Design and Implementation of VPDN-based 3G Wireless Meteorological Information Transmission System

[Objective] This study was to construct VPDN-based 3G wireless meteorological information transmission system, in order to achieve the backup transmission of real-time meteorological services in all levels of meteorological stations. [Method] The current situations and business requirements of municipal meteorological networks are analyzed, putting forward the idea of backup routes that using VPDN-based 3G wireless meteorological information transmission system as the ground transmission line. And the network structure, operation mode and the system implementation are described in detail. [Result] VPDN-based 3G wireless meteorological information transmission system realizes the backup of ground line. Compared with the Modem dial-up, it is more stable and with faster transferring speed. With the rapid development of communication technology and computer technology, the information transmission system will be more efficient and stable, and will play a greater role in meteorological information transmission. [Conclusion] With the continuous development of modern meteorology, various types of meteorological data increase, presenting higher demand for the meteorological information transmission system. The established VPND-based 3G wireless meteorological information transmission system of this study provides a solution for backup transmission of real-time meteorological services.

Transmission of Meteorological Information to a Cockpit and Application of ADS-B

Unpredictable meteorological information, especially that endangers flight safety, should be transmitted to a cockpit to make a flight crew obtain meteorological early warning that affects flight safety as soon as possible and adopt countermeasures, thereby avoiding the occurrence of flight safety accidents. At present, there are limited ways of transmitting meteorological information to a cockpit, and the application of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast （ADS-B） is a new way of transmitting meteorological information to a cockpit.

Research on Meteorological Information Transmission Mechanism in the Age of All Media

This paper takes the Fujian Meteorological Service Center as the research objective, and uses the methods of departmental data sharing and network search to study the dissemination mechanism of meteorological information in the whole media era. The result shows that it is of great significance to actively adapt to the characteristics of information dissemination in the all-media era, establish and improve meteorological information service rules and supervision mechanisms, actively explore strong measures to strengthen the monitoring of meteorological services, promptly release authoritative voices, curb the breeding of rumors, regulate the propagation path, and conduct meteorological information dissemination assessment. Finally, this paper proposes the construction of meteorological information dissemination mechanism from five aspects: service quality assessment, introduction of enterprise information filing and credit management system, establishment of authoritative meteorological information sharing channels, formulation of emergency response plans, and vigorous promotion of meteorological popularization. The mechanism provides a theoretical reference for the meteorological department to better adapt to the all-media context and to carry out scientific and effective media-based public opinion information risk management.

Design and Realization of Meteorological Service and Meteorological Information Officer Management Business Platform Based on WebGIS Information Interaction

A meteorological service and meteorological information officer management business platform based on WebGIS information interaction is designed and realized.Firstly,the goals of system construction are introduced,and then the features of the system is analyzed.Finally,the subsystems of the system are studied,such as geographic information subsystem,information officer management subsystem,information release subsystem,information feedback and evaluation subsystem,radar analysis subsystem,time traceback subsystem,integrated display subsystem,etc.

Social Education and Information Technology in China Meteorological Field

This study attempts to characterize the China meteorological administration training hosted by China Meteorological Administration Training Centre （CMATC） and relates it to the current international settings. As a higher education ＆ training organization previously, CMATC has been serving as the national base for higher continued education and on-the-job training in the meteorological field. The main tasks of CMATC are to pro- mote the training for the administrative staff at middle or higher levels in Chinese meteorological departments, such as the novel and high-level tech- nicians, operational backbones and instructors, and compile the meteorological training materials. On the other hand, a remote education ＆ training system of the meteorological division has been formed and largely improved. Additionally, we concluded that it should be a long-term development process for Chinese social education in meteorological field to entirely integrate into the current international settings.

Research and Application of Meteorological Response Measures for Civil Engineering and Data Acquisition System

Meteorological conditions have a very important impact on the development of construction projects.In order to assist project site managers to quickly and accurately deal with the engineering risks brought by meteorological conditions,meteorological risk assessment indicators for civil construction are established based on the actual impact of different meteorological conditions on each sub-project of civil engineering.A meteorological intelligent management system is created,and it will select reasonable countermeasures from the integrated existing database and push them to on-site construction managers based on meteorological risk assessment indicators.Through the pre-set construction log module,the managers can give feedback on the application effect of the pushed measures,and achieve the effect of construction data collection,correction and expansion of the existing database.

