Matching Source Code Using Abstract Syntax Trees in Version Control Systems

Software projects are becoming larger and more complicated. Managing those projects is based on several software development methodologies. One of those methodologies is software version control, which is used in the majority of worldwide software projects. Although existing version control systems provide sufficient functionality in many situations, they are lacking in terms of semantics and structure for source code. It is commonly believed that improving software version control can contribute substantially to the development of software. We present a solution that considers a structural model for matching source code that can be used in version control.

Source Range Estimation Based on Pulse Waveform Matching in a Slope Environment

An approach of source range estimation in an ocean environment with sloping bottom is presented. The approach is based on pulse waveform correlation matching between the received and simulated signals. An acoustic prop- agation experiment is carried out in a slope environment. The pulse signal is received by the vertical line array, and the depth structure can be obtained. For the experimental data, the depth structures of pulse waveforms are different, which depends on the source range. For a source with unknown range, the depth structure of pulse waveform can be first obtained from the experimental data. Next, the depth structures of pulse waveforms in dif- ferent ranges are numerically calculated. After the process of correlating the experimental and simulated signals, the range corresponding to the maximum value of the correlation coefficient is the estimated source range. For the explosive sources in the experiment with two depths, the mean relative errors of range estimation are both less than 7%.

Source-Space Compressive Matched Field Processing for Source Localization

Source localization by matched-field processing （MFP） can be accelerated by building a database of Green＇s functions which however requires a bulk-storage memory. According to the sparsity of the source locations in the search grids of MFP, compressed sensing inspires an approach to reduce the database by introducing a sensing matrix to compress the database. Compressed sensing is further used to estimate the source locations with higher resolution by solving the β -norm optimization problem of the compressed Green＇s function and the data received by a vertieal/horizontal line array. The method is validated by simulation and is verified with the experimental data.

Passive-source multitaper-spectral method based low-frequency data reconstruction for active seismic sources

Passive seismic data contain large amounts of low-frequency information. To effectively extract and compensate active seismic data that lack low frequencies, we propose a multitaper spectral reconstruction method based on multiple sinusoidal tapers and derive equations for multisource and multitrace conditions. Compared to conventional cross correlation and deconvolution reconstruction methods, the proposed method can more accurately reconstruct the relative amplitude of recordings. Multidomain iterative denoising improves the SNR of retrieved data. By analyzing the spectral characteristics of passive data before and after reconstruction, we found that the data are expressed more clearly after reconstruction and denoising. To compensate for the low-frequency information in active data using passive seismic data, we match the power spectrum, supplement it, and then smooth it in the frequency domain. Finally, we use numerical simulation to verify the proposed method and conduct prestack depth migration using data after low-frequency compensation. The proposed power-matching method adds the losing low frequency information in the active seismic data using the low-frequency information of passive- source seismic data. The imaging of compensated data gives a more detailed information of deep structures.

Single-trial evoked brain responses modeled by multichannel matching pursuit

A multichannel matching pursuit（MMP）algorithm is proposed to decompose the one-dimensional multichannel non-stationary magnetoencephalography（MEG）signal at a single-trial level.The single-channel matching pursuit（MP）linearly decomposes the signal into a set of Gabor atoms,which are adaptively chosen from an overcomplete dictionary with good time-frequency characters.The MMP is the extension of the MP,which represents multichannel signals using linear combination of Gabor atoms with the same occurrence,frequency,phase,and time width,but varying amplitude in all channels.The results demonstrate that the MMP can optimally reconstruct the original signal and automatically remove artifact noises.Moreover,the coherence between the 3D source reconstruction and the prior knowledge of psychology further suggests that the MMP is effective in MEG single-trial processing.

