The purpose of this study is to verify the physiological effect and describe the intensity of training in response to internal and external loads,through Session Rate of Perceived Exertion and Speed High Intensity Dis...The purpose of this study is to verify the physiological effect and describe the intensity of training in response to internal and external loads,through Session Rate of Perceived Exertion and Speed High Intensity Distance in Meters reports,on professional soccer players engaged in weekly training(199 Sessions,43 weeks)and league games(32 official matches).Twenty-two male professional soccer players(n=22)of the Italian national championship under-19 are involved in this study during the season 2014-2015.Daily,Weekly and Monthly RPE(perceived exertion)Session(Borg CR-10 Scale)is a good indicator of the amount of work done:training time multiplied by perceived effort(TL=Training Time×RPE).With Arbitrary units(a.u.)produced by the individual and used for team-based data analysis,we analyze the intensity produced by workout depending on the working time.Furthermore,by means of global positioning system technology(K-Sport,Montelabbate PU,Italy 10 Hz),we statistically established the existing relationship with high intensity speed distance(>16 km/h)and session rate of perceived exertion to describe how the internal(represented by the sum of the stresses that the body undergoes an external load;is strictly subjective)and external loads(the objective quantification of the means used in training km routes,running speed,slope,type of recovery),are correlated(r=0.87,p<0.01,95%CI).The statistical analysis highlights how these methods are suitable to quantifying the high-intensity work done by the soccer player during the workout and the game.展开更多
This paper aims to determine the load bearing capacity of pre-stressed expandable props with different geometries and load eccentricities for flexible support in underground mining or excavation.It is deduced that the...This paper aims to determine the load bearing capacity of pre-stressed expandable props with different geometries and load eccentricities for flexible support in underground mining or excavation.It is deduced that the expandable device could have much higher strength(>89 MPa)by laboratory tests,and the load bearing capacity of the expandable prop may depend on the stability of the supporting steel pipe structure.A good agreement was found between the laboratory test and numerical results in terms of the load bearing capacity and the final macro-bending failure pattern for expandable props with heights of 1.5 and 2.7 m,and the theoretical calculation for the strength of traditional steel structures is not directly suitable for the expandable props.Moreover,additional numerical simulations were performed for the expandable props with different normalized slenderness ratiosλ_(n)and loading eccentric distances e.The variation of stability coefficient of the expandable prop is in line with the Perry-Robertson equation and its correlation coefficients are fitted as a of 0.979 and b of 0.314.For estimating the load bearing capacity of the expandable props,the strength equation for traditional steel structures is improved by introducing a bending magnification factor and by modifying the normalized slenderness ratio to a converted slenderness ratio.Based on the underground field monitoring for the strength of expandable props with different heights,the empirical eccentric distances were back calculated,and a safety factor is introduced to obtain the designed strength of the expandable prop.In addition,a four-step design procedure is proposed for the expandable prop.展开更多
The braking quality is considered the main execution of the adaptive control framework that impacts the vehicle safety and rides solace astoundingly notably the stopping distance.This research work aims to create a pa...The braking quality is considered the main execution of the adaptive control framework that impacts the vehicle safety and rides solace astoundingly notably the stopping distance.This research work aims to create a pattern and design of an electromechanically adjusted lever that multiplies the applied braking force depending on the inputs given by the sensors to reduce the stopping distance of the vehicle.It is carried out using two main parts of the two-wheeler vehicle:thefirst part deals with the detection of load acting on the vehicle and identifying the required braking force to be applied,and the second part deals with the micro-controller which activates the stepper motor for varying the mechanical