Analysis English Translation of Chinese Poems' Color Words——Functional Equivalence Theory

The translation of Chinese ancient poems has always been the direction of many translators at home and abroad,and the translation of color words has gradually become the object of study.However,due to the difference between translation theory and perspective,there are many controversial translations.Based on the theory of "functional equivalence" proposed by American translation theorist Eugene Nida,this paper analyzes the concrete translation of Chinese ancient poems,and aims to explore how to translate the color words in ancient poems in the best way,And summed up the specific and practical translation methods.

Measuring Dynamic Correlations of Words in Written Texts with an Autocorrelation Function

In this study, we regard written texts as time series data and try to investigate dynamic correlations of word occurrences by utilizing an autocorrelation function (ACF). After defining appropriate formula for the ACF that is suitable for expressing the dynamic correlations of words, we use the formula to calculate ACFs for frequent words in 12 books. The ACFs obtained can be classified into two groups: One group of ACFs shows dynamic correlations, with these ACFs well described by a modified Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) function;the other group of ACFs shows no correlations, with these ACFs fitted by a simple stepdown function. A word having the former ACF is called a Type-I word and a word with the latter ACF is called a Type-II word. It is also shown that the ACFs of Type-II words can be derived theoretically by assuming that the stochastic process governing word occurrence is a homogeneous Poisson point process. Based on the fitting of the ACFs by KWW and stepdown functions, we propose a measure of word importance which expresses the extent to which a word is important in a particular text. The validity of the measure is confirmed by using the Kleinburg’s burst detection algorithm.

Function Words Analysis——A Reading Comprehension Aid for Chinese Engineers

Background Generally speaking. Chinese college graduates in the fifties and sixties took Russian as their second language, and those who graduated in the seventies had no second language to speak of. Now, in the years of our Open Door Policy, they find they have to learn some English and learn it quickly. They try to learn from radio and TV and many take English courses of 4 to 6 months, with varying degree of success. Their chief stumbling blocks

Translation of Culture-Loaded Words in Tales of Hulan River from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory

This research analyzes the culture-loaded words in English version of Tales of Hulan River bases on functional equivalence theory.The major point is what strategies Howard Goldblatt uses to achieve the equivalences in semantic message,stylistic message,cultural message and response of readers,and the reasons why he uses them.This thesis contains four chapters,starting with the background,significances and the organization of the research.Chapter two introduces Tales of Hulan River as well as Xiao Hong and Howard Goldblatt,as well as the functional equivalence theory.To analyze the translation strategies of Goldblatt,chapter three divided the culture-loaded words into three categories,which is dialect,custom and proverb respectively,in this translation work of Tales of Hulan River from the perspective of functional equivalence theory.Last one is conclusion,summarizing the whole research.This paper highlights the translating of this novel into different languages and the spreading of Chinese culture.

浅谈Word软件在编辑工作中的应用——以Word2007版本为例

Word软件具有功能强大、操作便捷等特点,是应用最为广泛的文字处理软件之一。文章以Word2007版本为例,介绍编辑工作中常用的Word功能,希望对从事编辑工作的人员和其他想了解Word软件的人员有所帮助。

Fuzzy Words Distribution in Management Science Research Articles

By using ZHANG Qiao＇s method for identifying fuzzy words （1998）, the present paper makes a statistic analysis of fuzzy words appearing in about 43,000 words of 6 academic research articles in management science. A distribution curve of fuzzy words in management research articles is drawn in accordance with the structures of the articles, and it is proved to be reasonable for tile discourse function of each section. Furthermore, the fuzzy words are divided into three categories and eleven sub-categories, including Category Ⅰ-fuzzy words, Category Ⅱ-fuzzy words＋non-fuzzy part / non-fuzzy part＋fuzzy words, Category Ⅲ-approximators＋fuzzy words. Distribution of fuzzy words varies in different sections of research articles in management science, because of different communicative purposes or discourse functions. Introduction section and Conclusion section have a higher occurrence rate of fuzzy words than Abstract section and Methodology and Data section.

n-words模型下Hesse稀疏表示的图像检索算法

论文针对视觉词袋(BOVW)模型放弃图像空间结构的缺点,提出一种基于Hesse稀疏编码的图像检索算法。首先,建立n-words模型,获得图像局部特征表示。n-words模型由一系列连续视觉词获得,是图像特征的一种高级描述。该文从n=1到n=5进行试验,寻找最恰当的n值;其次,将二阶Hesse能量函数融入标准稀疏编码的目标函数,得到Hesse稀疏编码公式;最后,以获得的n-words序列作为编码特征,利用特征符号搜索算法求解最优Hesse系数,计算相似度,返回检索结果。实验在两类数据集上进行,与BOVW模型和已有的算法相比,新算法极大地提高了图像检索的准确率。

How New Words Are Formed

With the development of the society and culture, English vocabulary change rapidly. English has always been in a state of evolution. In recent years new words enter the English language at an increasing rate. This paper makes an attempt to analyze eight ways of new English word formation, creating, blending, shortening, functional shift, back- formation, affixation, compounding and borrowing — by presenting mainly English examples.

