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Research progress of the fundamental theory and technology of rock blasting 被引量:4
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作者 Peng Xu Renshu Yang +5 位作者 Jinjing Zuo Chenxi Ding Cheng Chen Yang Guo Shizheng Fang Yufei Zhang 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第4期705-716,共12页
Investigating rock fragmentation mechanisms under blasting and developing new blasting technologies are important and challenging directions for blast engineering.Recently,with the development of experimental techniqu... Investigating rock fragmentation mechanisms under blasting and developing new blasting technologies are important and challenging directions for blast engineering.Recently,with the development of experimental techniques,the fundamental theory of rock blasting has been extensively studied in the past few decades and has made important achievements in the full understanding of the rock fracturing process under blast loading.It is thus imperative to systematically review the progress in this direction.This paper mainly focuses on the experimental study of rock blasting,including the distribution characteristic of blast energy,evolution of the blast stress field,propagation mechanism of cracks,interaction mechanism between blast waves and cracks,and influence of geostatic stress on rock fragmentation.In addition,some newly developed blasting technologies and their applications are briefly presented.This review could provide comprehensive insights to guide the study on the rock fracturing mechanism under blasting and further provide meaningful guidance for optimizing blast parameters in engineering. 展开更多
关键词 rock blasting stress waves crack propagation blasting technology
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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANISM AND TECHNOLOGY OF DIRECTED CRACK BLASTING 被引量:3
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作者 杨永琦 高全臣 +4 位作者 于慕松 张奇 单仁亮 杨仁树 贾云峰 《Journal of China University of Mining and Technology》 1995年第2期69-77,共9页
The dynamic stress-fields and their distribution characteristics around boreholes in the directed crack blasting were measured with the dynamic photo-elastic laser holography apparatus and the ultradymamic measurement... The dynamic stress-fields and their distribution characteristics around boreholes in the directed crack blasting were measured with the dynamic photo-elastic laser holography apparatus and the ultradymamic measurement system. The directed crack mechanism and its mechanical model have been analysed and expounded. Through the 43 production experiments using slotted cartridges and the double triangle center cut-holes for directed crack blasting in underground rock drift, the results of which the rates of half-hole marks and efficiency of borehole,and the nonsmooth grades of the cut contours are 96%, 98% and 10cm respectively have been achieved. 展开更多
关键词 矿山 爆破技术 光面爆破机理 动力学
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Analysis on control technology for collapsing vibration generated by building demolition blasting 被引量:2
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作者 CHI En-an ZHANG Yi-ping 《Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China)》 2010年第3期262-266,共5页
