Synchronous detection of multiple optical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol by coupled photoacoustic cavity

Owing to the influence of sampling loss,cavity difference and detecting source,the multi-optical parameter measurement of atmospheric aerosol cannot be detected simultaneously in the same reference environment.In order to solve this problem,a new method of simultaneously detecting the aerosol optical parameters by coupling cavity ring-down spectrometer with photoacoustic spectroscopy is proposed.Firstly,the coupled photoacoustic cavity is formed by the organic fusion of the photoacoustic cavity and the ring-down cavity.Secondly,the integrated design of the coupling spectroscopy system is carried out.Finally,the extinction coefficient and absorption coefficient of aerosol are measured simultaneously by the system,and then the aerosol scattering coefficient and single albedo are calculated indirectly.The accuracy of the system is verified by comparing with the data from the environmental quality monitoring station,which provides a new idea for the detection of multi-optical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol.

Virtual Synchronous Generator Based Current Synchronous Detection Scheme for a Virtual Inertia Emulation in SmartGrids

Renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic wind turbines, and wave power converters, use power converters to connect to the grid which causes a loss in rotational inertia. The attempt to meet the increasing energy demand means that the interest for the integration of renewable energy sources in the existing power system is growing, but such integration poses challenges to the operating stability. Power converters play a major role in the evolution of power system towards SmartGrids, by regulating as virtual synchronous generators. The concept of virtual synchronous generators requires an energy storage system with power converters to emulate virtual inertia similar to the dynamics of traditional synchronous generators. In this paper, a dynamic droop control for the estimation of fundamental reference sources is implemented in the control loop of the converter, including active and reactive power components acting as a mechanical input to the virtual synchronous generator and the virtual excitation controller. An inertia coefficient and a droop coefficient are implemented in the control loop. The proposed controller uses a current synchronous detection scheme to emulate a virtual inertia from the virtual synchronous generators. In this study, a wave energy converter as the power source is used and a power management of virtual synchronous generators to control the frequency deviation and the terminal voltage is implemented. The dynamic control scheme based on a current synchronous detection scheme is presented in detail with a power management control. Finally, we carried out numerical simulations and verified the scheme through the experimental results in a microgrid structure.

Dynamic evolutionary community detection algorithms based on the modularity matrix

Motivated by the relationship of the dynamic behaviors and network structure, in this paper, we present two efficient dynamic community detection algorithms. The phases of the nodes in the network can evolve according to our proposed differential equations. In each iteration, the phases of the nodes are controlled by several parameters. It is found that the phases of the nodes are ultimately clustered into several communities after a short period of evolution. They can be adopted to detect the communities successfully. The second differential equation can dynamically adjust several parameters, so it can obtain satisfactory detection results. Simulations on some test networks have verified the efficiency of the presented algorithms.

Chaos detection and control in a typical power system

In this paper, a new chaotic system is introduced. The proposed system is a conventional power network that demonstrates a chaotic behavior under special operating conditions. Some features such as Lyapunov exponents and a strange attractor show the chaotic behavior of the system, which decreases the system performance. Two different controllers are proposed to control the chaotic system. The first one is a nonlinear conventional controller that is simple and easy to construct, but the second one is developed based on the finite time control theory and optimized for faster control. A MATLAB-based simulation verifies the results.

Multi-area detection sensitivity calculation model and detection blind areas influence analysis of photoelectric detection target

Multi-element array photoelectric detector is the core devices to form a photoelectric detection target with a large field of view.This photoelectric detection target brings about the problem of uneven detection sensitivity distribution in the detection screen.To improve the uneven detection sensitivity of this photoelectric detection target,this paper analyzes the distribution law of the uneven detection sensitivity of the photoelectric detection target using the multi-element array photoelectric detector,dissects the main factors affecting the detection sensitivity according to the photoelectric detection principle,establishes the calculation model of detection sensitivity of the photoelectric detection target in the different detection areas and proposes a method to improve the detection sensitivity by compensating the gain of each unit photoelectric detector.The analysis of simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method of photoelectric detection target can effectively improve the output signal amplitude of the projectile under the certain detection distance,in particular,the output signal amplitude of the projectile is significantly increased when the projectile passes through the detection blind area.The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results,which verify the effectiveness of the proposed improvement method.

