Analytic elasticity solution of bi-modulus beams under combined loads

A unified stress function for bi-modulus beams is proposed based on its mechanic sense on the boundary of beams. Elasticity solutions of stress and displacement for bi-modulus beams under combined loads are derived. The example analysis shows that the maximum tensile stress using the same elastic modulus theory is underestimated if the tensile elastic modulus is larger than the compressive elastic modulus. Otherwise, the maximum compressive stress is underestimated. The maximum tensile stress using the material mechanics solution is underestimated when the tensile elastic modulus is larger than the compressive elastic modulus to a certain extent. The error of stress using the material mechanics theory decreases as the span-to-height ratio of beams increases, which is apparent when L/h ≤ 5. The error also varies with the distributed load patterns.

Rigorous Axially Symmetric Consolidation Solution of Vacuum Combined Linear Loading Surcharge Preloading

Vacuum combined surcharge preloading is an effective method which has been used in ground treatment. This study presents the analytical solution of vertical drains with vacuum combined surcharge preloading. The surcharge was considered to be time-dependent preloading due to its reflection of the real situation.Moreover,the free strain,instead of equal strain hypothesis of the surface,was adopted for the mathematical rigor. Both vertical and horizontal drainages,along with the well resistance were considered.Besides,the time-dependent surcharge preloading was resolved with the impulse theorem which has been presented in the study,and the solutions for pore water pressure and degree of consolidation were derived by applying the approach of separation of variables.Furthermore,the solution is compared with previous solutions and numerical solutions,and the results verify the correctness of the proposed model.

Use of albendazole sulfoxide, albendazole sulfone, and combined solutions as scolicidal agents on hydatid cysts (in vitro study)

AIM: To establish which scolicidal agents are superiorand more suitable for regular use.METHODS: Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleceswere obtained from 25 patients with liver hydatidcysts. Various concentrations of albendazole sulfone,albendazole sulfoxide, and albendazole sulfone andalbendazole sulfoxide mixed together in concentrationsof 50 μg/mL, and H2O2 in a concentration of 4%, NaCl20%, and 1.5% cetrimide-0.15% chlorhexidine (10%Savlon-Turkey) were used to determine the scolicidaleffects. Albendazole (ABZ) derivatives and otherscolicidal agents were applied to a minimum of 100scoleces for 5 and 10 min. The degree of viability wascalculated according to the number of living scolicesper fi eld from a total of 100 scolices observed underthe microscope.RESULTS: After 5 min, ABZ sulfone was 97.3%effective, ABZ sulfoxide was 98.4% effective, and thecombined solution was 98.6% effective. When sulfone,sulfoxide and the combined solutions were compared,the combined solution seemed more effective thansulfone. However, there was no difference when thecombined solution was compared with sulfoxide. After10 min, hypertonic salt water, sulfone, sulfoxide, andthe combined solution compared to other solutionslooked more effective and this was statisticallysignificant on an advanced level. When sulfone,sulfoxide, and the combined solutions were compared with each other, the combined solution appeared more effective than sulfone. When the combined solution was compared with sulfoxide, there was no difference.CONCLUSION: Despite being active, ABZ metabolites did not provide a marked advantage over 20% hypertonic saline. According to these results, we think creating a newly improved and more active preparation is necessary for hydatid cyst treatment.

Exact Travelling Wave Solutions for a Combined KdV and Schwarzian KdV Equation

In this paper the ( G'/G )-expansion method is used to find exact travelling wave solutions for a combined KdV and Schwarzian KdV equation. As a result, multiple travelling wave solutions with arbitrary parameters are obtained, which are expressed by hyperbolic functions, trigonometric functions and rational functions. When the parameters are taken as special values, the solitary waves are derived from the travelling waves. The (G'/G)-expansion method presents a wider applicability for handling nonlinear wave equations.

EXPLICIT EXACT SOLUTIONS FOR THE GENERALIZED COMBINED KdV AND MKdV EQUATION

With the aid of Mathematica and Wu elimination method,via using a new generalized ansatz and well known Riccati equation,thirty two families of explicit and exact solutions for the generalized combined KdV and mKdV equation are obtained,which contain new solitary wave solutions and periodic wave solutions.This approach can also be applied to other nonlinear evolution equations.