The mechanism of ground vibration in building demolition blasting was investigated,taking into account the prevailing influential factors, including the building's heightof mass center, the quantity size, the stru... The mechanism of ground vibration in building demolition blasting was investigated,taking into account the prevailing influential factors, including the building's heightof mass center, the quantity size, the structural feature, the component material quantity,the demolition method, the geological structure of the region, earthquake resistance rank,as well as the earthquake wave dissemination.The proposed method was applied efficientlyto reduce the blasting effects on the environment, which enriches the control theoriesof vibration caused by collapse in the blasting process and may provide a good referencefor the related engineering practices. 展开更多
关键词 建筑物拆除 地面振动 技术分析 倒塌 控制 破产 爆破机理 影响因素
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Research progress on permeability improvement mechanisms and technologies of coalbed deep-hole cumulative blasting 被引量:7
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作者 Deyong Guo Pengfei Lv +1 位作者 Jiechao Zhao Chao Zhang 《International Journal of Coal Science & Technology》 EI 2020年第2期329-336,共8页
Coalbed gas extraction is an important means of exploiting and utilizing gas resources,as well as a means of preventing coal mine disasters.In view of the low gas extraction rate from coalbeds with high gas content an... Coalbed gas extraction is an important means of exploiting and utilizing gas resources,as well as a means of preventing coal mine disasters.In view of the low gas extraction rate from coalbeds with high gas content and low permeability,a method of improving permeability through deep-hole cumulative blasting is applied to develop initial directional fractures using a jet flow.Under the action of the blasting stress wave and detonation gas wedge,the fractures extend over a large range within the coal,thereby improving coalbed permeability.This study focuses on the criteria of cumulative blasting-induced coalbed fracturing based on a literature review of the penetration effect of cumulative blasting.On this basis,we summarize the coal fracturing zone,crack extension process,and the key technologies of charging and hole sealing for cumulative blasting.In addition,the latest research progress in the optimization of field test drilling and blasting parameters for cumulative blasting is introduced.Research findings indicate that the permeability improvement mechanism of cumulative blasting could be further enhanced,and the technology and technical equipment are in urgent need of improvement.Finally,development trends in the cumulative blasting permeability improvement technique are identified. 展开更多
关键词 Cumulative blasting Fracturing mechanism Coalbed permeability improvement Permeability improvement technology Gas extraction
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Analysis of key technologies and development of integrated digital processing system for cast blasting design 被引量:1
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作者 丁小华 李克民 +1 位作者 肖双双 狐为民 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第3期1037-1044,共8页
