Design Optimization of CFRP Stacking Sequence Using a Multi-Island Genetic Algorithms Under Low-velocity Impact Loads

A method to improve the low-velocity impact performance of composite laminate is proposed, and a multi-island genetic algorithm is used for the optimization of composite laminate stacking sequence under low-velocity impact loads based on a 2D dynamic impact finite element analysis. Low-velocity impact tests and compression-after impact（CAI） tests have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of optimization method. Experimental results show that the impact damage areas of the optimized laminate have been reduced by 42.1% compared to the baseline specimen, and the residual compression strength has been increased by 10.79%, from baseline specimen 156.97 MPa to optimized 173.91 MPa. The tests result shows that optimization method can effectively enhance the impact performances of the laminate.

用遗传算法的阈值选取法检测铝合金MIG焊熔池边缘

针对铝合金MIG焊熔池边缘提取问题,建立视觉传感和采集的实验系统,提出基于最大类间方差阀值的遗传算法来提取铝合金MIG焊熔池边缘.介绍系统与算法的结构,同时与基于Sobel算子、Canny算子的熔池边缘提取结果进行对比.结果表明,遗传算法阀值图像分割在熔池图像边缘提取是可行的,通过该算法提取的铝合金MIG焊接熔池边缘清晰,可以有效地克服熔池图像信号中的噪声及阴极雾化区的影响,该方法提供了一种新的焊接熔池边缘实时检测与控制的方法.

铝合金脉冲MIG焊过程PID控制器设计与仿真

针对铝合金脉冲MIG焊过程,根据建立的占空比与焊接正面熔宽之间动态关系的数学模型,设计了非线性PID控制器和遗传算法优化的PID控制器,并分别对其在焊接过程中占空比对熔池正面熔宽阶跃动态响应的控制效果进行了MATLAB仿真研究。结果表明,非线性PID控制方法具有比遗传算法优化的PID控制方法更好的控制效果。

Static and dynamic collaborative optimization of ship hull structure

The goal of this effort was to provide a static and dynamic collaborative optimization （CO） model for the design of ship hull structure. The CO model integrated with static, mode and dynamic analyses. In the system-level optimization model, a new objective function was advised, integrating all the subsystem-levels＇ objective functions, so as to eliminate the effects of dimensions and magnitude order. The proposed CO architecture enabled multi-objectives of the system and subsystem-level to be considered at both levels during optimization. A bi-level optimization strategy was advised, using the multi-island genetic algorithm. The proposed model was demonstrated with a deck optimization problem of container ship stern. The analysis progress and results of example show that the CO strategy is not only feasible and reliable, but also well suited for use in actual optimization problems of ship design.

Optimizing Winding Angles of Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipes Based on Progressive Failure Criterion

This paper examines a scheme to optimize the multiple winding angles of reinforced thermoplastic pipes(RTPs)under internal and external pressures.To consider the nonlinear mechanical behavior of the material under changes of winding angle due to deformation,we use three-dimensional(3D)thick-walled cylinder theory with the 3D Hashin failure criterion and theory of the evolution of damage to composite materials,to formulate a model that analyzes the progressive failure of RTPs.The accuracy of the model was verified by experiments.A model to optimize the multiple winding angles of the RTPs was then established using the model for progressive failure analysis and a multi-island genetic algorithm.The optimal scheme for winding angles of RTPs capable of withstanding the maximum internal/external pressure was obtained.The simulation results showed that the ply number of the reinforced layer has a prominent nonlinear effect on the internal and external pressure capacity of the RTPs.Compared with RTPs with a single angle of±55°,the multiple winding angle overlay scheme based on the multi-angle optimization model improved the internal and external pressure capacity of the RTPs,and the improvement in the external pressure capacity was significantly better than the internal pressure carrying capacity.

Lift enhancement of airfoil and tip flow control for wind turbine

Two techniques that improve the aerodynamic performance of wind turbine airfoils are described. The airfoil $809, designed specially for wind turbine blades, and the airfoil FX60-100, having a higher lift-drag ratio, are selected to verify the flow control techniques. The flow deflector, fixed at the leading edge, is employed to control the boundary layer separation on the airfoil at a high angle of attack. The multi-island genetic algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the flow deflector. The results indicate that the flow deflector can suppress the flow separation, delay the stall, and enhance the lift. The characteristics of the blade tip vortex, the wake vortex, and the surface pressure distributions of the blades are analyzed. The vortex diffuser, set up at the blade tip, is employed to control the blade tip vortex. The results show that the vortex diffuser can increase the total pressure coefficient of the core of the vortex, decrease the strength of the blade tip vortex, lower the noise, and improve the efficiency of the blade.

