataset iteratively with limited human input.We apply this method to train NLP models for classifying literatures related to several research directions,i.e.,battery,superconductor,topological material,and artificial intelligence(AI)in materials science.The trained NLP‘battery’model applied on a larger dataset different from the training and testing dataset can achieve F1 score of 0.738,which indicates the accuracy and reliability of this scheme.Furthermore,our approach demonstrates that even with insufficient data,the not-well-trained model in the first few cycles can identify the relationships among different research fields and facilitate the discovery and understanding of interdisciplinary directions.展开更多
[Objectives]To compare the effects of traditional processing and fresh processing on the quality of Polygonatum odoratum decoction piece.[Methods]The effects of fresh processing and traditional processing on the quali...[Objectives]To compare the effects of traditional processing and fresh processing on the quality of Polygonatum odoratum decoction piece.[Methods]The effects of fresh processing and traditional processing on the quality of P.odoratum decoction piece were compared and analyzed with appearance characteristics,total ash content,extract content,total polysaccharides content,and total flavonoids content as the evaluation indexes.[Results]Fresh processing method in different production areas has different effects on P.odoratum decoction piece.P.odoratum was dried in oven of 50℃.When moisture content was 41.44%-59.67%,it was cut.After complete drying at 50℃,the moisture content of dried P.odoratum was 8.94%-9.60%,and ethanol-soluble extract content was 77.29%-78.20%,and water-soluble extract was 77.7%-78.14%.At this time,the appearance characteristics of section of P.odoratum decoction piece were better than that of traditional processing,which was yellowish white.The total polysaccharide content was higher than that of traditional processing,and the content of total flavonoids was statistically significant different from that of traditional processing.[Conclusions]The quality of P.odoratum decoction piece by fresh processing is better than that of the traditional processing,and it is feasible to use fresh processing.展开更多
Glutinous rice(Oryza sativa var.glutinosa)stands out as one of the most popular rice varieties globally,amidst thousands of rice cultivars.Its increasing popularity is attributed to its rich nutritional compositions a...Glutinous rice(Oryza sativa var.glutinosa)stands out as one of the most popular rice varieties globally,amidst thousands of rice cultivars.Its increasing popularity is attributed to its rich nutritional compositions and health benefits.This review aims to summarize the nutritional compositions,volatile compounds,and health benefits of glutinous rice.Further,in-depth studies are necessary to explore the utilization of glutinous rice in enhancing processing technologies and developing new food products.Glutinous rice has been shown to possess numerous health benefits,including antioxidant activity,bioactive compounds,anti-cancer properties,anti-inflammatory effects,anti-diabetic potential,and cholesterol-lowering effects.Besides its nutritional compositions,the major volatile compounds identified in glutinous rice could serve as a functional food for human consumption.Emerging processing technologies related to glutinous rice are elaborated to improve the latest developments for incorporating them into various food products.展开更多
Nowadays,magnesium alloys are emerging in biomedical implants for their similar properties to natural bones.However,the rapid degradation of magnesium alloys in biological media hinders successful implantation.Refinem...Nowadays,magnesium alloys are emerging in biomedical implants for their similar properties to natural bones.However,the rapid degradation of magnesium alloys in biological media hinders successful implantation.Refinement of microstructure,as well as reinforcement particles can significantly improve the degradation rate.In this work,multi-pass friction stir processing(FSP)was proposed to synthesize WE43/nano-hydroxyapatite(n HA)surface composite,the microstructure,reinforced particle distribution,micro-hardness,corrosion behavior and in-vitro bioactivity were studied.The subsequent FSP passes of WE43 alloy and WE43/n HA composite refined the grain size which was reduced by 94.29%and 95.92%(2.63 and 1.88μm,respectively)compared to base metal after three passes.This resulted in increasing the microhardness by 120%(90.86 HV0.1)and 135%(105.59 HV0.1)for the WE43 and WE43-n HA,respectively.It is found that increasing FSP passes improved the uniform distribution of n HA particles within the composite matrix which led to improved corrosion resistance and less degradation rate.The corrosion rate of the FSPed WE43/n HA composite after three passes was reduced by 38.2%(4.13 mm/year)and the degradation rate was reduced by 69.7%(2.87 mm/y).This is attributed to secondary phase(Mg24Y5and Mg41Nd5)particle fragmentation and redistribution,as well as a homogeneous distribution of n HA.Additionally,the growing Ca-P and Mg(OH)2layer formed on the surface represented a protective layer that reduced the degradation rate.The wettability test revealed a relatively hydrophilic surface with water contact angle of 49.1±2.2°compared to 71.2±2.1°for base metal.Also,biomineralization test showed that apatite layer grew after immersion 7d in simulated body fluid with atomic ratio of Ca/P 1.60 approaching the stoichiometric ratio(1.67)indicating superior bioactivity of FSPed WE43/n HA composite after three passes.These results raise that the grain refinement by FSP and introduction of n HA particles significantly improved the degradation rate and in-vitro bioactivity of WE43 alloy for biomedical applications.展开更多
Constructing the magnesium alloy with fine grains,low density of dislocations,and weak crystal orientation is of crucial importance to enhance its comprehensive performance as the anode for Mg-air battery.However,this...Constructing the magnesium alloy with fine grains,low density of dislocations,and weak crystal orientation is of crucial importance to enhance its comprehensive performance as the anode for Mg-air battery.However,this unique microstructure can hardly be achieved with conventional plastic deformation such as rolling or extrusion.Herein,we tailor the microstructure of Mg-Al-Sn-RE alloy by using the friction stir processing,which obviously refines the grains without increasing dislocation density or strengthening crystal orientation.The Mg-air battery with the processed Mg-Al-Sn-RE alloy as the anode exhibits higher discharge voltages and capacities than that employing the untreated anode.Furthermore,the impact of friction stir processing on the electrochemical discharge behaviour of Mg-Al-Sn-RE anode and the corresponding mechanism are also analysed according to microstructure characterization and electrochemical response.展开更多