Blind identification and DOA estimation for array sources in presence of scattering

A novel identification method for point source,coherently distributed（CD） source and incoherently distributed（ICD） source is proposed.The differences among the point source,CD source and ICD source are studied.According to the different characters of covariance matrix and general steering vector of the array received source,a second order blind identification method is used to separate the sources,the mixing matrix could be obtained.From the mixing matrix,the type of the source is identified by using an amplitude criterion.And the direction of arrival for the array received source is estimated by using the matching pursuit algorithm from the vectors of the mixing matrix.Computer simulations validate the efficiency of the method.

Domain Decomposition and Matching for Time-Domain Analysis of Motions of Ships Advancing in Head Sea

A domain decomposition and matching method in the time-domain is outlined for simulating the motions of ships advancing in waves. The flow field is decomposed into inner and outer domains by an imaginary control surface, and the Rankine source method is applied to the inner domain while the transient Green function method is used in the outer domain. Two initial boundary value problems are matched on the control surface. The corresponding numerical codes are developed, and the added masses, wave exciting forces and ship motions advancing in head sea for Series 60 ship and S175 containership, are presented and verified. A good agreement has been obtained when the numerical results are compared with the experimental data and other references. It shows that the present method is more efficient because of the panel discretization only in the inner domain during the numerical calculation, and good numerical stability is proved to avoid divergence problem regarding ships with flare.

Geometrical optics-based ray field tracing method for complex source beam applications

Due to the fact that traditional ray field tracking approaches require a large number of geometrical optical（GO） ray tubes,they are very inefficient in many practical applications.An improved ray model scheme for a complex source beam（CSB） tracking technique is proposed in this paper.The source field can be expressed by a superposition of CSBs,then every CSB basis function has a Gaussian-type amplitude distribution and is suitable for replacing a GO ray tube in the ray tracing approach.The complex phase matching technique is adopted to find the reflected beam in the reflection point where local approximation is used to represent the curved surface in its neighborhood.A new solution to multiple reflections using the conventional right-handed reflected system is used to track the field easily.Numerical results show the accuracy of the proposed method.

Shallow water source localization using a mobile short horizontal array

This paper presents an approach to the challenging is- sue of passive source localization in shallow water using a mobile short horizontal linear array with length less than ten meters. The short array can be conveniently placed on autonomous underwa- ter vehicles and deployed for adaptive spatial sampling. However, the use of such small aperture passive sonar systems makes it difficult to acquire sufficient spatial gain for localizing long-range sources. To meet the requirement, a localization approach that employs matched-field based techniques that enable the short ho- rizontal linear array is used to passively localize acoustic sources in shallow water. Furthermore, the broadband processing and inter-position processing provide robustness against ocean en- vironmental mismatch and enhance the stability of the estimation process. The proposed approach＇s ability to localize acoustic sources in shallow water at different signal-to-noise ratios is examined through the synthetic test cases where the sources are located at the endfire and some other bearing of the mobile short horizontal linear array. The presented results demonstrate that the positional parameters of the estimated source build up over time as the array moves at a low speed along a straight line at a constant depth.

