Analysis on Combining Ability and Genetic Parameters of Main Agronomic Characters of 22 Maize Inbred Lines

The general combining ability（GCA）, special combining ability（SCA） and genetic parameter of ten characters of 22 maize inbred lines including plant height and ear height were analyzed using 10×12 through incomplete diallel cross（NC Ⅱ）.The results showed that：（1） Among the 22 maize inbred lines, the yield GCAs of11 HN 097, 11 HN 099, 11 HN 105 and 11 HN 110 were high, which were elite inbred lines to collocate hybridized combinations with strong heterosis. The yield of11 HN110 × 11 HN097, 11 HN110 × 11 HN105, 11 HN112 × 11 HN 097 and 11 HN 106 × 11 HN 104 were in the first four place. The yielding abilities, adaptabilities and yielding stabilities of the four combinations can be further identified by experiment. The heredities of the ten characters were mainly controlled by additive gene effect whereas the influence of non-addictive gene effect was small. The narrow heritabilities of plant height, ear height, ear rows, ear length, kernels per row,100-grain weight and seed-producing percentage were more than 50%. The variances were mainly caused by heredity and early-generation selection should be conducted. The narrow heritabilities of ear diameter, bare tip length and yield was low, which should not be selected in early-generation.

Reasonable location parameters of pick and nozzle in combined cutting system

The drum shearer and high pressure water jet combined cutting system is an effective technology to cut hard coal-rock, but one problem of the technology is the choice of pick and nozzle location parameters. In order to solve the problem, the process and mechanism of combined cutting arc studied and mining seepage catastrophe theory is used to construct the mathematic and physical model of combined cutting hard coal-rock. Based on the model and detailed analysis of combined cutting mechanism, the single pick and nozzle combined cutting test-bed is built to test the main pick and nozzle location parameters of drum shearer and water jet combined cutting system. Test results show that the best vertical distance between the pick-tip and nozzle center point is the sum of cutting thickness and proper target distance in the Y axial direction; the best horizontal distance is the length between pick-tip point and coal-rock surface bursting crack point in the X axial direction. The best incident angle of water jet should be the same as the bursting crack line＇s angle in theory, but considering other important factors comprehensively, it is more reasonable when the incident angle of water jet is 90°.

Optimization Study of Active-Passive Heating System Parameters in Village Houses in the Southern Xinjiang Province

Aiming at the problems of large energy consumption and serious pollution of winter heating existing in the rural buildings in Southern Xinjiang,a combined active-passive heating system was proposed,and the simulation software was used to optimize the parameters of the system,according to the parameters obtained from the optimization,a test platform was built and winter heating test was carried out.The simulation results showed that the thickness of the air layer of 75 mm,the total area of the vent holes of 0.24 m^(2),and the thickness of the insulation layer of 120 mm were the optimal construction for the passive part;solar collector area of 28 m^(2),hot water storage tank volume of 1.4 m^(3),mass flow rate of 800 kg/h on the collector side,mass flow rate of 400 kg/h on the heat exchanger side,and output power of auxiliary heat source of 5∼9 kWwere the optimal constructions for active heating system.Test results showed that during the heating period,the system could provide sufficient heat to the room under different heating modes,and the indoor temperature reached over 18°C,which met the heating demand.The economic and environmental benefits of the system were analyzed,and the economic benefits of the systemwere better than coal-fired heating,and the CO_(2) emissionswere reduced by 3,292.25 kg compared with coalfiredheating.The results of the study showed that the combinedactive-passiveheating systemcouldeffectively solve the heating problems existing in rural buildings in Southern Xinjiang,and it also laid the theoretical foundation for the popularization of the combined heating systems.

ANALYSES ON STRUCTURAL DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION BASED ON COMBINED PARAMETERS

The relative sensitivities of structural dynamical parameters were analyzed using a directive derivation method. The neural network is able to approximate arbitrary nonlinear mapping relationship, so it is a powerful damage identification tool for unknown systems. A neural network-based approach was presented for the structural damage detection. The combined parameters were presented as the input vector of the neural network, which computed with the change rates of the several former natural frequencies ( C), the change ratios of the frequencies ( R), and the assurance criterions of flexibilities (A). Some numerical simulation examples, such as, cantilever and truss with different damage extends and different damage locations were analyzed. The results indicate that the combined parameters are more suitable for the input patterns of neural networks than the other parameters alone.