Rising concerns about climate change drive the demand for lightweight components.Magnesium(Mg)alloys are highly valued for their low weight,making them increasingly important in various industries.Researchers focusing...Rising concerns about climate change drive the demand for lightweight components.Magnesium(Mg)alloys are highly valued for their low weight,making them increasingly important in various industries.Researchers focusing on enhancing the characteristics of Mg alloys and developing their Metal Matrix Composites(MMCs)have gained significant attention worldwide over the past decade,driven by the global shift towards lightweight materials.Friction Stir Processing(FSP)has emerged as a promising technique to enhance the properties of Mg alloys and produce Mg-MMCs.Initially,FSP adapted to refine grain size from the micro to the nano level and accelerated the development of MMCs due to its solid-state nature and the synergistic effects of microstructure refinement and reinforcement,improving strength,hardness,ductility,wear resistance,corrosion resistance,and fatigue strength.However,producing defect-free and sound FSPed Mg and Mg-MMCs requires addressing several variables and their interdependencies,which opens up a broad range of practical applications.Despite existing reviews on individual FSP of Mg,its alloys,and MMCs,an attempt has been made to analyze the latest research on these three aspects collectively to enhance the understanding,application,and effectiveness of FSP for Mg and its derivatives.This review article discusses the literature,classifies the importance of Mg alloys,provides a historical background,and explores developments and potential applications of FSPed Mg alloys.It focuses on novel fabrication methods,reinforcement strategies,machine and tool design parameters,material characterization,and integration with other methods for enhanced properties.The influence of process parameters and the emergence of defects are examined,along with specific applications in mono and hybrid composites and their microstructure evolution.The study identifies promising reinforcement materials and highlights research gaps in FSP for Mg alloys and MMCs production.It concludes with significant recommendations for further exploration,reflecting ongoing advancements in this field.展开更多
Mg–3Nd–0.2Zn–0.4Zr(NZ30K,wt.%)alloy is a new kind of high-performance metallic biomaterial.The combination of the NZ30K Magnesium(Mg)alloy and selective laser melting(SLM)process seems to be an ideal solution to pr...Mg–3Nd–0.2Zn–0.4Zr(NZ30K,wt.%)alloy is a new kind of high-performance metallic biomaterial.The combination of the NZ30K Magnesium(Mg)alloy and selective laser melting(SLM)process seems to be an ideal solution to produce porous Mg degradable implants.However,the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the SLMed NZ30K Mg alloy were not yet studied systematically.Therefore,the fabrication defects,microstructure,and mechanical properties of the SLMed NZ30K alloy under different processing parameters were investigated.The results show that there are two types of fabrication defects in the SLMed NZ30K alloy,gas pores and unfused defects.With the increase of the laser energy density,the porosity sharply decreases to the minimum first and then slightly increases.The minimum porosity is 0.49±0.18%.While the microstructure varies from the large grains with lamellar structure inside under low laser energy density,to the large grains with lamellar structure inside&the equiaxed grains&the columnar grains under middle laser energy density,and further to the fine equiaxed grains&the columnar grains under high laser energy density.The lamellar structure in the large grain is a newly observed microstructure for the NZ30K Mg alloy.Higher laser energy density leads to finer grains,which enhance all the yield strength(YS),ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and elongation,and the best comprehensive mechanical properties obtained are YS of 266±2.1 MPa,UTS of 296±5.2 MPa,with an elongation of 4.9±0.68%.The SLMed NZ30K Mg alloy with a bimodal-grained structure consisting of fine equiaxed grains and coarser columnar grains has better elongation and a yield drop phenomenon.展开更多
SIL1,an endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-resident protein,is reported to play a protective role in Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,the effect of SIL1 on amyloid precursor protein(APP)processing remains unclear.In this study...SIL1,an endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-resident protein,is reported to play a protective role in Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,the effect of SIL1 on amyloid precursor protein(APP)processing remains unclear.In this study,the role of SIL1 in APP processing was explored both in vitro and in vivo.In the in vitro experiment,SIL1 was either overexpressed or knocked down in cells stably expressing the human Swedish mutant APP695.In the in vivo experiment,AAV-SIL1-EGFP or AAV-EGFP was microinjected into APP23/PS45 mice and their wild-type littermates.Western blotting(WB),immunohistochemistry,RNA sequencing(RNA-seq),and behavioral experiments were performed to evaluate the relevant parameters.Results indicated that SIL1 expression decreased in APP23/PS45 mice.Overexpression of SIL1 significantly decreased the protein levels of APP,presenilin-1(PS1),and C-terminal fragments(CTFs)of APP in vivo and in vitro.Conversely,knockdown of SIL1 increased the protein levels of APP,β-site APP cleavage enzyme 1(BACE1),PS1,and CTFs,as well as APP mRNA expression in 2EB2 cells.Furthermore,SIL1 overexpression reduced the number of senile plaques in APP23/PS45 mice.Importantly,Y-maze and Morris Water maze tests demonstrated that SIL1 overexpression improved cognitive impairment in APP23/PS45 mice.These findings indicate that SIL1 improves cognitive impairment in APP23/PS45 mice by inhibiting APP amyloidogenic processing and suggest that SIL1 is a potential therapeutic target for AD by modulating APP processing.展开更多