Early Warning System of Important Meteorological Disasters in Hunan Province

Based on technologies of GRADS, Delphi, WEB and an SQLServer, distri- bution system for major meteorological disasters early warning information in Hunan Province was established. The system consists of warning tips, early warning for different media and early warning query statistics and the network terminal of the system platform includes a business database server, a message platform database server, a sending server and a receiving terminal. The system enjoys some func- tions, such as examination by different users, on-time updating and effectiveness of flood prevention, construction of excessive warning channel, construction of compre-hensive warning information platform and further improvement of information distribution. The system provides references for prevention and reduction of important me- teorological disasters in Hunan.

The integrated risk assessment and zoning of meteorological disaster in Heilongjiang Province of China

This paper describes studies on the integrated risk assessment and zoning of meteorological disaster in Heilongjiang Province,in northeastern China,by using information-diffusion theory and cluster method with 35 years of summer temperature and precipitation data from 74 meteorological stations from 1971 through 2005.The information-diffusion theory has been used extensively in risk assessment,yet almost no one has done research about risk assessment by information-diffusion theory based on meteorological disaster standards.Some research results are as follows:the risk probability of low temperature and cold damage in the northern region is higher than that in the southern region;the risk probability of general low temperature and cold damage in the southwestern region is the highest;the risk probability of serious low temperature and cold damage in the northern region is the highest,followed by the central and southeast region;the high-risk region of arid disaster in Heilongjiang Province was primarily located in the southwestern,central,and southern parts of the province;the high-intensity arid disaster was located in the south-eastern region;the high-risk region of flood in Heilongjiang Province was primarily located from the southwest and then across the central part to the western part of Heilongjiang Province;the high-intensity flood disasters were located in almost every part of Heilongjiang Province.We can conclude from the integrated meteorological disaster risk zoning that the high-risk region of mete-orological disaster is primarily located in the southern and northern part of the province,the moderate-risk region is distributed in the central southern region and western region,the low-risk region is located in the eastern part,and the light-risk region is located in the central western part of Heilongjiang Province.

Development and Application of Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning Platform for Characteristic Agriculture in Huzhou City Based on GIS

Based on the needs of characteristic agricultural production for meteorological services in Huzhou City,we use C# programming language to develop the meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning platform for characteristic agriculture in Huzhou City. This platform integrates the functions of meteorological and agricultural information monitoring,disaster identification and early warning,fine weather forecast product display,and data query and management,which effectively enhances the capacity of meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning for characteristic agriculture in Huzhou City,and provides strong technical support for the meteorological and agricultural departments in the agricultural meteorological services.

气象基础信息一张图设计和实现

气象基础信息一张图作为气象数据资源与行业间数据融合的应用示范,通过构建时空联动的气象大数据应用基础,解决多源气象数据融合应用服务问题。气象基础信息一张图基于高分辨率气象网格数据空间化处理、长序列海量网格数据任意时空范围检索以及气象数据与三维地形融合服务3项关键技术,实现多源异构时空数据的统一接入、处理、存储、管理和服务。气象基础信息一张图整合基础地理、自然资源、生态环境、社会经济、气象五大数据资源,面向不同气象应用场景,通过动态组合构建专题服务,实现多源数据快速服务和高效应用。气象基础信息一张图为2022年北京冬奥会及冬残奥会的圆满举办等国家重大活动、2021年郑州“7·20”特大暴雨气象预报复盘服务以及气象数据的社会化服务共享提供应用服务保障,在服务“生命安全、生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好”方面提供有效支撑。