Parameters and Trajectory Overall Optimization Design of the Combined Cycle Engine Reusable Launch Vehicle

Reusable launch vehicle is an important way to realize fast,cheap and reliable space transportation.A combined cycle engine system provides a more efficient and flexible form of power.The investigation on the research status of the combined cycle engine technology,including basic principle,research programs and classification of structure is firstly discussed in this paper.Then the bilevel hierarchical and integrated parameters/trajectory overall optimization technologies are applied to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of overall vehicle design.Simulations are implemented to compare and analyze the effectiveness and adaptability of the two algorithms,in order to provide the technical reserves and beneficial references for further research on combined cycle engine reusable launch vehicles.

Efficient Combination of Topology and Parameter Optimization

This paper presents a combination method of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and topology optimization. With this method a better result can be achieved compared with the sequential application of these two optimization methods. It inherits the ability in finding global optimum from PSO and also suits for discretized design domain. Some special schemes are used in order to provide higher computation efficiency. This method has only been tested with a convex optimization problem. The application in case of a concave problem will be a future study.

Improved Approach to Determine the Material Parameters for a Combined Hardening Model

For the simulation of isothermal mechanically loaded components, it is indispensable to have a material model, which describes the material behavior very accurately. In this case, a combined hardening model was chosen in order to reflect the prevalent deformation behavior. The combined hardening model enables simulation independent of the number of load cycles and the chosen strain amplitude. The main point is the declaration of the parameters from the chosen material model. This work deals with the estimation of the parameters. For validation and as input data of the here defined approach low cycle fatigue (LCF) tests were performed on cast aluminum and at 250°C. The comparison of the test results and the simulations indicated that σmax from the simulated hysteresis lies inside a range of ±5% referred to the test results.

Effect of Cultivation Conditionss on Quality Parameters of High Grade Hybrid Rape of Brassica napus L.

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of sowing date, plant density, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer on quality parameters of high grade hybrid rapeseed. [Method] By using Youyan 599 and Sanbei 98 as experimental materials, quadratic orthogonal rotation combination with five factors was designed for this study. [Result] Erucic acid content was nega- tively correlated with sowing date and nitrogen fertilizer, positively correlated with plant density. Glucosinolate content was negatively correlated with sowing date, positively correlated with potash fertilizer amount. Oil content was negatively correlated with sowing date and nitrogen fertilizer amount, positively correlated with plant density and potash fertilizer amount. Protein content was positively correlated with sowing date and nitrogen fertilizer amount, negatively correlated with plant density and potash fer- tilizer amount. Oleic acid content was negatively correlated with phosphate fertilizer amount, positively correlated with nitrogen fertilizer amount. Palmitic acid was nega- tively correlated with potash fertilizer amount, positively correlated with sowing date, plant density, nitrogen fertilizer amount and phosphate fertilizer amount in Youyan 599, but negatively correlated with sowing date, plant density, nitrogen fertilizer amount and phosphate fertilizer amount in Sanbei 98. Stearic acid content was posi- tively correlated with sowing date, plant density, nitrogen fertilizer amount and phos- phate fertilizer amount. Linoleic acid was positively correlated with density and nitroge- nous fertilizer, but negatively correlated with potash fertilizer amount. Linolenic acid was positively correlated with nitrogen fertilizer amount and potash fertilizer amount. Eicosenoic acid was negatively correlated with sowing date. There were positive cor- relations and negative correlations among cultivation conditions and quality parame- ters, and the positive correlations and negative correlations could counteract each other. Expression of quality parameters for each treatment was the combined effect. Among the 50 pairs of simple correlations of five cultivation factors and ten quality parameters, 26 pairs were consistent between two varieties, 24 pairs of simple corre- lation were not. Sowing date, plant density, nitrogen fertilizer amount and phosphate fertilizer amount showed significant influence on erucic acid of two varieties, but small effect on palmitic acid. [Conclusion] The combined effect of the five cultivation factors could not fundamentally improve the quality traits of high grade hybrid rapeseed.

Optimization design of resistance spot welding parameters of magnesium alloy

By means of the quadratic regression combination design process, the regression equations of nugget diameter and tensile shear load of spot welded joint were established. Effects of welding parameters on the nugget diameter and the tensile shear load were investigated. The results show that effect of welding current on nugget diameter is the most evident. And higher welding current will result in bigger nugget diameter. Besides, interaction effect of electrode force and welding current on tensile shear load is the most evident compared with others. The optimum welding parameters corresponding to the maximum of tensile shear load have been obtained by programming using Matlab software, which is 4, 7 kN electrode force, 28 kA welding current and 4 cycle welding time. Under the condition of the optimum welding parameters, the joint having no visible defects can be obtained, nugget diameter and tensile shear load being 6. 8 mm and 3 256 N, respectively.