Casting blast can greatly reduce the stripping cost and improve the production capacity of opencast coal mines. Key technologies including high bench blasting, inclined hole, millisecond blasting, pre-splitting blasti... Casting blast can greatly reduce the stripping cost and improve the production capacity of opencast coal mines. Key technologies including high bench blasting, inclined hole, millisecond blasting, pre-splitting blasting and casting blast parameters determination which have influence on the effect of casting blast have been researched with the combination of the ballistic theory and experience in mines. The integrated digital processing system of casting blast was developed in order to simplify the design process of casting blast, improve working efficiency and veracity of design result and comprehensively adopt the software programming method and the theory of casting blast. This system has achieved five functions, namely, the 3D visualization graphics management, the intelligent management of geological information, the intelligent design of casting blast, the analysis and prediction of the blasting effect and the automatic output of the design results. Long-term application in opencast coal mines has shown that research results can not only reduce the specific explosive consumption and improve the blasting effect, but also have high value of popularization and application. 展开更多
关键词 数字处理系统 爆破设计 技术包 集成 抛掷爆破 开发 露天煤矿 爆破效果
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Application Technology of Tebuconazole WG against Sheath Blight 75% Trifloxystrobin · Rice Blast and Rice
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作者 Zhang Shun Zeng Delin +5 位作者 Yang Shouli Lei Dehua Lv Liang Chang Xiangqian Yang Xiaolin Yuan Bin 《Plant Diseases and Pests》 CAS 2013年第5期6-8,11,共4页
[ Objective] The paper was to confirm the best application period and frequency of 75% trifloxystrobin ·tebuconazole WG against rice blast and rice sheath blight. [ Method] Influences of different dosages and dif... [ Objective] The paper was to confirm the best application period and frequency of 75% trifloxystrobin ·tebuconazole WG against rice blast and rice sheath blight. [ Method] Influences of different dosages and different application periods of 75% trifloxystrobin · tebuconazole WG on control effects against rice blast and rice sheath blight, as well as their effects on rice yields were studied in the paper. [Result] The control effects of three different fungicides application treatments against rice sheath blight were 80.24%, 83.0% and 67.99%, and the control effects against rice blast were 56.4%, 49.11% and 61.1%, respective- ly. Advanced application of fungicide for two times had good prevention effect against rice sheath blight ; properly delayed application of fungicides for two times was conducive to improving the control effect against rice blast, and one time application of sufficient fungicide during middle booting stage had higher control effect than application for two times. Effective panicle number per unit area, total grain number, 1 000-grain weight and moisture content of various fungicide application