Food allergens are mainly naturally-occurring proteins with immunoglobulin E(IgE)-binding epitopes.Understanding the structural and immunogenic characteristics of allergenic proteins is essential in assessing whether ...Food allergens are mainly naturally-occurring proteins with immunoglobulin E(IgE)-binding epitopes.Understanding the structural and immunogenic characteristics of allergenic proteins is essential in assessing whether and how food processing techniques reduce allergenicity.We here discuss the impacts of food processing technologies on the modification of physicochemical,structural,and immunogenic properties of allergenic proteins.Detection techniques for characterizing changes in these properties of food allergens are summarized.Food processing helps to reduce allergenicity by aggregating or denaturing proteins,which masks,modifies,or destroys antigenic epitopes,whereas,it cannot eliminate allergenicity completely,and sometimes even improves allergenicity by exposing new epitopes.Moreover,most food processing techniques have been tested on purified food allergens rather than food products due to potential interference of other food components.We provide guidance for further development of processing operations that can decrease the allergenicity of allergenic food proteins without negatively impacting the nutritional profile.展开更多
In the digital era,emojis have enriched the way people communicate and research on emojis explosively increased in recent years.However,few noticed their functions from the neurocognitive perspective,especially their ...In the digital era,emojis have enriched the way people communicate and research on emojis explosively increased in recent years.However,few noticed their functions from the neurocognitive perspective,especially their similarities and differences with facial expressions in traditional face-to-face communication.To fill this gap,we conducted a Meta-analysis with 25 independent effect sizes from previous experimental studies.The present study shows that emojis have slight advantages in processing efficiency,which might be attributed to their simplicity in design,namely the omission of complex facial features,but the difference between emoji and face processing is not significant.In addition,emotional valence and experimental methods do not have significant influences,which suggests that emojis are equally effective as human faces in emotional expression.The current research contributes to the knowledge in digital communication and the crucial role played by emojis therein.展开更多
Due to the restricted satellite payloads in LEO mega-constellation networks(LMCNs),remote sensing image analysis,online learning and other big data services desirably need onboard distributed processing(OBDP).In exist...Due to the restricted satellite payloads in LEO mega-constellation networks(LMCNs),remote sensing image analysis,online learning and other big data services desirably need onboard distributed processing(OBDP).In existing technologies,the efficiency of big data applications(BDAs)in distributed systems hinges on the stable-state and low-latency links between worker nodes.However,LMCNs with high-dynamic nodes and long-distance links can not provide the above conditions,which makes the performance of OBDP hard to be intuitively measured.To bridge this gap,a multidimensional simulation platform is indispensable that can simulate the network environment of LMCNs and put BDAs in it for performance testing.Using STK's APIs and parallel computing framework,we achieve real-time simulation for thousands of satellite nodes,which are mapped as application nodes through software defined network(SDN)and container technologies.We elaborate the architecture and mechanism of the simulation platform,and take the Starlink and Hadoop as realistic examples for simulations.The results indicate that LMCNs have dynamic end-to-end latency which fluctuates periodically with the constellation movement.Compared to ground data center networks(GDCNs),LMCNs deteriorate the computing and storage job throughput,which can be alleviated by the utilization of erasure codes and data flow scheduling of worker nodes.展开更多
In order to obtain high-precision GPS control point results and provide high-precision known points for various projects,this study uses a variety of mature GPS post-processing software to process the observation data...In order to obtain high-precision GPS control point results and provide high-precision known points for various projects,this study uses a variety of mature GPS post-processing software to process the observation data of the GPS control network of Guanyinge Reservoir,and compares the results obtained by several kinds of software.According to the test results,the reasons for the accuracy differences between different software are analyzed,and the optimal results are obtained in the analysis and comparison.The purpose of this paper is to provide useful reference for GPS software users to process data.展开更多
Attitude is one of the crucial parameters for space objects and plays a vital role in collision prediction and debris removal.Analyzing light curves to determine attitude is the most commonly used method.In photometri...Attitude is one of the crucial parameters for space objects and plays a vital role in collision prediction and debris removal.Analyzing light curves to determine attitude is the most commonly used method.In photometric observations,outliers may exist in the obtained light curves due to various reasons.Therefore,preprocessing is required to remove these outliers to obtain high quality light curves.Through statistical analysis,the reasons leading to outliers can be categorized into two main types:first,the brightness of the object significantly increases due to the passage of a star nearby,referred to as“stellar contamination,”and second,the brightness markedly decreases due to cloudy cover,referred to as“cloudy contamination.”The traditional approach of manually inspecting images for contamination is time-consuming and labor-intensive.However,we propose the utilization of machine learning methods as a substitute.Convolutional Neural Networks and SVMs are employed to identify cases of stellar contamination and cloudy contamination,achieving F1 scores of 1.00 and 0.98 on a test set,respectively.We also explore other machine learning methods such as ResNet-18 and Light Gradient Boosting Machine,then conduct comparative analyses of the results.展开更多
In order to obtain Mg alloys with fine microstructures and high mechanical performances,a novel friction-based processing method,name as“constrained friction processing(CFP)”,was investigated.Via CFP,defect-free Mg-...In order to obtain Mg alloys with fine microstructures and high mechanical performances,a novel friction-based processing method,name as“constrained friction processing(CFP)”,was investigated.Via CFP,defect-free Mg-Zn-Ca rods with greatly refined grains and high mechanical properties were produced.Compared to the previous as-cast microstructure,the grain size was reduced from more than 1 mm to around 4μm within 3 s by a single process cycle.The compressive yield strength was increased by 350%while the ultimate compressive strength by 53%.According to the established material flow behaviors by“tracer material”,the plastic material was transported by shear deformation.From the base material to the rod,the material experienced three stages,i.e.deformation by the tool,upward flow with additional tilt,followed by upward transportation.The microstructural evolution was revealed by“stop-action”technique.The microstructural development at regions adjacent to the rod is mainly controlled by twinning,dynamic recrystallization(DRX)as well as particle stimulated nucleation,while that within the rod is related to DRX combined with grain growth.展开更多