基于概率回归和信息扩散理论的南充晚熟柑橘低温冻害指标体系研究

低温冻害是南充市晚熟柑橘的主要灾害,本研究旨在建立一套低温冻害指标体系,以减少南充市晚熟柑橘因低温冻害而造成的损失。通过分析农业部门提供的冻害实验数据和历史灾情记录,并结合国家气象监测站的小时气温数据,在满足特定气候条件(冬季天空无云或少云,日温差大于等于8℃,最低气温小于等于3℃)的基础上,运用概率回归和信息扩散理论方法对低温冻害指标阈值进行研究。结果发现,两个实验果园中气象温度与实测温度的线性回归关系显著,且通过统计检验。具体为当气象温度为西充1.7℃和嘉陵2.6℃时,相应果园的实测温度将至-2℃,开始出现冻害现象。根据目前精细化天气预测能力,研究构建了一个基于两周滑动时段的复合指标阈值体系,该体系包括低温冻害日最长持续时间、总持续时间和总天数3个指标。通过对4个冻害样本的检验,结果显示冻害指标评级与实际观测到的冻害等级高度一致,证明了该冻害指标体系具有较好的实际应用价值。

计算机软件技术在气象信息服务中的应用

现阶段,随着科技的不断发展,计算机软件技术在各个领域得到了广泛应用。对于气象领域,各类计算机软件技术被应用到气象信息服务中,为开展气象服务工作提供了诸多便利。结合我国气象信息服务需求的特点,分析计算机软件技术在气象信息服务中应用的必要性,并且对计算机软件技术气象信息服务中的应用进行重点介绍,以期为气象服务工作的高效开展提供技术支撑。

基于深度学习和时空关联建模的降水数据地形订正方法

【目的】如何基于地形因素对降水数据进行误差订正(简称“地形订正”)是气象大数据研究的一个重要问题。但是,现有的降水数据地形订正方法存在两方面局限性:一是现有方法大多基于数据统计或传统机器学习而设计,未能拓展至特征学习能力更强的深度学习模型;二是现有方法亦未能结合气象数据的时间与空间关联信息以提升订正效果。【方法】提出一种基于深度学习与时空关联建模的降水数据地形订正方法。该方法首先对广东省降水数据和多源地形信息作预处理,结合经纬度进行对齐与编码,以构建相应的数据矩阵。进而结合各个格点的空间和时间邻域下的降水与地形数据进行多源时空信息建模,并结合降采样策略以缓解降水格点与非降水格点的数据不平衡性,最后构建深度神经网络进行回归订正。实验在广东省逾4000个气象观测站点、逾15万气象格点的真实气象数据上进行。【结果】实验结果验证了时空关联建模策略对提升降水订正效果的显著作用以及所提出方法相比于其他对比方法的性能优势。

公众对气象灾害预警信息接收情况及其影响因素——基于全国3911份调查问卷的实证研究

为了更好地了解公众对预警信息的接收情况,确保预警信息内容看得懂,传播准确到位,更好提高公众的危机应对能力。采用问卷法在全国范围内进行随机抽样调查,并对其影响因素进行系统分析和研究。研究结果表明,根据调查样本的年龄段不同,对于是否接收到过预警信息以及预警信息的接收渠道存在较大差异,尤其是60岁以上和18岁以下人群对于预警信息的接收能力较弱;公众对于预警内容通俗易懂程度上的调查表明小学及以下文化程度的人群对预警信息的理解上还存在一定困难,应加强平时的科普宣传以便增强对预警内容的理解;大多数受众人群都认为预警信息或多或少对自身是有一定作用的,占到总人数的99.54%,且有74%的人群认为预警信息非常有用。其中学生和自由职业者等自身防护能力较弱或长期暴露在户外时间较长的人群对预警信息的需求明显高于企事业单位职工和离退休职工等人群。因此在预警信息的传播上对于特定敏感人群的靶向发布就显得尤为重要。

气象服务终端的信息安全防护策略设计

为了应对网络攻击和数据泄露等安全挑战,文中面向气象服务终端设计了一种用于信息安全防护的加密算法。该算法通过动态地引入多个密钥更改来提高微型加密算法的安全特性和加解密速度,确保了气象服务终端数据在传输过程中的安全性。同时,基于该算法设计了一款防灾减灾的气象智能服务平台,以进一步探索气象服务产品的安全防护和系统设计方法。实验结果表明,该算法能够有效保护气象数据资源安全,相比于微型加密算法及其多个变体展现出了更为理想的雪崩效应,能大幅降低算法的加解密时间。