treat- ments did not have significant difference with those of the treatments without fungicide application, but grain number per panicle in treatments applied with fungicide was higher than the treatment without application. [ Conclusion] 75% Trifloxystrobin ·tebuconazole WG has better control effect on rice blast and sheath blight, which helps to promote the formation of rice grain and increases yield significantly. The fungicide application against rice sheath blight should be appropriately ad- vanced, and application for one time against panicle blast after middle booting stage is helpful to improve the control effect. 展开更多
关键词 15% Trifloxystrobin ·tebuconazole WG Rice blast disease Rice sheath blight Application technology
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Review on biomass metallurgy:Pretreatment technology,metallurgical mechanism and process design 被引量:5
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作者 Jianliang Zhang Hongyuan Fu +4 位作者 Yanxiang Liu Han Dang Lian Ye Alberto N.Conejio Runsheng Xu 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第6期1133-1149,共17页
The metallurgy industry consumes a considerable amount of coal and fossil fuels,and its carbon dioxide emissions are increasing every year.Replacing coal with renewable,carbon-neutral biomass for metallurgical product... The metallurgy industry consumes a considerable amount of coal and fossil fuels,and its carbon dioxide emissions are increasing every year.Replacing coal with renewable,carbon-neutral biomass for metallurgical production is of great significance in reducing global carbon consumption.This study describes the current state of research in biomass metallurgy in recent years and analyzes the concept and scientific principles of biomass metallurgy.The fundamentals of biomass pretreatment technology and biomass metallurgy technology were discussed,and the industrial application framework of biomass metallurgy was proposed.Furthermore,the economic and social advantages of biomass metallurgy were analyzed to serve as a reference for the advancement of fundamental theory and industrial application of biomass metallurgy. 展开更多
关键词 BIOMASS pretreatment technology blast furnace ironmaking direct reduction new process design benefit assessment
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Development of a Fuel-flexible Co-gasification Technology 被引量:2
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作者 赵月红 温浩 +1 位作者 郭占成 许志宏 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2005年第1期96-101,共6页
As one of promising clean coal technologies used to reduce pollutant emission and CO2 discharge, cogasification has been extensively investigated. In this paper, a new co-gasification technology using coal and natural... As one of promising clean coal technologies used to reduce pollutant emission and CO2 discharge, cogasification has been extensively investigated. In this paper, a new co-gasification technology using coal and natural gas was developed. The distinct advantages of this technology are the excellent fuel flexibility and the availability to establish the gasifler by reconstructing the blast furnace or similar shaft furnace. Based on the concept of the new co-gasification