Analysis and combination of four technique-individual EOP time series

Based on four intra-technique combined solutions in SINEX format, we tried at first to assess the accuracy of each single-technique Earth Orientation Parameters(EOPs) series over a past time interval of at least 15 years by comparison with IERS EOP 08C04 combined solution as the reference in this paper. The EOPs studied here mainly consist of four elements, i.e. polar motion(XPO, YPO), Universal Time(UT1-UTC) and length-of-day(LOD). We combined these intra-technique EOP series, each of them associated with a given space geodetic technique by taking advantage of the relationship of the first three EOP components and three rotational parameters which carry the orientation of technique-related reference frame with respect to the estimated weekly inter-technique combined reference frame. Results indicated that the discrepancy between the pole coordinates(XPO, YPO) series, extracted from the intra-SLR combined loose-constraint solutions and the IERS EOP 08C04, seemed to be clearly characterized by systematic errors. Although both the XPO and YPO series determined by intra-VLBI combination had no significant characteristic of system error, they had relatively large difference values at some point with respect to the IERS EOP 08C04, which may be limited by the quantity of observation stations. Since the number of GPS stations is on the increase aimed at better global coverage, the accuracy of pole coordinates provided by IGS was superior to that derived from other space-geodetic techniques. As for DORIS XPO and YPO series from intra-DORIS combined minimal-constraint solutions, the discrepancy range of the former with respect to IERS EOP 08C04 was a little smaller than that of the latter. The objective of this study is twofold: on the one hand to analysis individual EOP series derived from the various space-geodetic techniques, on the other hand to present the new inter-technique combined EOP solution consistent with weekly inter-technique combined reference frame.

Research on Methods of Parameter Estimation in Combining Forecasting Based on Harmonic Mean

Two kinds of parameter estimation methods (I) and (II) of combining forecasting based on harmontic mean are proposed and compared through a lot of simulation forecasting examples. A very helpful conclusion is obtained, which can lay solid foundations for correct application of the above methods.

Generalized weighted functional proportional mean combining forecasting model and its method of parameter estimation

A new kind of combining forecasting model based on the generalized weighted functional proportional mean is proposed and the parameter estimation method of its weighting coefficients by means of the algorithm of quadratic programming is given. This model has extensive representation. It is a new kind of aggregative method of group forecasting. By taking the suitable combining form of the forecasting models and seeking the optimal parameter, the optimal combining form can be obtained and the forecasting accuracy can be improved. The effectiveness of this model is demonstrated by an example.

Combining Ability and Correlation of Ear Characteristics of Twenty Maize Inbred Lines

The combining ability and correlation of eight ear characteristics in 99 maize hybrids generated by crossing nine female parents with 11 male parents were analyzed by incomplete diallel cross （NC II ） design. The results showed that the line F6 had the highest general combining ability （GCA） for yield, followed by F7, M3, M4 and M8. All of the five lines have great potential in maize breeding. The cross combination M3xF10 had the highest specific combining ability （SCA） for yield, showing strong heterosis. Heritability analysis of ear characteristics showed that GCA variance was higher than SCA variance in ear diameter, number of rows per ear and seed rate, and they were mainly controlled by the additive gene effect, indicating that that the selections for these traits are effective at early generations. The other three traits had lower SCA, for which the selections should be carried out at late generations. The correlation analysis revealed that ear length, number of grains per row, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, 100-seed weight and seed rate had extremely significant positive correlations with grain yield per plant. Among them, number of grains per row had the most significant effect on yield per plant. Barren tip length had a significant negative correlation with grain yield per plant. Therefore, we concluded that the combinations with more grains per row and shorter barren tip should be selected to achieve high yield of maize.

