Digital Application Objectives and Benefit Analysis of BIM Technology in Large-Scale Comprehensive Development Projects

This paper discusses the digital application and benefit analysis of building information model(BIM)technology in the large-scale comprehensive development project of the Guangxi headquarters base.The project covers a total area of 92,100 square meters,with a total construction area of 379,700 square meters,including a variety of architectural forms.Through three-dimensional modeling and simulation analysis,BIM technology significantly enhances the design quality and efficiency,shortens the design cycle by about 20%,and promotes the collaboration and integration of project management,improving the management efficiency by about 25%.During the construction phase,the collision detection and four-dimensional visual management functions of BIM technology have improved construction efficiency by about 15%and saved the cost by about 10%.In addition,BIM technology has promoted green building and sustainable development,achieved the dual improvement of technical and economic indicators and social and economic benefits,set an example for enterprises in digital transformation,and opened up new market businesses.

Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Reservoir Operation Based on Improved Set Pair Analysis

A comprehensive evaluation model based on improved set pair analysis is established. Considering the complexity in decision-making process, the model combines the certainties and uncertainties in the schemes, i.e., identical degree, different degree and opposite degree. The relations among different schemes are studied, and the traditional way of solving uncertainty problem is improved. By using the gray correlation to determine the difference degree, the problem of less evaluation indexes and inapparent linear relationship is solved. The difference between the evaluation parameters is smaller in both the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and fuzzy matter-element method, and the dipartite degree of the evaluation result is unobvious. However, the difference between each integrated connection degree is distinct in the improved set pair analysis. Results show that the proposed method is feasible and it obtains better effects than the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and fuzzy matter-element method.

Comprehensive Analysis Method of Slope Stability Based on the Limit Equilibrium and Finite Element Methods and Its Application

To study the safety and stability of large slopes, taking the right side slope of the Yuxi’an tunnel of the Yuchu Expressway Bridge in Yunnan Province as an example, limit equilibrium and finite element analysis were applied to engineering examples to calculate the stability coefficient of the slope before and after excavation in the natural state. After comparative analysis, it was concluded that the former had a clear mechanical model and concept, which could quickly provide stability results;the latter could accurately determine the sliding surface of the slope and simulate the stress state changes of the rock and soil mass. The stability coefficients calculated by the two methods were within the stable range, but their values were different. On this basis, combined with the calculation principles, advantages and disadvantages of the two methods, a comprehensive analysis method of slope stability based on the limit equilibrium and finite element methods was proposed, and the rationality of the stability coefficient calculated by this method was judged for a slope case.

Illustrative Application of the 2^nd-Order Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology to a Paradigm Linear Evolution/Transmission Model: Reaction-Rate Detector Response

This work continues the illustrative application of the “Second Order Comprehensive Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology” (2nd-CASAM) to a benchmark mathematical model that can simulate the evolution and/or transmission of particles in a heterogeneous medium. The model response considered in this work is a reaction-rate detector response, which provides the average interactions of particles with the respective detector or, alternatively, the time-average of the concentration of a mixture of substances in a medium. The definition of this model response includes both uncertain boundary points of the benchmark, thereby providing both direct and indirect contributions to the response sensitivities stemming from the boundaries. The exact expressions for the 1st- and 2nd-order response sensitivities to the boundary and model parameters obtained in this work can serve as stringent benchmarks for inter-comparing the performances of all (deterministic and statistical) sensitivity analysis methods.

Illustrative Application of the 2^nd-Order Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology to a Paradigm Linear Evolution/Transmission Model: Point-Detector Response

This work illustrates the application of the “Second Order Comprehensive Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology” (2nd-CASAM) to a mathematical model that can simulate the evolution and/or transmission of particles in a heterogeneous medium. The model response is the value of the model’s state function (particle concentration or particle flux) at a point in phase-space, which would simulate a pointwise measurement of the respective state function. This paradigm model admits exact closed-form expressions for all of the 1st- and 2nd-order response sensitivities to the model’s uncertain parameters and domain boundaries. These closed-form expressions can be used to verify the numerical results of production and/or commercial software, e.g., particle transport codes. Furthermore, this paradigm model comprises many uncertain parameters which have relative sensitivities of identical magnitudes. Therefore, this paradigm model could serve as a stringent benchmark for inter-comparing the performances of all deterministic and statistical sensitivity analysis methods, including the 2nd-CASAM.