On the Translation of New Words in Current Affairs

As China continues to open up to the outside world,new words in every aspect of our daily life are emerging at a rapid speed.However,the quality of translation at present is not very satisfactory.This paper analyzes the features of these words,the errors in their translation and discusses the translation strategies based on the Functional Theory of Germany.

Novel Representations of Word Embedding Based on the Zolu Function

Two learning models,Zolu-continuous bags of words(ZL-CBOW)and Zolu-skip-grams(ZL-SG),based on the Zolu function are proposed.The slope of Relu in word2vec has been changed by the Zolu function.The proposed models can process extremely large data sets as well as word2vec without increasing the complexity.Also,the models outperform several word embedding methods both in word similarity and syntactic accuracy.The method of ZL-CBOW outperforms CBOW in accuracy by 8.43%on the training set of capital-world,and by 1.24%on the training set of plural-verbs.Moreover,experimental simulations on word similarity and syntactic accuracy show that ZL-CBOW and ZL-SG are superior to LL-CBOW and LL-SG,respectively.

Origin of Dynamic Correlations of Words in Written Texts

In a previous study, we introduced dynamical aspects of written texts by regarding serial sentence number from the first to last sentence of a given text as discretized time. Using this definition of a textual timeline, we defined an autocorrelation function (ACF) for word occurrences and demonstrated its utility both for representing dynamic word correlations and for measuring word importance within the text. In this study, we seek a stochastic process governing occurrences of a given word having strong dynamic correlations. This is valuable because words exhibiting strong dynamic correlations play a central role in developing or organizing textual contexts. While seeking this stochastic process, we find that additive binary Markov chain theory is useful for describing strong dynamic word correlations, in the sense that it can reproduce characteristics of autocovariance functions (an unnormalized version of ACFs) observed in actual written texts. Using this theory, we propose a model for time-varying probability that describes the probability of word occurrence in each sentence in a text. The proposed model considers hierarchical document structures such as chapters, sections, subsections, paragraphs, and sentences. Because such a hierarchical structure is common to most documents, our model for occurrence probability of words has a wide range of universality for interpreting dynamic word correlations in actual written texts. The main contributions of this study are, therefore, finding usability of the additive binary Markov chain theory to analyze dynamic correlations in written texts and offering a new model of word occurrence probability in which common hierarchical structure of documents is taken into account.

Semantic Features and Applications in Translation of English Words in Pairs

English words in pairs are a special form of English idioms, which have different kinds and are used widely. For English learners, words in pairs are one of the difficult points. This paper discusses their form patterns, semantic relations, grammatical functions, rhetoric features and their application in translation. Its purpose is to help learners understand and use them accurately and correctly so as to improve language expressing ability.

The Analysis of Conversational Implicature of English Nonce Words in Comic Humor

Based on Grice's cooperation principle(CP),this essay attempts to explore the conversational implicature(CI) of English nonce words in comic humor with many examples from famous U.S sitcom Friends.From this new perspective,the paper proposes that the conversational implicatue in comic humor rcannot only be traditionally involved on sentence level,but also in new-coined words or phrases,so the reflection of the speaker's particular communicative needs can be exactly conveyed.

LISP语言和Word的邮件合并功能在地籍调查中的应用

农村宅基地调查存在宗地户数基数庞大、地籍资料数据填写繁杂、人工填写存在耗时长和出错率高等问题。借助Word中的邮件合并功能,使调查所得数据自动填入需要的空白处,利用Word邮件合并功能批量进行打印,大大缩短人工填写的时间,降低了出错率。在地籍资料通过CASS 8.0生成单张的宗地图,仍需要工作人员进行大量的修改工作。首次提出利用二次开发的LISP语言对具有相同修改步骤的宗地图进行批量修改并按比例尺进行分类,结果表明,该种方法在保证质量的前提下有效的提高了宗地图的输出速度,使地基调查工作更加科学、便捷。

瑞马唑仑对肝切除术患者术后苏醒质量及认知功能的影响

目的:观察瑞马唑仑对肝切除术患者术后苏醒质量及认知功能的影响,探讨其临床价值。方法:选择赣南医学院第一附属医院2022年1月—2023年8月收治的需行肝切除手术患者60例,随机分为两组,对照组采取丙泊酚、芬太尼、顺阿曲库铵麻醉诱导,泵注丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼麻醉维持;观察组静脉注射苯磺酸瑞马唑仑、芬太尼、顺阿曲库铵麻醉诱导,泵注苯磺酸瑞马唑仑、瑞芬太尼麻醉维持。比较两组不同时刻生命体征、苏醒质量指标、术后认知功能,并测定血浆中枢神经特异性蛋白(S100β)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平及统计两组不良反应发生情况。结果:两组入室后(T_(0))、麻醉诱导后(T_(1))、切皮时(T_(2))、手术1 h时(T_(3))、手术结束时(T_(4))、拔除气管导管时(T_(5))、出恢复室(T_(6))平均动脉压(MAP)及心率(HR),以及术前1 d、术后1 d、术后3 d简易智能量表(MMSE)评分、血浆S100β、NSE水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组T_(5)时刻的HR水平高于T_(0)时刻,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组呼吸恢复时间、睁眼时间、拔管时间及恢复室停留时间均早于或者短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且观察组不良反应发生率(10.0%)低于对照组(33.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:瑞马唑仑应用于肝切除术患者苏醒时间短,且不影响认知功能,不良反应发生率更低。

