On traceable iterated line graph and hamiltonian path index

Xiong and Liu[21]gave a characterization of the graphs G for which the n-iterated line graph L^(n)(G)is hamiltonian,for n≥2.In this paper,we study the existence of a hamiltonian path in L^(n)(G),and give a characterization of G for which L^(n)(G)has a hamiltonian path.As applications,we use this characterization to give several upper bounds on the hamiltonian path index of a graph.

A GAN-EfficientNet-Based Traceability Method for Malicious Code Variant Families

Due to the diversity and unpredictability of changes in malicious code,studying the traceability of variant families remains challenging.In this paper,we propose a GAN-EfficientNetV2-based method for tracing families of malicious code variants.This method leverages the similarity in layouts and textures between images of malicious code variants from the same source and their original family of malicious code images.The method includes a lightweight classifier and a simulator.The classifier utilizes the enhanced EfficientNetV2 to categorize malicious code images and can be easily deployed on mobile,embedded,and other devices.The simulator utilizes an enhanced generative adversarial network to simulate different variants of malicious code and generates datasets to validate the model’s performance.This process helps identify model vulnerabilities and security risks,facilitating model enhancement and development.The classifier achieves 98.61%and 97.59%accuracy on the MMCC dataset and Malevis dataset,respectively.The simulator’s generated image of malicious code variants has an FID value of 155.44 and an IS value of 1.72±0.42.The classifier’s accuracy for tracing the family of malicious code variants is as high as 90.29%,surpassing that of mainstream neural network models.This meets the current demand for high generalization and anti-obfuscation abilities in malicious code classification models due to the rapid evolution of malicious code.

Potentials and Challenges of Carbon Knowledge Graph in Sustainable Textile Production for Carbon Traceability:A Review

Textile production has received considerable attention owing to its significance in production value,the complexity of its manufacturing processes and the extensive reach of its supply chains.However,textile industry consumes substantial energy and materials and emits greenhouse gases that severely harm the environment.In addressing this challenge,the concept of sustainable production offers crucial guidance for the sustainable development of the textile industry.Low-carbon manufacturing technologies provide robust technical support for the textile industry to transition to a low-carbon model by optimizing production processes,enhancing energy efficiency and minimizing material waste.Consequently,low-carbon manufacturing technologies have gradually been implemented in sustainable textile production scenarios.However,while research on low-carbon manufacturing technologies for textile production has advanced,these studies predominantly concentrate on theoretical methods,with relatively limited exploration of practical applications.To address this gap,a thorough overview of carbon emission management methods and tools in textile production,as well as the characteristics and influencing factors of carbon emissions in key textile manufacturing processes is presented to identify common issues.Additionally,two new concepts,carbon knowledge graph and carbon traceability,are introduced,offering strategic recommendations and application directions for the low-carbon development of sustainable textile production.Beginning with seven key aspects of sustainable textile production,the characteristics of carbon emissions and their influencing factors in key textile manufacturing process are systematically summarized.The aim is to provide guidance and optimization strategies for future emission reduction efforts by exploring the carbon emission situations and influencing factors at each stage.Furthermore,the potential and challenges of carbon knowledge graph technology are summarized in achieving carbon traceability,and several research ideas and suggestions are proposed.

Research Progress and Prospects of Traceability Methods of Organic Matter in Lake Sediment

Organic matter in sediment is an important carrier of energy and material circulation in ecosystems,and also provides an important place for the accumulation of nutrient salts.The study of its composition,structure and characteristics is of great importance for the study of the geochemical cycle of sediment in water environment.Identifying the source of organic matter in sediment and mastering its temporal and spatial distribution characteristics are important ways to reveal the migration and transformation law of pollutants,which is conducive to controlling nutrient load from the source and providing strong technical support for the fine management of water environment.