An Exact Solution to the Combined KS and EdV Equation

The exact solution for the combined KS and KdV equation is obtained via introducing a simple and effective nonlinear transformations.This method is very concise and primary and can be applied to other unintegrable nonlinear evolution equations.It is common knowledge that the Korteweg de Vries(KdV) equation [1] (1)has been proposed as model equation for the weakly nonlinear long waves which occur in many different physical systems; the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky (KS) equationis one of the simplest nonliaear partial differential equations that exhibit Chaotic behavior frequently encounted in the study of continous media [2-4] . Many interesting mathematical and physical properties of eqs. (1) and (2) have been studied widely. But, in several problems where a lonq wavelength oscilatory instability is found, the noulineai evolution of the perturbations near rriticality is governed by the dispersion modified Kuramoto-Sivashi nsky equation(3)ft is clear that this equation is a combination of the KdV and

Switching Study of Tafluprost/Timolol Fixed-Combination Ophthalmic Solution, Following Unfixed Combination of Tafluprost Ophthalmic Solution 0.0015% and Timolol Ophthalmic Gel-Forming Solution 0.5%

Purpose: Fixed-combination medication to treat glaucoma can reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) without negative effects of concomitant medication. Tafluprost/timolol fixed-combination ophthalmic solution (TTFC) has been reported to show similar effectiveness in lowering IOP, compared with concomitant use of its component drugs, tafluprost and timolol. However, the difference in IOP-lowering effects between TTFC and concomitant use of tafluprost and gel-forming timolol is unknown. Hence, we conducted this switching study from tafluprost and gel-forming timolol to TTFC in glaucoma patients undergoing multi-drug therapy. Design: Multi-center, open-label, interventional clinical study. Methods: Twenty-eight patients (28 eyes;safety analysis set) with primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension, who had completed the 4-week-concomitant phase of tafluprost and gel-forming timolol, were treated for 8 weeks with TTFC. IOP, adherence, ocular surface safety, and the usability of ophthalmic solution were compared before and after switching. This study was approved by the ethics committees of Kitasato University Hospital and all other study sites. All patients provided written informed consent to participate. Results: IOP at 8 weeks after switching was significantly lower than before switching (P = 0.0001) in the efficacy analysis set (n = 24). The self-reported adherence rate remained high after switching;moreover, there was no meaningful change in ocular surface safety. Patient questionnaires regarding usability of medication revealed that 85.7% of patients preferred their instillation prescription after switching, including TTFC. Among the safety analysis set (n = 28), no adverse events were reported in relation to the study drug. Conclusion: TTFC showed greater IOP reduction than concomitant therapy. Thus, TTFC may be a better option in glaucoma patients than concomitant therapy.

Study on Deformation Law of Circular Foundation Under Combined Loading

The foundations of some ocean engineering structures are built to withstand not only the vertical gravity load V, but also the horizontal load H induced by sea waves and current. The horizontal load includes the concentrated force load, the moment load M, and the torque load T termed also as combined loading. It is of academic and engineering significance to study the deformation law of submarine seabed due to combined loading. On the basis of the three-dimensional elastic mechanics solution of circular foundation, numerical methods are used to analyze the deformation law of submarine soil under circular foundation with six degrees of freedom. The finite element analysis results give the elastic deformation law of soil in three dimensional spaces, modify the theoretical elasticity solution, and presents nonlinear soil deformation mechanism under the circular foundation with six degrees of freedom.

Analytical Treatment of the Evolutionary (1 + 1)-Dimensional Combined KdV-mKdV Equation via the Novel (G'/G)-Expansion Method

The novel (G'/G)-expansion method is a powerful and simple technique for finding exact traveling wave solutions to nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs). In this article, we study explicit exact traveling wave solutions for the (1 + 1)-dimensional combined KdV-mKdV equation by using the novel (G'/G)-expansion method. Consequently, various traveling wave solutions patterns including solitary wave solutions, periodic solutions, and kinks are detected and exhibited.

New Travelling Wave Solutions to Compound KdV-Burgers Equation

The compound KdV-Burgers equation and combined KdV-mKdV equation are real physical models concerning many branches in physics.In this paper,applying the improved trigonometric function method to these equations,rich explicit and exact travelling wave solutions,which contain solitary-wave solutions,periodic solutions,and combined formal solitary-wave solutions,are obtained.