Unstructured and irregular graph data causes strong randomness and poor locality of data accesses in graph processing.This paper optimizes the depth-branch-resorting algorithm(DBR),and proposes a branch-alternation-re...Unstructured and irregular graph data causes strong randomness and poor locality of data accesses in graph processing.This paper optimizes the depth-branch-resorting algorithm(DBR),and proposes a branch-alternation-resorting algorithm(BAR).In order to make the algorithm run in parallel and improve the efficiency of algorithm operation,the BAR algorithm is mapped onto the reconfigurable array processor(APR-16)to achieve vertex reordering,effectively improving the locality of graph data.This paper validates the BAR algorithm on the GraphBIG framework,by utilizing the reordered dataset with BAR on breadth-first search(BFS),single source shortest paht(SSSP)and betweenness centrality(BC)algorithms for traversal.The results show that compared with DBR and Corder algorithms,BAR can reduce execution time by up to 33.00%,and 51.00%seperatively.In terms of data movement,the BAR algorithm has a maximum reduction of 39.00%compared with the DBR algorithm and 29.66%compared with Corder algorithm.In terms of computational complexity,the BAR algorithm has a maximum reduction of 32.56%compared with DBR algorithm and53.05%compared with Corder algorithm.展开更多
In the process of production or processing of materials by various methods,there is a need for a large volume of water of the required quality.Today in many regions of the world,there is an acute problem of providing ...In the process of production or processing of materials by various methods,there is a need for a large volume of water of the required quality.Today in many regions of the world,there is an acute problem of providing industry with water of a required quality.Its solution is an urgent and difficult task.The water quality of surface water bodies is formed by a combination of a large number of both natural and anthropogenic factors,and is often significantly heterogeneous not only in the water area,but also in depth.As a rule,the water supply of large industrial enterprises is located along the river network.Mergers are the most important nodes of river systems.Understanding the mechanism of transport of pollutants at the confluence of rivers is critical for assessing water quality.In recent years,thanks to the data of satellite images,the interest of researchers in the phenomenon of mixing the waters of merging rivers has increased.The nature of the merger is influenced by the formation of transverse circulation.Within the framework of this work,a study of vorticity,as well as the width of the mixing zone,depending on the distance from the confluence,the speeds of the merging rivers and the angle of confluence was carried out.Since the consumer properties of water are largely determined by its chemical and physical indicators,the intensity of mixing,determined largely by the nature of the secondary circulation,is of fundamental importance for assessing the distribution of hydrochemical indicators of water quality in the mixing zone.These characteristics are important not only for organizing water intake for drinking and technical purposes with the best consumer properties,but also for organizing an effective monitoring system for confluence zones.展开更多
Although a large number of studies have focused on various aspects of politeness,very little is known about how politeness intention is activated cognitively during verbal communication.The present study aims to explo...Although a large number of studies have focused on various aspects of politeness,very little is known about how politeness intention is activated cognitively during verbal communication.The present study aims to explore the cognitive mechanism of politeness intention processing,and how it is related to pragmatic failure during cross-cultural communication.Using 30 Chinese EFL university students who were instructed to finish a probe word judgment task with 96 virtual scenarios,the results indicate that within both mono-and cross-cultural contexts,the response time in the experimental scenarios was significantly slower than that of the filler scenarios.This suggests that politeness intention was activated while understanding the surface meaning of the conversation;however,the EFL learners could not completely avoid the negative transfer of their native politeness conventions when they were comprehending the conversational intention of the target language.Furthermore,no significant differences in response time were found between the groups with high and low English pragmatic competence,illustrating that transferring the pragmatic rules and principles into cross-cultural communication skills was more cognitively demanding.Overall,this study adds to the literature on politeness research and provides some implications for foreign language pragmatic instructions.展开更多
文摘An experiment was meticulously conducted at the research field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, Bangladesh, during the 2011-2012 potato growing season to develop integrated crop management practices for the potato seed production of industrial processing varieties Asterix and Courage. Significantly, higher growth and yield parameters were found in the BADC-recommended practice. Later, another experiment was conducted to validate the BADC practice during the 2013-2014 potato growing season in two locations in Bangladesh. Results showed that the production of tuber per hill, tuber weight per hill as well as gross tuber yield per plot, higher proportion of storable seed tubers, and more quality seed potatoes (A-grade and B-grade) seed tubers were found significantly higher in the “BADC developed practice” compared to other treatments. Viral diseases (PLRV and PVY) prevalence was lower in “BADC developed practice”. Moreover, “BADC developed practice” contributed more economic yield by minimizing input cost compared to “Munshiganj advanced farmers’ practice”. Therefore, the “BADC developed practice” was found “superior” regarding yield, quality, and profitability in seed potato production of industrial varieties—Asterix and Courage in Bangladesh.
