This paper presents an off-line integrated full ballast to supply a 35W assembly of Power LEDs. The proposed solution integrates an input PFC stage (a flyback converter operating in DCM) and a DC-DC output converter (...This paper presents an off-line integrated full ballast to supply a 35W assembly of Power LEDs. The proposed solution integrates an input PFC stage (a flyback converter operating in DCM) and a DC-DC output converter (a buck converter) into a single switch power stage, operating with peak current control. As it will be shown, this control scheme maintains the current through the load constant, regardless of the instantaneous value of the DC link voltage. This issue allows the use of a small capacitor for the DC link, which enhances the overall system reliability. The complete ballast has full dimming capability, and all the analysis and design steps are presented, thus ensuring the fulfilling of the existing regulations. The novelty of the final solution comes from the simplicity and robustness of the control scheme in an integrated compact single-switch power stage. A final prototype of the ballast has been built and tested, and experimental results are shown in the last part of the paper. Finally, conclusions and future developments are shown.展开更多
Filtering capacitor with compact configuration and a wide range of operating voltage has been attracting increasing attention for the smooth conversion of the electric signal in modern circuits.Lossless integration of...Filtering capacitor with compact configuration and a wide range of operating voltage has been attracting increasing attention for the smooth conversion of the electric signal in modern circuits.Lossless integration of capacitor units can be regarded as one of the efficient ways to achieve a wider voltage range,which has not yet been fully conquered due to the lack of rational designs of the electrode structure and integration technology.This study presents an alternatingly stacked assemble technology to conveniently fabricate compact aqueous hybrid integrated filtering capacitors on a large scale,in which a unit consists of rGO/MXene composite film as a negative electrode and PEDOT:PSS based film as a positive electrode.Benefiting from the synergistic effect of rGO and MXene components,and morphological characteristics of PEDOT:PSS,the capacitor unit exhibits outstanding AC line filtering with a large areal specific energy density of 1,015 μF V^(2)cm^(-2)(0.28 μW h cm^(-2)) at 120 Hz.After rational integration,the assembled capacitors present compact/lightweight configuration and lossless frequency response,as reflected by almost constant resistor-capacitor time constant of 0.2 ms and dissipation factor of 15% at120 Hz,identical to those of the single capacitor unit.Apart from standing alone steadily on a flower,a small volume(only 8.1 cm^(3)) of the integrated capacitor with 70 units connected in series achieves hundred-volts alternating current line filtering,which is superior to most reported filtering capacitors with sandwich configuration.This study provides insight into the fabrication and application of compact/ultralight filtering capacitors with lossless frequency response,and a wide range of operating voltage.展开更多
This work presents a novel current-mode (CM) lossless integrator that uses one current differencing differential input transconductance amplifier (CDDITA) and one grounded capacitor. The configuration based on single ...This work presents a novel current-mode (CM) lossless integrator that uses one current differencing differential input transconductance amplifier (CDDITA) and one grounded capacitor. The configuration based on single active element has several advantages from the aspect of monolithic integration, few are: reduced power consumption, chip miniaturization. Employment of grounded capacitor is also beneficial for monolithic integration. Specifying some of the key features of integrator proposed are: 1) purely resistorless, 2) electronically tunable, 3) current output available at the port having high impedance, and 4) excellent performance under non-ideal conditions. So, a resister-less current mode lossy integrator with electronic control employing single CDDITA has been proposed in this paper. The verification of workability of the proposed current mode integrator is well explained by the help of SPICE simulations using TSMC CMOS 0.18 μm technology node.展开更多
