Clinical Value of the Quantitative Flow Ratio to Predict Long-term Target Vessel Failure in Patients with In-stent Restenosis after Drug-coated Balloon Angioplasty

Objective The study sought to investigate the clinical predictive value of quantitative flow ratio(QFR)for the long-term target vessel failure(TVF)outcome in patients with in-stent restenosis(ISR)by using drug-coated balloon(DCB)treatment after a long-term follow-up.Methods This was a retrospective study.A total of 186 patients who underwent DCB angioplasty for ISR in two hospitals from March 2014 to September 2019 were enrolled.The QFR of the entire target vessel was measured offline.The primary endpoint was TVF,including target vessel-cardiac death(TV-CD),target vessel-myocardial infarction(TV-MI),and clinically driven-target vessel revascularization(CD-TVR).Results The follow-up time was 3.09±1.53 years,and 50 patients had TVF.The QFR immediately after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)was significantly lower in the TVF group than in the no-TVF group.Multivariable Cox regression analysis indicated that the QFR immediately after PCI was an excellent predictor for TVF after the long-term follow-up[hazard ratio(HR):5.15×10−5(6.13×10−8−0.043);P<0.01].Receiver-operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis demonstrated that the optimal cut-off value of the QFR immediately after PCI for predicting the long-term TVF was 0.925(area under the curve:0.886,95%confidence interval:0.834–0.938;sensitivity:83.40%,specificity:88.00;P<0.01).In addition,QFR≤0.925 post-PCI was strongly correlated with the TVF,including TV-MI and CD-TVR(P<0.01).Conclusion The QFR immediately after PCI showed a high predictive value of TVF after a long-term follow-up in ISR patients who underwent DCB angioplasty.A lower QFR immediately after PCI was associated with a worse TVF outcome.

Analysis of the Flow Field and Impact Force in High-Pressure Water Descaling

This study aims to improve the performances of the high-pressure water descaling technology used in steel hot rolling processes.In particular,a 2050 mm hot rolling line is considered,and the problem is investigated by means of a fluid–structure interaction(FSI)method by which the descaling effect produced by rolling coils with different section sizes is examined.Assuming a flat fan-shaped nozzle at the entrance of the R1R2 roughing mill,the outflow field characteristics and the velocity distribution curve on the strike line(at a target distance of 30–120 mm)are determined.It is found that the velocity in the center region of the water jet with different target distances is higher than that in the boundary region.As the target distance increases,the velocity of the water jet in the central region decreases.Through comparison with experimental results,it is shown that the simulation model can accurately predict the impact position of the high-pressure water on the impact plate,thereby providing a computational scheme that can be used to optimize the nozzle space layout and improve the slabs’descent effect for different rolling specifications.

A Normalizing Flow-Based Bidirectional Mapping Residual Network for Unsupervised Defect Detection

Unsupervised methods based on density representation have shown their abilities in anomaly detection,but detection performance still needs to be improved.Specifically,approaches using normalizing flows can accurately evaluate sample distributions,mapping normal features to the normal distribution and anomalous features outside it.Consequently,this paper proposes a Normalizing Flow-based Bidirectional Mapping Residual Network(NF-BMR).It utilizes pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)and normalizing flows to construct discriminative source and target domain feature spaces.Additionally,to better learn feature information in both domain spaces,we propose the Bidirectional Mapping Residual Network(BMR),which maps sample features to these two spaces for anomaly detection.The two detection spaces effectively complement each other’s deficiencies and provide a comprehensive feature evaluation from two perspectives,which leads to the improvement of detection performance.Comparative experimental results on the MVTec AD and DAGM datasets against the Bidirectional Pre-trained Feature Mapping Network(B-PFM)and other state-of-the-art methods demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves superior performance.On the MVTec AD dataset,NF-BMR achieves an average AUROC of 98.7%for all 15 categories.Especially,it achieves 100%optimal detection performance in five categories.On the DAGM dataset,the average AUROC across ten categories is 98.7%,which is very close to supervised methods.

A multi-directional controllable multi-scroll conservative chaos generator:Modelling,analysis,and FPGA implementation

Combing with the generalized Hamiltonian system theory,by introducing a special form of sinusoidal function,a class of n-dimensional(n=1,2,3)controllable multi-scroll conservative chaos with complicated dynamics is constructed.The dynamics characteristics including bifurcation behavior and coexistence of the system are analyzed in detail,the latter reveals abundant coexisting flows.Furthermore,the proposed system passes the NIST tests and has been implemented physically by FPGA.Compared to the multi-scroll dissipative chaos,the experimental portraits of the proposed system show better ergodicity,which have potential application value in secure communication and image encryption.

