Multi-dimensional ambiguity function for subarray-based space-time coding radar

Space-time coding radar has been recently proposed and investigated.It is a radar framework which can perform transmit beamforming at the receiver.However,the range resolution decreases when the number of the transmit element increases.A subarray-based space-time coding(sub-STC)radar is explored to alleviate the range resolution reduction.For the proposed radar configuration,an identical waveform is transmitted and it introduces a small time offset in different subarrays.The multidimensional ambiguity function of sub-STC radar is defined by considering resolutions in multiple domains including the range,Doppler,angle and probing direction.Analyses on properties of the multi-dimensional ambiguity function of the sub-STC radar with regard to the spatial coverage,resolution performance and low sidelobes are also given.Results reveal that the range resolution and low sidelobes performance are improved with the proposed approach.

MULTI-DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRIC BROWNIANMOTIONS, ONSAGER-MACHLUP FUNCTIONS, AND APPLICATIONS TO MATHEMATICAL FINANCE

The solutions of the following bilinear stochastic differential equation are studied [GRAPHICS] where A(t)(k), B-t are (deterministic) continuous matrix-valued functions of t and w(1) (t),..., w(m) (t) are m independent standard Brownian motions. Conditions are given such that the solution is positive if the initial condition is positive. The equation the most probable path must satisfy is also derived and applied to a mathematical finance problem.

Estimation of Money Demand Function of South Korea Considering Regime Switching

The stability of money demand function is an important issue in macroeconomic policy implementation. Money demand of Korean economy was estimated. Cointegration test with time dummy variables results show that there is not only long-run equilibrium relationship between money demand and macroeconomic variables, but also structural breaks in this equilibrium relationships. Least squares, state-space, and Marcov switching methods show that there also has been instability （or regime shifts） of parameters in money demand, especially over 1997 crisis and the early 2000s. This fact implies that monetary policy for stabilization might encounter big problems due to change （instability） of money demand.

Regional Logistics Demand Forecast Based on Least Square and Radial Basis Function

Regional logistics demand forecast is the basis for government departments to make logistics planning and logistics related policies.It has the characteristics of a small amount of data and being nonlinear,so the traditional prediction method can not guarantee the accuracy of prediction.Taking Xiamen City as an example,this paper selects the primary industry,the secondary industry,the tertiary industry,the total amount of investment in fixed assets,total import and export volume,per capita consumption expenditure,and the total retail sales of social consumer goods as the influencing factors,and uses a combining model least square and radial basis function(LS-RBF)neural network to analyze the related data from years 2000 to 2019,so as to predict the logistics demand from years 2020 to 2024.The model can well fit the training data,and the experimental results obtained from the comparison between the predicted value and the actual value in 2019 show that the error rate is very small.Therefore,the prediction results are reasonable and reliable.This method has high prediction accuracy,and it is suitable for irregular regional logistics demand forecast.

Dynamic Analysis of Customer Demand Based on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Number in Product Planning

To address the fuzziness and variability in determining customer demand importance,a dynamic analysis method based on intuitionistic fuzzy numbers is proposed.First,selected customers use intuitionistic fuzzy numbers to represent the importance of each demand.Then,the preference information is aggregated using customer weights and time period weights through the intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted average operator,yielding a dynamic vector of the subjective importance of the demand index.Finally,the feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated through an application example of a vibrating sorting screen.

一种安全的Ad Hoc On-demand路由协议

由于Ad Hoc网络固有的弱点,设计安全、有效的Ad Hoc路由协议是困难的。本文从新的角度设计了一个简单、安全的On-demand路由协议。在路径请求和响应阶段,源节点和目的节点的身份分别被隐藏,只有那些位于目的节点选择的最优路径上的节点可以获得完整的路由信息,从而产生有效的前向和反向路径。同时,一个公开的单向Hash函数可以利用隐藏的路由信息构建单向Hash链用于路由信息的认证,从而不需要预先的共享密钥。在一次路由计算中,只有源节点和目的节点需要进行一次非对称密码运算。