论现代汉语虚词与穆旦诗歌节奏的建构

大量虚词入诗对穆旦诗歌节奏有根本性影响:虚词改变了传统诗歌双音步为主的节奏机制,建构了灵活多变的超音步节奏机制;打破了汉语诗歌“连续强重音”状态,形成具有轻重起伏和快慢交替的语音节奏。助词、介词等虚词的连续重复或间隔重复,构成绵密、对称、整齐的视觉节奏,介词宾语的多变体现了现代汉语诗歌节奏“有约束的自由”的特征;虚词“同位重复”的布局形成结构相同、平行展开的意群或诗节,构成均齐的视觉节奏。虚词与实词相结合起到情感和意义“增值”的审美作用;穆旦诗歌中情绪节奏与语思节奏密不可分,二者均呈现出复杂,多重,多向,多变的特征,形成“多声部”、多变的节奏。穆旦诗歌节奏是立体多元的现代诗歌节奏,穆旦竭力在传统诗歌节奏和西方诗歌节奏之间探索出一条适合现代汉语的“声音”之路。

系统功能语言学视角下中国西南地区文化负载词英译策略研究——以翻译《湘漓文化》为例

在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的指导下,我国越来越注重提高文化软实力。湘漓文化作为中华文化的一部分,其相关资料的外宣翻译质量对我们是否能讲好中国故事有重要影响。湘漓文化史料中的文化负载词众多,如何贴切地将它们翻译出来是译者必须思考的问题。该文从系统功能语言学中的人际元视角出发,结合具体案例讨论文化负载词的翻译策略,灵活运用直译法、意译法和音译加注法,力求寻求最佳的翻译方法。该研究旨在提升湘漓文化相关文本的翻译质量,为文化负载词的翻译提供参考,并通过此次研究,增进世界各国对中国文化的了解,促进中国文化走向世界。

功能对等理论视角下中国文化负载词的翻译研究——以2017~2022年大学英语四级段落翻译为例

自十八大报告提出“增强文化自信”以来,中国传统文化受到了高度关注。四级英语考试中大量中国文化负载词的出现体现了这一时代的发展和要求。文章基于功能对等理论,以2017年6月到2022年12月的四级翻译真题为研究文本,根据分类采用音译、直译、意译等方法翻译出其文化内涵和意义,从而提高大学生英语四级考试汉译英的能力,实现文化的有效传播,提高民族文化自信。

《说文解字》的“字用”思想发微

《说文解字》(简称《说文》)通常被看作“形”书,其说解汉字的方法及对汉字的具体解析得到学史肯定。本文认为,《说文》还有重要的字用学价值,其“字用”思想可以从《说文·叙》和《说文》正文对字的解释两个方面考察。在《说文·叙》中,许慎揭示了“假借”之“依声托事”的用字实质;用“古文”泛指古代文字,表面上是字体概念,实际上指的是古文字的结构和古文献中的用字;许慎对文字的定义和文字功能的表述体现了职用实质;许慎对时人谬解文字的批评,对《说文》编撰目的和编撰原则的说明也都是从文字使用角度表述的。《说文》正文对每个字的解说首重意义,形体分析只是对意义的印证;《说文》解说中常用“古文以为某”来揭示古代不同于汉代的用字现象;《说文》的“重文”如“古文作某”“某古文”等也是就字的功能而言;“一曰”的说解则反映了同字异用现象;《说文》还常引用书例来证明字义。这些都说明《说文》从服务解读经书的目的出发,非常重视汉字的使用功能,多方面揭示了汉语字词的各种关系。

汉语具体词和抽象词记忆的神经机制研究

具体词和抽象词加工的神经机制是认知神经科学的研究热点,但过往的相关研究主要集中于拼音文字,发现抽象词加工更多激活语言系统,而具体词加工更多激活感知觉系统。该文使用功能性磁共振成像,通过记忆-自由回忆任务,探究了汉语具体词和抽象词加工在记忆编码过程中的大脑活动情况,结果是两种词类的记忆加工都主要激活了颞枕皮层和左侧额下回。除此之外,抽象词记忆更多激活了默认脑网络,而具体词记忆更多激活了感觉运动皮层。结果表明具体词和抽象词的记忆都会激活语言和执行控制系统,但也会依赖不同的脑区进行记忆编码。