Flow Field and Thermal Analysis of the Divertor Target Plate for HL-2A Tokamak

In the initial phase of the physics experiment, the double-null divertor plates used consist of graphite armor tiles, Mo-alloy intermediate layers and Cu-alloy coolant tubes. In the later operating phase, tungsten will be used as armor tiles. A multi-physical field numerical analysis method is used in this paper. Its analysis model reflects more realistically the real divertor structure than other models. Two-dimensional （2D） and three-dimensional （3D） fluid flow field, temperature distribution and thermal stress analyses of the divertor plates are carried out by the ANSYS code. During the physics experimental phase with a heat flux of 1 MW/m2, a coolant velocity of 5.48 m/s, and a thermal stress of 750 kg/cm2, the graphite armor tiles successfully meet the requirements of temperature, thermal stress and sputtering erosion. The tungsten armor will be considered as a second candidate. The result of simulation can be used for upgrading the design parameters of the HL-2A poloidal divertor.

The law of anti-VCAM-1 targeted microbubbles adhesion to activated endothelial cells under controlled shear flow

Microbubbles can enhance the detection in noninvasive ultrasound imaging.Recently,targeted microbubbles have been developed to selectively adhere to specific and overexpressed p molecules in endothelial cells in some pathologic conditions.However,the law of

5-7 Geometrical Research on the Flow Rate of the Gravity-driven Dense Granular Flow Target

Following previous designs such as plate targets, rod targets, rotating targets and liquid metal targets, the gravity-driven dense granular-flow target (DGT), which combines the advantages of solid and liquid metal targets,becomes a new attractive choice[1]. The geometry of DGT consists of a cylindrical hopper and an internal coaxial cylindrical beam pipe as shown in Fig. 1. Using discrete element method (DEM) simulations on GPUs, we research into the relations of the flow rate with the geometrical parameters.

基于视频的振动测量技术研究进展

振动测量是保障结构安全和良好状态的基本手段。高精度的振动测量可为结构设计、安装调试、健康管理等振动试验提供精确的输入与响应测试。相较于传统的振动测量手段,基于视频的振动测量技术将相机的全部像素转化为高精度振动传感器,利用视频图像方式让人们肉眼可视结构在物理世界的真实振动形态,具有非接触、全视场、高空间分辨率、灵活方便等优点,近年来受到业界的广泛关注。该文主要介绍了视频振动测量技术的系统构成与测量过程、当前主要方法和相关技术最新进展,并总结了视频振动测量技术与其他技术相比存在的优势。通过分析与对比,肯定了视频方法是解决振动测量问题的有效手段和对传统测量方法的有力补充,随着相关技术和硬件设备的发展,视频振动测量方法将具有越来越大的研究意义和应用价值。

经济增长目标调整促进了资本流动吗——基于企业跨地区投资的视角

地方政府“为增长而竞争”的发展模式是造成市场分割的重要因素,那么经济增长目标下调能否缓解这一局面、促进要素资源自由流通?为了回答这一问题,本文以上市公司在异地设立子公司的行为衡量资本要素的流动性,系统考察经济增长目标下调对企业跨地区投资的影响。研究发现,经济增长目标下调能够促进资本流动,表现为经济增长目标下调显著提升了辖区内上市公司设立异地子公司的比例;影响机制分析表明,经济增长目标下调提高了政府放权意愿,降低了市场分割程度,进而促进了企业跨地区投资;进一步的异质性分析揭示,在地区行政壁垒较低、行业竞争程度较高及民营企业样本中,经济增长目标下调对企业跨地区投资的促进作用更加明显。本文丰富了制度性政府行为影响资源配置的相关研究,为当前推进全国统一大市场建设提供了直接的政策思路。

利用局部特征匹配的运动小目标光流估计

基于深度光流估计的动态背景运动小目标检测,为了保证小目标的检测性能,一般采用较少的下采样次数以维持较高的分辨率,但由此带来了较大的计算耗时。特征匹配是深度光流估计的一个核心处理环节,其耗时在光流估计整体耗时中的占比较大,且对下采样次数非常敏感。据此,提出一种基于局部特征匹配的快速光流估计算法:引入目标运动信息,缩小特征匹配的空间范围,减少待处理的数据量;设计分块局部匹配策略,引入批处理机制,避免出现逐点局部匹配策略数据处理耗时过大问题,实现算法加速。在此基础上,在光流估计获取的光流场上,采用CenterNet网络检测运动目标对应的光流异常区域。从光流估计耗时、检测精度等方面开展了实验验证,结果表明:针对运动小目标检测,分块特征匹配光流估计比全局特征匹配光流估计耗时减少约25%,目标检测性能相当。