Background modeling methods in video analysis： A review and comparative evaluation

Foreground detection methods can be applied to efficiently distinguish foreground objects including moving or static objects from back- ground which is very important in the application of video analysis, especially video surveillance. An excellent background model can obtain a good foreground detection results. A lot of background modeling methods had been proposed, but few comprehensive evaluations of them are available. These methods suffer from various challenges such as illumination changes and dynamic background. This paper first analyzed advantages and disadvantages of various background modeling methods in video analysis applications and then compared their performance in terms of quality and the computational cost. The Change detection.Net （CDnet2014） dataset and another video dataset with different envi- ronmental conditions （indoor, outdoor, snow） were used to test each method. The experimental results sufficiently demonstrated the strengths and drawbacks of traditional and recently proposed state-of-the-art background modeling methods. This work is helpful for both researchers and engineering practitioners. Codes of background modeling methods evaluated in this paper are available atwww.yongxu.org/lunwen.html.

Expert Anti-Evaluation Model Based on Matter-Element Analysis in Fund Project Peer-Review System

The article analyses several key issues which restrict the effectiveness of fund project peer review work. It analyses the evaluating theory and matter-element theory to access the expert anti-evaluation model, and also studies the expert anti-evaluation index system to support the anti-evaluation method. The practical basis is the true score data of the experts which is collected from the actual anti-evaluation in Liaoning province science and technology fund project peer review system. With the practical experience of the actual project, we prove that the expert index system anti-evaluation model and expert anti-evaluation method can improve the fund project peer review work and play a positive role for the peer review work and also make the review work more scientific and more rational.

Second-Order Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology for Computing Exactly Response Sensitivities to Uncertain Parameters and Boundaries of Linear Systems: Mathematical Framework

This work presents the “Second-Order Comprehensive Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology (2nd-CASAM)” for the efficient and exact computation of 1st- and 2nd-order response sensitivities to uncertain parameters and domain boundaries of linear systems. The model’s response (i.e., model result of interest) is a generic nonlinear function of the model’s forward and adjoint state functions, and also depends on the imprecisely known boundaries and model parameters. In the practically important particular case when the response is a scalar-valued functional of the forward and adjoint state functions characterizing a model comprising N parameters, the 2nd-CASAM requires a single large-scale computation using the First-Level Adjoint Sensitivity System (1st-LASS) for obtaining all of the first-order response sensitivities, and at most N large-scale computations using the Second-Level Adjoint Sensitivity System (2nd-LASS) for obtaining exactly all of the second-order response sensitivities. In contradistinction, forward other methods would require (N2/2 + 3 N/2) large-scale computations for obtaining all of the first- and second-order sensitivities. This work also shows that constructing and solving the 2nd-LASS requires very little additional effort beyond the construction of the 1st-LASS needed for computing the first-order sensitivities. Solving the equations underlying the 1st-LASS and 2nd-LASS requires the same computational solvers as needed for solving (i.e., “inverting”) either the forward or the adjoint linear operators underlying the initial model. Therefore, the same computer software and “solvers” used for solving the original system of equations can also be used for solving the 1st-LASS and the 2nd-LASS. Since neither the 1st-LASS nor the 2nd-LASS involves any differentials of the operators underlying the original system, the 1st-LASS is designated as a “first-level” (as opposed to a “first-order”) adjoint sensitivity system, while the 2nd-LASS is designated as a “second-level” (rather than a “second-order”) adjoint sensitivity system. Mixed second-order response sensitivities involving boundary parameters may arise from all source terms of the 2nd-LASS that involve the imprecisely known boundary parameters. Notably, the 2nd-LASS encompasses an automatic, inherent, and independent “solution verification” mechanism of the correctness and accuracy of the 2nd-level adjoint functions needed for the efficient and exact computation of the second-order sensitivities.

新时期高校图书馆全方位自助文印服务效能分析

图书馆全方位采用自助服务模式已经成为一种必然趋势,但多数图书馆仍采用人工文印和自助文印相结合的混合服务模式,自助文印完全替代人工文印的实效有待印证。文章通过收集北京师范大学文印服务近6年服务效能数据,了解自助文印设备在高校图书馆实践中的使用现状,重点分析了自助文印服务替代人工文印服务对文印服务效能的影响。分析发现,文印服务效能与自助设备使用人群、是否考试周、设备所在功能区、是否有咨询人员相关,图书馆取消人工文印服务后,环比去年相同月份使用量明显增加。采用全自助文印模式后,高校图书馆文印服务效能明显提升,推荐推广全方位自助文印服务模式。

Technical and economic analysis of an oil shale comprehensive utilization process with solid heat carrier technology

To relieve the shortage of oil,exploration of oil shale attracts increasingly attention from different countries,especially in China.Facing with the disadvantages of conventional oil shale retorting technology,more and more attention has been paid to the comprehensive utilization of oil shale for utilizing oil shale efficiently and in an environment-friendly manner.However,there are few systematic studies on comprehensive utilization of oil shale.Thus,this paper is focused on establishing the complete mathematical model of an oil shale comprehensive utilization process with solid heat carrier technology(OSCU-SHC).Moreover,its techno-economic performance is analyzed and compared to a conventional oil shale retorting process with solid heat carrier(OSRSHC).Several key parameters are investigated and optimized during the simulation process.For example,the optimal retorting temperature is set to 500℃.The comparison results show that the OSCU-SHC process has better techno-economic performance since it increases the exergy efficiency by 9.26%,total income by 29.02%,and return on investment by 4.85%.