基金supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-41)Wens Fifth Five R&D Major Project(WENS-2020-1-ZDZX-007)。
文摘The sensory perception of food is a dynamic process,which is closely related to the release of flavor substances during oral processing.It’s not only affected by the food material,but also subjected to the individual oral environment.To explore the oral processing characteristics of soft-boiled chicken,the sensory properties,texture,particle size,viscosity,characteristic values of electronic nose and tongue of different chicken samples were investigated.The correlation analysis showed that the physical characteristics especially the cohesiveness,springiness,resilience of the sample determined oral processing behavior.The addition of chicken skin played a role in lubrication during oral processing.The particle size of the bolus was heightened at the early stage,and the fluidity was enhanced in the end,which reduced the chewing time to the swallowing point and raised the aromatic compounds signal of electronic nose.But the effect of chicken skin on chicken thigh with relatively high fat content,was opposite in electronic nose,which had a certain masking effect on the perception of umami and sweet taste.In conclusion,fat played a critical role in chicken oral processing and chicken thigh had obvious advantages in comprehensive evaluation of soft-boiled chicken,which was more popular among people.
基金funded by the Informatization Plan of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.CASWX2021SF-0102)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1603903,2022YFA1403800,and 2021YFA0718700)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11925408,11921004,and 12188101)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB33000000)。
文摘The exponential growth of literature is constraining researchers’access to comprehensive information in related fields.While natural language processing(NLP)may offer an effective solution to literature classification,it remains hindered by the lack of labelled dataset.In this article,we introduce a novel method for generating literature classification models through semi-supervised learning,which can generate labelled dataset iteratively with limited human input.We apply this method to train NLP models for classifying literatures related to several research directions,i.e.,battery,superconductor,topological material,and artificial intelligence(AI)in materials science.The trained NLP‘battery’model applied on a larger dataset different from the training and testing dataset can achieve F1 score of 0.738,which indicates the accuracy and reliability of this scheme.Furthermore,our approach demonstrates that even with insufficient data,the not-well-trained model in the first few cycles can identify the relationships among different research fields and facilitate the discovery and understanding of interdisciplinary directions.
基金Supported by Guangxi Science and Technology Major Project(GUIKE AA22096020)Central Guidance for Local Scientific and Technological Development Funds(ZY20230102)+2 种基金Guilin City Science Research and Technology Development Plan Project(20220104-4,20210202-1,2020011203-1,2020011203-2)Open Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironment Regulation(2022KF005)College Students Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan Program(202210601015).
文摘[Objectives]To compare the effects of traditional processing and fresh processing on the quality of Polygonatum odoratum decoction piece.[Methods]The effects of fresh processing and traditional processing on the quality of P.odoratum decoction piece were compared and analyzed with appearance characteristics,total ash content,extract content,total polysaccharides content,and total flavonoids content as the evaluation indexes.[Results]Fresh processing method in different production areas has different effects on P.odoratum decoction piece.P.odoratum was dried in oven of 50℃.When moisture content was 41.44%-59.67%,it was cut.After complete drying at 50℃,the moisture content of dried P.odoratum was 8.94%-9.60%,and ethanol-soluble extract content was 77.29%-78.20%,and water-soluble extract was 77.7%-78.14%.At this time,the appearance characteristics of section of P.odoratum decoction piece were better than that of traditional processing,which was yellowish white.The total polysaccharide content was higher than that of traditional processing,and the content of total flavonoids was statistically significant different from that of traditional processing.[Conclusions]The quality of P.odoratum decoction piece by fresh processing is better than that of the traditional processing,and it is feasible to use fresh processing.
基金the Ministry of Higher Education,Malaysia for financial support via the Transdisciplinary Research Grant Scheme Project(Grant No.TRGS/1/2020/UPM/02/7)。
文摘Glutinous rice(Oryza sativa var.glutinosa)stands out as one of the most popular rice varieties globally,amidst thousands of rice cultivars.Its increasing popularity is attributed to its rich nutritional compositions and health benefits.This review aims to summarize the nutritional compositions,volatile compounds,and health benefits of glutinous rice.Further,in-depth studies are necessary to explore the utilization of glutinous rice in enhancing processing technologies and developing new food products.Glutinous rice has been shown to possess numerous health benefits,including antioxidant activity,bioactive compounds,anti-cancer properties,anti-inflammatory effects,anti-diabetic potential,and cholesterol-lowering effects.Besides its nutritional compositions,the major volatile compounds identified in glutinous rice could serve as a functional food for human consumption.Emerging processing technologies related to glutinous rice are elaborated to improve the latest developments for incorporating them into various food products.