leverage ratio from various loads on the vehicle using two actively movable wedges.The electromechanically operated variable braking force system is developed to actuate the braking system based on the load on the motorcycle.The MATLAB simulation and experimental work are carried out for various loading(driver and pillion)conditions on a two-wheeler.The results indicate that the proposed electronically operated braking system is more effective than the conventional braking system for various loads and vehicle speeds.Specifically,the stopping distance of the vehicle is decreased significantly by about 4.9%between the con-ventional braking system and the simulated proposed system.Further,the experi-mental results show that the stopping distance is condensed by about 4.1%.The validation between simulated and experimental results revealed a great deal with the least error percentage of about 0.8%.展开更多
近年来,随着人工智能领域技术的不断发展,人机交互领域吸引了更多学者的关注。研究表明由脑电图(electroencephalogram,EEG)提取的特征功率谱密度对于脑力负荷的变化比较敏感,但由于其维数过高,容易造成数据灾难。局部线性嵌入(locally ...近年来,随着人工智能领域技术的不断发展,人机交互领域吸引了更多学者的关注。研究表明由脑电图(electroencephalogram,EEG)提取的特征功率谱密度对于脑力负荷的变化比较敏感,但由于其维数过高,容易造成数据灾难。局部线性嵌入(locally linear embedding,LLE)是常用的非线性降维算法,该算法弥补了传统线性降维算法无法发现数据中非线性结构关系的不足。由于不同数据集中样本分布的稀疏程度和扭曲程度不同,在使用LLE对不同数据集进行降维时的最佳邻域参数也不同。利用样本点之间的欧氏距离和测地距离的关系量化了数据集的扭曲程度,自适应邻域参数的局部线性嵌入算法(variable k-locally linear embedding,VK-LLE)动态地调整每一个数据集的最佳邻域参数,解决了样本分布扭曲程度不同对降维效果造成的干扰。实验结果表明,经过VK-LLE降维后的数据使用支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)分类精度普遍高于经过传统LLE的降维后再使用SVM分类的精度,对复杂数据集有更强的适应能力。展开更多
The constant panel method within the framework of potential flow theory in the time domain is developed for solving the hydrodynamic interactions between two parallel ships with forward speed.When solving problems wit...The constant panel method within the framework of potential flow theory in the time domain is developed for solving the hydrodynamic interactions between two parallel ships with forward speed.When solving problems within a time domain framework,the free water surface needs to simultaneously satisfy both the kinematic and dynamic boundary conditions of the free water surface.This provides conditions for adding artificial damping layers.Using the Runge−Kutta method to solve equations related to time.An upwind differential scheme is used in the present method to deal with the convection terms on the free surface to prevent waves upstream.Through the comparison with the available experimental data and other numerical methods,the present method is proved to have good mesh convergence,and satisfactory results can be obtained.The constant panel method is applied to calculate the hydrodynamic interaction responses of two parallel ships advancing in head waves.Numerical simulations are conducted on the effects of forward speed,different longitudinal and lateral distances on the motion response of two modified Wigley ships in head waves.Then further investigations are conducted on the effects of different ship types on the motion response.展开更多
要为明确高密度互通立交行驶环境下,主线车流量对出入口区段驾驶人精神负荷间的影响,在重庆市内环快速路高密度互通立交群进行自然驾驶实车试验,使用Physiolab生理检测仪连续采集驾驶人在行驶过程中的心电数据,用于统计各驾驶人的心率...要为明确高密度互通立交行驶环境下,主线车流量对出入口区段驾驶人精神负荷间的影响,在重庆市内环快速路高密度互通立交群进行自然驾驶实车试验,使用Physiolab生理检测仪连续采集驾驶人在行驶过程中的心电数据,用于统计各驾驶人的心率指标变化情况。本次试验基于主成分分析法选择心率变异率指标RMSSD(root mean square of successive differences)、LFnorm(low frequency norm)、HFnorm(high frequency norm)、LF(low frequency)/HF(high frequency)以及心率突变率指标HRMR(heat ratemutation rate)作为驾驶人精神负荷的评价指标,记为主成分F 1和主成分F 2,并建立评价模型。结果表明:驾驶人在小净距立交出入口区段行驶时,立交主线车流量的大小会影响驾驶人的精神负荷;当驾驶人驶入立交主线时,三次模型对入口段车流量与主成分F 2的拟合效果最好,呈开口向上的三次曲线,曲线谷值点出现在2级流量水平处,模型显著;当驾驶人驶出立交主线时,一次线性模型对出口段车流量与主成分F 1的拟合效果最好,模型显著。展开更多
建设智能教育平台是推动教育智能化的一个重要过程,但智能教育平台依赖的人工智能模型在训练过程中会消耗大量电力,因此,开展短期电力负荷预测对建设智能教育平台具有重要意义.针对在考虑多个属性开展短期电力负荷预测时,由于部分属性...建设智能教育平台是推动教育智能化的一个重要过程,但智能教育平台依赖的人工智能模型在训练过程中会消耗大量电力,因此,开展短期电力负荷预测对建设智能教育平台具有重要意义.针对在考虑多个属性开展短期电力负荷预测时,由于部分属性与电力负荷数据的相关性不强并且Transformer无法捕捉电力负荷数据的时间相关性,而导致电力负荷预测不够准确的问题,基于SR(Székely and Rizzo)距离相关系数、融合时间定位编码和Transformer,提出了一种短期电力负荷预测模型SF-Transformer.SF-Transformer通过SR距离相关系数对影响电力负荷数据的属性进行筛选,选择与电力负荷数据之间SR距离相关系数较大的属性.SF-Transformer采用一种全局时间编码与局部位置编码相结合的融合时间定位编码,有助于模型全面获取电力负荷数据的时间定位信息.在数据集上开展了实验,实验结果表明SF-Transformer与其他模型相比,在两种时长上进行电力负荷预测具有更低的均方根误差和平均绝对误差.展开更多