宁夏回族自治区碳捕集、利用与封存源汇匹配与集群部署

“双碳”(碳达峰、碳中和)战略背景下,碳捕集、利用与封存技术(CCUS)是实现化石能源大规模低碳化利用的关键技术之一。近年,CCUS技术呈现出规模化和集群化发展趋势,而科学、合理的源汇匹配是CCUS集群部署工程选址的重要依据,能够建立高效CO_(2)输运管网、降低减排成本。宁夏是国家能源安全战略布局的重要保障基地,能源结构偏煤、工业结构偏重特征明显,面临着巨大的碳减排压力。针对宁夏CCUS集群部署的源汇匹配问题,调研评估了宁夏工业碳排放源特征和地质碳汇潜力,构建了CCUS源汇匹配模型,在充分考虑源汇性质、捕集-输运-封存成本、CO_(2)运输距离、区域地理条件、土地利用类型、人口密度等因素基础上,应用改进的节约里程法和基于地理信息系统(GIS)的最低成本路径优化法,结合ArcGIS平台和优化求解软件,获得了宁夏CCUS源汇匹配优化和应用方案,并提出宁夏CCUS集群部署建议。结果表明,截止2021年,宁夏工业碳排放源107个,碳排放总量2.26亿t/a,以化工(含自备电厂)和电力行业碳排放为主。宁夏主要封存地质体包括深部咸水层、深部不可开采煤层和油气藏,CO_(2)理论地质封存容量151.55亿t,以深部咸水层封存潜力最大。宁夏CCUS源汇匹配效果较好,在源汇直接相连的情况下,区内年排放量10万t以上的大型工业排放源CCUS集群部署(30 a规划期)总成本约2.45万亿元,并以捕集成本为主,占比83.65%,单位减排成本402.32元/t,共需建设CO_(2)运输管道2 459 km;改进的节约里程法和基于GIS的最低成本路径优化法可大幅降低CCUS集群部署成本,优化后CCUS单位减排成本降至381.76元/t,节约管道建设里程938 km。宁夏应聚焦电力、化工等“两高”(高耗能、高排放)行业,在以宁东能源化工基地为重点的北部、东部地区超前应用CCUS技术,打造宁东能源化工基地、银川—吴忠、石嘴山、中卫和固原5个CCUS特色集群,构建宁夏特色的工程化CCUS全流程技术模式。

中国西南地区CCUS区域中心建设路径与政策建议

西南地区正在加快推动成渝地区双城经济圈和国家天然气(页岩气)千亿立方米产能基地等国家战略实施,面临能源消费量增长硬需求和碳减排硬约束之间的矛盾,推动CCUS产业发展是解决该问题的必由之路,而建设CCUS区域中心是CCUS产业规模化、集群化发展的必然趋势,其中四川盆地是西南地区打造CCUS区域中心的最佳选择。为了加快建设中国西南地区CCUS区域中心,系统梳理了国外的经验做法,分析了其优势和挑战,结合我国西南地区的CO_(2)排放及分布情况、封存地质条件、源汇匹配关系,针对性提出了建设路径和政策建议。研究结果表明:①打造中国西南地区CCUS区域中心具有企业减碳和增产的需求巨大、高耗能行业企业碳源丰富且较为集中、地质封存潜力大且分布集中、源汇匹配情况较好、地方政府积极支持等5大优势;②当前面临的主要问题是缺乏顶层设计和统一规划、缺乏全产业链协同技术攻关的共享平台、缺乏碳减排的激励和约束政策体系等;③下一步应聚焦CCUS-EGR、CCS、DACCS等3条路径,分启动、扩展、规模化发展3个阶段打造西南地区CCUS区域中心,形成两个千万吨级产业集群和3个百万吨级产业集群,并比选技术路径和商业化路径。结论认为,要重点从完善顶层设计,出台统一的战略规划;强化科技攻关体系建设,加快形成技术成熟、经济可行的CCUS全链条技术;强化政策支持、推动国际合作等3个方面入手,加快推动中国西南地区CCUS区域中心建设。

面向光伏能量收集应用的实时MPPT预估算法研究

对于环境中存在的各种类型能量源,其往往具有不同的阻抗特性以及输出功率范围。为了提高能量收集系统的能量萃取能力,合理的接口电路设计是关键。基于此,通过对环境中光伏(Photovoltaic,PV)能量源微弱直流特性以及高效率收集和转化的研究,在传统开路电压法(Open-Circuit Voltage,OCV)的基础上,结合输入电压纹波控制,提出了一种可实时最大功率点追踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking,MPPT)的预估算法。该预估算法根据能量源的输出特性,采用了分数开路电压法(Fractional Open-Circuit Voltage,FOCV),并根据纹波大小动态调节变换器的工作模式,实现阻抗匹配。为了尽可能减小因采样带来的能量损失,采用可片上全集成的较小的采样电容,并逐周期的进行开路电压采样和计算,实现了对源功率变化的高精度追踪。仿真结果表明,所提出的追踪算法能够实时监测能量源的状态,具有高的追踪速度和追踪精度,且采样时间仅需100 ns。能量源功率在1μW~10 mW范围内变化时,最短的追踪时间仅需4.37μs,追踪精度可达99.7%。