Models for Analyzing the Driving Force of Cultivated Land Supply Change

This paper focuses on a series of quantitative an al ysis models, such as grey relational analysis model, hierarchical cluster an alysis model, principal component analysis model, linear regression model and elastic coefficient model. These models are used to analyze the comprehensive function and effect of driving forces systemically, including analysis on featur es, analysis for differentiating the primary and the secondary, analysis on comp rehensive effects, analysis of elasticity, analysis of prediction. The primary a nd characteristic factors can be extracted by analysis of features and analysis for differentiating the primary and the secondary. Analysis on prediction an d elasticity can predict the area of cultivated land in the future and find out which factors exert great influence on the cultivated land supply.

面料性能对不同款式衣褶造型变化规律的影响

为更好地在服装设计中应用褶皱造型,深入剖析面料性能对衣褶造型效果的影响,基于自由端垂荡褶、阴褶、斜向褶、翻折式垂荡褶、抽褶5款特征明显有代表性的衣褶造型和棉机织物、醋酯纤维机织物、涤纶针织物3种不同性能的面料正交组合制作15件样衣,建立灰度共生矩阵和模糊评价模型,从客观指标和主观评分2方面定量分析不同面料和不同款式之间衣褶造型效果的对应关系。研究结果表明,不同类别的褶皱造型对面料要求存在差异:外力施加类褶皱应避免使用针织面料;垂荡褶类端部固定褶皱可以减少面料易变形产生的负面影响;悬垂性好的面料可以改善随机褶类褶皱分布的不规律性。

基于G1-EW云模型的火工品保障人员能力素质评估

针对火工品保障人员能力素质评估问题,根据全面质量管理理论和过程安全管理理论,在指标设置过程中采用灰色关联分析法对指标进行筛选,构建了较为科学的评估指标体系。通过博弈论思想将序关系分析法与灰色关联分析法(G1)联合使用求解的指标权重与熵权法(entropy weight,EW)所求权重进行组合,使权重设置更合理,运用云模型实现对评估指标的定量分析与定性分析的综合考虑,最终建立了一种基于G1-EW云模型的火工品保障人员能力素质评估模型。实例验证结果证明了该模型合理、有效,对火工品保障人员能力素质提升具有一定的指导作用。

基于模糊DEMATEL-超效率DEA的可再生能源发电技术综合效益评估方法

“双碳”目标下,各类可再生能源发电技术发展迅速,综合权衡不同可再生能源发电方案的综合效益对可再生能源的优化设计具有重要意义。综合考虑经济效益、环境效益、能源效益和社会效益4个层面,提出了一种基于模糊决策试验和评价实验(decision making trial and evaluation laboratory,DEMATEL)与超效率数据包络分析(data envelopment analysis,DEA)模型的可再生能源发电技术综合效益评估方法。该方法分为投入-产出指标体系构建和综合评估2个阶段。首先,利用三角直觉模糊数处理模糊评价信息,将其与DEMATEL相结合量化各指标之间相互影响关系,基于指标间逻辑分析结果建立投入-产出评估指标体系。然后,基于超效率DEA模型对各可再生能源发电方案进行评估排序,结合投入冗余和产出不足分析结果给出各方案的针对性改善建议,以期为进一步选择和确定可再生能源产业发展战略提供参考。最后以某省10类可再生能源发电单元为研究对象,基于所提研究方法进行综合评估和分析,并与多准则妥协解排序法和熵权法进行对比分析,验证了所提方法的有效性。

基于VWM-GRA的新型Fuzzy-FMEA复杂装备风险评估方法

失效模式和影响分析(Failure Mode and Effect Analysis,FMEA)是一种识别和预防复杂装备潜在故障模式的风险评估方法,然而,现有FMEA方法采用等权重和精确数表征不确定情形下的风险因素评估信息,导致风险优先数(Risk Priority Number,RPN)难以准确评估复杂装备故障模式的风险优先级。针对这一难题,文中提出了一种基于变权方法-灰色关联分析(Variable Weight Method-Grey Relation Analysis,VWM-GRA)的新型Fuzzy-FMEA复杂装备风险评估方法。在风险因素权重分配方面,在模糊熵值法的基础上,考虑风险评估信息对风险因素权重的影响,构建风险因素变权综合模型以动态调整风险因素权重值,据此确定风险因素的客观变权重;在风险优先数排序方面,在模糊语言变量表征风险因素评估信息的基础上,考虑风险因素评估信息不确定性量化对故障模式排序精度的影响,构建故障模式模糊灰色关联分析模型,以获取评估信息数据序列间的相对关联度,据此评估故障模式的风险优先级。最后,通过航空发动机主轴轴承的故障模式风险实例,分析验证文中方法的有效性。案例分析表明:该方法能够有效解决不确定情形下准确评估复杂装备故障模式风险优先级的难题。