Time Synchronous Averaging Based on Cross-power Spectrum

Periodic components are of great significance for fault diagnosis and health monitoring of rotating machinery.Time synchronous averaging is an effective and convenient technique for extracting those components.However,the performance of time synchronous averaging is seriously limited when the separate segments are poorly synchronized.This paper proposes a new averaging method capable of extracting periodic components without external reference and an accurate period to solve this problem.With this approach,phase detection and compensation eliminate all segments'phase differences,which enables the segments to be well synchronized.The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by numerical and experimental signals.

Frame Detection Based on Cyclic Autocorrelation and Constant False Alarm Rate in Burst Communication Systems

Frame detection is important in burst communication systems for its contribu- tions in frame synchronization. It locates the information bits in the received data stream at receivers. To realize frame detection in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise （AWGN） and frequency offset, a constant false alarm rate （CFAR） detector is proposed through exploitation of cyclic autocorrelation feature implied in the preamble. The frame detection can be achieved prior to bit timing recovery. The threshold setting is independent of the signal level and noise level by utilizing CFAR method. Mathematical expressions is derived in AWGN channel by considering the probability of false alarm and probability of detection, separately. Given the probability of false alarm, the mathematical relationship between the frame detection performance and EJNo of received signals is established. Ex- perimental results are also presented in accor- dance with analysis.

基于谐波检测的调相机失磁保护研究

首先对现有的调相机失磁保护进行分析,结果表明在系统低电压工况下调相机发生部分失磁故障,现有的失磁保护不能可靠动作,保护存在死区。通过研究调相机失磁后的励磁电流变化规律,得出调相机发生失磁故障后气隙合成磁势中含有高次谐波分量,将在定子绕组中产生对应的谐波电流。在此基础上,提出了一种基于谐波检测的调相机失磁保护方法。利用定子绕组中偶次谐波电流含量构建新的失磁保护策略,解决了系统低电压工况下失磁保护不能识别部分失磁故障的问题。最后,通过PSCAD/EMTDC建立了带有调相机的扎鲁特-青州±800 kV特高压直流输电模型,仿真结果验证了该方案的可行性。

An Azo-PDMS-based wearable UV sensor with the optimized photo response mode for dual sensing and synchronous detection

A wearable UV sensor is designed to realize UV detection and a warning effect on people’s excessive UV exposure.It is noteworthy that the photoelectric system and supporting material of the most conventional sensor are separated.The unstable connection between the two components and the complicated construction method makes the sensor susceptible to external motion interference and prone to failure.Herein,we developed a unique photo response mode of the UV sensor based on a novel photo responsive material.An azobenzene-containing polydimethylsiloxane(Azo-PDMS)film was prepared as the outer layer of the sensor.It integrated the functions of photo response source,support and protection,which realized the direct contact and rapid response to the UV light source.Carbon nanotube(CNT),wrapped in the middle of Azo-PDMS films as an inner layer,transformed the photomechanical response signal into the photoelectric signal.The photo response mode endows the sensor with excellent anti-motion interference capabilities and a true sense of UV-strain synchronous monitoring performance,which is of great significance to the practical application of wearable devices.In addition,based on the excellent properties of Azo-PDMS,the sensor can also protect the human body from UV damage,self-repair after fracture,and realize personalized customization through 3 D printing.It makes a breakthrough in the design and construction of wearable UV sensors and paves a new way to optimize sensor photo response modes.