Time-variant fragility analysis of the bridge system considering time-varying dependence among typical component seismic demands

This paper presents a copula technique to develop time-variant seismic fragility curves for corroded bridges at the system level and considers the realistic time-varying dependence among component seismic demands. Based on material deterioration mechanisms and incremental dynamic analysis, the time-evolving seismic demands of components were obtained in the form of marginal probability distributions. The time-varying dependences among bridge components were then captured with the best fitting copula function, which was selected from the commonly used copula classes by the empirical distribution based analysis method. The system time-variant fragility curves at different damage states were developed and the effects of time-varying dependences among components on the bridge system fragility were investigated. The results indicate the time-varying dependence among components significantly affects the time-variant fragility of the bridge system. The copula technique captures the nonlinear dependence among component seismic demands accurately and easily by separating the marginal distributions and the dependence among them.

Functional carbon materials addressing dendrite problems in metal batteries:surface chemistry,multi-dimensional structure engineering,and defects

Metal batteries that directly use active metals as anodes are considered as one of the most promising solutions to achieve the energy upgrade of battery technologies,while their practical application still suffers from dendrite problems.Functional carbon materials(FCMs)have demonstrated their great potential in suppressing metal dendrites benefitting from the multiple merits such as chemical tunability and capability of multi-dimensional structure assembly.Here,we initiate a review to present the recent progress in employing FCMs to deal with dendrite problems.It focuses on the surface chemistry and multi-dimensional carbon material engineering,which systematically overcomes the problems through diverse methods,such as reinforcing desolvation,improving interface compatibility,homogenizing electric field,buffering volume expansion and lattice mismatch.In addition,we also refine the long-standing debate about whether surface defects in FCMs are beneficial to suppress the metal dendrites or not,especially in the non-aqueous electrolyte regime.Finally,the remaining challenges for utilizing FCMs to suppress metal dendrites and the possible solutions are proposed to guide the future development.

Calibration and Evaluation of Link Congestion Functions: Applying Intrinsic Sensitivity of Link Speed as a Practical Consideration to Heterogeneous Facility Types within Urban Network

This paper explores the use of archived data to calibrate volume delay functions (VDFs) and updates their input parameters (capacity and free-flow speed) for planning applications. The sensitivity analysis of speed to change in congestion level is performed to capture functional characteristics of VDFs in modeling specific facility types. Different sensitivity characteristics shown by the VDFs indicate that each function is suitable to a particular facility type. The results of sensitivity analysis are confirmed by the root mean square percent error (RMSPE) values calculated using the Orlando Urban Area Transportation Study (OUATS) model results and observed data. The modified Davidson’s function exhibits remarkable performance in nearly all facility types. The strength of the modified Davidson’s function across a broad range of facilities can be attributed to the flexibility of its tuning parameter, μ. Fitted Bureau of Public Road (BPR) and conical delay functions show lower RMSPE for uninterrupted flow facilities (freeways/expressways, managed lanes) and higher values for toll roads (which might have partial interruptions due to toll booths) and signalized arterials. Akcelik function underperforms on freeways/expressways and managed lanes but shows some improvements for toll roads and superior results for the signalized arterials. This was a desired strength of Akcelik function when modeling link travel speed on facilities where stopped delays were encountered.

Sensitivity analysis method for increasing the passenger demands of parking and riding

Focused on finding out the relationship between passenger demands of P&R and its influencing factors, a nested-logit mode choice model was developed based on the characteristic of different modes and transfer rules. The utility functions were given respectively according to the characteristic of each alternative. Passenger demands of different modes between O-D pairs were obtained by making use of the binary logit model. Then an equilibrium model for different modes was proposed. Under this condition, the approximate relationship between passenger demands of different modes and their characteristic indexes was modeled by the sensitivity analysis method. Shift volume among different modes was achieved by utilizing this model when their characteristic indexes were changed. A case study indicates that the model and algorithm presented in this paper are effective.