基于固液氧化还原靶向反应的能量存储技术:材料、器件及动力学

随着双碳政策的推进和可再生能源的快速发展,能源存储技术成为解决能源转型和可持续发展的关键支撑。氧化还原液流电池(RFB)是一种用于大规模储能的电化学器件,具有设计灵活、存储容量大、循环寿命长、安全性高等特点。然而受氧化还原介质分子溶解度的限制,其能量密度相对较低,同时可实用化的体系较少。为解决这一问题,基于固液氧化还原靶向反应的能量存储技术应运而生。氧化还原靶向液流电池(RTFB)在提高能量密度的同时保持良好流动性,克服了传统RFB的限制。综述了近年来该技术在材料、器件及动力学方面的研究进展,包括各种材料的特点、器件的设计及性能以及动力学过程的表征与建模。最后总结当前研究的不足之处并展望未来发展趋势。

空间目标轨道外热流计算及辐射特性研究

本文针对空间目标受到的太阳辐射、地球辐射、地球反照辐射,采用蒙特卡洛(Monte Carlo)法,基于非结构四面体网格编写了仿真程序,并对计算结果进行了对比验证。进一步地,对太阳同步轨道卫星受到的轨道外热流,采用带帆板的网格对有无遮挡情况下各表面受到的轨道外热流进行了分析。结果显示,在对地模式下考虑遮挡后,−Y表面平均热流值降低了53.79 W/m^(2),+Y−Z侧帆板表面平均热流值降低了32.05 W/m^(2)。结合表面材料属性,分析了各表面的温度特性,并结合帆板温度的在轨遥测数据,验证了计算的准确性。最后,计算了两种模式下各方向的红外辐射强度。结果表明,不同观测模式下各表面受热流的影响不同,对地模式下各表面温度随时间变化较大,而对日模式下各表面热流较为稳定。两种模式下,太阳能帆板的温度较高,辐射强度较大,具有明显的红外特征,便于开展红外观测。

动态场景下基于YOLOv5和几何约束的视觉SLAM算法

目的移动智能体在执行同步定位与地图构建(Simultaneous Localization and Mapping,SLAM)的复杂任务时,动态物体的干扰会导致特征点间的关联减弱,系统定位精度下降,为此提出一种面向室内动态场景下基于YOLOv5和几何约束的视觉SLAM算法。方法首先,以YOLOv5s为基础,将原有的CSPDarknet主干网络替换成轻量级的MobileNetV3网络,可以减少参数、加快运行速度,同时与ORB-SLAM2系统相结合,在提取ORB特征点的同时获取语义信息,并剔除先验的动态特征点。然后,结合光流法和对极几何约束对可能残存的动态特征点进一步剔除。最后,仅用静态特征点对相机位姿进行估计。结果在TUM数据集上的实验结果表明,与ORB-SLAM2相比,在高动态序列下的ATE和RPE都减少了90%以上,与DS-SLAM、Dyna-SLAM同类型系统相比,在保证定位精度和鲁棒性的同时,跟踪线程中处理一帧图像平均只需28.26 ms。结论该算法能够有效降低动态物体对实时SLAM过程造成的干扰,为实现更加智能化、自动化的包装流程提供了可能。

基于网络流跟踪的信号灯检测方法

结合信号灯信息对机动车行进速度进行引导,减少机动车启停次数,可有效减少废气排放,缓解其造成的污染问题。针对信号灯转换时刻的获取问题,提出了一种基于网络流跟踪的信号灯检测方法。首先,该方法在数据集中引入辅助信号灯类别进行训练,将视频序列中该类目标检测结果关联为踪片,并通过踪片建模多目标跟踪任务。其次,该方法将多目标跟踪任务转换为最小费用流优化任务,以踪片作为节点建立最小费用流网络,提出了适合于信号灯的费用构建方式,通过最短路径算法求解,得到视频序列中辅助信号灯的多条轨迹。最后,基于求解的轨迹结果和图像分类技术,实现信号灯检测性能的提升。该方法的跟踪性能相较于对比算法有大幅提升,并将小目标信号灯检测响应的mAP提升至94.35%。实验结果表明,基于网络流的建模方式能极大地提升信号灯的跟踪准确率,结合跟踪轨迹还能大幅提高视频序列中小目标信号灯的检测准确率,并可有效确定信号灯状态的转换时刻。