Research of Blockchain Technology in the Traceability of Characteristic Agricultural Products

With the increasingly prominent problem of food safety,the quality traceability of characteristic agricultural products has become a pressing issue.This study focuses on the application of blockchain technology in the traceability of characteristic agricultural products,aiming to explore its potential and practical value in improving the efficiency and transparency of the traceability system of agricultural products.Through the combination of case analysis and model construction,a blockchain-based traceability system for characteristic agricultural products was established.The results showed that the traceability system could effectively record the whole process information of agricultural products from production and processing to sales,and greatly improve the immutability and traceability of data.Lastly,this paper also points out that the use of blockchain technology can improve the market trust in characteristic agricultural products,provide consumers with authentic and reliable product information,and provide new technical means for the quality management of agricultural products.

Application of Blockchain Sharding Technology in Chinese Medicine Traceability System

Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is one of the most promising programs for disease prevention and treatment.Meanwhile,the quality of TCM has garnered much attention.To ensure the quality of TCM,many works are based on the blockchain scheme to design the traceability scheme of TCM to trace its origin.Although these schemes can ensure the integrity,sharability,credibility,and immutability of TCM more effectively,many problems are exposed with the rapid growth of TCM data in blockchains,such as expensive overhead,performance bottlenecks,and the traditional blockchain architecture is unsuitable for TCM data with dynamic growth.Motivated by the aforementioned problems,we propose a novel and lightweight TCM traceability architecture based on the blockchain using sharding(LBS-TCM).Compared to the existing blockchain-based TCM traceability system,our architecture utilizes sharding to develop a novel traceability mechanism that supports more convenient traceability operations for TCM requirements such as uploading,querying,and downloading.Specifically,our architecture consists of a leader shard blockchain layer as its main component,which employs a sharding mechanism to conveniently TCM tracing.Empirical evaluations demonstrated that our architecture showed better performance in many aspects compared to traditional blockchain architectures,such as TCM transaction processing,TCM transaction querying,TCM uploading,etc.In our architecture,tracing TCM has become a very efficient operation,which ensures the quality of TCM and provides great convenience for subsequent TCM analysis and retrospective research.

A Secure Multi-factor Authentication Protocol for Healthcare Services Using Cloud-based SDN

Cloud-based SDN(Software Defined Network)integration offers new kinds of agility,flexibility,automation,and speed in the network.Enterprises and Cloud providers both leverage the benefits as networks can be configured and optimized based on the application requirement.The integration of cloud and SDN paradigms has played an indispensable role in improving ubiquitous health care services.It has improved the real-time monitoring of patients by medical practitioners.Patients’data get stored at the central server on the cloud from where it is available to medical practitioners in no time.The centralisation of data on the server makes it more vulnerable to malicious attacks and causes a major threat to patients’privacy.In recent days,several schemes have been proposed to ensure the safety of patients’data.But most of the techniques still lack the practical implementation and safety of data.In this paper,a secure multi-factor authentication protocol using a hash function has been proposed.BAN(Body Area Network)logic has been used to formally analyse the proposed scheme and ensure that no unauthenticated user can steal sensitivepatient information.Security Protocol Animator(SPAN)–Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications(AVISPA)tool has been used for simulation.The results prove that the proposed scheme ensures secure access to the database in terms of spoofing and identification.Performance comparisons of the proposed scheme with other related historical schemes regarding time complexity,computation cost which accounts to only 423 ms in proposed,and security parameters such as identification and spoofing prove its efficiency.

Cross-Domain Data Traceability Mechanism Based on Blockchain

With the application and development of blockchain technology,many problems faced by blockchain traceability are gradually exposed.Such as cross-chain information collaboration,data separation and storage,multisystem,multi-security domain collaboration,etc.To solve these problems,it is proposed to construct trust domains based on federated chains.The public chain is used as the authorization chain to build a cross-domain data traceability mechanism applicable to multi-domain collaboration.First,the architecture of the blockchain cross-domain model is designed.Combined with the data access strategy and the decision mechanism,the open and transparent judgment of cross-domain permission and cross-domain identity authentication is realized.And the public chain consensus node election mechanism is realized based on PageRank.Then,according to the characteristics of a nonsingle chain structure in the process of data flow,a data retrievalmechanism based on a Bloom filter is designed,and the cross-domain traceability algorithm is given.Finally,the safety and effectiveness of the traceability mechanism are verified by security evaluation and performance analysis.