Impact of Vocal Fold Dehydration on Vocal Function and Its Treatment

The change of vocal flinction after vocal fold dehydration due to dryness was discussed along with the treatment eHect of different atomizing agents.Forty-eight staffs from The Central Hospital of Wuhan were recniited.All volunteers breathed dry air for vocal fold dehydration.After dry air inhalation,the subjects were randomly divided into four groups,with 12 cases each.Three groups were treatment groups,receiving 0.9%nonnal saline(IS),5%hypertonic saline(HS)and double-distilled water(SW)atomizing inhalation therapy,respectively,and the last group was the control group without treatment.Voice data were collected for all subjects before and immediately after dry air inhalation using the Multi-Dimensional Voice Program(MDVP)system.Atomizing inhalation therapy was given 10 min after dry air inhalation,and voice data were collected using MDVP system at the following time points after atomizing inhalation treatment:5 min,20 min,35 min,50 min,65 min,80 min,95 min,110 min.In the control group,voice data were collected at the same time points and compared with those of treatment groups.The vocal function parameters collected before and after dry air inhalation as well as after treatment were subjected to test using SPSS 16.0 software.In the four groups,jitter(fundamental frequency perturbation),shimmer(amplitude perturbation),and amplitude perturbation quotient(APQ)were significantly increased after dry air inhalation(P<0.05).In IS,HS and SW groups,after atomizing inhalation treatment,there was an obvious reduction in jitter,shimmer and APQ,showing significant differences as compared with those after dry air inhalation(P<0.05).Moreover,these parameters were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The jitter,shimmer and APQ in the IS group were significantly lower than those in the HS and SW groups(P<0.05).We are led to a con elusion:Vocal fold dehydration induced by dryness can reduce the stability of voice;such decreased voice stability can be improved by atomizing inhalation therapy;without proper treatment,voice stability caused by vocal fold dehydration cannot heal spontaneously;of three atomizing agents namely,IS,HS and SW,IS had the best treatment effect for decreased voice stability caused by vocal fold dehydration.

Testing for Sources of Irreversible Consumer Demand

The existence of irreversible demand is tested, whereby price increases induce a different absolute magnitude of quantity change than price decreases. Irreversibility is potentially likely in retail food settings for storable products that are consumed regularly and can affect pricing strategy performance. If irreversibility exists, the subsequent research question for storable product demand is whether loss aversion effects dominate stockpiling effects, or vice versa. A two-period theoretical model is developed, which predicts more elastic responses to downward price movements via stockpiling, but empirical tests on secondary data are needed to evaluate offsetting loss aversion effects. A variant of the Rotterdam demand model is developed to allow differential response to price increases and decreases. The model is applied to scanner data of short periodicity （weekly in this case）, which are necessary to measure meaningful demand responses to food price changes. The products selected are U.S. cheeses and table spreads that are storable over multiple weeks. The results suggest that stockpiling dominates loss aversion. One potential cause of this behavior may be that marketers asymmetrically provide consumers with more reference price information when lowering prices, but not when raising prices. When stockpiling effects dominate, given the typically price-elastic store-level demand for food products, high-low pricing strategies should produce higher revenue. Regarding measurement of average demand response, reversible demand models applied to weekly data may overestimate own-price elasticities.

Inventory Management and Demand Forecasting Improvement of a Forecasting Model Based on Artificial Neural Networks

Forecasting is predicting or estimating a future event or trend.Supply chains have been constantly growing in most countries ever since the industrial revolution of the 18th century.As the competitiveness between supply chains intensifies day by day,companies are shifting their focus to predictive analytics techniques to minimize costs and boost productivity and profits.Excessive inventory(overstock)and stock outs are very significant issues for suppliers.Excessive inventory levels can lead to loss of revenue because the company's capital is tied up in excess inventory.Excess inventory can also lead to increased storage,insurance costs and labor as well as lower and degraded quality based on the nature of the product.Shortages or out of stock can lead to lost sales and a decline in customer contentment and loyalty to the store.If clients are unable to find the right products on the shelves,they may switch to another vendor or purchase alternative items.Demand forecasting is valuable for planning,scheduling and improving the coordination of all supply chain activities.This paper discusses the use of neural networks for seasonal time series forecasting.Our objective is to evaluate the contribution of the correct choice of the transfer function by proposing a new form of the transfer function to improve the quality of the forecast.