海上CCS/CCUS作业模式探讨与分析

CO_(2)地质封存与利用是应对温室气体排放、实现碳达峰碳中和目标的关键技术。从CCS/CCUS作业类型、CO_(2)来源等角度对全球海上CCS/CCUS项目进行分析,总结形成4类海上CCS/CCUS作业模式。通过对CO_(2)相态变化、杂质含量等因素对CO_(2)性能的影响研究,分析了海上CO_(2)源汇匹配、运输、注入的难点。结合国内海上CCS/CCUS业务现状与发展需求,从海上CO_(2)集群枢纽式源汇匹配模式探索、注入模式优化及配套设备研发、流动保障技术能力建设3个方向明确今后海上CCS/CCUS作业技术发展方向。

基于多源数据的县域小学教育设施供需匹配评价——以广州市增城区为例

教育设施的供需均衡性对实现教育公平具有重要意义。以广州市增城区为例,基于多源数据类型,综合人口空间化和小学可达性分析结果,对小学教育设施的供需匹配度进行评价。结果表明:(1)增城区小学可达性整体水平有待提升,各镇街可达性差异较大;车行可达性自南向北圈层递减,步行可达性点状空间集聚特征显著。(2)车行出行方式下供需匹配较均衡,基本符合“核心-边缘”空间分布规律;步行出行方式下供需失衡严重且单中心集聚特征显著,增城区小学教育设施存在一定的空间错配现象。针对不同类型地区的小学教育设施供需匹配情况,应从区际均衡、校际均衡及政策保障多角度出发,采取差异化配置策略,以应对未来学龄人口就学的不同需求。

双驱动射频负氢离子源匹配网络设计与实验研究

随着磁约束聚变实验装置对中性束注入器的输出束流强度与脉冲时间的要求越来越高,开展高功率大面积射频离子源的研究迫在眉睫。为了实现大面积、高密度均匀等离子体放电,基于多驱动射频离子源的设计是当前的发展趋势,而阻抗匹配网络是射频功率源将最大功率输送至线圈并耦合至等离子体的关键,故对其结构设计和调谐特性的研究是不可或缺的。基于前期在单驱动射频离子源的研究基础上,结合双驱动射频离子源的放电需求,开展了双驱动阻抗匹配网络优化结构的设计与分析,通过实验中对匹配网络的调谐,成功实现了140 kW高功率和25 kW/1 000 s长脉冲的稳定运行。随后在等离子体稳定放电的基础上研究了两个驱动器之间的功率分配均匀性问题,实验结果表明了该匹配网络的优化设计合理可行,上下驱动器的射频功率分配基本均匀。

面向农机产品服务供应链采购模式匹配评价

随着制造业数字化转型和农机产品服务供应链的应用,突显出农机制造企业产品零部件采购模式,在选择匹配过程中存在主观性与模糊性的问题,提出一种基于物元可拓优度结合可拓层次分析法和CRITIC综合赋权法的采购模式匹配评价方法。从农机制造企业产品自身特征和产品服务供应链影响因素为切入点,构建产品服务供应链视角下的农机制造装备采购模式匹配评价体系,并通过关联函数计算,得到采购模式综合优度排序和单项指标的关联度对比,输出最优采购匹配模式和模式识别度。结果表明,最优采购模式匹配度为0.118,所对应的模式可以作为产供销阶段的核心采购模式。实例计算表明,建立的评价模型与企业匹配度很高,该方法将定性预测和定量决策结合起来,可以为农机制造企业的产品采购模式提供系统科学的匹配工具。