General Analytical Shakedown Analysis of a Structure Subjected to Combined Loading with Constant and Cyclic Loads

The shakedown behavior of structures subjected to a combined loading of constant and cyclic loads has been well researched.For some specified problems,shakedown limit loads have been obtained.However,the general effect of combined loading on the structural shakedown has not yet been presented.The general analytic solution of the elastic shakedown limit load is thus derived for a structure subjected to combined loading.Polizzotto's extended static shakedown theorem for combined loading is applied.The stress field in equilibrium with the external constant load required in Polizzotto's extended theorem is constructed by subtracting the reference elastic stress field of the peak cyclic load from the elastic-plastic stress field of the combined constant load and peak cyclic load.The shakedown condition of the stress field is then derived according to the extended theorem.Through the analytical analysis of the shakedown condition,the structural shakedown behavior under combined loading is investigated.A general solution of the shakedown limit load is then derived,and the effects of the combined loading on the shakedown behavior are proposed.The obtained general analytical result is applied to a hollow tension specimen under constant tension and alternating torsion and a plate with a central hole under constant and cyclic tension.The results are consistent with the solutions reported in the literature.

New explicit and exact solutions of the Benney-Kawahara-Lin equation

In this paper, we present a combination method of constructing the explicit and exact solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations. And as an illustrative example, we apply the method to the Benney-Kawahara-Lin equation and derive its many explicit and exact solutions which are all new solutions.

Stress analytical solution for plane problem of a double-layered thick-walled cylinder subjected to a type of non-uniform distributed pressure

The stress state around circular openings,such as boreholes,shafts,and tunnels,is usually needed to be evaluated.Solutions for stresses,strains and ultimate bearing capacities of pressurized hollow cylinder are common cases.Stress analytical method for plane problem of a double-layered thick-walled cylinder subjected to a type of non-uniform pressure on the outer surface and uniform radial pressure on the inner surface is given.The power series method of complex function is used.The stress analytical solution is obtained with the assumption that two layers of a cylinder are fully contacted.The distributions of normal and tangential contact stress along the interface,tangential stress on the inner boundary and stresses in the radial direction at θ=0°,45° and 90°,are obtained.An example indicates that,when the elastic modulus of the inner layer of a double-layered thick-walled cylinder is smaller than that of the outer layer,the tangential stress is smaller than that in the corresponding point for a traditional cylinder composed of homogeneous materials.In that way,stress concentration at the inner surface can be alleviated and the stress distribution is more uniform.This is a capable way to enhance the elastic ultimate bearing capacity of thick-walled cylinder.

New Solutions for an Elliptic Equation Method and Its Applications in Nonlinear Evolution Equations

In this paper, we study an elliptic equation with four distinct real roots and obtain five new solutions to this type of elliptic equation. Using these obtained new elliptic function solutions we can construct a series of explicit exact solutions for many nonlinear evolution equations. As examples, we choose combined KdV-MKdV equation, a fourth-order integrable nonlinear Schrödinger equation and generalized Dullin-Gottwald-Holm equation to demonstrate the effectiveness of these new elliptic function solutions. These new elliptic function solutions can be applied to many other nonlinear evolution equations.

非剥脱点阵激光联合透明质酸钠复合溶液注射治疗颈部老化疗效观察

目的:观察非剥脱点阵激光联合透明质酸钠复合溶液注射治疗颈部老化的临床疗效。方法:选取2020年7月-2022年7月于笔者医院就诊的30例颈部老化女性就医者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和联合组各15例。对照组给予1 565 nm M22-ResurFx非剥脱点阵激光治疗;联合组给予1 565 nm M22-ResurFx非剥脱点阵激光联合透明质酸钠复合溶液注射治疗。对照组激光治疗3次;联合组激光及透明质酸钠复合溶液联合治疗3次,收集每次治疗前、后照片,评估治疗前、后就医者颈部老化的改善程度和治疗后不良反应。结果:联合组改善率为66.67%,明显高于对照组的20.00%(P<0.05);联合组就医者满意率为80.00%,高于对照组的53.33%;联合组颈部老化分级明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。激光治疗后治疗区域均即刻出现红斑及风团,3~5 d消退,无结痂及出血发生。两组均未有其他严重不良反应发生。结论:非剥脱点阵激光联合透明质酸钠复合溶液注射治疗颈部老化疗效好,患者满意度高,值得临床推广应用。