Smart Contract to Traceability of Food Social Selling

Traditionally,food sustainability has been considered solely in the stage of agricultural production.However,globalization,the expansion of the food production industry,and the emergence of supermarket chains that control the retail food market require specific significant changes in supply chains in the food sector and,therefore,we need to address the economic,social,and environmental impacts of these events.On the other hand,social selling has increased rapidly in recent years,with a further boom,following current events related to the coronavirus disease(COVID-19).This explosion of social sales,where there are usually no control and regulation entities,can bring problems associated with mishandling items.In this paper,we expose how Blockchain technology supports the traceability of social sales by validating the data provided by the chain participants such as digital health passports,production and transport data in the sale process;the proposed solution generates recommendations on productmanagement considering the agreements previously made by the network actors.To evaluate the proposed smart contracts,we useHyperledger Caliper,obtaining an average throughput of 12.6 transactions per second and an average latency of 0.3 s for the asset update process.We also use a study case to evaluate the proposed project platform’s selling-transport stage using Internet of Things(IoT)sensors.

Impacts of Transparency and Traceability on Fashion Supply Chain System

The level of fashion consumer awareness and communication regarding sustainable consumption is rising. Organizations are working to provide clarity and guidance on fashion consumption. Brands are experimenting with new materials and supply chain strategies, and suppliers are improving the manufacturing processes and quality of products. However, given the size and complexity of the industrial process, these efforts are not adequate in ensuring a sustainable fashion supply chain. Transparency and traceability in the fashion supply chain are needed to improve the fashion industry by supporting sustainable and ethical practices in the apparel supply chain. Key gaps include a lack of comprehensive and transparent information about how, where, and by whom materials are sourced, processed, and assembled;a lack of transparency in the supply chain practices and procedures affects the environment, working conditions, and human health. The industry has to build the capacity to manage its supply chain, more effectively and responsibly, by improving transparency and traceability as the top goals. So, in this context, the main purpose of this research paper is to study the impacts of transparency and traceability on the dimensions of sustainability in fashion supply chain. The researchers have applied descriptive research methods in which secondary data are collected and analyzed through a literature review of peer-reviewed research papers and the primary data are collected through the survey method by distributing a semi structured questionnaire. The data collected are analyzed using statistical tools and techniques. Finally, the results are discussed and presented.

ChainApparel: A Trustworthy Blockchain and IoT-Based Traceability Framework for Apparel Industry 4.0

Trustworthiness and product traceability are essential factors in the apparel industry 4.0 for establishing successful business relationships among stakeholders such as customers,manufacturers,suppliers,and consumers.Each stakeholder has implemented different technology-based systems to record and track product transactions.However,these systems work in silos,and there is no intra-system communication,leading to a lack of complete supply chain traceability for all apparel stakeholders.Moreover,apparel stakeholders are reluctant to share their business information with business competitors;thus,they involve third-party auditors to ensure the quality of the final product.Furthermore,the apparel manufacturing industry faces challenges with counterfeit products,making it difficult for consumers to determine the authenticity of the products.Therefore,in this paper,a trustworthy apparel product traceability framework called ChainApparel is developed using the Internet of Things(IoT)and blockchain to address these challenges of authenticity and traceability of apparel products.Specifically,multiple smart contracts are designed and developed for registration,process execution,audit,fault,and product traceability to authorize,validate,and trace every business transaction among the apparel stakeholders.Further,the real-time performance analysis of ChainApparel is carried out regarding transaction throughput and latency by deploying the compute nodes at different geographical locations using Hyperledger Fabric.The results conclude that ChainApparel accomplished significant performance under diverse workloads while ensuring complete traceability along the complex supply chain of the apparel industry.Thus,the ChainApparel framework helps make the apparel product more trustworthy and transparent in the market while safeguarding trust among the industry stakeholders.