独立励磁直流发电系统输出电能质量取决于其电压控制性能。然而基于比例积分调节的电压闭环控制输出响应慢、恢复波形超调大。此外,基于电容能量控制(capacitor energy control,CEC)的方法外环积分系数与负载电流反馈相矛盾,影响输出电...独立励磁直流发电系统输出电能质量取决于其电压控制性能。然而基于比例积分调节的电压闭环控制输出响应慢、恢复波形超调大。此外,基于电容能量控制(capacitor energy control,CEC)的方法外环积分系数与负载电流反馈相矛盾,影响输出电压稳态精度。针对以上问题,该文基于CEC提出一种外环单比例调节控制策略。首先,外环仅采用比例控制避免了电容储能误差积分引起系统超调的问题;其次,基于电容电荷平衡控制采用动态过程线性控制到非线性控制的转换思想计算励磁电流最快线性上升斜率并确定外环比例系数,使得系统动态响应最快;最后,通过实验验证所提控制策略的有效性。结果表明,所提控制策略动态性能优良、稳态电压精度高。展开更多
The rational design of electrodes is the key to achieving ultrahigh-power performance in electrochemical energy storage devices.Recently,we have constructed well-organized and integrated three-dimensional(3D)carbon tu...The rational design of electrodes is the key to achieving ultrahigh-power performance in electrochemical energy storage devices.Recently,we have constructed well-organized and integrated three-dimensional(3D)carbon tube(CT)grids(3D-CTGs)using a 3D porous anodic aluminum oxide template-assisted method as electrodes of electrical double-layer capacitors(EDLCs),showing excellent frequency response performance.The unique design warrants fast ion migration channels,excellent electronic conductivity,and good structural stability.This study achieved one of the highest carbon-based ultrahigh-power EDLCs with the 3D-CTG electrodes,resulting in ultrahigh power of 437 and 1708 W·cm−3 with aqueous and organic electrolytes,respectively.Capacitors constructed with these electrodes would have important application prospects in the ultrahigh-power output.The rational design and fabrication of the 3D-CTGs electrodes have demonstrated their capability to build capacitors with ultrahighpower performance and open up new possibilities for applications requiring high-power output.展开更多
目前IC芯片呈现高速、高密度、低压大电流发展趋势,电源完整性(PI)问题日益突出,不合理的电源完整性设计将导致去耦电容器数量增多且达不到理想效果。文章针对电源完整性核心问题,即电源分配网络(power distribution network,PDN)进行研...目前IC芯片呈现高速、高密度、低压大电流发展趋势,电源完整性(PI)问题日益突出,不合理的电源完整性设计将导致去耦电容器数量增多且达不到理想效果。文章针对电源完整性核心问题,即电源分配网络(power distribution network,PDN)进行研究,提出一种基于目标阻抗的去耦电容器选择和安装的设计方法。首先从全频段PDN组成出发,分析电路板级电容等效模型、不同电容器组合去耦效果及优化方法;接着,针对电容器安装过程中引入的寄生电感对电容器去耦效果的影响,重点分析了电容器安装走线长度、宽度及过孔距离对回路寄生电感的影响;最后结合实际单板进行了PDN阻抗仿真优化。结果显示,优化后的PDN可以满足目标阻抗要求,减少了15%的电容器数量,降低了成本;同时改善了电源的完整性,提高了单板可靠性。展开更多
文摘This paper presents an off-line integrated full ballast to supply a 35W assembly of Power LEDs. The proposed solution integrates an input PFC stage (a flyback converter operating in DCM) and a DC-DC output converter (a buck converter) into a single switch power stage, operating with peak current control. As it will be shown, this control scheme maintains the current through the load constant, regardless of the instantaneous value of the DC link voltage. This issue allows the use of a small capacitor for the DC link, which enhances the overall system reliability. The complete ballast has full dimming capability, and all the analysis and design steps are presented, thus ensuring the fulfilling of the existing regulations. The novelty of the final solution comes from the simplicity and robustness of the control scheme in an integrated compact single-switch power stage. A final prototype of the ballast has been built and tested, and experimental results are shown in the last part of the paper. Finally, conclusions and future developments are shown.