碎石桩-排水板组合型复合地基固结解析解

碎石桩-排水板组合型复合地基以成本低、固结速率快及加固效果好等优势被广泛应用于工程实际。虽然目前竖井地基或碎石桩复合地基固结理论已较为完善,但同时包含以上两种排水体的复合地基固结理论还鲜见报道。此外,以往固结模型中土体内孔隙水在径向仅发生单向渗流,这与实际情况存在差别。基于此,以碎石桩-排水板组合型复合地基为研究对象,考虑外荷载作用下土中孔隙水分别向碎石桩和排水板发生径向渗流,在复合地基顶面排水、底面不透水条件下建立碎石桩-排水板复合地基固结模型。利用桩体、桩周土体和竖井间流量相等的连续条件,获得该模型的解析解答。在一定条件下,该解答可退化为碎石桩复合地基固结解或竖井地基固结解,表明该解答的普适性及正确性。将该解答应用于工程实例及室内模型试验的沉降计算,计算结果与实测值吻合较好。开展大量计算研究此类复合地基不同工况下的固结性状,结果表明:在碎石桩桩间打设排水板,能有效提高复合地基固结速率,复合地基固结速率随排水板数量增加而加快;排水板渗透系数对复合地基固结速率及沉降速率的影响较大;与传统复合地基技术相比,碎石桩桩间增设排水板的工法具有更好的经济价值。

基于最优组合权重的GRA-TOPSIS地下采场爆破方案优选模型

从经济技术、人员设备安全及爆破质量参数等3个方面综合考虑,选取15项二级指标作为影响采场爆破效果的评判标准,将AHP法与熵权法相结合进行赋权以确定最优权重,并将优劣解距离法(TOPSIS)与灰色关联法(GRA)相结合,构建GRA-TOPSIS综合评价模型。以某铜矿为例,初选5种爆破方案,根据评价指标对各爆破方案进行定量分析,得出其综合优越度,进而确定最优爆破方案。研究结果表明,5种爆破方案综合优越度分别为58.5%、62.0%、35.0%、68.7%、32.8%,即最优爆破方案为倾斜掏槽、80°倾斜崩矿。经矿山实践验证,评价结果与实际爆破效果吻合,表明将该模型用于采场爆破方案优选是可行的。

基于层次分析和关联规则的陆路交通工程间接勘察技术方案决策方法

勘察技术方案的决策是开展陆路交通工程勘察的首要工作,然而在不同的勘察阶段,由于成本、效率、效果等需求不同,对勘察技术及手段的要求也不同。现阶段勘察技术的选取长期单纯地依赖从业者经验,导致其无法满足信息化、智能化勘察的需求;同时,实用的新型勘察技术由于缺乏科学有效的决策机制,导致工程实践中无法及时融入。因此,需要建立科学的决策机制,结合新技术,制定更加精准、高效的勘察方案。将层次分析法和关联规则进行融合,提出了一种基于两者的间接勘察技术方案决策方法。首先,根据勘察技术本身具备的特性和目标地区地层参数进行定量分析,确定主要的勘察类别;然后,利用层次分析法选取该类别中满足勘察准确性、技术可靠性、经济合理性的最佳勘察技术;最后,运用关联规则围绕最佳勘察技术补齐在应用中存在的短板,综合新型勘察技术的应用实践结果,构建间接勘察技术组合方案。通过本决策方法的应用,极大程度地减小了勘察技术选择的随意性,据此建立的间接勘察技术组合方案符合现场需求和实践经验,证明了本方法的可行性。

城市建筑物消防安全评估

为降低城市建筑物消防安全风险,提高建筑单体抵御火灾事故的能力,从建筑消防设计、建筑消防设施和消防安全管理3方面综合识别消防安全影响因素,构建城市建筑物消防安全评估指标体系;采用信息熵和结构熵组合权重-逼近理想解法(TOPSIS)模型综合评估城市各类建筑及各区域的消防安全风险,并以我国西部X市5大区域262个建筑物加以验证;最后得到消防安全指数和综合排序,进而明晰城市建筑物消防现存的薄弱点。结果表明:消防安全综合评估排序为商业综合体>中小学>文物古建筑>高层建筑,城中>城北>城东>城西>城南,需重点关注高层建筑和城市边缘区县的消防安全风险;用该模型得到的评估结果与现状概况相符。

35kV户外式组合互感器计量异常的分析及处理

组合互感器故障对电力系统的安全运行具有很大危害,同时也会造成电能计量差错。对某35 kV户外组合互感器多次发生过电压导致PT烧毁及高压熔断器熔断进行分析,提出相应有效解决措施,并对差错电量进行追补,保证了电网的安全运行和电能的正确计量。