基金supported by the University Malaya(Grant code:FRGS/1/2022/TK10/UM/02/6)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51275414,No.51605387)Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through the Large Groups Project under grant number RGP.2/303/44。
文摘Nowadays,magnesium alloys are emerging in biomedical implants for their similar properties to natural bones.However,the rapid degradation of magnesium alloys in biological media hinders successful implantation.Refinement of microstructure,as well as reinforcement particles can significantly improve the degradation rate.In this work,multi-pass friction stir processing(FSP)was proposed to synthesize WE43/nano-hydroxyapatite(n HA)surface composite,the microstructure,reinforced particle distribution,micro-hardness,corrosion behavior and in-vitro bioactivity were studied.The subsequent FSP passes of WE43 alloy and WE43/n HA composite refined the grain size which was reduced by 94.29%and 95.92%(2.63 and 1.88μm,respectively)compared to base metal after three passes.This resulted in increasing the microhardness by 120%(90.86 HV0.1)and 135%(105.59 HV0.1)for the WE43 and WE43-n HA,respectively.It is found that increasing FSP passes improved the uniform distribution of n HA particles within the composite matrix which led to improved corrosion resistance and less degradation rate.The corrosion rate of the FSPed WE43/n HA composite after three passes was reduced by 38.2%(4.13 mm/year)and the degradation rate was reduced by 69.7%(2.87 mm/y).This is attributed to secondary phase(Mg24Y5and Mg41Nd5)particle fragmentation and redistribution,as well as a homogeneous distribution of n HA.Additionally,the growing Ca-P and Mg(OH)2layer formed on the surface represented a protective layer that reduced the degradation rate.The wettability test revealed a relatively hydrophilic surface with water contact angle of 49.1±2.2°compared to 71.2±2.1°for base metal.Also,biomineralization test showed that apatite layer grew after immersion 7d in simulated body fluid with atomic ratio of Ca/P 1.60 approaching the stoichiometric ratio(1.67)indicating superior bioactivity of FSPed WE43/n HA composite after three passes.These results raise that the grain refinement by FSP and introduction of n HA particles significantly improved the degradation rate and in-vitro bioactivity of WE43 alloy for biomedical applications.
基金The Authors acknowledge the financial support of the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.52171067)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(No.2022A1515012366).
文摘Constructing the magnesium alloy with fine grains,low density of dislocations,and weak crystal orientation is of crucial importance to enhance its comprehensive performance as the anode for Mg-air battery.However,this unique microstructure can hardly be achieved with conventional plastic deformation such as rolling or extrusion.Herein,we tailor the microstructure of Mg-Al-Sn-RE alloy by using the friction stir processing,which obviously refines the grains without increasing dislocation density or strengthening crystal orientation.The Mg-air battery with the processed Mg-Al-Sn-RE alloy as the anode exhibits higher discharge voltages and capacities than that employing the untreated anode.Furthermore,the impact of friction stir processing on the electrochemical discharge behaviour of Mg-Al-Sn-RE anode and the corresponding mechanism are also analysed according to microstructure characterization and electrochemical response.
文摘Rising concerns about climate change drive the demand for lightweight components.Magnesium(Mg)alloys are highly valued for their low weight,making them increasingly important in various industries.Researchers focusing on enhancing the characteristics of Mg alloys and developing their Metal Matrix Composites(MMCs)have gained significant attention worldwide over the past decade,driven by the global shift towards lightweight materials.Friction Stir Processing(FSP)has emerged as a promising technique to enhance the properties of Mg alloys and produce Mg-MMCs.Initially,FSP adapted to refine grain size from the micro to the nano level and accelerated the development of MMCs due to its solid-state nature and the synergistic effects of microstructure refinement and reinforcement,improving strength,hardness,ductility,wear resistance,corrosion resistance,and fatigue strength.However,producing defect-free and sound FSPed Mg and Mg-MMCs requires addressing several variables and their interdependencies,which opens up a broad range of practical applications.Despite existing reviews on individual FSP of Mg,its alloys,and MMCs,an attempt has been made to analyze the latest research on these three aspects collectively to enhance the understanding,application,and effectiveness of FSP for Mg and its derivatives.This review article discusses the literature,classifies the importance of Mg alloys,provides a historical background,and explores developments and potential applications of FSPed Mg alloys.It focuses on novel fabrication methods,reinforcement strategies,machine and tool design parameters,material characterization,and integration with other methods for enhanced properties.The influence of process parameters and the emergence of defects are examined,along with specific applications in mono and hybrid composites and their microstructure evolution.The study identifies promising reinforcement materials and highlights research gaps in FSP for Mg alloys and MMCs production.It concludes with significant recommendations for further exploration,reflecting ongoing advancements in this field.
基金financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52130104,51821001)High Technology and Key Development Project of Ningbo,China(2019B10102)。
文摘Mg–3Nd–0.2Zn–0.4Zr(NZ30K,wt.%)alloy is a new kind of high-performance metallic biomaterial.The combination of the NZ30K Magnesium(Mg)alloy and selective laser melting(SLM)process seems to be an ideal solution to produce porous Mg degradable implants.However,the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the SLMed NZ30K Mg alloy were not yet studied systematically.Therefore,the fabrication defects,microstructure,and mechanical properties of the SLMed NZ30K alloy under different processing parameters were investigated.The results show that there are two types of fabrication defects in the SLMed NZ30K alloy,gas pores and unfused defects.With the increase of the laser energy density,the porosity sharply decreases to the minimum first and then slightly increases.The minimum porosity is 0.49±0.18%.While the microstructure varies from the large grains with lamellar structure inside under low laser energy density,to the large grains with lamellar structure inside&the equiaxed grains&the columnar grains under middle laser energy density,and further to the fine equiaxed grains&the columnar grains under high laser energy density.The lamellar structure in the large grain is a newly observed microstructure for the NZ30K Mg alloy.Higher laser energy density leads to finer grains,which enhance all the yield strength(YS),ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and elongation,and the best comprehensive mechanical properties obtained are YS of 266±2.1 MPa,UTS of 296±5.2 MPa,with an elongation of 4.9±0.68%.The SLMed NZ30K Mg alloy with a bimodal-grained structure consisting of fine equiaxed grains and coarser columnar grains has better elongation and a yield drop phenomenon.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(82230043,82293642)。