Multi-objective Optimization of Differential Steering System of Electric Vehicle with Motorized Wheels

A differential steering system is presented for electric vehicle with motorized wheels and a dynamic model of three-freedom car is built.Based on these models,the quantitative expressions of the road feel,sensitivity,and operation stability of the steering are derived.Then,according to the features of multi-constrained optimization of multi-objective function,a multi-island genetic algorithm(MIGA)is designed.Taking the road feel and the sensitivity of the steering as optimization objectives and the operation stability of the steering as a constraint,the system parameters are optimized.The simulation results show that the system optimized with MIGA can improve the steering road feel,and guarantee the operation stability and steering sensibility.

Numerical Simulation and Optimization of the Gas-Solid Coupled Flow Field and Discharging Performance of Straw Crushers

The quality of crushing,power consumption,and discharging performance of a straw crusher are greatly influenced by the characteristics of its internalflowfield.To enhance the straw crusher’sflowfield properties and improve the efficiency with which crushed material is discharged,first,the main structural parameters influencing the airflow in the crusher are discussed.Then,the coupled gas-solidflowfield in the straw crusher is numerically calculated through solution of the Navier-Stokes equations and application of the discrete element method(DEM).Finally,the discharge performance index of the crusher is examined through detailed analysis of the crushed material dynamics.Additionally,a multi-island genetic algorithm is used to optimize the structure and operational factors that have significant effects on the discharge performance.With optimization,the accumulation rate of crushed materials in the bottom region of the straw crusher decreases by 20.08%,and the massflow rate at the discharge outlet increases by 11.63%.

Adaptive Approximation-based Optimization of Composite Advanced Grid-stiffened Cylinder

An adaptive approximation-based optimization （AABO） procedure is developed for the optimum design of a composite advanced grid-stiffened （AGS） cylinder subject to post-buckling. The design taking account of post-buckling under ultimate load will be able to promote the structural efficiency compared to the conventional design in which only the linear buckling is allowed. The beam-shell offsets technique is utilized for modeling the stiffener-skin connection, and the Newton-Raphson method is employed for the post-buckling analysis. A few structural analysis efforts are carried out for establishing the Kriging model of the collapse load of the AGS cylinder for optimization to significantly increase the optimization efficiency. The multi-island genetic algorithm （MIGA） is utilized for global optimum search. An adaptive approximation framework is proposed to resolve the computational burden caused by the large domain of design variables, and it is demonstrated that much less computational expense than that of the traditional approximation-based optimization method can be achieved. The utility of making use of commercial optimization package iSIGHT in conjunction with the finite element （FE） code MSC.MARC to develop the preliminary design tool of the composite AGS cylinder is evaluated as well.

采用聚乳酸复合材料的汽车零件多材料优化设计

以玄武岩纤维为增强材料,增强聚乳酸拉伸力学性能使其满足汽车非金属产品的力学性能要求,同时利用多材料方法设计产品,实现轻量化。首先研究了玄武岩纤维含量与其复合材料的关系,通过多材料设计方法并以零件的实际工况为设计条件对产品进行再设计。利用多岛遗传算法(MIGA)与遗传算法-响应面(GA-RSM)模型结合的优化方法寻求最优材料参数组合。结果表明:玄武岩纤维可提高聚乳酸的力学性能,GA-RSM模型在预测值时有较高的精确性,通过以上设计方法,使零件质量降低了9%。以上结果证明了聚乳酸复合材料可作为石油基材料的替代品应用到汽车产品研发中;多材料设计结合MIGA的方法可实现汽车产品轻量化。

Multi-Parameter and Multi-Objective Optimization of Occupant Restraint System in Frontal Collision

To solve the constraints of multi-objective optimization of the driver system and high nonlinear problems, according to the relevant dimensions of a car, we build a simulation model with Hybrid Ⅲ 50th dummy driver constraint system. The comparison of the driver mechanics index of the experimental data with the simulation data in the frontal crash shows that the accuracy of simulation model meets the requirements. The optimal Latin test design is adopted, and the global sensitivity analysis of the design parameters is carried out based on the Kriging model. The four most sensitive parameters are selected, and the parameters are solved by a multi-island genetic algorithm.And then the nonlinear programming quadratic line(NLPQL) algorithm is used to search for accurate optimization. The optimal parameters of the occupant restraint system are determined: the limiting force value of force limiter 2 985.603 N, belt extension 12.684%, airbag point explosion time 27.585 ms, and airbag vent diameter 27.338 mm, with the weighted injury criterion(WIC) decreased by 12.97%, the head injury decreased by 22.60%, and the chest compression decreased by 7.29%. The results show that the system integration of passive safety devices such as seat belts and airbags can effectively protect the driver.