基金supported by the NSFC(21805072,22075019,22035005)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB1104300)。
文摘Filtering capacitor with compact configuration and a wide range of operating voltage has been attracting increasing attention for the smooth conversion of the electric signal in modern circuits.Lossless integration of capacitor units can be regarded as one of the efficient ways to achieve a wider voltage range,which has not yet been fully conquered due to the lack of rational designs of the electrode structure and integration technology.This study presents an alternatingly stacked assemble technology to conveniently fabricate compact aqueous hybrid integrated filtering capacitors on a large scale,in which a unit consists of rGO/MXene composite film as a negative electrode and PEDOT:PSS based film as a positive electrode.Benefiting from the synergistic effect of rGO and MXene components,and morphological characteristics of PEDOT:PSS,the capacitor unit exhibits outstanding AC line filtering with a large areal specific energy density of 1,015 μF V^(2)cm^(-2)(0.28 μW h cm^(-2)) at 120 Hz.After rational integration,the assembled capacitors present compact/lightweight configuration and lossless frequency response,as reflected by almost constant resistor-capacitor time constant of 0.2 ms and dissipation factor of 15% at120 Hz,identical to those of the single capacitor unit.Apart from standing alone steadily on a flower,a small volume(only 8.1 cm^(3)) of the integrated capacitor with 70 units connected in series achieves hundred-volts alternating current line filtering,which is superior to most reported filtering capacitors with sandwich configuration.This study provides insight into the fabrication and application of compact/ultralight filtering capacitors with lossless frequency response,and a wide range of operating voltage.
文摘This work presents a novel current-mode (CM) lossless integrator that uses one current differencing differential input transconductance amplifier (CDDITA) and one grounded capacitor. The configuration based on single active element has several advantages from the aspect of monolithic integration, few are: reduced power consumption, chip miniaturization. Employment of grounded capacitor is also beneficial for monolithic integration. Specifying some of the key features of integrator proposed are: 1) purely resistorless, 2) electronically tunable, 3) current output available at the port having high impedance, and 4) excellent performance under non-ideal conditions. So, a resister-less current mode lossy integrator with electronic control employing single CDDITA has been proposed in this paper. The verification of workability of the proposed current mode integrator is well explained by the help of SPICE simulations using TSMC CMOS 0.18 μm technology node.
文摘独立励磁直流发电系统输出电能质量取决于其电压控制性能。然而基于比例积分调节的电压闭环控制输出响应慢、恢复波形超调大。此外,基于电容能量控制(capacitor energy control,CEC)的方法外环积分系数与负载电流反馈相矛盾,影响输出电压稳态精度。针对以上问题,该文基于CEC提出一种外环单比例调节控制策略。首先,外环仅采用比例控制避免了电容储能误差积分引起系统超调的问题;其次,基于电容电荷平衡控制采用动态过程线性控制到非线性控制的转换思想计算励磁电流最快线性上升斜率并确定外环比例系数,使得系统动态响应最快;最后,通过实验验证所提控制策略的有效性。结果表明,所提控制策略动态性能优良、稳态电压精度高。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91963202,52072372,and 52232007).
文摘The rational design of electrodes is the key to achieving ultrahigh-power performance in electrochemical energy storage devices.Recently,we have constructed well-organized and integrated three-dimensional(3D)carbon tube(CT)grids(3D-CTGs)using a 3D porous anodic aluminum oxide template-assisted method as electrodes of electrical double-layer capacitors(EDLCs),showing excellent frequency response performance.The unique design warrants fast ion migration channels,excellent electronic conductivity,and good structural stability.This study achieved one of the highest carbon-based ultrahigh-power EDLCs with the 3D-CTG electrodes,resulting in ultrahigh power of 437 and 1708 W·cm−3 with aqueous and organic electrolytes,respectively.Capacitors constructed with these electrodes would have important application prospects in the ultrahigh-power output.The rational design and fabrication of the 3D-CTGs electrodes have demonstrated their capability to build capacitors with ultrahighpower performance and open up new possibilities for applications requiring high-power output.
文摘目前IC芯片呈现高速、高密度、低压大电流发展趋势,电源完整性(PI)问题日益突出,不合理的电源完整性设计将导致去耦电容器数量增多且达不到理想效果。文章针对电源完整性核心问题,即电源分配网络(power distribution network,PDN)进行研究,提出一种基于目标阻抗的去耦电容器选择和安装的设计方法。首先从全频段PDN组成出发,分析电路板级电容等效模型、不同电容器组合去耦效果及优化方法;接着,针对电容器安装过程中引入的寄生电感对电容器去耦效果的影响,重点分析了电容器安装走线长度、宽度及过孔距离对回路寄生电感的影响;最后结合实际单板进行了PDN阻抗仿真优化。结果显示,优化后的PDN可以满足目标阻抗要求,减少了15%的电容器数量,降低了成本;同时改善了电源的完整性,提高了单板可靠性。