Traceability Technology of DC Electric Energy Metering for On-Site Inspection of Chargers

The on-site inspection of high-power DC chargers results in new DC high-current measurement and DC energy traceability system requirements.This paper studies the traceability technology of electric energy value for automotive high-power DC chargers,including:(1)the traceability method of the built-in DC energy meter and shunt of the charger;(2)precision DC high current and small precision DC voltage output and measurement technology.This paper designs a 0.1 mA∼600 A DC high current measurement system and proposes a 0.005 level DC powermeasurement traceability system.The uncertainty evaluation experiment of theDC powermeasurement calibration system and the high-power DC charger’s on-site calibration experiment results verify the method’s effectiveness and feasibility in this paper.The experimental results show that the combined standard uncertainty of the DC power metering verification system can be 0.0451%.

Research on Welding Quality Traceability Model of Offshore Platform Block Construction Process

Quality traceability plays an essential role in assembling and welding offshore platform blocks.The improvement of the welding quality traceability system is conducive to improving the durability of the offshore platform and the process level of the offshore industry.Currently,qualitymanagement remains in the era of primary information,and there is a lack of effective tracking and recording of welding quality data.When welding defects are encountered,it is difficult to rapidly and accurately determine the root cause of the problem from various complexities and scattered quality data.In this paper,a composite welding quality traceability model for offshore platform block construction process is proposed,it contains the quality early-warning method based on long short-term memory and quality data backtracking query optimization algorithm.By fulfilling the training of the early-warning model and the implementation of the query optimization algorithm,the quality traceability model has the ability to assist enterprises in realizing the rapid identification and positioning of quality problems.Furthermore,the model and the quality traceability algorithm are checked by cases in actual working conditions.Verification analyses suggest that the proposed early-warningmodel for welding quality and the algorithmfor optimizing backtracking requests are effective and can be applied to the actual construction process.

论预制菜的安全追溯体系

预制菜行业发展迅速,但与之配套的安全追溯体系却未能及时建立。实践中,预制菜的安全追溯体系面临着主体分工不明确,追溯范围不清晰以及识别技术不统一等问题。为了预制菜行业的可持续发展,实现预制菜去向可追、来源可查、责任可定,有必要建立起预制菜的安全追溯体系。分析了预制菜行业的食品安全问题,总结了现行食品安全追溯体系的现状与不足,并提出了完善预制菜安全追溯体系的路径,指出应在食品安全法律规范的基础上,明确预制菜安全追溯体系的追溯主体、追溯范围和识别技术,以期推动预制菜行业健康发展,使预制菜吃得放心,用得安心。

基于文献计量学分析的全球食品追溯研究进展

食品追溯是确保食品质量与安全的重要手段,本文对2001—2022年科学引文索引数据库收录的食品追溯论文进行计量分析和可视化呈现,以便为国内食品追溯的进一步研究和开发提供参考。结果发现:全球共有80个国家/地区、1 136个研究机构、3 020名作者、255种期刊开展了食品追溯研究,跨国家/地区合作、多学科交叉融合频繁;中国、意大利、美国、西班牙、荷兰等表现出较大的研究体量与较强的合作关系,意大利、美国、荷兰、西班牙食品追溯研究的总体质量较高,研究领域集中在食品科学技术、化学、农业、工程学上,在计算机科学、生态学与环境学、饮食与营养学领域也有较多研究成果。研究热点有食品质量与安全、食品供应链管理、原产地、追溯技术、食品鉴别与认证、支付意愿等。未来学术前沿将围绕基于工业4.0的智能食品追溯系统、以全基因组学和下一代测序技术为代表的食品真实性检测鉴别技术以及食品追溯系统主体参与动力、利益博弈和溢价支付的机制3个方面展开。