文摘The purpose of this study is to verify the physiological effect and describe the intensity of training in response to internal and external loads,through Session Rate of Perceived Exertion and Speed High Intensity Distance in Meters reports,on professional soccer players engaged in weekly training(199 Sessions,43 weeks)and league games(32 official matches).Twenty-two male professional soccer players(n=22)of the Italian national championship under-19 are involved in this study during the season 2014-2015.Daily,Weekly and Monthly RPE(perceived exertion)Session(Borg CR-10 Scale)is a good indicator of the amount of work done:training time multiplied by perceived effort(TL=Training Time×RPE).With Arbitrary units(a.u.)produced by the individual and used for team-based data analysis,we analyze the intensity produced by workout depending on the working time.Furthermore,by means of global positioning system technology(K-Sport,Montelabbate PU,Italy 10 Hz),we statistically established the existing relationship with high intensity speed distance(>16 km/h)and session rate of perceived exertion to describe how the internal(represented by the sum of the stresses that the body undergoes an external load;is strictly subjective)and external loads(the objective quantification of the means used in training km routes,running speed,slope,type of recovery),are correlated(r=0.87,p<0.01,95%CI).The statistical analysis highlights how these methods are suitable to quantifying the high-intensity work done by the soccer player during the workout and the game.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2903804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52004054,52274115,51874068 and 52074062).
文摘This paper aims to determine the load bearing capacity of pre-stressed expandable props with different geometries and load eccentricities for flexible support in underground mining or excavation.It is deduced that the expandable device could have much higher strength(>89 MPa)by laboratory tests,and the load bearing capacity of the expandable prop may depend on the stability of the supporting steel pipe structure.A good agreement was found between the laboratory test and numerical results in terms of the load bearing capacity and the final macro-bending failure pattern for expandable props with heights of 1.5 and 2.7 m,and the theoretical calculation for the strength of traditional steel structures is not directly suitable for the expandable props.Moreover,additional numerical simulations were performed for the expandable props with different normalized slenderness ratiosλ_(n)and loading eccentric distances e.The variation of stability coefficient of the expandable prop is in line with the Perry-Robertson equation and its correlation coefficients are fitted as a of 0.979 and b of 0.314.For estimating the load bearing capacity of the expandable props,the strength equation for traditional steel structures is improved by introducing a bending magnification factor and by modifying the normalized slenderness ratio to a converted slenderness ratio.Based on the underground field monitoring for the strength of expandable props with different heights,the empirical eccentric distances were back calculated,and a safety factor is introduced to obtain the designed strength of the expandable prop.In addition,a four-step design procedure is proposed for the expandable prop.
文摘The braking quality is considered the main execution of the adaptive control framework that impacts the vehicle safety and rides solace astoundingly notably the stopping distance.This research work aims to create a pattern and design of an electromechanically adjusted lever that multiplies the applied braking force depending on the inputs given by the sensors to reduce the stopping distance of the vehicle.It is carried out using two main parts of the two-wheeler vehicle:thefirst part deals with the detection of load acting on the vehicle and identifying the required braking force to be applied,and the second part deals with the micro-controller which activates the stepper motor for varying the mechanical leverage ratio from various loads on the vehicle using two actively movable wedges.The electromechanically operated variable braking force system is developed to actuate the braking system based on the load on the motorcycle.The MATLAB simulation and experimental work are carried out for various loading(driver and pillion)conditions on a two-wheeler.The results indicate that the proposed electronically operated braking system is more effective than the conventional braking system for various loads and vehicle speeds.Specifically,the stopping distance of the vehicle is decreased significantly by about 4.9%between the con-ventional braking system and the simulated proposed system.Further,the experi-mental results show that the stopping distance is condensed by about 4.1%.The validation between simulated and experimental results revealed a great deal with the least error percentage of about 0.8%.