无气象信息条件下基于AGCRN的分布式光伏出力超短期预测方法

针对分布式光伏普遍缺少气象量测装置而导致功率预测精度不足的问题,提出了一种基于自适应图卷积循环网络的分布式光伏出力超短期预测方法,可以在无气象数据的条件下,仅基于历史出力数据实现光伏出力精准预测。首先,分析了光伏出力数据兼具时序性和空间相关性,利用门控循环网络提取时序特征,利用自适应图卷积网络挖掘传统图卷积网络无法捕捉的光伏出力潜在空间相关性。然后,融合门控循环单元和自适应图卷积网络,构建自适应图卷积循环网络以提取多光伏站点出力的时空相关性,并利用注意力机制为不同时刻的时空特征分配权重。最后,通过全连接层输出最终的预测结果。采用某地区屋顶光伏实际出力数据在不同预测时间尺度下比较所提方法与其他方法的预测性能,结果表明,在没有气象数据的情况下,当预测尺度为15、30、60 min时,相比于传统门控循环网络,所提方法的平均绝对误差分别减少了16.9%、19.8%和30.5%。

基于CFAP架构的气象服务系统设计与实现

由浙江省气象局推出的“智慧气象”专业版等App集成了浙江气象现代化、信息化的成果,专业化程度高,受到用户的广泛好评。随着气象服务形式的多样性发展,为了满足分众化的气象服务需求,研发基于CFAP架构的气象服务系统;在延续原App常规功能外,加入基于用户画像的推送式气象服务功能,结合Fisher分类模型与云服务分析系统提出特色气象信息的主动推送服务架构。经实验和应用表明,利用该架构的气象服务系统服务效果更好、针对性更强,为气象服务系统向个性化、智能化的方向发展提供了参考。

基于信息扩散理论的丹东蓝莓成熟期高温日灼风险分析

利用1991—2020年丹东地区4个站点蓝莓成熟期的气象资料,将蓝莓成熟期日最高气温≥32℃持续3d及以上作为高温日灼灾害风险指标,综合考虑频次和持续时间,制定轻度、中度、重度高温日灼灾害风险等级,通过灾害发生次数和站次比分析蓝莓高温日灼灾害风险的变化规律,基于信息扩散理论评估高温日灼灾害风险概率。结果表明,30a间丹东地区蓝莓整个成熟期高温日灼灾害风险影响呈加重趋势,高温日灼发生次数呈现增多趋势,其中凤城地区增多最为显著,高温日灼灾害发生次数倾向率为0.236次/10a(P<0.01)。30a间中熟期发生高温日灼灾害的风险较低,轻度和中度高温日灼灾害的风险概率均在十年一遇以下(≤10%),东港地区未出灾害风险;高温日灼灾害风险主要集中在晚熟期,轻度灾害风险发生概率在接近或十年一遇以上(≥10%)。凤城区是发生高温日灼灾害的高风险区,受灾范围广、频次高、程度重,轻度和重度高温日灼灾害风险发生概率均在十年一遇以上(≥10%)。

美国海军海洋环境信息化保障系统发展研究

美国全球海军战略对其海洋环境信息保障能力提出较高要求,经过多年发展,美国在海洋环境信息化保障系统方面已形成多层级完善的环境信息保障体系,我国海军正在不断走向远洋,海洋环境信息化保障系统同样处于从近海保障逐步转向远海保障的关键阶段。本文对美国海军海洋环境信息化保障系统开展深入研究,为我国相关领域建设提供参考借鉴。

基于网络安全态势感知的四川气象信息网络检测防御技术研究

基于大数据、机器学习等技术,构建四川气象信息网络安全态势感知系统。系统能全局感知网络状态,提高了四川省气象部门网络监控、应急响应能力,为合理决策提供支持。介绍了网络安全态势感知技术,并阐述气象信息网络及其安全防御现状和存在风险,从实践角度出发介绍该系统及其关键技术,并对系统应用进行总结和展望。