基于FPGA的“低慢小”目标检测系统实现

为解决“低慢小”目标检测困难的问题,实现了一种基于FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array,现场可编程逻辑门阵列)的“低慢小”目标检测系统。该系统采取COMS相机获取图像,DDR3 SDRAM缓存视频帧,使用FPGA处理帧间差分法和光流法结合的算法,目标检测结果使用VGA标准显示。测试结果表明,该系统能够检测出在悬停和低速飞行姿态下的低慢小无人机目标并实时显示。

基于改进遗传算法的柔性流水车间调度研究

针对最小化最大完工时间的柔性流水车间调度问题,文章提出了多目标选择的改进的遗传算法(MTGA),设计了针对该问题的一维的编码与解码方法,采用对立的方法进行种群的初始化。针对遗传算法,交叉操作进行整个工序的交叉向最优解靠拢加快了算法的收敛速度,变异操作中对所有的工序操作顺序进行整体变异,选择操作将种群分成多份做到向多个较优解靠拢,扩大了算法的搜索范围,降低了陷入局部最优的概率,并应用了两套交叉和变异概率增加算法灵活性。通过多个已有算法进行对比验证了算法的有效性。

基于改进YOLOv7的无人机图像目标检测算法

针对无人机图像中由于目标微小且相互遮挡、特征信息少导致检测精度低的问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv7的无人机图像目标检测算法。在颈部和检测头中加入了坐标卷积,能更好地感受特征图中目标的位置信息;增加P2检测层,减少小目标特征丢失、提高小目标检测能力;提出多信息流融合注意力机制——Spatial and Channel Attention Mechanism(SCA),动态调整注意力对空间信息流和语义信息流的关注,获得更丰富的特征信息以提高捕获目标的能力;更换损失函数为SIoU,加快模型收敛速度。在公开数据集VisDrone2019上进行对比实验,改进后算法的mAP50值相比YOLOv7提高了4%,达到了52.4%,FPS为37,消融实验验证了每个模块均提升了检测精度。实验表明,改进后的算法能较好地检测无人机图像中的目标。

“阿利•伯克”级驱逐舰红外目标特性研究

在海战对抗中,红外导弹是打击驱逐舰目标的重要武器。为了能有效论证红外导弹对驱逐舰目标的探测能力,首先需要获取典型驱逐舰红外目标特性,为此本文开展“阿利·伯克”级驱逐舰红外目标特性研究工作。建立了“阿利·伯克”级驱逐舰三维物理模型,通过数值仿真分别计算了模型在巡航状态下的流场特性与中、长波红外辐射特性。研究结果表明,军事舰船目标烟囱排放羽流温度最高达688.5 K,舰体温度较低且均匀。舰船目标中波光谱辐射主要由高温羽流贡献,长波光谱辐射主要由常温舰体贡献。且中、长波光谱辐射特征受观测角度影响较大,中波光谱辐射强度最高值在正侧方探测角,达65000 W/(sr·μm),长波光谱辐射强度最高值在正上方探测角,达18200 W/(sr·μm)。

融合光流特征和显著性检测的目标跟踪算法

传统的核相关滤波(Kernel Correlation Filter,KCF)算法使用HOG特征来获取目标信息,对非刚体目标不鲁棒,容易出现目标跟踪漂移现象。提出一种融合光流特征和显著性检测的目标跟踪算法抑制跟踪的漂移。算法通过在多通道特征表达时融入光流特征,增加运动目标的位置、姿态的变化信息。同时,通过显著性检测位置对漂移目标进行重检测调节,抑制跟踪漂移,提高跟踪的准确性。实验结果表明,该算法在复杂场景中仍可以进行鲁棒的视觉目标跟踪。

汉江中下游重要支流目标生态流量分期控制研究

为有效推进河湖生态流量保障体系建设,采用Qp法、Tennant法、近10 a最枯月法、频率曲线法等方法计算分析确定了汉江中下游重要支流控制断面基本生态流量,采用适配法确定各断面生态流量分月泄放目标。研究表明:(1)汉江中下游重要支流控制断面的基本生态流量为1.16~7.50 m^(3)/s,占年均流量的5%~15%。除南河谷城断面受金盆沟电站发电引水导致满足度偏低外,其他断面满足度均高于90%,可作为生态流量管控依据。(2)各断面生存流量分月控制目标为1.16~55.00 m^(3)/s,年泄放量占年均径流量的20%,月均满足度可达80%以上。研究成果可为健全法规体系、强化工程生态调度、汉江流域水资源保护及监督管理提供参考依据。