融合威胁情报与知识图谱的网络攻击溯源方法

[研究目的]攻击溯源是网络空间安全保障的重要组成部分,面对网络空间数据海量、异质多元、结构松散等特点,亟需大数据分析与人工智能相结合,有效识别敌手攻击威胁,溯源攻击链和背后的攻击组织,并实施针对性防御。[研究方法]针对攻击威胁特征识别难的问题,提出了知识图谱驱动的网络攻击溯源方法,以脆弱性利用动作为核心构建攻击事件框架,并以事件为单位实施告警关联,重构攻击场景。在此基础上,利用威胁指纹知识图谱,整合已公开的威胁情报知识,并抽取攻击场景中的威胁特征作为指纹,分析两者相似性,溯源攻击者。[研究结论]实验结果表明,该方法能够利用攻击事件框架充实攻击行为的上下文信息,并基于知识图谱有效溯源攻击者,从而利用攻击者已有的威胁情报,增强高级可持续攻击威胁特征识别的全面性。

Analysis on Classified Storage and Traceability of Construction Project Archives

With the development and progress of economic construction and market economy,urban construction is also developing rapidly.In the field of construction engineering,a large number of construction engineering files are constantly being produced and accumulated.Therefore,the role of file management is becoming more and more important.The archives are the true records of the whole process of project construction,including the information on the whole process from project design to completion,and are also the main basis for operation management after project delivery.However,there are many aspects to construction project archives,and there are many problems.Nowadays,the classification and preservation of archives are receiving more and more attention.In this article,the origin and development history of construction project archives is first expounded,and its attributes and importance are analyzed.Secondly,the differences between ancient and modern archives management are compared,and at the same time suggestions on improving the archives’traceability system,strengthening the use of archives,and establishing and improving archives management are given.In this paper,we summarize the problems in archives sorting and put forward specific solutions to improve the standardization and systematic management of archives work and enhance the authenticity and integrity of construction project archives.

面向软件定义网络的异常流量检测研究综述

针对软件定义网络(SDN)较传统网络更易遭受网络攻击的现实,从技术原理和架构特点出发,对近年来面向软件定义网络的异常流量检测研究进展进行综述,分析了SDN可能遭受网络攻击的组织形式,讨论了当前SDN异常流量检测、异常流量溯源、异常流量缓解相关技术的特点、优势及不足;对当前研究中常用的数据集进行了对比分析,并梳理出一些通用的数据预处理方法;总结并展望了未来SDN环境下异常流量检测方法的研究方向。调研结果可以指导实际应用需求中适配方法的选取,提出待解决的问题和矛盾可为后续研究提供引导。

区块链食品追溯系统对消费者食品安全信任的影响机制

运用信任转移理论和D&M信息系统成功模型,构建基于区块链追溯的食品安全信任模型,深入探讨区块链食品追溯系统对消费者食品安全信任的机制。研究发现,系统质量、信息质量可以显著促进消费者食品安全信任,系统信任和供应商信任在此过程中起到了显著的中介作用,区块链知识在系统信任到食品安全信任转移过程中存在显著的正向调节作用。据此提出通过建设和维护区块链食品追溯系统,收集和分析系统数据,优化系统质量和信息披露,普及区块链知识等措施,增强消费者对食品的信任感,进一步提升食品安全水平。

具有高价值密度的农业物联网数据区块链压缩存储方案

针对现有区块链物联网体系主要采用链上存储摘要链下保留原始数据的存储方式中链上无法直接获得真实数据的问题,该研究提出了一种具有高价值密度的农业物联网数据区块链压缩存储方案。首先,边缘服务器将收集的同一批数据聚合到同一批事务中;其次,设计离群值可处理的自适应有损压缩方法,在满足用户保真度要求的前提下降低数据冗余;最后,压缩数据上链,实现区块链上物联网数据的高价值密度存储。与现有方案相比,该方案能提高链上存储真实物联网数据的效率。试验结果表明,在使用自适应压缩方法压缩数据时,针对不同的数据集会自适应选取k值,在满足用户重建精度的前提下,获得良好压缩效果,减少链上存储空间,提高了数据价值密度;相对于风速之类频率较高的数据,温湿度、二氧化碳等变化频率较低的数据可以获得较高的压缩比;当假设正常数据压缩比为10:1时,该方案可节省约85%的链上存储空间,相应的价值密度提高了约85%。该研究可为农产品溯源过程中的物联网数据高效存储提供解决方案,为实现分布式农业物联网数据压缩存储提供技术支持。