城市更新内容及支撑技术体系研究

基于构建人民美好生活的建设目标,将城市更新概念拓展为动态开放的城市硬件设施、软环境、智慧管理与服务系统4方面,并进行全面打造。基于马斯洛需求层次理论,进行城市供给需求分析,将城市功能划分为基本生活类供给、社区管理与物业服务、日常生活质量提高服务、个人价值实现需求服务、可持续发展服务5大类,并梳理各自对应的具体需求内容。提出城市更新活动6大内容模块,即配套政策制定、城市更新所需技术梳理与研发、城区针对性功能分析与规划设计、城市功能完善与发展所需空间的开发与优化配置、城市全功能环境优化、可持续发展与智慧化管理体系构建。建立城市更新支撑技术体系,即工程建设、便利生活设施、装饰装修与艺术人文、环保节能、智能化管理、未来可发展性,并简析其包含的50项技术成熟度和应用发展前景。

肌醇需求酶1信号通路在自噬改善大鼠冠心病心肌缺血损伤中的作用

目的:基于探讨肌醇需求酶1(IRE1)信号通路在自噬改善大鼠冠心病心肌缺血损伤中的作用。方法:将H9c2细胞分为对照组、IRE1组、缺氧缺糖(OGD)/复氧(OGD/R)组、OGD/R+IRE1组、氯喹组、IRE1+氯喹组、OGD/R+氯喹组、OGD/R+IRE1+氯喹组、OGD组、OGD+氯喹组、OGD/R+IRE1+敲低X盒结合蛋白1(si-XBP1)组、OGD/R+IRE1+过表达X盒结合蛋白1(XBP1-OE)组。通过自噬双标腺病毒(Adv-RFP-GFP-LC3)评估各组细胞的自噬通量。通过免疫荧光和免疫印迹分析X盒结合蛋白1(XBP1)的核转位。另将32只成年雄性C57BL/6 J小鼠随机分为假手术组、缺血/再灌注(I/R)组、IRE1组和I/R+IRE1组,每组8只。通过超声心动图评估大鼠心功能。通过定量免疫印迹分析自噬相关蛋白。结果:(1)细胞试验:与OGD/R组比,OGD/R+IRE1组H9c2细胞中IRE1蛋白表达水平显著增加(P<0.001),微管相关蛋白轻链3蛋白Ⅱ(LC3Ⅱ)和泛素结合蛋白(p62)蛋白表达均显著降低(P均<0.05)。与OGD/R+氯喹组比,OGD/R+IRE1+氯喹组H9c2细胞中LC3Ⅱ和p62蛋白表达均显著增加(P均<0.05)。与对照组比,OGD/R组H9c2细胞中IRE1细胞核/细胞质荧光强度比显著增加(P<0.001);与OGD/R组比,OGD/R+IRE1组IRE1细胞核/细胞质荧光强度增加(P<0.001)。与OGD/R组比,OGD/R+IRE1组核蛋白中的XBP1水平增加(P<0.05)。与OGD/R+IRE1组比,OGD/R+IRE1+si-XBP1组黄色点状体显著减少(P<0.01),OGD/R+IRE1+XBP1-OE组黄色点状体显著增加(P<0.05)。(2)大鼠体内实验:与假手术组比,I/R组左心室射血分数和短轴缩短率均显著降低(P均<0.05)。与I/R组比,I/R+IRE1组心功能障碍改善(P均<0.05)。与假手术组比,I/R组心肌自噬空泡的数量、IRE1、LC3Ⅱ和p62表达均显著增加(P均<0.05)。与I/R组比,I/R+IRE1组心肌自噬空泡的数量、p62表达均显著降低(P均<0.05),心肌组织中IRE1、LC3Ⅱ的表达均增加(P均<0.05)。结论:IRE1通过促进XBP1的核转位恢复了OGD/R和I/R诱导的自噬通量阻断,自噬通量的恢复有助于保护心功能。