政策视角下综合素质评价的定位与实施路径研究

尽管经过多年的探索,综合素质评价在各地的实践中仍面临诸多现实困境。因此,厘清政策视角下综合素质评价的定位和实施路径,以为其有效落地提供方向指引尤为关键。该研究基于大语言模型和K-means聚类等量化分析方法,对1985年至今的80份国家上位政策文件展开分析,深入挖掘政策文件中关于综合素质评价内涵定位、目标定位、评价方法、结果应用的核心话语主题,并系统梳理这些主题在不同发展阶段的演进脉络及相互关系。基于研究结果提出以下发展建议:完善理论体系建设,体现综合素质评价全面性与发展性的内涵定位;构建长周期诊断性评价体系,平衡选拔与育人双重目标定位;加强技术赋能,建立兼具方法科学性与地方适应性的评价体系;探索数据转换机制,提升综合素质评价在教育宏观治理中的调控作用;构建内涵定位、目标定位、评价方法与结果应用四位一体的闭环机制,推动综合素质评价向与社会需求相适应的动态优化体系发展。

航海院校弘扬航海文化效果的评价指标构建

航海文化是海洋强国战略的文化基础。在弘扬航海文化的效果评价上,根据航海文化弘扬的实际效果,总结弘扬过程中的成就与不足,是传统航海院校打造航海文化品牌、提升航海文化影响力的需要。基于CIPP模型确定航海院校弘扬航海文化效果的评价指标,在此基础上运用层次分析法确定各指标的权重,形成评价指标体系,运用模糊综合评价法进行效果评价。根据模型,结合实际院校情况,查找弘扬航海文化的不足,提出了相应的建议。

“双碳”背景下钢铁新产线选址的环境结合度评价——以中国宝武为例

为准确测度“双碳”(即碳达峰、碳中和的合称)背景下具体工业门类选址与环境体系的结合发展实效,通过研究钢铁新产线的选址取向及环境关切转变,提出新产线选址的环境结合度评价框架。通过数据包络分析(Data Envelopment Analysis,DEA)模型计算环境-经济效率,通过动态综合评价模型揭示时间序列上效率的变化特征,以构建一套钢铁新产线选址的环境结合度评价方法,进而对中国宝武钢铁集团部分生产基地开展实证分析。评价结果为上海宝山基地的环境结合度最高。研究表明:环境结合度是“双碳”背景下钢铁新产线向既有基地选址时主要的环境关切,而环境结合度的评价框架和评价方法可有效表征连续时间序列上既有基地与所在城市环境体系的互促共进态势,对大型钢企未来选址新产线具有一定指导作用。

不同农业生产托管模式综合性能评价及影响因素分析

农业生产托管是推进服务规模经营、加速小农户与现代农业生产有机衔接的有效途径,因此,探究何种农业生产托管模式更具优势具有重要意义。基于单环节、多环节及全程托管等生产托管模式,以黑龙江农业生产托管情况为数据基础,运用BP神经网络和障碍度模型,综合评价不同农业生产托管模式并探讨其影响因素。结果表明,全程托管模式综合性能更好。引起不同模式差异的共性因素表现在经济性准则层中,说明经济性是农业生产托管综合性能提升的关键,而全程农业生产托管主要受公顷收入影响,受其他因素影响较小。据此,提出适度推广农业生产全程托管模式等对策建议。

留守经历与学业成就内在关系的争论与反思

童年期的留守经历究竟对学业成就有着怎样的影响,学界尚无普遍共识。国内外已有的实证研究关注了何种留守、何人留守、何时留守、何处留守等的差异性作用,但具体结论却存在巨大分歧。这种分歧除了数据可靠性、方法适切性、标准主观性等研究质量方面的原因外,也与相关的比较分析中未控制部分重要因素有关。如在何种留守的比较中,忽视了曾经留守或流动及反复留守流动等个人生活史因素及不同维度类别间的交互作用;在何人留守的分析中,忽略了个人特征与是否被留守的自选择性偏误;在何处留守的比较分析中,忽略了地域所处发展阶段;在比较分析中,忽略了对比双方的群体性差异,等等。今后的研究,需综合考虑留守者个体特征、留守场景、留守危险因子及留守保护因子等因素,建构整合性的分析模型,以更为科学全面地评估留守儿童面临的学业困境,并据此提出个性化的解决方案。