technology, lab-scale experiments and modeling study were carried out. The obtained results indicate that gasification is undertaken at ideal thermodynamic environment where quasi-equilibrium could be reached without catalysts. The modeling results are in agreement with experimental data, demonstrating the validity of the model and that Aspen Plus is a useful tool for the analysis of the co-gasification process. Furthermore,the effect of major operation parameters, including oxygen flow rate and steam flow rate, on co-gasification process was investigated using the developed model. 展开更多
关键词 燃料 气化技术 鼓风炉 清洁生产技术
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Precision blasting, current status and its prospective
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作者 Xie Xianqi 《Engineering Sciences》 EI 2014年第6期16-23,共8页
Precision blasting,which is different from traditional control blasting,is regarded as the sign of new development stage of engineering blasting.The definition,connotation,technology system and current situation of it... Precision blasting,which is different from traditional control blasting,is regarded as the sign of new development stage of engineering blasting.The definition,connotation,technology system and current situation of its application and development were described briefly.With regard to the prospect of precision blasting,following aspects for further study are recommended:a.A multiple disciplinary study should be developed for a more understanding on the explosive energy release and quantitative blasting design;b.according to the requirements of digital blasting objective,syncretic study of precision blasting and technology should be enhanced;c.numerical simulation was an important tool for optimizing engineering blasting scheme and blasting harmful effects control,a more elaborate precision numerical simulation method should be studied furthermore;d.the modernization and standardization of precision blasting construction should be enhanced. 展开更多
关键词 控制爆破 数值模拟方法 爆破技术 工程爆破 爆破设计 能量释放 爆破方案 优化工程
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周边孔聚能装置间隔装药在光面爆破中的应用研究
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作者 王清标 王涛 +5 位作者 田成林 孙永 魏祥 李中辉 王旭 李悦 《爆破》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期77-84,共8页
隧道光面爆破工程的周边孔需要采用间隔装药方式,而大部分间隔装药方式采用“导爆索+雷管”联合起爆技术,此技术具有一定的局限性且经常发生拒爆现象。如何在保证隧道掘进效率的前提下提高光面爆破效果成为目前亟待解决的难题,从现场试... 隧道光面爆破工程的周边孔需要采用间隔装药方式,而大部分间隔装药方式采用“导爆索+雷管”联合起爆技术,此技术具有一定的局限性且经常发生拒爆现象。如何在保证隧道掘进效率的前提下提高光面爆破效果成为目前亟待解决的难题,从现场试验方面开展相关研究,提出“聚能装置+数码电子雷管”新型联合起爆技术,将其应用于高原某隧道,通过与原始的“导爆索+数码电子雷管”联合起爆技术的爆破后效果进行对比分析。实验结果表明:对比原始技术,新技术炸药单耗降低了0.2 kg/m^(3),半孔留痕率提高了5%,平均装药时间由原来的1.3 h降为1.0 h,稳定循环进尺的同时极大降低了耗材费用,提高了隧道光面爆破效果。 展开更多
关键词 隧道开挖 光面爆破 间隔装药 联合起爆技术 聚能装置
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首钢长钢8号高炉长寿生产实践
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作者 张红斌 来志坚 +1 位作者 王保国 张伟业 《山西冶金》 CAS 2024年第1期155-157,共3页
高炉长寿是一项系统工程,仅靠任何单一技术无法实现高炉长寿目标,必须统筹考虑高炉设计、砌筑、维护及操作等各个环节。首钢长钢8号高炉第二代炉龄在加强高炉长寿方面通过建立完善的监控设施、推行高炉长寿体检管控模式、建立数据化研... 高炉长寿是一项系统工程,仅靠任何单一技术无法实现高炉长寿目标,必须统筹考虑高炉设计、砌筑、维护及操作等各个环节。首钢长钢8号高炉第二代炉龄在加强高炉长寿方面通过建立完善的监控设施、推行高炉长寿体检管控模式、建立数据化研判机制、推行护炉措施、控制边缘气流、在线更换冷却壁、炉衬喷补以及精细化高炉操作等措施,实现了高炉稳定顺行,单位炉容产铁量10 640 t/m^(3),达到长寿高炉标准。 展开更多
关键词 高炉 长寿 维护 技术