FPGA Implementable Frame Synchronization Algorithm for Burst Mode GMSK

In time division multiple access (TDMA) communication systems, correctly estimating the synchronization parameters is very important for reliable data transfer. The algorithms used for frequency/phase and symbol timing estimates are generally accepted as knowing the start of signal (SoS) parameter. Therefore, within these parameters, the SoS parameter is of particularly great importance. In this study, a reduced version of the SoS estimation algorithm introduced by Hosseini and Perrins is presented to estimate SoS for Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK) modulated signals in burst format over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. The reduced algorithm can be implemented on FPGA by using half the number of complex multipliers that would be required by the double correlation method and is robust to carrier frequency/phase errors. Simulations performed under 0.1 normalized frequency offset conditions show that the proposed algorithm has a probability of false lock which is less than 7×10-2, even at 0 dB SNR level.

Research and simulation on synchronization algorithm of PSS in a 5G system based on block cross-correlation

In response to the downlink synchronization requirements of the user equipment(UE)or third-party radio equipment in fifth-generation(5G)mobile communication systems,a synchronization algorithm of primary synchroni-zation signal(PSS)was designed and developed in the 5G system based on block cross-correlation.According to the new characteristics of the 5G synchronization channel and broadcast channel,starting from the traditional downlink synchronization algorithm of long-term evolution(LTE),the detection performance of the algorithm under a low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)is improved by introducing an incoherent accumulation,and the new scheme of joint coarse frequency offset estimation is used to improve the frequency offset estimation performance.Finally,the performance of the proposed synchronization algorithm is verified by conducting a simulation on a 5G downlink simulation platform based on MATLAB software.Simulation results show that the improved downlink synchronization algorithm has stable performance in the tapped delay line-C(TDL-C)and additive white Gaussian noise(AWGN)channels with large frequency deviation and low SNR.

A Carrier Synchronization Algorithm for AutonomousRadio Receiver in Deep Space

The carrier synchronization algorithm of the autonomous radio for deep space is studied.When the signal modulation is unknown,this paper improves the existing universal carrier synchronization loop for multiple modulations,expands the frequency tracking range of the loop,proposes a Tong detection-based M-ary Phase Shift Keying(M-PSK)signal locking detection algorithm to rapidly and effectively determine whether the current phase discrimination mode matches the modulation mode,so as to independently choose whether to switch the phase discrimination mode.Through theoretical analysis and comparison,it is described that the total detection probability of the algorithm proposed in this paper is significantly higher than the probability of single lock detection.Simulation results show that the algorithm has high detection probabiUty and low computational complexity at a low signal to noise ratio.

Robust fault-sensitive synchronization of a class of nonlinear systems

Aiming at enhancing the quality as well as the reliability of synchronization, this paper is concerned with the fault detection issue within the synchronization process for a class of nonlinear systems in the existence of external disturbances. To handle such problems, the concept of robust fault-sensitive （RFS） synchronization is proposed, and a method of determining such a kind of syncbronization is developed. Under the framework of RFS synchronization, the master and the slave systems are robustly synchronized, and at the same time, sensitive to possible faults based on a mixed H_/H~ performance. The design of desired output feedback controller is realized by solving a linear matrix inequality, and the fault sensitivity H index can be optimized via a convex optimization algorithm. A master-slave configuration composed of identical Chua＇s circuits is adopted as a numerical example to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the analytical results.

On linear observers and application to fault detection in synchronous generators

This work introduces an observer structure and highlights its distinct advantages in fault detection and isolation. Its application to the issue of shorted turns detection in synchronous generators is demonstrated. For the theoretical foundation, the convergence and design of Luenberger-type observers for disturbed linear time-invariant （LTI） single-input single-output （SISO） systems are reviewed with a particular focus on input and output disturbances. As an additional result, a simple observer design for stationary output disturbances that avoids a system order extension, as in classical results, is proposed.