一种基于Parameter对象实现组合查询的技巧

在数据库应用程序设计中,实现组合查询的程序被大量应用,一种能够快速实现组合查询程序设计的方法可以节约大量的编程时间,提高软件开发的效率。本论文以实例论述了一种利用Parameter对象实现组合查询的方法。这种方法在VB和其它开发工具下非常容易实现。

Heterogeneous Fenton-like discoloration of methyl orange using Fe3O4/MWCNTs as catalyst： combination mechanism and affecting parameters

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） can act not only as a support for Fe3O4 nanoparticles （NPs） but also as a coworker with synergistic effect, accordingly improving the heterogeneous Fenton-like efficiency of Fe3O4 NPs. In this study, Fe3O4 NPs were in situ anchored onto MWCNTs by a moderate co-precipitation method and the as-prepared Fe3O4/MWCNTs nanocomposites were employed as the highly efficient Fenton-like catalysts. The analyses of XRD, FTIR, Raman, FESEM, TEM and HRTEM results indicated the formation of Fe3O4 crystals in Fe3O4/MWCNTs nanocomposites prepared at different conditions and the interaction between Fe3O4 NPs and MWCNTs. Over a wide pH range, the surface of modified MWCNTs possessed negative charges. Based on these results, the possible combination mechanism between Fe3O4 NPs and MWCNTs was discussed and proposed. Moreover, the effects of preparation and catalytic conditions on the Fenton-like catalytic efficiency were investigated in order to gain further insight into the heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction catalyzed by Fe3O4/MWCNTs nanocomposites.

VOLUMETRIC MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT BETWEEN SLAG AND METAL IN COMBINED BLOWING CONVERTER

The effects of operation parameters of combined blowing converter on the volumetric mass transfer coefficient between slag and steel are studied with a cold model with water simulating steel, oil simulating slag and benzoic acid as the transferred substance between water and oil. The results show that, with lance level of 2.1m and the top blowing rate of 25000Nm3/h, the volumetric mass transfer coefficient changes most significantly when the bottom blowing rate ranges from 384 to 540Nm3/h. The volumetric mass transfer coefficient reaches its maximum when the lance level is 2.1m, the top blowing rates is 30000Nm3/h, and the bottom blowing rate is 384Nm3/h with tuyeres located symmetrically at 0.66D of the converter bottom.

A Piecewise Linear Isotropic-Kinematic Hardening Model with Semi-Implicit Rules for Cyclic Loading and Its Parameter Identification

A simple constitutive model,called semi-implicit model,for cyclic loading is proposed for steel materials used for structures such as building frames in civil engineering.The constitutive model is implemented in the E-Simulator,which is a software package for large-scale seismic response analysis.The constitutive relation is defined in an algorithmic manner based on the piecewise linear combined isotropic-kinematic hardening.Different rules are used for the first and subsequent loading states to incorporate characteristics such as yield plateau and Bauschinger effect of rolled mild steel materials.An optimization method is also presented for parameter identification from the results of cyclic and monotonic loading tests.Therefore,the proposed model is readily applicable to practical elastoplastic analysis of building frames.Accuracy of the model is demonstrated in an example of a cantilever subjected to various types of cyclic loading.

Study of petrophysical parameter sensitivity from well log data

Proper analysis of petrophysical parameter sensitivity from well log data can greatly improve the ability to discriminate hydrocarbon-bearing rocks. In this paper we discuss a petrophysical analysis method for the selection and application of higher sensitivity seismic attribute parameters to improve the ability to discriminate fluid and lithology. To better integrate with seismic interpretation, we construct a template to highlight rock physics parameters in sensitivity space, providing guidance for the quantitative seismic interpretation of hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs.

Research on Parameter Optimization in Collaborative Filtering Algorithm

Collaborative filtering algorithm is the most widely used and recommended algorithm in major e-commerce recommendation systems nowadays. Concerning the problems such as poor adaptability and cold start of traditional collaborative filtering algorithms, this paper is going to come up with improvements and construct a hybrid collaborative filtering algorithm model which will possess excellent scalability. Meanwhile, this paper will also optimize the process based on the parameter selection of genetic algorithm and demonstrate its pseudocode reference so as to provide new ideas and methods for the study of parameter combination optimization in hybrid collaborative filtering algorithm.

最优尺寸参数对涡流管能量分离效应影响的研究

为确定出涡流管各因素的主次顺序,找出最优的参数组合,提出正交试验设计和极差分析法,找到涡流管能量分离效应的最优化尺寸参数。实验设定涡流管进气温度为26℃,环境温度为27.1℃,结果表明,4个尺寸参数对涡流管能量分离影响排序为:长径比>喷嘴数目>冷端直径>进气压力,每个参数的最优值各为长径比为25.0、喷嘴个数为6、冷端直径为5 mm、进气压力为0.8 MPa,并通过对试验结果的验证,发现涡流管的冷热端出口温差为95.2℃。根据正交试验设计方案找出了涡流管各部件的最优尺寸参数。