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榆林市谷瘟病和谷子叶斑病的发生与防治
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作者 赵艳群 巩玉峰 +5 位作者 王富刚 赵文忠 霍棠 米海宁 郭艳芳 冯蕾蕾 《陕西农业科学》 2024年第5期90-94,共5页
随着我国西北地区暖湿化进程的发展,陕西省在榆林市降雨明显增加,谷瘟病和谷子叶斑病普遍发生,对谷子生产造成了严重损失。通过系统调查研究,明确了谷瘟病和叶斑病的发生特点、危害情况和发生原因,并提出了培育和引进抗病品种,强化预测... 随着我国西北地区暖湿化进程的发展,陕西省在榆林市降雨明显增加,谷瘟病和谷子叶斑病普遍发生,对谷子生产造成了严重损失。通过系统调查研究,明确了谷瘟病和叶斑病的发生特点、危害情况和发生原因,并提出了培育和引进抗病品种,强化预测预报,开展科学防控,加强宣传培训的综合防治措施,以减少病害损失,保障粮食生产安全。 展开更多
关键词 谷瘟病 谷子叶斑病 发生原因 防治技术
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定向断裂控制爆破下层理页岩的致裂机理
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作者 杨国梁 毕京九 +3 位作者 董智文 赵桐德 赵建宇 赵康朴 《爆炸与冲击》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第6期1-15,共15页
为探究定向断裂控制爆破下层理页岩的爆破致裂机理,采用切缝药包,对四种切缝角度下的页岩立方体试件进行爆破试验,采用数字图像相关技术(DIC)对页岩试件表面应变场的演化过程进行监测,分析了微裂纹孕育至宏观裂纹贯通的内在机理,并基于... 为探究定向断裂控制爆破下层理页岩的爆破致裂机理,采用切缝药包,对四种切缝角度下的页岩立方体试件进行爆破试验,采用数字图像相关技术(DIC)对页岩试件表面应变场的演化过程进行监测,分析了微裂纹孕育至宏观裂纹贯通的内在机理,并基于盒维数理论计算了不同切缝角度下页岩试件表面裂纹的分形维数,采用Matlab软件对爆后块度的筛分方法进行了编程分析,开发了全自动的粒径分析程序,实现了粒径圈定的可视化。试验结果表明:试件在不同比例爆距内的裂纹总密度与比例爆距之间存在负相关的幂函数关系,切缝方向与层理弱面的夹角对微观损伤区域出现的位置影响显著,当层理弱面与切缝方向平行时,损伤区域多集中于层理弱面处,对宏观裂纹的扩展路径影响显著,易于形成单一裂纹;层理弱面处的能量泄漏是造成页岩爆破破碎效果较差的重要因素,当切缝方向与层理弱面一致时,试件爆后的大块占比较高,爆后块度的分形维数平均值在各组间最低,仅为0.7843,而当切缝方向与层理面垂直时,试件的爆后块度分布较为均匀,爆后块度的分形维数平均值达到了2.5233,爆破破碎效果相对较好。 展开更多
关键词 页岩 爆破 裂隙场 数字图像相关技术 块度筛分程序 分形维数
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基于PEMD-MPE算法的露天矿爆破振动信号降噪方法
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作者 代树红 张战军 +2 位作者 柳凯 郑昊 孙清林 《黄金科学技术》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期82-90,共9页
为了去除露天矿山爆破振动信号中混入的噪声成分,提出了一种基于PEMD-MPE算法的降噪方法。该算法通过自适应性正交经验模态分解(PEMD)得到完全正交的本征模态函数(IMF)分量,然后对各个IMF分量进行多尺度排列熵(MPE)的随机性检测,成功确... 为了去除露天矿山爆破振动信号中混入的噪声成分,提出了一种基于PEMD-MPE算法的降噪方法。该算法通过自适应性正交经验模态分解(PEMD)得到完全正交的本征模态函数(IMF)分量,然后对各个IMF分量进行多尺度排列熵(MPE)的随机性检测,成功确定其中的噪声分量并将其去除。采用该算法对实测的露天矿山爆破振动信号进行降噪处理。结果表明:相比EMD-MPE和EEMD-MPE算法,PEMD-MPE算法的信噪比分别提高了3.520 dB和1.107 dB,且重构标准差和均方根误差最小,说明该算法不仅能够有效去除爆破振动信号中的噪声成分,还能有效保留真实信号。 展开更多
关键词 露天矿山 爆破振动 振动信号 降噪 PEMD-MPE算法 AOK时频技术
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设施农业生物质高效节能热风炉的研究与应用
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作者 徐鹏 《农业科技与装备》 2024年第1期67-68,共2页
结合设施农业增温设备的发展现状,开发一种新型生物质高效节能热风炉,使其具有省工省力、高效节能的优点。使用生物质双炉双燃专利技术,可使生物质颗粒燃烧充分,燃料利用率高,且无烟排放、节能环保。从经济效益看,占地面积667m^(2)的标... 结合设施农业增温设备的发展现状,开发一种新型生物质高效节能热风炉,使其具有省工省力、高效节能的优点。使用生物质双炉双燃专利技术,可使生物质颗粒燃烧充分,燃料利用率高,且无烟排放、节能环保。从经济效益看,占地面积667m^(2)的标准百米棚中的冬季蔬菜生产需要加温设备具有热效率高、升温较快、抑制病害等特点,而试验设计的热风炉可满足设施农业冬春季节的增温需求,同时也可实现节能减排和省力化作业。 展开更多
关键词 设施农业 生物质 热风炉 技术 应用
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舰艇爆炸毁伤与防护若干关键问题研究进展
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作者 李营 杜志鹏 +11 位作者 陈赶超 王诗平 侯海量 李晓彬 张攀 张伦平 孔祥韶 李海涛 郭君 姚术健 王志凯 殷彩玉 《中国舰船研究》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期3-60,共58页
大型水面舰船和潜艇是支撑海军空间立体化作战的主要装备和移动平台,随着战斗部毁伤威力和制导精度的日益提高,加之毁伤载荷的多元化,其生存环境面临愈加严峻的挑战,因而开展舰艇爆炸毁伤与防护研究具有十分重要的意义。爆炸载荷下舰艇... 大型水面舰船和潜艇是支撑海军空间立体化作战的主要装备和移动平台,随着战斗部毁伤威力和制导精度的日益提高,加之毁伤载荷的多元化,其生存环境面临愈加严峻的挑战,因而开展舰艇爆炸毁伤与防护研究具有十分重要的意义。爆炸载荷下舰艇结构的毁伤与防护是一个涉及爆炸力学、流体力学、结构动力学、材料学等多学科融合的交叉性问题,仍存在诸多难题有待研究。针对其中涉及的若干关键问题,围绕近年来国内外在舰艇爆炸载荷特性、毁伤响应机制及其防护技术与装备等方面的研究进展进行系统概述,指出当前研究存在的不足,并对舰艇爆炸毁伤与防护的发展趋势进行展望,旨在为未来舰艇高效毁伤与防护研究提供有价值的参考。 展开更多
关键词 舰艇结构 爆炸载荷 毁伤机理 防护技术