考虑新能源爬坡的风光火耦合系统源荷匹配性分析及容量优化配置

风力发电、光伏发电与火力发电经同一点并网形成耦合系统,是我国北方地区发电侧灵活性调节电源与新能源间高效、低碳协同的一种形式.考虑区域新能源爬坡特性,结合源荷匹配分析,发掘和利用其规律,研究风光火耦合系统的容量优化配置方法,为耦合系统规划提供参考.首先,简述耦合系统运行模式和不确定性处理方法;其次,考虑耦合系统风光互补、爬坡事件和关键负荷特性,选取并提出相关指标用于源荷匹配评价;再次,考虑源荷特性、匹配、成本和收益等约束,建立耦合系统容量优化配置模型;最后,基于辽宁地区实际数据进行算例仿真,得到该地区耦合系统风、光的最优安装容量,并分析上述源荷相关因素与容量优化配置结果之间的相互影响,为新能源最优容量配置提供了参考与建议.

基于碳排放核算的CCUS源汇匹配和部署研究

针对不同碳源捕集能耗、不同运输地貌和距离的压缩功耗,以及CO_(2)驱不同开发阶段能耗和泄漏的差异,以CCUS项目能耗和泄漏、散逸排放为约束条件,项目周期全流程净减排量最大为优化目标,建立碳减排量核算约束下符合油藏动态开发规律的CCUS源汇匹配方法,可为“双碳”目标下CCUS技术产业布局和项目实施提供决策依据。以中国石油在鄂尔多斯盆地的CCUS产业规划为例,综合考虑现有煤电、煤化工碳源运行和装置服役时限、CO_(2)捕集能耗预测、CO_(2)驱注入倍数与循环气量,以及盆地内煤基工业产业布局规划等限制因素,按2025年、2030年、2040年、2050年和2060年5个阶段完成鄂尔多斯盆地CCUS项目源汇匹配优化和阶段部署,匹配的CCUS/CCS项目群在2025—2060期间累计注入CO_(2)约3.96×10^(8)t(含循环气0.48×10^(8)t),扣除各工艺能耗和泄漏排放后的CO_(2)净减排量可达2.54×10^(8)t,净减排效率约为72.9%。

基于多源数据的智慧养老服务供需匹配研究

针对智慧养老服务中供需双方评价信息的表达存在不确定性和模糊性以及供需不匹配的问题,提出了一种基于多源数据的模块化双边匹配决策方法。该方法无需将信息统一,减少了信息处理损失。考虑老年群体存在需求差异的情况,利用两步聚类法对其进行分类;针对智慧养老服务评价属性异质性特点,采用概率语言术语、直觉模糊数处理定性评价信息,用精确数处理定量评价信息;通过改进离差最大化法计算属性权重;运用折衷解决方法得到双边效用满意度,构建双边匹配模型。最后通过上海市老年群体智慧养老供需匹配仿真实验对方法的可行性和合理性进行验证。结果表明,所提方法识别出了5类老年群体,可以为不同特征的老年群体匹配不同的智慧养老服务。

基于?分析的热电联产能耗一致性评价方法

现有热电联产能耗评价“好处归热”或“好处归电”,将节能效益单一划分给发电或供热,不能合理反映热、电两种能量的品位差异。为弥补上述不足,将蒸汽划分为凝汽流和供热流,把循环?损失依据产生根源分摊到发电和供热上,通过?分析建立电、热产品定量统一表征方法和电热能耗一致性表达式。用能质系数简化动态过程计算,将基于?分析的热电联产单耗分析模型拓展至描述电热能耗的时空分布。通过实际案例验证新算法合理性。结果表明:供热流向热网水释放的?与循环?损失构成供热量;热电联产通过回收冷源?供热和能质匹配实现发电侧和供热侧节能。能耗一致性评价方法可合理反应电热两种产品的能量品位,揭示热电联产发挥节能潜力的途径。