数字经济与品牌投资融合发展探析

当今世界正在经历一场大范围、深层次的由数字技术带来的社会经济革命,数字经济发展成了一个全新的经济类型。产品如何在市场中脱颖而出,关键问题在于有效的价值定位和独特的销售点,品牌独有的外溢效应赋予产品附加价值,数字经济以其独特优势为产品提供新平台、新模式。通过品牌投资数字化、研发创新推动品牌建设、云数据结构化调整,以及需求与服务业深度融合等措施,可以发挥数字经济与品牌投资的协同效应,互相促进、互相影响,带动市场经济发展。

新常态下海洋经济新旧动能转换测评与影响因素分析

海洋经济新旧动能转换是坚持新发展理念、深化海洋供给侧结构性改革、推动海洋经济转型升级的重要标志,对实现海洋经济高质量发展有重要意义。基于海洋经济新旧动能转换内涵与机理,从需求侧、供给侧、结构转换动能三个维度构建综合评价指标体系;运用主客观赋权法、TOPSIS模型和核密度估计,对中国2006—2020年海洋经济新旧动能转换进行测算与评价;引入GWR模型探讨中国沿海11个省份各影响因素的空间异质性。结果表明,中国海洋经济新旧动能转换综合指数总体呈现波动上升趋势。其中,结构转换动能提升最为显著,需求侧动能总体呈波动上升态势,供给侧动能转换指数整体发展水平不高,对海洋经济新旧动能转换贡献力度较小;2006—2020年,中国海洋经济新旧动能转换指数差异呈先缩小后扩大继而再缩小的变化过程;陆域经济发展水平、海洋产业结构水平、海洋科技创新水平对海洋经济动能转换的提升起正向作用,各因素影响效应具有空间异质性。

面向光电材料专业创新需求的课程教学模式探索——以“薄膜材料技术与物理”课程为例

为给半导体行业国产装备的替代研发、攸关国家战略安全的关键“卡脖子”技术突破提供人才储备,按照卓越创新人才培养目标,根据学科特色,通过与专业知识有机结合,调整教学内容,改进教学方法,培养学生的思维能力和应用能力,培养满足光电功能与信息材料类学科创新需求的卓越人才。通过教学改革,建立完整的,符合高端化、国际化、工程化培养要求的,适合光电功能与信息材料类学科创新需求的课程教学模式。改革成果将对光电功能与信息材料类专业的其他专业基础课程以及其他高校光电功能与信息材料类专业的教学改革具有重要的参考价值。

游客需求导向下的酒店功能改进及组织重构

酒店功能与组织是保障酒店能够服务游客并满足需求的核心要素,需要从游客需求视角研究酒店功能与组织。以游客投诉代表游客需求,以之分析酒店功能与组织是研究三者相互关系的可行方法。与游客需求相适应,酒店应具有三层次功能:基础功能、拓展功能与创新功能。三层次功能需要酒店组织重构,需要成立专门的部门或机构来承担拓展功能与创新功能,如综合服务部、业务创新部等,以保证三层次功能的实现。酒店三层次功能及组织设计有益于酒店打造特色、提高市场竞争力。

面向物流需求场景的智慧公路功能设计

推动智慧公路建设是提升交通安全与服务水平、提高通行效率的重要手段之一。本文梳理了中国智慧公路功能设计方面的研究现状,分类汇总了中国智慧公路现有功能及相关应用案例。同时,基于高速公路和城市道路的行车、停车场景以及政府行业监管需求,总结了中国公路物流行业运营痛点和需求场景,提出了面向物流场景需求的智慧公路功能设计思路,为中国智慧公路建设提供了新的理论参考和设计思路。