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隧道近接穿越古迹爆破施工安全控制技术
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作者 王延雨 温小宝 +2 位作者 王军 叶飞 曹凯 《地下空间与工程学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期645-656,共12页
为了降低隧道爆破施工对临近古迹等敏感建筑物的安全威胁,依托新建石板沟一号公路隧道工程,通过现场监测和数值模拟,揭示了不同掏槽眼型式与传播介质参数对临近古迹的减振规律。对上台阶全断面爆破施工阶段进行监测,发现影响控制点振速... 为了降低隧道爆破施工对临近古迹等敏感建筑物的安全威胁,依托新建石板沟一号公路隧道工程,通过现场监测和数值模拟,揭示了不同掏槽眼型式与传播介质参数对临近古迹的减振规律。对上台阶全断面爆破施工阶段进行监测,发现影响控制点振速峰值的主要因素为掏槽眼爆破,其中寺内水平向振速VR显著较大;在爆破断面距寺庙约60 m处V_(R)达到0.961 cm/s,即将超出1.0 cm/s的安全限值,建议以60 m为分界线调整爆破方案。为兼顾施工效率和爆破减振,利用数值模拟对掏槽型式与台阶法施工参数进行研究,结果表明,掏槽型式与仰拱开挖对控制点的影响具有区段性,采取斜眼掏槽型式、及时开挖仰拱、增大台阶长度和台阶高度分别能够减小控制点振速峰值0.071 cm/s、0.039 cm/s、0.097 cm/s、0.065 cm/s。为保证工程顺利进行,最终提出三区段小导洞先行爆破施工方案和相关辅助减震措施,有效控制了隧道爆破对古迹的振动影响。 展开更多
关键词 隧道爆破 爆破振动响应 控制爆破技术 区段划分 方案优化
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高炉富氧鼓风技术发展现状简析
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作者 徐润生 赵鹏 +1 位作者 张建良 叶涟 《炼铁》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第1期6-11,共6页
高炉富氧鼓风技术取得了明显进展,如新型氧煤枪、SIP等先进高比例富氧技术的推广应用,而面临的难题主要是,高比例富氧后,高炉呈现“上冷下热”和边沿气流发展等状况,影响高炉稳定顺行。2020年,新疆八钢开启氧气高炉冶炼实践,第一阶段实... 高炉富氧鼓风技术取得了明显进展,如新型氧煤枪、SIP等先进高比例富氧技术的推广应用,而面临的难题主要是,高比例富氧后,高炉呈现“上冷下热”和边沿气流发展等状况,影响高炉稳定顺行。2020年,新疆八钢开启氧气高炉冶炼实践,第一阶段实现35%高富氧冶炼目标,第二阶段试验将引入欧冶炉CO_(2)脱除后的煤气,打通煤气循环的工艺流程,实现50%的超高富氧技术突破。展望未来,高炉发展方向是富氧率、喷煤量不断提高,并逐渐步人高富氧大喷煤的背景中,最终走向全氧高炉冶炼。 展开更多
关键词 高炉 富氧鼓风 富氧率 氧煤枪 序列脉冲喷吹技术
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江苏太湖地区粳稻稻瘟病抗性基因(Pi2、Pita、Pib)的分布及抗病效应
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作者 于雅洁 曹鹏辉 +6 位作者 宋云生 陈飞 乔中英 董明辉 朱勇良 谢裕林 袁彩勇 《江苏农业学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第5期769-776,共8页
为分析稻瘟病抗性基因Pi2、Pita、Pib在江苏太湖地区粳稻稻瘟病抗性育种中的作用,利用五引物扩增受阻突变体系(PARMS)检测技术,检测水稻稻瘟病抗性基因Pi2、Pita、Pib在江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所筛选培育的799份高世代稳定试验材料中... 为分析稻瘟病抗性基因Pi2、Pita、Pib在江苏太湖地区粳稻稻瘟病抗性育种中的作用,利用五引物扩增受阻突变体系(PARMS)检测技术,检测水稻稻瘟病抗性基因Pi2、Pita、Pib在江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所筛选培育的799份高世代稳定试验材料中的分布情况,并结合穗颈瘟人工接种鉴定结果分析基因型与抗性的关系。结果表明,在799份供试水稻品种中,以抗性基因Pib的分布频率最高,抗性基因Pita的分布频率也相对较高,抗性基因Pi2分布频率较低,多数材料携带2个抗性基因;在抗性基因组合中,Pita+Pib组合检出率较高,为44.81%(358/799)。田间抗病性鉴定结果表明,当供试材料中只存在单一抗病基因时,中抗级别以上材料占比为33.60%(86/256),当供试材料中存在复合基因型时,中抗级别以上材料占比为61.02%(299/490),表明抗性基因共存可以有效增强植株对稻瘟病的抗性。本研究结果为江苏太湖地区粳稻稻瘟病抗性基因聚合育种的选择提供了理论支持。 展开更多
关键词 稻瘟病 PARMS技术 抗性基因 抗病育种
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静态爆破剂水化速率对矿体力学及损伤作用机制研究
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作者 张露伟 李吉民 +3 位作者 陈诚 任高峰 张聪瑞 赵亮 《爆破》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期148-158,共11页
为了研究静态爆破剂水化速率对矿体力学及损伤作用机制,利用应力-损伤耦合模型进行了不同水化速率下矿体力学损伤数值模拟,分析了水化速率对矿体应力场及损伤区演化规律影响,揭示了钻孔布置模型对水化速率作用的机制。研究结果表明:静... 为了研究静态爆破剂水化速率对矿体力学及损伤作用机制,利用应力-损伤耦合模型进行了不同水化速率下矿体力学损伤数值模拟,分析了水化速率对矿体应力场及损伤区演化规律影响,揭示了钻孔布置模型对水化速率作用的机制。研究结果表明:静态爆破损伤区发育可以分为压实阶段、微损伤形成阶段、损伤区发育阶段、损伤区贯通阶段等4个阶段,其中损伤区发育、贯通阶段应力作用最为显著;矿体应力场及损伤区随着水化速率的增大而增加,并且在快速释能初期水化速率对应力场及损伤区影响差异性较小,快速释能后期水化速率对应力场及损伤区影响差异性显著;钻孔布置模型影响水化速率作用机制,其中单孔力学模型下水化速率促进膨胀压差异性,双孔力学模型下水化速率促进应力叠加,导向孔布置模型最为显著,初期水化速率加快应力运移,后期水化速率促进应力叠加,在时间维度和应力维度的共同作用下造成损伤区扩展、贯通;本次数值模拟和现场测试方案中,静态爆破剂水化速率1.8 MPa/min,钻孔直径113 mm,钻孔间距1000 mm,合理的孔间距与钻孔直径比η=9,导向孔布置模型可有效地致裂矿体、产生大量损伤区。该研究为提高静态爆破技术的致裂效果及施工布置提供了参考依据。 展开更多
关键词 静态爆破技术 水化速率 力学模型 应力场 损伤区
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