文摘近年来,随着人工智能领域技术的不断发展,人机交互领域吸引了更多学者的关注。研究表明由脑电图(electroencephalogram,EEG)提取的特征功率谱密度对于脑力负荷的变化比较敏感,但由于其维数过高,容易造成数据灾难。局部线性嵌入(locally linear embedding,LLE)是常用的非线性降维算法,该算法弥补了传统线性降维算法无法发现数据中非线性结构关系的不足。由于不同数据集中样本分布的稀疏程度和扭曲程度不同,在使用LLE对不同数据集进行降维时的最佳邻域参数也不同。利用样本点之间的欧氏距离和测地距离的关系量化了数据集的扭曲程度,自适应邻域参数的局部线性嵌入算法(variable k-locally linear embedding,VK-LLE)动态地调整每一个数据集的最佳邻域参数,解决了样本分布扭曲程度不同对降维效果造成的干扰。实验结果表明,经过VK-LLE降维后的数据使用支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)分类精度普遍高于经过传统LLE的降维后再使用SVM分类的精度,对复杂数据集有更强的适应能力。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52271278 and 52111530137)the Natural Science Found of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20221389)the Newton Advanced Fellowships(Grant No.NAF\R1\180304)by the Royal Society.
文摘The constant panel method within the framework of potential flow theory in the time domain is developed for solving the hydrodynamic interactions between two parallel ships with forward speed.When solving problems within a time domain framework,the free water surface needs to simultaneously satisfy both the kinematic and dynamic boundary conditions of the free water surface.This provides conditions for adding artificial damping layers.Using the Runge−Kutta method to solve equations related to time.An upwind differential scheme is used in the present method to deal with the convection terms on the free surface to prevent waves upstream.Through the comparison with the available experimental data and other numerical methods,the present method is proved to have good mesh convergence,and satisfactory results can be obtained.The constant panel method is applied to calculate the hydrodynamic interaction responses of two parallel ships advancing in head waves.Numerical simulations are conducted on the effects of forward speed,different longitudinal and lateral distances on the motion response of two modified Wigley ships in head waves.Then further investigations are conducted on the effects of different ship types on the motion response.
文摘要为明确高密度互通立交行驶环境下,主线车流量对出入口区段驾驶人精神负荷间的影响,在重庆市内环快速路高密度互通立交群进行自然驾驶实车试验,使用Physiolab生理检测仪连续采集驾驶人在行驶过程中的心电数据,用于统计各驾驶人的心率指标变化情况。本次试验基于主成分分析法选择心率变异率指标RMSSD(root mean square of successive differences)、LFnorm(low frequency norm)、HFnorm(high frequency norm)、LF(low frequency)/HF(high frequency)以及心率突变率指标HRMR(heat ratemutation rate)作为驾驶人精神负荷的评价指标,记为主成分F 1和主成分F 2,并建立评价模型。结果表明:驾驶人在小净距立交出入口区段行驶时,立交主线车流量的大小会影响驾驶人的精神负荷;当驾驶人驶入立交主线时,三次模型对入口段车流量与主成分F 2的拟合效果最好,呈开口向上的三次曲线,曲线谷值点出现在2级流量水平处,模型显著;当驾驶人驶出立交主线时,一次线性模型对出口段车流量与主成分F 1的拟合效果最好,模型显著。
文摘建设智能教育平台是推动教育智能化的一个重要过程,但智能教育平台依赖的人工智能模型在训练过程中会消耗大量电力,因此,开展短期电力负荷预测对建设智能教育平台具有重要意义.针对在考虑多个属性开展短期电力负荷预测时,由于部分属性与电力负荷数据的相关性不强并且Transformer无法捕捉电力负荷数据的时间相关性,而导致电力负荷预测不够准确的问题,基于SR(Székely and Rizzo)距离相关系数、融合时间定位编码和Transformer,提出了一种短期电力负荷预测模型SF-Transformer.SF-Transformer通过SR距离相关系数对影响电力负荷数据的属性进行筛选,选择与电力负荷数据之间SR距离相关系数较大的属性.SF-Transformer采用一种全局时间编码与局部位置编码相结合的融合时间定位编码,有助于模型全面获取电力负荷数据的时间定位信息.在数据集上开展了实验,实验结果表明SF-Transformer与其他模型相比,在两种时长上进行电力负荷预测具有更低的均方根误差和平均绝对误差.