文摘SIL1,an endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-resident protein,is reported to play a protective role in Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,the effect of SIL1 on amyloid precursor protein(APP)processing remains unclear.In this study,the role of SIL1 in APP processing was explored both in vitro and in vivo.In the in vitro experiment,SIL1 was either overexpressed or knocked down in cells stably expressing the human Swedish mutant APP695.In the in vivo experiment,AAV-SIL1-EGFP or AAV-EGFP was microinjected into APP23/PS45 mice and their wild-type littermates.Western blotting(WB),immunohistochemistry,RNA sequencing(RNA-seq),and behavioral experiments were performed to evaluate the relevant parameters.Results indicated that SIL1 expression decreased in APP23/PS45 mice.Overexpression of SIL1 significantly decreased the protein levels of APP,presenilin-1(PS1),and C-terminal fragments(CTFs)of APP in vivo and in vitro.Conversely,knockdown of SIL1 increased the protein levels of APP,β-site APP cleavage enzyme 1(BACE1),PS1,and CTFs,as well as APP mRNA expression in 2EB2 cells.Furthermore,SIL1 overexpression reduced the number of senile plaques in APP23/PS45 mice.Importantly,Y-maze and Morris Water maze tests demonstrated that SIL1 overexpression improved cognitive impairment in APP23/PS45 mice.These findings indicate that SIL1 improves cognitive impairment in APP23/PS45 mice by inhibiting APP amyloidogenic processing and suggest that SIL1 is a potential therapeutic target for AD by modulating APP processing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32102605)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program under Grant (CAAS-ASTIP-2020IAR)the Earmarked Fund for CARS (CARS-44)。
文摘Food allergens are mainly naturally-occurring proteins with immunoglobulin E(IgE)-binding epitopes.Understanding the structural and immunogenic characteristics of allergenic proteins is essential in assessing whether and how food processing techniques reduce allergenicity.We here discuss the impacts of food processing technologies on the modification of physicochemical,structural,and immunogenic properties of allergenic proteins.Detection techniques for characterizing changes in these properties of food allergens are summarized.Food processing helps to reduce allergenicity by aggregating or denaturing proteins,which masks,modifies,or destroys antigenic epitopes,whereas,it cannot eliminate allergenicity completely,and sometimes even improves allergenicity by exposing new epitopes.Moreover,most food processing techniques have been tested on purified food allergens rather than food products due to potential interference of other food components.We provide guidance for further development of processing operations that can decrease the allergenicity of allergenic food proteins without negatively impacting the nutritional profile.
基金supported by Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(No.2462023YXZZ006)Undergraduate Key Teaching Reform Project(30GK2312).
文摘In the digital era,emojis have enriched the way people communicate and research on emojis explosively increased in recent years.However,few noticed their functions from the neurocognitive perspective,especially their similarities and differences with facial expressions in traditional face-to-face communication.To fill this gap,we conducted a Meta-analysis with 25 independent effect sizes from previous experimental studies.The present study shows that emojis have slight advantages in processing efficiency,which might be attributed to their simplicity in design,namely the omission of complex facial features,but the difference between emoji and face processing is not significant.In addition,emotional valence and experimental methods do not have significant influences,which suggests that emojis are equally effective as human faces in emotional expression.The current research contributes to the knowledge in digital communication and the crucial role played by emojis therein.
基金supported by National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(No.62271165,62027802,62201307)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023A1515030297)+2 种基金the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program ZDSYS20210623091808025Stable Support Plan Program GXWD20231129102638002the Major Key Project of PCL(No.PCL2024A01)。
文摘Due to the restricted satellite payloads in LEO mega-constellation networks(LMCNs),remote sensing image analysis,online learning and other big data services desirably need onboard distributed processing(OBDP).In existing technologies,the efficiency of big data applications(BDAs)in distributed systems hinges on the stable-state and low-latency links between worker nodes.However,LMCNs with high-dynamic nodes and long-distance links can not provide the above conditions,which makes the performance of OBDP hard to be intuitively measured.To bridge this gap,a multidimensional simulation platform is indispensable that can simulate the network environment of LMCNs and put BDAs in it for performance testing.Using STK's APIs and parallel computing framework,we achieve real-time simulation for thousands of satellite nodes,which are mapped as application nodes through software defined network(SDN)and container technologies.We elaborate the architecture and mechanism of the simulation platform,and take the Starlink and Hadoop as realistic examples for simulations.The results indicate that LMCNs have dynamic end-to-end latency which fluctuates periodically with the constellation movement.Compared to ground data center networks(GDCNs),LMCNs deteriorate the computing and storage job throughput,which can be alleviated by the utilization of erasure codes and data flow scheduling of worker nodes.
文摘In order to obtain high-precision GPS control point results and provide high-precision known points for various projects,this study uses a variety of mature GPS post-processing software to process the observation data of the GPS control network of Guanyinge Reservoir,and compares the results obtained by several kinds of software.According to the test results,the reasons for the accuracy differences between different software are analyzed,and the optimal results are obtained in the analysis and comparison.The purpose of this paper is to provide useful reference for GPS software users to process data.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Nos.12373086 and 12303082)CAS“Light of West China”Program+2 种基金Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program in Yunnan ProvinceNational Key R&D Program of ChinaGravitational Wave Detection Project No.2022YFC2203800。
文摘Attitude is one of the crucial parameters for space objects and plays a vital role in collision prediction and debris removal.Analyzing light curves to determine attitude is the most commonly used method.In photometric observations,outliers may exist in the obtained light curves due to various reasons.Therefore,preprocessing is required to remove these outliers to obtain high quality light curves.Through statistical analysis,the reasons leading to outliers can be categorized into two main types:first,the brightness of the object significantly increases due to the passage of a star nearby,referred to as“stellar contamination,”and second,the brightness markedly decreases due to cloudy cover,referred to as“cloudy contamination.”The traditional approach of manually inspecting images for contamination is time-consuming and labor-intensive.However,we propose the utilization of machine learning methods as a substitute.Convolutional Neural Networks and SVMs are employed to identify cases of stellar contamination and cloudy contamination,achieving F1 scores of 1.00 and 0.98 on a test set,respectively.We also explore other machine learning methods such as ResNet-18 and Light Gradient Boosting Machine,then conduct comparative analyses of the results.