M-APSK鉴相算法与并行载波同步方法

为实现M进制幅相调制(M-APSK)体制下高阶调制信号的相位精细校正,将DVB-S2标准推荐的16APSK和32APSK的Q次方无数据辅助鉴相算法进行了扩展,以应用于64APSK、128APSK和256APSK等高阶调制。针对高阶调制的有效鉴相星座点占比较低时环路工作不稳定的问题提出了改进算法,通过对功率归一化后接收符号的幅值进行阈值判决,仅在高于阈值时进行鉴相,低于阈值时则不改变滤波器状态和相位补偿值,以提高星座点的鉴相有效性和可靠性,从而降低入锁门限。针对高速数传的符号速率非常高,而处理器的工作时钟频率相对较低的问题,提出了一种适用于M-APSK的并行载波同步方法,可以满足接收机工作时钟处理需要。相对于传统固定编码调制(CCM)的载波同步环路,该并行方法还可应用于可变编码调制(VCM)体制的频率跟踪。

道路平整度检测多源数据高精度同步采集

随着使用年限增加,道路出现了不平整等路面损坏情况,急需一种快速、有效的道路平整度检测设备对道路进行检测。设计了一种道路平整度检测多传感器数据同步采集系统,以FPGA为控制核心,利用GPS输出的NEMA数据和高稳晶振建立高精度的时间基准,采用A/D采样的方式进行同步数据采集。为提高系统的抗干扰能力和数据采样的精度,传感器信号调理电路采用差分放大和抗混叠滤波设计。实验结果表明,该系统完成了多传感器数据高精度同步采集,时间同步精度为微秒级,能够为评价路面平整度提供高精度原始数据,具有数据采样精度高、稳定性好、抗干扰能力强、成本低等优点,已在武汉夕睿光电技术有限公司的道路检测车上得到成功应用。

6G新型时延多普勒通信范式:OTFS的技术优势、设计挑战、应用与前景

在未来的通信网络中,被广泛期待的第6代移动通信系统(The Sixth Generation of Mobile Communications System,6G)技术将面临诸多挑战,其中包括在高速移动场景下的超高可靠通信问题。正交时频空间(Orthogonal Time Frequency Space,OTFS)调制技术克服了传统通信系统在高速移动环境下多径和多普勒效应的影响,为实现6G超高可靠通信提供了新的可能性。该文首先介绍了OTFS的基本原理、数学模型、干扰与优势分析。然后,归纳分析了OTFS技术在同步、信道估计、信号检测技术上的研究现状。接着,从车联网、无人机、卫星通信、海洋通信4个典型应用场景分析了OTFS的应用趋势。最后,从降低多维匹配滤波器、相位解调和信道估计、硬件实现的复杂度和提高对时频资源的高度利用4个角度探讨了未来研究OTFS需要克服的困难和挑战。

无刷伺服电动机非接触位置检测方法

为实现无刷伺服电动机转子位置检测的小型化和高可靠性,将非接触磁旋编码器应用于无刷电动机转子的角度检测。在分析磁旋编码器工作原理和应用特点的基础上,论述了磁旋编码器与无刷电动机数字控制器的接口及通信方式;设计了小型化传感组件,以TMS320F2812型DSP为核心构建实验平台进行无刷电动机的驱动与控制测试。实验结果表明,非接触磁旋编码器用于无刷伺服电动机的转子位置检测,具有测量精度高、响应速度快、体积小等优点。非接触与数字控制器配合使用时,可获得良好的控制效果。

海上多平台互联电力系统开环点连接开关同步检测和合闸技术

综合考虑海上多平台电力系统闭环设计开环运行方式的特点,采用基于频率修正的离散傅里叶算法(DFT)计算开环点LCB开关两侧不同频率母线电气量,并根据测量结果提出了事故情况下基于电源快速切换的合闸策略以及正常运行时多机组准同期的合闸策略。

一种新型雷达探测方法

在弱信噪比场景下,目标回波信号往往非常微弱,难以被雷达探测到,其中包含的一些重要信息更难被识别。因此,需要采取有效措施来发掘受噪声影响较大的弱信噪比目标。研究采用组网雷达回波数据时空同步融合技术,将多组雷达回波信息时频对齐叠加处理。通过单类信号仿真测试,在同等条件下,叠加信号中能有效发掘出普通雷达无法准确识别的目标,采用多类雷达信号混合测试,该方法依然适用。实验证实该方法识别目标效果好、适应范围广,可以拓展到其他雷达信号处理领域,为雷达信号处理提供一种新的思路。