基金the China Scholarship Council for the award of fellowship and funding(No.202006230137)。
文摘In order to obtain Mg alloys with fine microstructures and high mechanical performances,a novel friction-based processing method,name as“constrained friction processing(CFP)”,was investigated.Via CFP,defect-free Mg-Zn-Ca rods with greatly refined grains and high mechanical properties were produced.Compared to the previous as-cast microstructure,the grain size was reduced from more than 1 mm to around 4μm within 3 s by a single process cycle.The compressive yield strength was increased by 350%while the ultimate compressive strength by 53%.According to the established material flow behaviors by“tracer material”,the plastic material was transported by shear deformation.From the base material to the rod,the material experienced three stages,i.e.deformation by the tool,upward flow with additional tilt,followed by upward transportation.The microstructural evolution was revealed by“stop-action”technique.The microstructural development at regions adjacent to the rod is mainly controlled by twinning,dynamic recrystallization(DRX)as well as particle stimulated nucleation,while that within the rod is related to DRX combined with grain growth.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022ZD0119001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61834005)+3 种基金the Shaanxi Province Key R&D Plan(No.2022GY-027)the Key Scientific Research Project of Shaanxi Department of Education(No.22JY060)the Education Research Project of XUPT(No.JGA202108)the Graduate Student Innovation Fund of Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications(No.CXJJZL2022011)。
文摘Unstructured and irregular graph data causes strong randomness and poor locality of data accesses in graph processing.This paper optimizes the depth-branch-resorting algorithm(DBR),and proposes a branch-alternation-resorting algorithm(BAR).In order to make the algorithm run in parallel and improve the efficiency of algorithm operation,the BAR algorithm is mapped onto the reconfigurable array processor(APR-16)to achieve vertex reordering,effectively improving the locality of graph data.This paper validates the BAR algorithm on the GraphBIG framework,by utilizing the reordered dataset with BAR on breadth-first search(BFS),single source shortest paht(SSSP)and betweenness centrality(BC)algorithms for traversal.The results show that compared with DBR and Corder algorithms,BAR can reduce execution time by up to 33.00%,and 51.00%seperatively.In terms of data movement,the BAR algorithm has a maximum reduction of 39.00%compared with the DBR algorithm and 29.66%compared with Corder algorithm.In terms of computational complexity,the BAR algorithm has a maximum reduction of 32.56%compared with DBR algorithm and53.05%compared with Corder algorithm.
基金financial support from the Government of the Perm Territory within the Framework of Scientific Project No.S-26/828the Ministry of Science and High Education of Russia(Theme No.121031700169-1).
文摘In the process of production or processing of materials by various methods,there is a need for a large volume of water of the required quality.Today in many regions of the world,there is an acute problem of providing industry with water of a required quality.Its solution is an urgent and difficult task.The water quality of surface water bodies is formed by a combination of a large number of both natural and anthropogenic factors,and is often significantly heterogeneous not only in the water area,but also in depth.As a rule,the water supply of large industrial enterprises is located along the river network.Mergers are the most important nodes of river systems.Understanding the mechanism of transport of pollutants at the confluence of rivers is critical for assessing water quality.In recent years,thanks to the data of satellite images,the interest of researchers in the phenomenon of mixing the waters of merging rivers has increased.The nature of the merger is influenced by the formation of transverse circulation.Within the framework of this work,a study of vorticity,as well as the width of the mixing zone,depending on the distance from the confluence,the speeds of the merging rivers and the angle of confluence was carried out.Since the consumer properties of water are largely determined by its chemical and physical indicators,the intensity of mixing,determined largely by the nature of the secondary circulation,is of fundamental importance for assessing the distribution of hydrochemical indicators of water quality in the mixing zone.These characteristics are important not only for organizing water intake for drinking and technical purposes with the best consumer properties,but also for organizing an effective monitoring system for confluence zones.
文摘Although a large number of studies have focused on various aspects of politeness,very little is known about how politeness intention is activated cognitively during verbal communication.The present study aims to explore the cognitive mechanism of politeness intention processing,and how it is related to pragmatic failure during cross-cultural communication.Using 30 Chinese EFL university students who were instructed to finish a probe word judgment task with 96 virtual scenarios,the results indicate that within both mono-and cross-cultural contexts,the response time in the experimental scenarios was significantly slower than that of the filler scenarios.This suggests that politeness intention was activated while understanding the surface meaning of the conversation;however,the EFL learners could not completely avoid the negative transfer of their native politeness conventions when they were comprehending the conversational intention of the target language.Furthermore,no significant differences in response time were found between the groups with high and low English pragmatic competence,illustrating that transferring the pragmatic rules and principles into cross-cultural communication skills was more cognitively demanding.Overall,this study adds to the literature on politeness research and provides some implications for foreign language pragmatic instructions.